sayyidn.adj.

Brit.

/ˈseɪjɪd/,

/ˈsʌɪɪd/, U.S.

/ˈsɑjɪd/,

/ˈseɪjɪd/,

/saɪd/,

/seɪd/

Forms:

α. 1600s seayd, 1600s–1800s seid, 1800s said, 1800s– seyd.

β. 1600s siad, 1700s–1800s syud, 1700s– sayyed, 1700s– seyed, 1700s– seyid, 1700s– seyyid, 1700s– syed, 1800s seyud, 1800s syeud, 1800s– saiyid, 1800s– sayad, 1800s– sayeed, 1800s– sayyad, 1800s– sayyid, 1800s– seyyad, 1800s– seyyed, 1800s– syad, 1900s– syeid, 1900s– syid.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Persian. Partly a borrowing from Arabic. Etymons: Persian sayyid; Arabic sayyid.

Etymology: Originally < Persian sayyid and its etymon Arabic sayyid direct descendant of the Prophet Muhammad, specific use of sayyid lord, master. In sense A. 2 directly < Arabic sayyid respectful title or form of address for a man, extended use of sayyid lord, master.In α. forms apparently partly by association with the etymologically unrelated Arabic saʿīd happy, fortunate (frequently as a personal name), in early use also influenced by French †seid (1659 in the passage translated in quot. 1662).

A. n.

1. Frequently with capital initial. (An honorific title for) a Muslim claiming descent from Muhammad, esp. through Husayn ibn Ali, the prophet's second grandson. Cf. shereef n. 1.In South Asian use and in British use from the 18th to the mid 20th cent., esp. in form syed, typically referring to sayyids in South Asia as a distinct social group.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social class > nobility > aristocracy or upper class > [noun] > member of > descendant of Muhammad

emir1585

sayyid1625

society > society and the community > social class > nobility > title > title or form of address for persons of rank > [noun] > titles applied to royalty > for a king or ruler > for foreign king or ruler > for descendants of Muhammad

sayyid1625

1625 S. Purchas Pilgrimes II. ix. vi. 1476 Another sort called Seayds, who deriue themselues from Mahomet.

1662 J. Davies tr. A. Olearius Voy. & Trav. Ambassadors vi. 313 The custom of the antient Persians, who suffered their Hair to grow, as do at present the Seid [Fr. Seid], that is, the kinred of Mahomet.

1788 E. Burke Speech Impeachm. W. Hastings in Wks. (1821) VII. 91 He was a Syed, that is to say, a descendant of Mahomed.

1798 N. B. Edmonstone tr. Tipu Sultan in Marquess Wellesley Select. Despatches (1877) 82 The respected and accomplished Syuds..are now nominated and deputed with this friendly letter.

1816 Mrs. Sherwood Ayah & Lady v. 29 There is but one God, whatever you Hindoos may say. Our syeuds always say so.

1827 Lady H. Stanhope Mem. (1845) I. ii. 56 A young seyd, a friend of mine.

1849 E. B. Eastwick Dry Leaves 22 A Seyyad by birth, he had killed his brother to obtain some property.

1850 Directions Rev. Off. N.W. Prov. 47 There is a great tendency..to be more lenient towards the powerful or the indolent, such as Syuds, Bráhmans, or Goojurs.

1912 Scotsman 5 Apr. 4 A seyyid..and twenty-four other persons..have been arrested.

1959 W. Thesiger Arabian Sands x. 199 Does the Christian not know I am a saiyid?

1969 Pioneer (Lucknow) 13 Aug. 4/8 Just as it would be wrong to say that the Jats are essentially ‘BKDites’.., similarly it is wrong to say that the Syeds belong to one sect only.

2002 New Yorker 14 Oct. 193/1 He is a squat man with a white beard, and wears the black turban of the sayyid.

2. In Arab countries: a respectful title or form of address for a man.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > courtesy > courteous forms of address or title > [noun] > for a man > in languages other than English

Messer1566

signory1585

signor1592

signore1594

mynheer1605

signorship1633

tuan1779

Bwana1860

meneer1899

oga1917

Thakin1920

sayyid1964

1964 W. Thesiger Marsh Arabs 33 In this sense Sayid simply meant Mr. and had no religious significance.

1974 O. Manning Rain Forest ii. iv. 191 Sayyid, please say ‘good-bye’.

2009 J. Elam & S. Yohn Blown Coverage xi. 82 Would you like me to call this meeting to order for you, sayyid?

B. adj.

Also with capital initial. Designating Muslims claiming descent from Muhammad (see sense A. 1); belonging to or characteristic of the class of people claiming this descent.

ΚΠ

1843 Jrnl. Royal Asiatic Soc. 7 375 Dáâí..was of a Sayyid family of Cum.

1855 R. F. Burton Personal Narr. Pilgrimage to El-Medinah (1893) ii. 3 In Arabia..the Sayyid is the descendant of Hosayn... In Persia and India, the Sharif is the son of a Sayyid woman and a common Moslem.

1908 Trans. 3rd Internat. Congr. Hist. Relig. I. iv. 315 The same rigidity and restrictions do not prevail among these groups of foreign origin as are found in the indigenous Hindu castes, yet Sayyid families in India are often as watchful as Brahmans for the purity of their blood.

