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单词 scottish
释义

Scottishadj.n.

Brit. /ˈskɒtɪʃ/, U.S. /ˈskɑdɪʃ/
Forms:

α. Old English Scittisc, Old English Scyttisc, Old English Scyttysc.

β. Old English Scottysc (rare), late Old English–early Middle English Scottisc, Middle English Scotisch, Middle English Scotisse, Middle English Scottesh, Middle English Scottisch, Middle English Scottische, Middle English Scottissche, Middle English Scottisse, Middle English Scottissh, Middle English Scottisshe, Middle English Scottysch, Middle English Scottysh, Middle English Scottyssh, Middle English Scotyssh, Middle English Skottyssh, Middle English–1500s Scottyshe, late Middle English Scottysche (in a late copy), late Middle English–1500s Scottysshe, 1500s Scotishe, 1500s Skottishe, 1500s Skottyshe, 1500s–1600s Scottishe, 1500s–1600s Skottish, 1500s– Scottish, 1600s–1800s Scotish; Scottish pre-1700 Schotish, pre-1700 Scotesh, pre-1700 Scoteshe, pre-1700 Scotische, pre-1700 Scotisch, pre-1700 Scotishe, pre-1700 Scottesh, pre-1700 Scottisch, pre-1700 Scottische, pre-1700 Scottishe, pre-1700 Scottyshe, pre-1700 Shotishe, pre-1700 1700s–1800s Scotish, pre-1700 1700s– Scottish, 1900s– Scoattish.

Origin: Probably of multiple origins. Apparently partly formed within English, by derivation; probably modelled on a Latin lexical item. Probably partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin Scotticus ; Scot n.1, -ish suffix1.
Etymology: In α. forms probably < post-classical Latin Scotticus Scotic adj., with suffix substitution (see -ish suffix1) and mutation of stem vowel (see note below). In β. forms apparently subsequently re-formed < Scot n.1 + -ish suffix1, probably after post-classical Latin Scotticus, Scoticus Scotic adj. Compare Middle Dutch scotsch, scots (Dutch Schots), Middle Low German schottesch, schottsch, Middle High German schottesch (German schottisch; in early modern German also schöttisch), Old Icelandic skotzkr, Swedish skotsk, †skottisk (1536 as skåtsk), Danish skotsk, †skottisk (in early modern Danish as skotsk, skodtz).The α. forms show the regular development in Latin loanwords of Latin o before i to Old English u (by mutation y before the i of -ish suffix1); see A. Campbell Old Eng. Gram. (1959) §501. Whether this development is to be seen as a true sound change or rather a sound substitution by analogy with native words is disputed (see e.g. A. Pogatscher Zur Lautlehre der griechischen, lateinischen und romanischen Lehnworte im Altenglischen (1888) §§224-6, and compare K. Luick Hist. Gram. der englischen Sprache (1921) I. i. §77 note 3, and further §71 note 3). For the development of initial sc- in this word, compare discussion at Scot n.1 For discussion of usage of Scottish , Scots , and Scotch see note at Scotch adj. The late persistence of spellings with single -t- (in spite of the resultant ambiguity of the vowel quantity) probably results from close formal association with British adj.
A. adj.
1. Celtic History. Designating the Scots of early medieval Ireland (cf. Scot n.1 1), or the form of Gaelic used by this people; of or relating to this people or their language; = Scots adj. 2.In Old English often with reference to ecclesiastics associated with the Irish mission to Anglo-Saxon England via Iona and Lindisfarne, perhaps sometimes irrespective of their place of origin; cf. quot. OE.In quot. eOE2 referring to a spell apparently assumed to be Irish, but, in fact, not clearly interpretable as such in the state in which it has been transmitted.
ΚΠ
α.
eOE tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (Tanner) iii. xv. 222 Se nyhsta [mæssepreost] wæs Scyttisces cynnes [L. quorum ultimus natione Scottus]; þa oðre wæron Englisce.
eOE Bald's Leechbk. (Royal) (1865) i. 10 (table of contents) Þæs halgan cristes þegnes Iohannes gebed & gealdor & eac oþer scyttisc gecost gealdor, gehwæþer wiþ ælcum attre.
OE Poenitentiale Theodori & Capitula d'Acheriana (Brussels) in F. J. Mone Quellen u. Forschungen zur Geschichte der teutschen Literatur u. Sprache (1830) 519 Fram Scyttiscum preostum oððe bisceopum, oððe fram Bryttiscum, ða ðe sceare nabbað, swa oðre circlite [read circlice] preost, ne ða eastron swa ne healdað, swa we healdað.
β. lOE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 2nd Ser. (Vesp. D.xiv) in R. D.-N. Warner Early Eng. Homilies (1917) 109 Sum Scottisc [OE Cambr. Gg.3.28 Scyttisc] preost wæs gehaten Furseus, æðelboren for wurlde.?a1425 Chron. Papacy l. 102 in Jrnl. Eng. & Germanic Philol. (1942) 41 178 (MED) Þe bischope [sc. Aidan of Lindisfarne] preching in scottisch tunge, The king enterpreteth in Englisch.1565 T. Stapleton tr. Bede Hist. Church Eng. iv. iv. f. 118 Afterward he [sc. Bishop Colman] went to a certaine litle Ile, which lieth on the west syde, cut of a good way from Ireland, and is called in the Scottysh tonge, Inhisbowinde, that is to saye, Whitecalfe Ile.a1604 M. Hanmer Chron. Ireland 56 in J. Ware Two Hist. Ireland (1633) But before his departure out of Ireland, he [sc. Columba] founded a Monasterie (saith Beda) à copia roborum, in the Scottish tongue called Dearmagh.1707 E. Lhuyd Archæologia Britannica 299 (heading) A brief introduction to the Irish or ancient Scotish language.a1773 A. Butler Lives Saints (1779) III. 121 This saint [sc. St Ængus] is distinguished by the surname of Kele-De, that is Worshipper of God; which began in his time to be the denomination of monks in the Scottish language, commonly called Culdees.1858 J. Paterson Origin of Scots & Sc. Lang. (ed. 2) 46 The great body of the people, and their royal leaders, remained in Ireland; and if ever known generally and accurately as the Scottish nation, Ireland would have been Scotland still.1869 Fraser's Mag. June 781/1 The Highland Gaelic..most resembles the Irish spoken in the north-east of Ulster—whence a body of ‘Scottish’ (i.e. Irish) emigrants crossed over to Alba, about a.d. 504.1905 J. H. Wright et al. tr. J. von Pflugk-Harttung Early Middle Ages ii. 66 Biographies dealing with the Scottish (that is, Irish) and Anglo-Saxon monks.2007 J. Gifford Perth & Kinross 23 The Pictish kingdoms of Fortriu and Atholl were separated by Drumalban, the sw range of the Grampians, from Argyll which, by the c5 and probably earlier, was occupied by the Scottish (i.e. Irish) confederation of Dál Riata.
2. Of, from, or belonging to Scotland or its people; (of a product, item, etc.) manufactured in Scotland; of a material, pattern, or design typical of Scotland.
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the world > the earth > named regions of earth > Europe > British Isles > Scotland > [adjective]
ScottisheOE
Scots1346
Scotch1407
Albanian1565
Scotian1607
Caledonian1656
Albanic1789
tartan1954
the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > British nation > Scots nation > [adjective]
ScottisheOE
Scots1346
Scotical1548
Scotch1609
North British1712
α.
eOE Battle of Brunanburh (Parker) 19 Þær læg secg mænig garum ageted, guma norþerna ofer scild scoten, swilce Scittisc [OE Tiber. B.i scyttisc] eac.
β. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 10156 Patric þe ricche mon. Þat wes a Scottisc þein. scone an his londen.a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xv. cli. 812 Here owne Scottisshe [L. scotica] cloþing vnhiȝteþ hem ful moche.1456 in Archaeologia (1812) 16 124 (MED) A Scottyssh Swerde hylte and pomell.a1500 (?a1400) Morte Arthur (1903) l. 850 (MED) She it yaff to the scottisshe knight.a1500 (?c1450) Merlin xiii. 197 For thei were but two scottissh myle fro the town.1507 in R. Dyboski Songs, Carols, & Other Misc. Poems (1908) 154 Þer was gret plente of Skottishe samon.1548 W. Patten Exped. Scotl. L vij The Skottish goouernor..caused the erle Bothwel to be let out of prison.1598 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 1 i. iii. 255 Then once more to your Scottish prisoners, Deliuer them vp without their ransome straight. View more context for this quotation1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Dague a roëlles, a Scottish dagger; or Dudgeon haft dagger.1637 R. Monro Exped. Scots Regim. i. 55 Here also our Scottish High-landmen are prayse-worthy.1695 J. Sage Article in Wks. (1844) I. 268 She assisted the Scottish subjects against their native Sovereign.1741 Chamberlayne's Magnæ Britanniæ Notitia (ed. 34) ii. i. ii. 329 The first Occasion of building the Roman Wall..was..to exclude the Scotish Highlanders.1786 R. Burns Poems 211 At Wallace' name, what Scottish blood, But boils up in a spring-tide flood!1795 E. Burke Let. 29 Jan. in Wks. (1839) V. 293 A zealous Anglican or Scottish Church principle.1827 W. Scott Chron. Canongate ii A..broken-down Scottish laird.1861 E. B. Ramsay Reminisc. Sc. Life ii. 121 A broad Scottish blue bonnet, with a red ‘bob’ on the top.1876 G. Bancroft Hist. U.S. (rev. ed.) II. xlii. 559 The settlement of the Scottish emigrants at Port Royal.1925 E. Fraser & J. Gibbons Soldier & Sailor Words 113 ‘Gutzer’ is pre-war slang, and an old term among Scottish boys for falling flat on the water in diving, instead of making a clean header.1958 Times 21 Nov. 7/2 Rye loaves, wheatmeal loaves,..Scottish baps, all had a place.1969 B. James England v Scotland x. 233 The superiority of Baxter and Law, the Scottish midfield link players, over their English counterparts.2004 Herald (Glasgow) 17 Jan. 6 With any luck, she'll soon be part of Scottish society.
3. Characteristic of Scotland or its people; having characteristics or qualities attributed to people or things from Scotland.
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the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > British nation > Scots nation > [adjective] > characteristic of
Scottish1532
Scotsc1572
Scotch1609
Scottified1644
Scotchified1701
Scotchy1815
scotty1892
1532 T. More Confut. Barnes in Wks. (1557) 739/2 The rude rimelesse runninge of a scottishe ieste.
1586 in W. A. Craigie Maitland Quarto MS (1920) 187 Ȝit it is not ane Scottische tred [to banish traitors].
1610 G. Marcelline Triumphs King James To France sig. B4v My life is innocent, My heart Christian, my tongue to Scottish, & he is too good and wise a King, to bee flattered by any.
c1620 A. Hume Of Orthogr. Britan Tongue (1870) i. vii. §8 The assumption is Scottish, and the conclusion false.
1659 J. Gauden Ἱερα Δακρυα ii. xxxii. 257 What mortal is so brutishly hardy, as having no fleece or wooll on his back, he would chuse, not to dwell, but do penance in so cold, so Scottish a climate.
1763 ‘North Briton’ Let. to Author of North Briton 13 The sons of violence who wasted France and England..were defeated by Scottish bravery, but butchered by English contrivance.
1776 C. Burney Gen. Hist. Music I. 41 The Chinese scale, take it which way we will, is certainly very Scottish.
1821 W. Scott Pirate I. iv. 67 Clinkscale had at least as great a share of Scottish pride as of Scottish parsimony.
1837 J. F. Cooper Recoll. Europe I. xii. 191 Sir Walter Scott's..features and countenance were very Scottish, with the short thick nose, heavy lips, and massive cheeks.
1892 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Dec. 863/2 Golf, which once was so Scottish and so strictly national, has now come to be the fashion everywhere.
1912 J. H. Millar Sc. Prose ii. 63 There is nothing of the Scots idiom in his [sc. William Drummond's] diction, nor is there anything characteristically Scottish in his vocabulary.
1971 Writing for B.B.C. 65 Plays intended for networking..should not be so Scottish that they cannot be readily understood by listeners in the other parts of the British Isles.
2001 Toronto Sun (Nexis) 8 Sept. 14 The Scottish friendliness, grace, wit and humour is still alive and well.
4. With reference to language and literature: = Scots adj. 3; (later more generally) spoken or written in Scotland or by its people.
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the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [adjective] > Indo-European > Germanic > English > of varieties of English > Scottish English
Scots1533
Scottish1559
Scotch1633
Scotic1647
Lowland Scots1724
lowland1752
Lallan1786
1559 in J. Beveridge & G. Donaldson Reg. Secreti Sigilli Regum Scotorum (1957) V. i. 143/2 Sevin breve taiblis for the commodius expeditioun of thame that are desirous to reid and write the Scottish toung.
a1572 J. Knox Hist. Reformation Scotl. in Wks. (1846) I. 64 Kennedy..one of excellent injyne in Scotish poesye.
1587 W. Harrison Hist. Descr. Iland Brit. (new ed.) i. vii. 14/2 in Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) I Howbeit in our time the Scottish language endeuoreth to come neere, if not altogither to match our toong in finenesse of phrase, and copie of words, and this may in part appeare by an historie of the Apocripha translated into Scottish verse by Hudson.
a1639 H. Wotton Reliquiæ Wottonianæ (1651) 488 You have left in him illos aculeos which you doe in all that (after the Scotish phrase) get but a gripe of you.
1651 A. Weldon Court & Char. King James (new ed.) 107 Loveston replies, He is quiet (which in the Scotish dialect is fast asleep).
1748 S. Richardson Clarissa VI. xxix. 95 When I have least to narrate, to speak in the Scotish phrase, I am most diverting.
1780 Mirror No. 83 The Scottish dialect is our ordinary suit; the English is used only on solemn occasions.
1820 W. Scott Monastery II. ix. 269 To assist his companion to cross the black intervals of quaking bog, called in the Scottish dialect hags, by which the firmer parts of the morass were intersected.
1862 Chambers's Encycl. IV. 66/1 Gavin Douglas (died 1522), whose best work is a translation of Virgil's Æneid into Scottish verse.
1895 J. Mackintosh Hist. Civilisation in Scotl. (new ed.) III. xxxi. 353 The Lowland Scottish ballad literature embraces a wide and rich field.
1900 W. Dickinson & E. W. Prevost Gloss. Dial. Cumberland 213/2 Merse, the grassy beach of the sea or river. A Scottish word in use at Rocliffe.
1931 W. A. Craigie (title) A dictionary of the older Scottish tongue. Part 1.
1947 D. Young Plastic Scots 3 It is convenient to have some term of distinction for that part of Scottish literature which is written in Braid Scots or Anglic.
1980 Amer. Speech 1976 51 235 The second map..shows the boundaries of twelve dialect areas and subareas of Scottish English.
2008 Sunday Mail (Glasgow) (Nexis) 3 Aug. 22 Catherine Zeta Jones has spent so long listening to Scottish patter on her iPod you would think she is trying out for a part in River City.
5. Designating the law of Scotland; of, relating to, or according to that body of law. See Scots adj. 4.
ΚΠ
1591 J. Harington tr. L. Ariosto Orlando Furioso v. xlvi. 28/2 The Scottish law that breedeth all this strife, Appoints that [etc.].
1639 T. Fuller Hist. Holy Warre v. xxiii. 268 Take the Scottish law in its pure naturals.
1692 G. Rule Vindic. Presbyterians Scotl. 28 A Confession..made..privately to the then Lord Chancellor, upon promise of his Life, which the Scottish Law allows no Man to be Condemn'd for.
1726 (title) Minor Practicks, or, a Treatise of the Scottish Law. Composed by..Sir Thomas Hope..Advocate to His Majesty King Charles I.
1771 Petition A. P. Miller to Lords of Council & Session 14 Feb. 5 There are, perhaps, lawyers here, who will be as candid with regard to some things in the Scottish code.
1792 J. Martin Inq. State Legal & Judicial Polity Scotl. vii. 76 The Act is evidently drawn by a Scottish Lawyer.
1826 W. Scott Jrnl. 9 June (1939) 184 The consequence will in time be, that the Scottish Supreme Court will be in effect situated in London. Then down fall—as national objects of respect and veneration—the Scottish Bench, the Scottish Bar, the Scottish Law herself.