1964 D. N. Wilber Pakistan vii. 118 The claim to sayyid status, however, should be supported by a detailed genealogy.

1991 Middle East Rep. No. 170. 25/1 A Zaydi sayyid family related by marriage to the royal family.

2013 S. C. Caton Yemen v. 181 In the early revolutionary period, saadah were often treated with derision, their turbans—quintessential symbols of sayyid authority—knocked off their heads.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2015; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	sayyid
释义	sayyidn.adj. Brit. /ˈseɪjɪd/, /ˈsʌɪɪd/, U.S. /ˈsɑjɪd/, /ˈseɪjɪd/, /saɪd/, /seɪd/ Forms: α. 1600s seayd, 1600s–1800s seid, 1800s said, 1800s– seyd. β. 1600s siad, 1700s–1800s syud, 1700s– sayyed, 1700s– seyed, 1700s– seyid, 1700s– seyyid, 1700s– syed, 1800s seyud, 1800s syeud, 1800s– saiyid, 1800s– sayad, 1800s– sayeed, 1800s– sayyad, 1800s– sayyid, 1800s– seyyad, 1800s– seyyed, 1800s– syad, 1900s– syeid, 1900s– syid. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Persian. Partly a borrowing from Arabic. Etymons: Persian sayyid; Arabic sayyid. Etymology: Originally < Persian sayyid and its etymon Arabic sayyid direct descendant of the Prophet Muhammad, specific use of sayyid lord, master. In sense A. 2 directly < Arabic sayyid respectful title or form of address for a man, extended use of sayyid lord, master.In α. forms apparently partly by association with the etymologically unrelated Arabic saʿīd happy, fortunate (frequently as a personal name), in early use also influenced by French †seid (1659 in the passage translated in quot. 1662). A. n. 1. Frequently with capital initial. (An honorific title for) a Muslim claiming descent from Muhammad, esp. through Husayn ibn Ali, the prophet's second grandson. Cf. shereef n. 1.In South Asian use and in British use from the 18th to the mid 20th cent., esp. in form syed, typically referring to sayyids in South Asia as a distinct social group. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social class > nobility > aristocracy or upper class > [noun] > member of > descendant of Muhammad emir1585 sayyid1625 society > society and the community > social class > nobility > title > title or form of address for persons of rank > [noun] > titles applied to royalty > for a king or ruler > for foreign king or ruler > for descendants of Muhammad sayyid1625 1625 S. Purchas Pilgrimes II. ix. vi. 1476 Another sort called Seayds, who deriue themselues from Mahomet. 1662 J. Davies tr. A. Olearius Voy. & Trav. Ambassadors vi. 313 The custom of the antient Persians, who suffered their Hair to grow, as do at present the Seid [Fr. Seid], that is, the kinred of Mahomet. 1788 E. Burke Speech Impeachm. W. Hastings in Wks. (1821) VII. 91 He was a Syed, that is to say, a descendant of Mahomed. 1798 N. B. Edmonstone tr. Tipu Sultan in Marquess Wellesley Select. Despatches (1877) 82 The respected and accomplished Syuds..are now nominated and deputed with this friendly letter. 1816 Mrs. Sherwood Ayah & Lady v. 29 There is but one God, whatever you Hindoos may say. Our syeuds always say so. 1827 Lady H. Stanhope Mem. (1845) I. ii. 56 A young seyd, a friend of mine. 1849 E. B. Eastwick Dry Leaves 22 A Seyyad by birth, he had killed his brother to obtain some property. 1850 Directions Rev. Off. N.W. Prov. 47 There is a great tendency..to be more lenient towards the powerful or the indolent, such as Syuds, Bráhmans, or Goojurs. 1912 Scotsman 5 Apr. 4 A seyyid..and twenty-four other persons..have been arrested. 1959 W. Thesiger Arabian Sands x. 199 Does the Christian not know I am a saiyid? 1969 Pioneer (Lucknow) 13 Aug. 4/8 Just as it would be wrong to say that the Jats are essentially ‘BKDites’.., similarly it is wrong to say that the Syeds belong to one sect only. 2002 New Yorker 14 Oct. 193/1 He is a squat man with a white beard, and wears the black turban of the sayyid. 2. In Arab countries: a respectful title or form of address for a man. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > courtesy > courteous forms of address or title > [noun] > for a man > in languages other than English Messer1566 signory1585 signor1592 signore1594 mynheer1605 signorship1633 tuan1779 Bwana1860 meneer1899 oga1917 Thakin1920 sayyid1964 1964 W. Thesiger Marsh Arabs 33 In this sense Sayid simply meant Mr. and had no religious significance. 1974 O. Manning Rain Forest ii. iv. 191 Sayyid, please say ‘good-bye’. 2009 J. Elam & S. Yohn Blown Coverage xi. 82 Would you like me to call this meeting to order for you, sayyid? B. adj. Also with capital initial. Designating Muslims claiming descent from Muhammad (see sense A. 1); belonging to or characteristic of the class of people claiming this descent. ΚΠ 1843 Jrnl. Royal Asiatic Soc. 7 375 Dáâí..was of a Sayyid family of Cum. 1855 R. F. Burton Personal Narr. Pilgrimage to El-Medinah (1893) ii. 3 In Arabia..the Sayyid is the descendant of Hosayn... In Persia and India, the Sharif is the son of a Sayyid woman and a common Moslem. 1908 Trans. 3rd Internat. Congr. Hist. Relig. I. iv. 315 The same rigidity and restrictions do not prevail among these groups of foreign origin as are found in the indigenous Hindu castes, yet Sayyid families in India are often as watchful as Brahmans for the purity of their blood. 1964 D. N. Wilber Pakistan vii. 118 The claim to sayyid status, however, should be supported by a detailed genealogy. 1991 Middle East Rep. No. 170. 25/1 A Zaydi sayyid family related by marriage to the royal family. 2013 S. C. Caton Yemen v. 181 In the early revolutionary period, saadah were often treated with derision, their turbans—quintessential symbols of sayyid authority—knocked off their heads. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2015; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adj.1625
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