1852 Dublin Univ. Mag. May 632/1 Lord Cockburn claims for the Scottish system of law, praise which he would deny to that of England.
1910 Times 1 Mar. 3/6 He thoroughly agreed with the Scottish law [of divorce], though he took exception to the period of four years' desertion.
1959 DePaul Law Rev. 8 351 Forum non conveniens..was a term used by Scottish trial courts in applying a settled rule of refusal to hear cases.
1999 Birmingham Post (Nexis) 8 Feb. 14 The Scottish legal system will probably be more tenacious in its retention of Latin bearing in mind Roman and civilian influences which have affected the development of Scottish law.
6. Designating plants and animals native to, originating in, or associated with Scotland. Cf. Scotch adj. 3, Scots adj. 7.See also Compounds 4.
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the world > life > biology > balance of nature > distribution > [adjective] > plants or animals of a particular region
Scottish1597
wild life1936
1597 J. Gerard Herball ii. cdxcii. 1044 Others carrying their fruit in the tops of the branches, are esteemed and taken for Scottish Peason, which is not very common.
1763 Beauties of all Mag. Sel. II. 151/2 Your patriot moments will be passed under the shade of your Scottish Fir.
1793 J. Sinclair Statist. Acct. Scotl. VI. liv. 545 Timber is scarce, and consequently dear; the Scottish pine does not thrive so well as the oak, ash, and beech.
1835 Paxton's Hort. Reg. July 277 Savoys, Brussels sprouts, and the several sorts of Scottish kale or borecole.—Full crops of these should now be put in for winter use.
1898 L. Deas Flower Favourites 15 To the wild, prickly, Burnet-leaved rose..we owe the garden varieties of the elegant Scottish rose, with its delicate, fragrant yellow blooms.
1909 S. A. R. Pryor My Day 74 We would pass through the straggling bushes of Scottish broom which bordered the road—planted originally by Mr. Jefferson himself.
1965 T. Holme Carlyles at Home ii. 23 She hoped that the sight of Scottish heather in the Chelsea garden would be cheering to Anne.
1999 L. Rennison Angus, Thongs & Full-frontal Snogging 10 The Scottish landlady did say she thought he was probably a mixed breed, half domestic tabby and half Scottish wildcat.
7. Military.
a. = Scots adj. 6a. Frequently in the names of specific companies and regiments, esp. as Scottish Brigade. Now historical.
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society > armed hostility > warriors collectively > band of mercenaries > [noun] > specific
Scots Brigadec1600
Scottish Guard1629
Scottish1632
Scotch1637
Scots Dutch1893
1632 Famous Victorie Leipsich 13 in Swedish Discipline Immediately behinde it (for the greater strength) are there three Divisions of Scottish Muskettiers placed.
1759 W. Harte Hist. Life Gustavus Adolphus II. 10 The king..began to feel a second uneasiness for the brave Scottish brigade left in Oxenford.
1797 R. Heron Scotl. Described 76 Hepburn, who commanded the gallant Scottish Brigade, in the service of the great Gustavus Adolphus, went from the shire of Haddington.
1836 J. Mackay Life Lieut.-Gen. Hugh Mackay 10 In 1650, the second Prince of Orange... The army henceforth, was neglected, and the discipline of the Scottish brigade in particular, generally relaxed.
1896 Notes & Queries 21 Nov. 413/1 The following list of soldiers in the Dutch Scottish Brigade.
1913 H. W. Van Loon Fall of Dutch Republic 184 The King of England, through the English minister in the Hague, had requested the loan of the Scottish brigade to be used in the war with the American colonists.
2004 M. Glozier Sc. Soldiers in France in Reign of Sun King ii. 43 Two Scottish regiments continued to operate in France, and they were the regiment de Douglas and the regiment first raised in 1642 by the Earl of Irvine, which came to be called the ‘garde écossais’.
b. = Scots adj. 6b. Also: designating a similar regiment in a Commonwealth army. Frequently in the names of such regiments, as Scottish Rifles, Scottish Borderers, etc. Cf. Scotch adj. 1b.
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society > armed hostility > armed forces > the Army > unit of army > named companies, regiments, etc. > [noun] > British
Ulsters1649
Scots Guardsa1675
fusilier1680
guards1682
Scots Dragoons1689
Scots Fusiliers1689
Inniskilling1715
Scots Greys1728
blue1737
Black Watch1739
Oxford blues1766
green linnets1793
Grenadiers1800
slashers1802
the Buffs1806
tartan1817
Gay Gordons1823
cheesemongers1824
Green Jacket1824
The Bays1837
RHA1837
dirty half-hundred1841
die-hard1844
lifeguard1849
cherry-picker1865
lancer-regiment1868
cheeses1877
Territorial Regiment1877
the Sweeps1879
dirty shirts1887
Scottish Rifles1888
shiner1891
Yorkshire1898
imperials1899
Irish guards1902
Hampshires1904
BEF1914
Old Contemptibles1915
contemptibles1917
Tank Corps1917
the Tins1918
skins1928
pioneer corps1939
red devils1943
Blues and Royals1968
U.D.R.1969
1710 Just now arriv'd Brit. Packet 23 May (single sheet) The Beseiged made another Sally upon the Left Attack but the Scottish Regiment of Preston..received them so warmly, that they retired in great Confusion.
1838 Morning Chron. 29 June The Duke of Buccleuch..carried his gold stick of office as Captain-General of the Royal Scottish Archers.
1859 Era 18 Sept. 10/2 A very useful handbook for the guidance of every volunteer who enters the Scottish Rifles.
1861 Ann. Reg. 1860 Chron. 135/1 Her Majesty graciously intimated her desire to review the Scottish Riflemen when she should next journey northward to Balmoral.
1888 J. H. Lawrence-Archer Brit. Army 240 The King's Own Scottish Borderers.
1918 A. Conan Doyle Brit. Campaign France & Flanders 1916 vii. 166 At 2 a.m. of July 20 the two advance battalions of stormers, the 5th Scottish Rifles on the right, the 1st Scottish Rifles upon the left, were formed up in open ground outside the British wire.
1920 J. C. Hopkins Canad. Ann. Rev. Public Affiars 1919 51 Toronto,..on May 6th cheered its 16th (Canadian Scottish) Battalion.
1968 Times 16 May 14/7 The Cameronians (Scottish Rifles) were disbanded on Tuesday at a ceremony at Douglas, Lanarkshire.
2004 Jrnl. (Newcastle) (Nexis) 30 Dec. 6 The King's Own Scottish Borderers will now be merged with the Royal Scots.
B. n.
†1. (Originally) the Irish language spoken by the Scots (Scot n.1 1); (later) this language as spoken in medieval Scotland. Cf. Scots n. 2. Later also: Scottish Gaelic. Obsolete.
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the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [noun] > Indo-European > Celtic > Goidelic > Scottish
ScottisheOE
Scotsa1500
Irish1508
Erse?a1513
Scotch1612
Gaelic1652
Scots Gaelic1753
Scotch Gaelic1763
Scottish Gaelic1800
eOE tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (Tanner) iii. ii. 158 Oft fægre wæfersyne gelomp, þæt [read þa] se biscop [sc. Aidan of Lindisfarne] codcunde lare lærde se ðe Englisc fullice ne cuðe, þæt he se cyning seolfa, se ðe Scyttisc [L. linguam Scottorum] fullice geleornad hæfde, his aldormonnum & his þegnum þære heofonlecan lare wæs walhstod geworden.
eOE tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (Tanner) iv. iv. 272 He [sc. Colman] gewat to sumum medmiclum ealonde þæt is feor ascaden from Hibernia to westdæle; is in Scyttisc [L. sermone Scottico] genemned Inisbofinde, þæt is ealond hwitre heahfore.
OE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Tiber. B.iv) Introd. Her synd on þam iglande fif geþeodu, Ænglisc, Brytwylsc, Scottysc [lOE Laud Scyttisc], Pihttisc & Boclæden.
a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1874) V. 455 (MED) Þe bisshop [sc. Aidan of Lindisfarne] preched in Scottische [L. Scotice], and þe kyng told forþ an Englissche to þe peple what it was to menynge.
1565 T. Stapleton tr. Bede Hist. Church Eng. iii. iii. f. 78v Whereas the bishop [sc. Aidan of Lindisfarne] was vnskillfull of the English tonge, and the kinge by reason of his longe banishement in Scotland, vnderstood and spake the scottish very well, when the bishop preached the faith of Christ, the king was interpreter.
1612 M. Drayton Poly-olbion i. 20 Take largest etymologicall liberty, and you may haue it from Ellan-ban .i. the white Isle, in Scottish,..the name of Britaine from Brith-inis .i. the coloured Isle in Welsh.
1707 E. Lhuyd Archæologia Britannica Pref. p. i There being no Vocabulary extant of the Irish (or Ancient Scotish).
2. With plural agreement. Usually with the. Scottish people, soldiers, etc., considered collectively.The plural of Scot (see Scot n.1 2) is now more usual in this sense.
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the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > British nation > Scots nation > [noun]
Scotledec1275
Scot-thedec1275
Scottisha1350
Scotryc1475
Scotch1603
a1350 ( in R. H. Robbins Hist. Poems 14th & 15th Cent. (1959) 20 (MED) Forte wyte wel þe body & scottysh to gaste, foure ant tuenti þer beoþ.
1564 Abp. M. Parker Let. 3 June in Corr. (1853) (modernized text) 215 Charging the Genevians and the Scottish of going too far in extremities.
1632 Swedish Intelligencer ii. 13 The Scottish have hitherto had the honour and the danger, to be the first men that are put upon such a businesse.
1650 W. Basill Declar. Irish Armie in Ulster 3 It is to bee feared, ere long none of the Scottish will bee suffered,..to inhabit in any part of this Province, bordering on their native Kingdom of Scotland.
1721 J. Kelly Compl. Coll. Scotish Prov. 397 What the English call a Catch, the Scotish call a Port; as Carnagies Port, Port Arlington, Port Athol, &c.
1814 W. Scott Waverley I. xviii. 281 The large measure which the Scottish allowed of their land. View more context for this quotation
1831 W. Scott Castle Dangerous xiii, in Tales of my Landlord 4th Ser. IV. 321 The necessary conditions were speedily agreed on, which put the Scottish in possession of this stronghold.
1897 Sc. Law Rev. Aug. 209 He was extremely glad to find that the stronger common-sense which always characterised the Scottish would not be lost sight of in this bill.
1907 Univ. Rev. Mar. 462 No people, least of all the Scottish, could ever become enthusiastic at the thought of promoting luxury, if it were meant only for the few.
1995 R. Reichenfeld & A. M. Bruechert Snowboarding v. 99 The Scottish are famous for their hospitality.
3. A variety of English used in Scotland.Originally and chiefly used to refer to Scots (often viewed as a distinct language: see Scots n. 1), but now also applied to varieties of Scottish English, such as Scottish Standard English.
ΚΠ
1570 R. Sempill (title) The tragical end and death of the Lord Iames Regent of Scotland, lately set forth in Scottish, and printed at Edinburgh.
1578 J. Florio Firste Fruites f. 11v Shee [sc. Elizabeth I] speaketh Greeke, Latine, Italian, French, Spanish, Scottish, Flemish, and English: al these tongues shee speaketh very wel, and eloquent.
1590 J. Davidson D. Bancrofts Rashnes sig. A6 Which wordes vttered in Scottish after this sorte, if the Chaplaine shall goe about to misconstrue,..his M. hath faithfully promised to giue him such a categoricke, and simple answer by a plain lie in round english.
1637 R. Baillie Lett. & Jrnls. (1841) I. 14 Cause Angous and Rothus..to speik plaine Scottish to my Lord Duke of Lennox.
1678 J. Ray Coll. Eng. Prov. (ed. 2) 95 A kindly Aver will never make a good horse. This is a Scottish Proverb quoted by K. James in his Basilicon Doron. It seems the word Aver in Scottish signifies a colt.
1755–73 S. Johnson Dict. Eng. Lang. Drotchel, an idle wench; a sluggard. In Scottish it is still used.
1759 W. Robertson Hist. Scotl. in Wks. (1852) 273/1 The letters were very early translated into Scottish.
1817 W. Scott Rob Roy III. viii. 244 Nor was there the least tincture of that vulgarity, which we naturally attach to the Lowland Scottish.
1886 Encycl. Brit. XXI. 541/2 Bellenden also translated the first five books of Livy into Scottish.
1909 I. F. Williams Phonetics for Sc. Students x. 47 This hollowing makes the English l much darker than the French l... In Scottish the hollowing is much more considerable than in English, and the l still ‘darker’.
1957 G. Highet Talents & Geniuses 206 A few deprecatory words are preserved only in Scottish... One is shilpit, which is ‘frail’.
2007 J. Brownjohn tr. A. Muhlstein Elizabeth I & Mary Stuart 64 She [sc. Mary Stuart] continued to speak Scottish with her Maries, her nursemaid and her governess, the beautiful Lady Fleming.

Compounds

C1. With nouns and adjectives designating a native or inhabitant of the country specified who is of Scottish origin or descent, as Scottish-American, Scottish-Canadian, etc.
ΚΠ
1837 Evangelical Mag. 16 June 191/1 Our Scottish Canadian brethren.
1864 T. L. Nichols Forty Yrs. Amer. Life. I. xii. 138 Colonel M'Nab, an energetic Scottish Canadian.
1873 T. L. Cuyler Cedar Christian (new ed.) 202 We thank, too, those loyal Scottish-Americans the Carter Brothers.
1887 Sunday Inter Ocean (Chicago) 3 July ii. 1/6 She is a daughter of ‘Archie’ Cleghorn, a Scottish Australian.
1905 W. James in McClure's Mag. May 3/1 I wish to pay my tribute to the memory of a Scottish-American friend of mine who died five years ago.
1918 A. K. Yapp Romance of Red Triangle vi. 71 One Scottish-New Zealander, whose father is a well-known seed merchant in Edinburgh.
1921 New Internat. Year Bk. 1920 657/2 Stuart, Sir Thomas Anderson. Scottish-Australian physiologist, died February 28.
1940 J. Buchan Canad. Occasions (1969) 44 Scottish Canadians can do a very great deal to preserve the Scottish idiom in literature and in life.
1976 Bennington (Vermont) Banner 1 Sept. 6/4 The presentation of a ‘portrait mural’ of President Dwight D. Eisenhower to the University of St. Andrews on behalf of 30 million Scottish Americans.
1996 D. A. Bruce Mark of Scots (1998) iv. 92 By 1861 there were thirty thousand Scottish-New Zealanders, most of them at Otago and Waipu.
2007 Hornsby & Upper North Shore Advocate (Austral.) 1 Feb. 20 Martin Dando of St Ives, a Scottish South African, said he ‘loved’ Australia because there were no ‘airs and graces’.
2009 Sunday Tel. (Nexis) 2 Aug. 27 David Byrne, the Scottish-American musician, turns the Roundhouse in London into an organ.
C2. With participial adjectives and parasynthetic.
Scottish-based adj.
ΚΠ
1944 Blackwood's Mag. Apr. 300/1 Our Scottish-based aerodrome.
2000 Caterer & Hotelkeeper 25 May 65/2 The mostly Scottish-based guests were treated to a five-course menu.
Scottish-born adj.
ΚΠ
1810 J. Kennedy Glenochel 41 Th' intrepid, trusty train Of patriot heroes, Scottish born.
1909 H. B. Woolston Study Population Manhattanville 71 Perhaps 250 persons in our neighborhood are of Scottish-born parentage.
2007 Guardian (Nexis) 19 Oct. 5 (heading) Scottish-born star of Hollywood's golden age.
Scottish-built adj.
ΚΠ
1799 J. Bruce Rep. Events & Circumstances Union Kingdoms Eng. & Scotl. 187 Aliens' duty was not to be laid on..fish..imported, directly from Scotland, in Scottish built ships, whereof the master, and three-fourths of the mariners were of his Majesty's subjects.
1839 Times 13 Sept. 8/1 A match was made between an hon. baronet of this neighbourhood and an English gentleman to row a Scottish-built gig..against a similar vessel of London manufacture.
1924 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 2 Feb. 212/1 Scottish-built cars are much to the fore.
2005 I. G. C. Hutchison in J. Wormald Scotland vii. 178 Scottish-built rolling stock was to be found throughout the world.
† Scottish-hearted adj. Obsolete
ΚΠ
1641 W. Prynne Antipathie sig. ¶¶v Hee hath reviled divers ministers calling them..Traytors, Dogges, Scottish-hearted-Raskals, and the like, for teaching Orthodox Doctrine.
1818 W. Scott Heart of Mid-Lothian vi, in Tales of my Landlord 2nd Ser. II. 160 Walking hand in hand with the real noble Scottish-hearted barons.
1891 Boston Sunday Globe 19 Apr. 12/7 The first mistake of Blaine's was to antagonize the Scottish hearted Conkling.
Scottish-made adj.
ΚΠ
1865 F. B. Palliser Hist. Lace xxxiii. 397 This Act, dated 1621, is the first mention we have found of Scottish-made lace.
1927 Times 24 Sept. 7/4 There is a steady demand for Scottish-made tweeds.
2008 Scotsman (Nexis) 25 Nov. (S.W. ed.) 4 It's a good idea to go to a one-off sort of place such as this—where all our stock is Scottish-made.
C3.
† Scottish-bait n. Obsolete rare = Scotch bait n. at Scotch adj. and n.3 Compounds 2.
ΚΠ
a1661 T. Fuller Principality of Wales in Hist. Worthies of Eng. (1662) 7 It is the custome of the Welsh travailers, when they have climed up a hill..to rain their horses backward, and stand still a while... This they call a bait, and..such a stop doth (though not feed) refresh. Others call this a Scotish-bait.
Scottish Baronial adj. and n. (also with lower-case initial in the second element) (a) adj. (originally) designating the castle-like style of the residences of the medieval and Renaissance Scottish nobility; (now chiefly) designating the mid 19th-cent. revival of this style, characterized by highly decorated buildings typically incorporating turrets, castellations, and conical roofs; of or characteristic of this; (b) n. this style of architecture; a building in this style.One of the earliest examples of this revival was Sir Walter Scott's Abbotsford House, completed in 1824. Many later architects were influenced by William Billing's Baronial & Eccl. Antiq. of Scotl (1845–52 ).
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > architecture > style of architecture > [adjective] > other styles
florida1706
massive1723
rounded1757
round-arched1782
castellar1789
baronial1807
rational1813
English colonial1817
massy1817
transitional1817
Scottish Baronial1829
rococo1830
flamboyant1832
Scotch Baronial1833
Churrigueresque1845
Russo-Byzantine1845
soaring1849
trenchant1849
vernacular1857
Scots Baronial1864
baroque1867
Perp.1867
rayonnant1873
Dutch colonial1876
Neo-Grec1878
rococoesque1885
Richardsonian1887
federal1894
organic1896
confectionery1897
European-style1907
postmodern1916
Lutyens1921
modern1927
moderne1928
functionalist1930
Williamsburg1931
Colonial Revival1934
packing case1935
Corbusian1936
lavatorial1936
pseudish1938
Adamesque1942
rationalist1952
Miesian1956
open-planned1958
Lutyensesque1961
façade1962
Odeon1964
high-tech1979
Populuxe1986
1829 J. Skene Series of Sketches Existing Localities Waverley Novels 98 Although partially modernized, the characteristic features are still predominant, which distinguish the Scottish baronial residence of some two hundred years date.
1854 J. Fraser Hand Bk. for Travellers in Irel. 284 The seat of the Misses Gascoigne, where a handsome castle, in the Scottish baronial style, has lately been built.
1898 D. Patrick & F. H. Groome Chambers's Biogr. Dict. 146/1 An Edinburgh architect, whose specialty was ‘Scottish Baronial’.
1956 L. E. Jones Edwardian Youth iv. 87 The newly-built Scottish Baronial building which contains the Main Gateway [of Balliol College, Oxford].
1991 Manch. Guardian Weekly (Nexis) 6 Oct. 25 The Scottish Baronial would not fail to have a tweed-clad Laird with shot-gun and dram, and the Byzantine church would have a bearded Orthodox priest on a donkey.
2003 I. Banks Raw Spirit (2004) ix. 193 The bridges, viaducts and tunnel facings have had Scottish Baronial detailing lavished on them.
Scottish cap n. any of various caps originating in or characteristic of Scotland; esp. = Scotch cap n. 1.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > headgear > [noun] > cap > types of > made from specific material > woollen
Scottish cap1553
blue bonnet1568
blue capa1586
Scotch cap1591
statute cap1598
Monmouth1638
Scotch bonnet1641
Highland bonnet1724
Welsh wig1797
scone1820
glengarry1841
beret1850
Balmoral1857
tam-o'-shanter1884
toboggan cap1886
tammy1894
tam1895
toboggan1907
tam1972
1553 in Royal Engin. Jrnl. 3 Mar. (1910) 174 Euery souldiour to have Jackes covered wth fustian & Skullis with Scotishe cappes.
1661 J. Phillips Wit & Drollery (new ed.) sig. N4 'Tis not France that looks so smug Old fashions still renewing, It is not the Spanish shrug, Scotish Cap, or Irish rug.
1814 Edinb. Ann. Reg. 1812 5 16/2 Mantle of dark Clarence blue Merino cloth..; Scottish cap of the same, with a trimming of swansdown next the face.
1905 Caledonian Apr. 14/2 The little lad had to take off his velvet Scottish cap.
2001 G. L. Bunker From Rail-splitter to Icon iv. 91 Dressing the president-elect in the simple disguise of a jaunty Scottish cap and long cloak.
Scottish Chaucerian n. Literary Criticism (a name given to) any of a number of 15th- and early 16th-cent. Scottish poets influenced by the work of Geoffrey Chaucer.The term has become less commonly used in recent years, primarily because of a desire to celebrate the Scottish character and origins of these poets. The influence of Chaucer is seen as one of many contributing influences on their work, including pre-existing Scottish models. Most scholars now prefer the term makar (cf. maker n. 5).
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > literature > poetry > poet > school of poets or poetic movement > [noun] > poets of specific schools
bardist1588
laker1814
Lakist1822
Parnassian1872
Scottish Chauceriana1883
metaphysical1887
symbolist1888
imagist1912
Acmeist1913
unanimist1915
simultaneist1923
symboliste1925
ultraist1931
spatialist1934
beat poet1955
Black Mountaineer1965
a1883 J. M. Ross Sc. Hist. & Lit. (1884) v. 197 For the rose gardens, the parks of pleasance, the meadow dances,..are all borrowed from the romance poets of the south, or from their English disciples... This holds true of all the Scottish Chaucerians.
1902 G. G. Smith Specimens of Middle Scots p. xlv To say this of the ‘Scottish Chaucerians’ is almost a platitude.
1952 A. K. Moore Secular Lyric in Middle Eng. in Rev. Eng. Stud. 12 380 The conventional portrait of him [sc. William Dunbar] as a Scottish Chaucerian is unfortunate in that it tends to obscure his original lyrical talent.
1986 W. Brevda H. Kemp vii. 109 Borrowing a copy of the Scottish Chaucerian Robert Henryson's ‘Testament of Cresseid’.
2007 W. Calin Twentieth-cent. Humanist Critics vi. 89 The only genuinely good literature from the early period was composed in Scotland by the Scottish Chaucerians (today we call them the Makars).
Scottish country dance n. any of various traditional Scottish dances, as a jig, reel, or strathspey (strathspey n.), esp. one in which a number of couples follow a designated figure or pattern using choreographed steps, so that the leading couple return to the head of the formation at the end of the sequence; an event at which such dancing takes place; (also, as a mass noun) this type of dancing as a genre.
ΚΠ
1807 R. Heron Comforts Human Life iv. 119 I love the Scottish Country-Dance and Reel, the English Hornpipe, the French Minuet and Cotillon, the German Walse [etc.].
1872 C. Davies Recoll. Society in France & Eng. II. v. 102 More amazing still to the uninitiated were the Scottish country dances, and particularly the reel, with its rapid steps.
1949 Lubbock (Texas) Evening Jrnl. 6 Dec. 10/2 The City of Dundee's first Scottish country dance attracted 1,500 people.
1957 Rotarian May 35/1 In the evening they sang songs for us and we all danced Scottish country dances. They're a lot like our square dances.
1976 Sun (Lowell, Mass.) 21 Jan. 30/2 Lessons in Highland dance, Scottish country dance, beginning and intermediate ballet.
2002 Denver Post (Nexis) 1 Sept. (Travel section) 1 You'll learn the difference between the ritual of the English Morris dance.., the circle and square Irish Ceili (party) dances, and the jigs and reels of Scottish country dances.
Scottish country dancing n. the action or practice of performing a Scottish country dance; this style of dancing as a genre.
ΚΠ
1926 Musical Times June 553/2 The adjudicators were..: Miss Jean Milligan (Scottish country dancing).
1952 Jrnl. Eng. Folk Dance & Song Soc. 7 33 The chassé is the step used today as a travelling step in Scottish country dancing in reel tempo.
2005 G. M. Berardi Finding Balance ii. 34 Tight calf muscles owing to extensive work on half-toe in ballet, Scottish country dancing, and Flamenco.
Scottish dancing n. = Scottish country dancing n.
ΚΠ
1808 W. Scott in J. Dryden Wks. X. Notes 452 When..Scottish dancing was not so fashionable as at present.
1955 Washington Post 24 Nov. 23/3 Henderson also teaches Scottish dancing one night a week to lads and bonnie lassies who want to learn the pattern dances.
2008 V. Henley Decadent Duke 84 The Scottish dancing began at ten o'clock sharp. To honor the Gordons..Gow played a strathspey that the duke himself had written.
† Scottish earth n. Mineralogy Obsolete rare = strontia n. [Apparently so called on account of the original discovery of the strontium in Scotland (see strontian n.); compare strontian earth at strontian n.]
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > carbonates > [noun] > orthorhombic > strontianite
strontian earth1789
Scottish earth1794
strontianite1794
strontianic earth1811
stromnite1819
1794 R. Kirwan Elements Mineral. (ed. 2) I. 5 The earth..is then called lime, or common or calcareous lime, to distinguish it from other earths, which also form limes, when free from all combinations, viz. the Barytic and Scottish earths.
† scottish fleas n. Obsolete rare syphilis.
ΚΠ
1620 J. Taylor Praise of Hemp-seed 7 Many a gallant..Hath got the Spanish pip,..or the Scottish fleas, Or English Pox, for al's but one disease.
Scottish-French n. the French language as spoken by Scots.Chiefly with reference to the period of the Auld Alliance (auld alliance n.).
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [noun] > Indo-European > postulated Italo-Celtic > Romance > French > varieties of
Gascon1642
Walloon1642
langue d'oïla1682
Limousin1706
Picard1758
Scottish-French1789
Negro-French1819
Poitevin1845
Acadian French1850
Anglo-French1862
Swiss-French1941
Québécois1952
Lyonnais1955
Norman French1990
1789 J. Pinkerton Ess. Medals (new ed.) II. 114 On the borders of the canopy, above the throne, is an inscription in Gothic letter, in me deffen, being Scotish French for ‘In my defence’, a common motto on the Scotish arms.
1823 W. Scott Quentin Durward I. v. 99 The well-known sound of the Scottish-French was as familiar in the taverns near Plessis, as that of the Swiss-French in the modern guinguettes of Paris.
1883 Antiquary Aug. 61/2 Among these billion pieces the bawbee (corrupted from bas piéce, in Scottish French) was the longest remembered.
1979 D. Gray R. Henryson i. 5 In this work, an example of the very popular ‘Testament’ form, written in a kind of Scottish-French, a dying archer makes his last will.
Scottish Gael n. [compare earlier Scotch Gael n. at Scotch adj. and n.3 Compounds 2 and Irish Gael n. at Irish adj. and n. Compounds 3] speakers of Scottish Gaelic, considered collectively; (also, as a count noun) a speaker of Scottish Gaelic; cf. earlier Scotch Gael n. at Scotch adj. and n.3 Compounds 2.
ΚΠ
1800 Edinb. Mag. Aug. 90/2 His unexampled arrogance in vilifying the Irish nation, of which the Scottish Gael is only a colony.
1818 J. G. Lockhart tr. F. Schlegel Lect. Hist. Lit. I. vi. 267 The knowledge of it [sc. Ossianic poetry] was at all times confined to the small circle of the Scottish Gaels.
1829 Q. Rev. 41 155 The indigenous Irish, the Cambro-Britons of Wales, or the Scottish Gael, or Highlanders.
1908 W. A. Craigie in Old Highlands 133 It was the literature that the Scottish Gael had enjoyed in common with their Irish kith and kin.
2000 Scotl. on Sunday (Nexis) 17 Sept. 19 The present anxiety of some Scottish Gaels about the future of their language is understandable.
Scottish Guard n. [in sense (a) after French garde écossaise (see Scots Guard n.)] Military (a) = Scots Guard n. 1 (now historical); (b) (in plural) = Scots Guard n. 2.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > warriors collectively > band of mercenaries > [noun] > specific
Scots Brigadec1600
Scottish Guard1629
Scottish1632
Scotch1637
Scots Dutch1893
1629 J. Reynolds tr. L. de Marandé Iudgm. Humane Actions v. vi. 223 Hee cannot defend himselfe from suspitions, feares, distrusts, because there is no Scottish Guard [Fr. garde Escossoise], how faithfull or vigilant so euer they can be, which can defend him from the blowes of his Enemies.
1757 T. Smollett Compl. Hist. Eng. III. vii. iii. 487 He dispatched Monmouth with some troops of English cavalry to Scotland. These being joined by the Scottish guards..marched against the insurgents.
1823 W. Scott Quentin Durward I. v. 96 With these followers, and a corresponding equipage, an Archer of the Scottish Guard was a person of quality and importance.
1835 Penny Mag. 7 Mar. 91/1 The youth..enlisted, about the year 1671, in the regiment of the Cameronians, but was afterwards draughted into the Scottish Guards.
1924 Eng. Hist. Rev. 39 128 The Scottish Guards in French service of which [Sir Robert] Moray was lieutenant-colonel.
2009 Wilts. Gaz. & Herald (Nexis) 26 June Former lance sergeant James Archer, 58, who served with the 2nd Battalion Scottish Guards.
Scottish mist n. = Scotch mist n. 1.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > cloud > mist > [noun] > very wet mist
Scottish mist1589
Scotch mist1639
Scots mist1648
dag-
1589 Pappe w. Hatchet Ded., in Lyly's Wks. (1902) III. 394 We care not for a Scottish mist, though it wet vs to the skin.
a1680 T. Shipman Carolina (1683) 4 This Scottish Mist wets all of us to th' skin; Some are so rain'd on they are dous'd within.
1809 Ld. Byron Eng. Bards & Sc. Reviewers 526 The kilted goddess kissed Her son, and vanish'd in a Scottish mist.
1884 J. C. Brown Forestry in Norway viii. 77 Dry as is a London fog, a Scottish mist is a connecting link between this and the drizzling rain.
1999 D. Jaeckle in T. J. Summers & T. Pennyworth Eng. Civil Wars in Lit. Imagination 78 Forcing fair weather from a Scottish mist is no easy task even for a king.
Scottish National Party n. a political party dedicated to representing the interests of the people of Scotland, and especially to seeking autonomy for Scotland; (now) spec. a political party formed in 1934 by the amalgamation of the National Party of Scotland and the Scottish Party, which advocates independence from the United Kingdom (abbreviated SNP); cf. Scottish nationalist adj.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > rule or government > politics > British politics > British party politics > [noun] > nationalist parties
Scottish National Party1846
Scottish nationalist1850
Welsh Nationalist Party1886
Plaid1928
Scottish Nationalist Party1928
S.N.P.1935
Plaid Cymru1949
Mebyon Kernow1962
Mec Vannin1966
1846 Freeman's Jrnl. (Dublin) 20 Jan. In Scotland, only separated from England by an imaginary line, a Scottish national party exists.
1896 Glasgow Herald 27 July 9/4 The more they studied Burns the more they would be convinced that there was only one party for Scotland, and that was a Scottish National Party.
1934 Times 26 Feb. 16/5 Resolutions were unanimously passed at a conference of the National Party of Scotland in Glasgow approving of a union with the Scottish Party, subject to that Party's agreement, the united parties to be called the Scottish National Party.
1973 Scotsman 12 Jan. 9/2 Mr. Douglas Drysdale, a former vice-chairman of the Scottish National Party, has been appointed..for liaison among other nationalist bodies in Scotland.
2007 Irish Times 5 May 11 The Scottish National Party was celebrating a historic victory last night, after edging ahead of Labour by just one seat to become the largest party in the new parliament at Holyrood.
Scottish Office n. the department of the British Government responsible for Scottish affairs; the building in Whitehall, London (later also Edinburgh), housing this; the civil servants working in this department, considered collectively.In quot. 1883: this proposed department.The Scottish Office, headed by the Secretary of State for Scotland, was established in 1885. Following the establishment of the Scottish Parliament (in Scottish Gaelic Pàrlamaid na h-Alba) in 1999, most of the functions of the Scottish Office were transferred to the newly established Scottish Executive (now known as the Scottish Government, in Scottish Gaelic Riaghaltas na h-Alba), although a limited number of functions were retained by the newly-formed Scotland Office (in Scottish Gaelic An Oifis Albannach), for which the name ‘Scottish Office’ is still sometimes used.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > a or the government > government department or agency > [noun] > with specific responsibility > English or British
admiralty1459
ordnance1485
Navy Office1660
navy board1681
patent office1696
excise-office1698
Treasury Office1706
Plantation Office1708
stamp office1710
War Office1721
India Office1787
home office1795
Woods, Forests, and Land Revenues1803
the Stamps1820
Welsh Office1852
W.O.1860
Local Government Board1871
pall-mall1880
Scottish Office1883
Ministry of Munitions1915
War House1925
Min of Ag1946
Mintech1967
DOE1972
Manpower Services Commission1973
1883 Glasgow Herald 22 Aug. 7/2 If..it was intended to establish a wholly independent Scottish office, surely it was a matter on which the judgment of both Houses of Parliament was required.
1886 Times 11 Jan. 7/5 A measure which has been drafted in the new Scottish Office for improving the condition of the crofter population with regard to the tenure of land.
1900 G. J. Wheeler Pract. Private Bills iii. 13 A printed copy of every Bill relating to Scotland, must be lodged at the Scottish Office, Whitehall.
1954 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 27 Mar. Suppl. 103/1 The interior reconstruction of the Scottish Office in Edinburgh.
1970 J. P. Mackintosh Govt. & Politics Brit. xii. 164 The Scottish Office..deals with the work of nine English ministries in Scotland leaving the rest of Scottish administration to the remaining UK departments.
1995 Farmers Weekly 31 Mar. 12/4 [He] said the Scottish Office faxed him records of live cattle movements from Scotland to his constituency.
2001 Dunoon Observer & Argyllshire Standard 21 July 16/1 (advt.) Rough Sleepers Initiative is funded by the Scottish Office.
Scottish play n. (with the, a euphemistic name for) William Shakespeare's play Macbeth.According to theatrical superstition Macbeth is believed to be a very unlucky play, and it is now usually considered bad luck to mention the play by name whilst inside a theatre (in the early 20th cent., the taboo seems to have been primarily against quoting the play: see, e.g., W. E. Horton Driftwood of Stage (1904) 94, B. Matthews Vignettes of Manhattan (1921) 319).
ΚΠ
1970 Guardian 25 Sept. 5/4 Insurance for the ‘Scottish play’... Although its manager and producer..says the cover is mainly because of the fights, she claims every production of ‘Macbeth’ she has known has had ill luck in some way.
1986 B. Slade Fatal Attraction ii. iii. 87 Could we get this over with? I'm beginning to feel like one of the witches in the Scottish play.
2008 Independent 30 May (Extra section) 14/1 Employees being as superstitious as actors appearing in ‘the Scottish play’.
Scottish Sea n. (also with lower-case initial in the second element) now historical (a name for) the Firth of Forth, an estuary of the River Forth separating Fife, to the north, from Edinburgh and the Lothians to the south.
ΚΠ
a1200 De situ Albaniae (1973) 242 Illa aqua optima que scottice uocata est Froch, britannice Werid, romane uero Scottewatre..quia regna Scottorum et Anglorum diuidit.]
a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1869) II. 33 (MED) Þe souþ partie of Albania..lith from þe water of Twyde anon to þe Scottische see [L. mare Scoticum].
a1475 J. Shirley Death James (BL Add. 5467) in Miscellanea Scotica (1818) II. 11 Perth, which is clepid Sant Johns towne, which is from Edenbourgh on that other side of the Scottesh See, the which is vulgarly clepid the Water of Lethe.
1573 T. Twyne tr. H. Llwyd Breuiary of Britayne f. 48v The water there which is now called Forthea, was called the Picticum Sea, and afterward the Scottish Sea.
1675 W. Dugdale Baronage Eng. I. 117/2 He advised him to pass the Scotish Sea.
1776 G. Ridpath & P. Ridpath Border-Hist. Eng. & Scotl. 225 The country beyond the Scottish sea, or between the river Forth and the mountains.
1862 W. Anderson Sc. Nation II. 552/2 The Scottish sea, as the Frith of Forth was anciently designated.
1912 Trans. Connecticut Acad. Arts & Sci. 17 329 Scotland proper, north of the Forth or Scottish sea.
2000 R. R. Davies First Eng. Empire (2002) iii. 56 The most obvious boundary in northern Britain was the great moss between Clyde and Forth, the Scottish Sea as it was appropriately named.
Scottish Vocational Qualification n. Education (in Scotland) a graded qualification in a particular occupation, gained chiefly in the workplace (introduced in 1991 as an alternative to further academic education); abbreviated SVQ; cf. National Vocational Qualification n. at Compounds.
ΚΠ
1990 Guardian 12 Nov. 31/3 The Arts and Entertainment Training Council (AETC) will develop National and Scottish Vocational Qualifications for recognition by employers of actors, dancers, musicians, visual artists and creative writers etc.
1991 Access & Opportunity (Scottish Office) Cmnd. 1530. 13 A Training Credit..buys the opportunity to obtain a Scottish Vocational Qualification (SVQ) to level SVQ 2 or above.
2001 Scotsman (Electronic ed.) 24 Jan. The Scottish Vocational Qualification core skill units to be run at Langside over a 12-week period includes problem solving, working with others, spoken communications and improving personal performance.
C4. In the names of plants and animals (sense A. 6).
Scottish asphodel n. a small European subalpine plant, Tofieldia pusilla (family Tofieldiaceae), with greenish-white flowers.
ΚΠ
1677 J. Ray Catal. Plantarum Angliæ (ed. 2) 30 Asphodelus palustris Scoticus minimus. The least Scottish Asphodil. Found about two miles North of Barwick near a small rivulet.
1767 J. Robertson Jrnl. 20 June in D. M. Henderson & J. H. Dickson Naturalist in Highlands (1994) ii. 44 At the head of a valley a little north from Dybdol I found abundance of Anthericum calyculatum/Scottish Asphodel growing by the side of the rills.
1863 M. Plues Rambles in Search of Wild Flowers 292 The Scottish Asphodel (Tofieldia palustris), is the one representative of its family; it grows four or five inches high.
1922 H. S. Salt Call of Wildflower xxi. 153 Here, in the wet gullies, may be found such choice northern plants as the..Scottish asphodel (Tofieldia), a small relative of the common bog-asphodel.
2003 I. G. Simmons Moorlands Eng. & Wales vi. 284 Arctic-alpine plants such as bird's-eye primrose (Primula farinosa) and Scottish asphodel (Tofieldia pusilla) are found in a base-rich flush fed by springs.
Scottish Blackface n. (more fully Scottish Blackface sheep) a breed of hardy, horned, long-woolled sheep, typically having mainly black legs and face, developed in mountain and moorland regions of Scotland and northern England and now widespread in the United Kingdom; a sheep of this breed; also called Scotch Blackface.
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the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > genus Ovus > [noun] > Ovus Aries (domestic sheep) > specific breeds or members of > Scotch Blackface
short-sheep1805
Scotch Blackface1840
Scottish Blackface1899
1794 J. Sinclair Statist. Acct. Scotl. XII. 373 They, in general, have their farms stocked with Scottish black faced sheep.]
1899 Jrnl. Appl. Microsc. 2 458 But were we to treat a sample of mountain sheep wool, or of Scottish black-face, we would find a decided black pigment corresponding, in fact, to the various colors of the hair, or wool in its natural state.
1937 A. Fraser Sheep Farming ii. 22 Only a few years ago I was concerned with the export of Scottish Blackface sheep to Palestine.
1974 Times 23 Feb. 14/2 Several farmers may turn out their Swaledale or Scottish Blackface, Herdwick or Lonk sheep onto one moor.
2007 Spin-off Spring 74/1 If you have roamed the hills of Scotland or northern England, you have undoubtedly seen Scottish Blackface sheep.
Scottish crossbill n. a large-billed crossbill, Loxia scotica, endemic to the pine forests of the Scottish highlands. In 2006 it was confirmed that the Scottish crossbill is distinct from the very similar common crossbill ( L. curvirostra) and parrot crossbill ( L. pytyopsittacus).
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1906 J. A. Harvie-Brown Fauna Tay Basin 65 Formerly I had a large series of Scottish Crossbills, and..every one of the sub-species he has described were represented in the series, including what he has named Loxia curvirostra ‘Scotica.’
1974 W. Condry Woodlands xi. 117 The beak of the Scottish crossbill is especially large—a characteristic of those races of the crossbill which have evolved in pine forests.
2006 Daily Tel. 16 Aug. 7/1 Scientists have ended a long dispute in the ornithological world by proving that the Scottish crossbill is, after all, a distinct species found nowhere else in the world.
Scottish lovage n. = Scotch lovage n. at Scotch adj. and n.3 Compounds 4.
ΚΠ
1783 W. Curtis Catal. Brit. Plants 108/2 Lovage Scotish.
1842 C. W. Johnson Farmer's Encycl. 774/2 The Scottish lovage, or sea parsley (L[igusticum] scoticum), grows on rocks, cliffs, and the sea-coasts of Scotland and the north of England, on a stem a foot high.
1902 Nature 1 May 9/1 Scottish lovage is found on rocks washed by the sea near Portrush.
1996 R. Mabey Flora Britannica 453/1 Lovage is usually just that, not ‘Scottish lovage’. It is also occasionally called sea parsley.
Scottish primrose n. a primrose, Primula scotica, which has purple flowers and grows in northern Scotland.
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1842 C. W. Johnson Farmer's Encycl. 1009/1 Scottish primrose (P[rimula] Scotica). This species is met with occasionally in the north of Scotland, and is near akin to that last described.
1905 H. Pottinger Flood, Fell, & Forest I. x. 227 Surely the delicate fern-like fringe of that turf hummock is Alpine rue, and just beyond are groups of the minute Scottish primrose.
1995 Times 17 July 7/3 The Scottish primrose, Primula scotica..is found at only a few sites on the north coast of Scotland and in the Orkneys.
2000 New Phytologist 147 268/2 (caption) Total distribution of the Scottish primrose (Primula scotica) showing its remaining sites in Orkney and Caithness.
Scottish scurvy grass n. any of several creeping plants growing in coastal areas of Scotland, considered to be rich in vitamin C; spec. (a) sea bindweed, Calystegia soldanella (formerly included in the genus Convolvulus) (now rare); (b) either of two kinds of scurvy-grass, Cochlearia officinalis (sometimes considered to be a separate species, C. scotica) and C. micacea.
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1597 J. Gerard Herball ii. 690 Soldanella..in English Sea Withwinde,..of some..Scottish Scuruie grasse.
1694 J. Pechey Compl. Herbal 327/2 Take of the Leaves of Scottish Scurvy-grass half an Ounce.
1747 R. James Pharmacopœia Universalis iii. i. 445/2 Soldanella. Scottish Scurvy Grass. See Brassica marina.
1796 W. Withering Arrangem. Brit. Plants (ed. 3) II. 240 Scottish Scurvy Grass. Sea Colewort. Sea Bindweed.
1837 B. H. Barton & T. Castle Brit. Flora Medica I. 62 It was also used as an antiscorbutic, and hence the name Scottish scurvy-grass.
1922 V. G. Plimmer & R. H. A. Plimmer Vitamins & Choice of Food 149 Scottish Scurvy Grass, Soldanella marina, also known as sea-bindweed or sea-coal-wort.
1956 J. E. Raven & S. M. Walters Mountain Flowers v. 108 The most striking..plants closely associated with the catchfly are Scottish scurvy-grass (Cochlearia micacea), [etc.].
2003 Press & Jrnl. (Aberdeen) (Nexis) 9 Sept. 6 Species on the southern edge of their range, including..plants such as Scottish scurvy grass, are particularly vulnerable.
Scottish terrier n. (originally) a terrier of any of several types developed in Scotland; (now) spec. a small stocky terrier, usually black, grey, or brindle, with thick, shaggy fur, erect, pointed ears and tail, and a square, bearded muzzle (also called Aberdeen terrier); (also) the breed itself.
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the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Canidae > terrier > [noun] > Scottish
Scotch terrier1809
Scottish terrier1815
Aberdeen terrier1880
Aberdeen1882
Scotty1882
die-hard1900
1815 J. B. Gilchrist Parl. Reform 53 Such a supposition would be a downright libel..on the acknowledged superior scent of Scottish terriers to English bull dogs, in ferretting out the slyest Reynard that ever lost his brush in a tantivy.
1894 R. B. Lee Hist. & Descr. Mod. Dogs: Terriers xi. 251 It was about the year 1874 that a newspaper controversy brought the Scottish terrier prominently before the public.
1956 D. Caspersz Pop. Sc. Terrier i. 17 The Scottish Terrier descends directly from a race of small terriers of great antiquity.
2002 J. Cunliffe Encycl. Dog Breeds (new ed.) 248/2 Until the mid-nineteenth century, any dog going to ground after a fox in Scotland was called a ‘Scottish terrier’ but the breed we know by that name today was then called a broken-haired or Aberdeen terrier.

Derivatives

ˈScottishly adv.
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the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [adverb] > in Scots
Scottishly1653
Scottice1767
the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > British nation > Scots nation > [adverb]
Scottishly1653
1653 J. Rogers Heavenly Nymph 31 But I can by experience assert your assiduous diligence,..being very just in your rebuke, of those men that did too Scottishly, I mean, sottishly observe Christmas, 1651.
1738 J. Hooper Impartial Hist. Rebellion 254/2 The Guard of the River being either Treacherously or Scottishly neglected by the Lord Herbert's Forces.
1814 Ld. Byron Let. 3 May (1975) IV. 113 The Camesa or Kilt (to speak Scottishly).
1976 Times 8 July 16/2 He smiled Scottishly.
2001 M. Farren More than Mortal (2002) 244 Its plain and Scottishly practical design..was offset by its impressive natural setting.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2011; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

Scottishv.

Brit. /ˈskɒtɪʃ/, U.S. /ˈskɑdɪʃ/
Forms: see Scottish adj. and n.
Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: Scottish adj.
Etymology: < Scottish adj. Compare earlier English v.
rare.
transitive. To translate into Scots (Scots n. 1). Also: to make Scottish.
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the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > meaning > explanation, exposition > translation > translate [verb (transitive)] > into particular language
to make EnglishOE
Englisha1450
Latin1563
Latinize1589
Germanize1605
Scottish1623
Englify1688
anglicize1711
romance1796
Saxonize1804
Scotticize1809
Syriacize1863
French1868
Sanskritize1881
1623 W. Lisle in tr. Ælfric Saxon Treat. Old & New Test. To Rdrs. c 4 b At length I lighted on Virgil Scotished by the Reuerend Gawin Douglas.
1895 Saga-bk. Viking Club Jan. 20 He remembered a valuable treatise of Mr. Powell's on..a Danish ballad of the sixteenth century, which was Englished, or rather Scottished.
2006 P. Stallybrass in L. C. Orlin Center or Margin 32 The Assassini had already been Englished—or, at least, Scottished.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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adj.n.eOEv.1623
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