† sardonianadj.n.

Forms: Also 1500s sardenian. See also Sardinian adj. 2.

Etymology: < Latin sardonius + -an suffix. The Latin adjective is < Greek Σαρδόνιος Sardinian, which in late Greek was substituted for σαρδάνιος (Homer, etc.; of obscure origin), as the descriptive epithet of bitter or scornful laughter; the motive of the substitution was the notion that the word had primary reference to the effects of eating a ‘Sardinian plant’ (Latin herba Sardonia or Sardōa), which was said to produce facial convulsions resembling horrible laughter, usually followed by death.

Obsolete.

A. adj.

= sardonic adj.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > derision, ridicule, or mockery > caustic or ironic ridicule > [adjective]

satiric1509

satirien1509

satiricala1529

ironical1536

dry1542

Lucianical1561

satirial1579

sardonian1586

ironized1596

sarcasmical1602

ironic1614

Sardinian?1615

sardoin1633

sardonic1638

sarcastical1641

sardan1649

sarcasmous1663

sarcastic1695

witty1700

sarcasmatical1716

caustic1771

nippit1808

Lucianic1820

sardonican1837

quippy1859

sardonical1859

quipsome1881

sarky1912

Lucianesque1969

1586 T. Bright Treat. Melancholie xvii. 102 The perturbations of melancholy are..sometimes merry in apparaunce, through a kinde of Sardonian, and false laughter.

1589 R. Greene Menaphon sig. G2^v Haue you fatted me so long with Sardenian smiles, that..I might perrish in your wiles?

1596 E. Spenser Second Pt. Faerie Queene v. ix. sig. T6 And with Sardonian smyle Laughing on her, his false intent to shade.

1620 Bp. J. Hall Honor Married Clergie iii. vi. 282 It is then but a Sardonian laughter that my Refuter takes vp at our complete Antichrist.

1742 D. Hume Ess. (1825) xiv. 123 This unprovoked piece of rusticity..caused no farther resentment in Philip than to excite a Sardonian smile.

1794 T. Taylor tr. Pausanias Descr. Greece III. 149 Homer first, and others after him, call laughter, which conceals some noxious design, Sardonian.

†B. n.

One who flatters with deadly intent.Apparently alluding to the ‘Sardinian plant’ (see the etymological note above) which was said to kill by exciting laughter. Cf. quot. s.v. sardoin adj.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > approval or sanction > commendation or praise > flattery or flattering > [noun] > flatterer > with deadly intent

sardonian1609

1609 Bp. W. Barlow Answer Catholike English-man 254 His nature is too..noble, to be a Sardonian: Fawning and Crouching hee leaues to such base bone-gnawers as Fa. Parsons.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1909; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

单词	sardonian
释义	† sardonianadj.n. Forms: Also 1500s sardenian. See also Sardinian adj. 2. Etymology: < Latin sardonius + -an suffix. The Latin adjective is < Greek Σαρδόνιος Sardinian, which in late Greek was substituted for σαρδάνιος (Homer, etc.; of obscure origin), as the descriptive epithet of bitter or scornful laughter; the motive of the substitution was the notion that the word had primary reference to the effects of eating a ‘Sardinian plant’ (Latin herba Sardonia or Sardōa), which was said to produce facial convulsions resembling horrible laughter, usually followed by death. Obsolete. A. adj. = sardonic adj. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > derision, ridicule, or mockery > caustic or ironic ridicule > [adjective] satiric1509 satirien1509 satiricala1529 ironical1536 dry1542 Lucianical1561 satirial1579 sardonian1586 ironized1596 sarcasmical1602 ironic1614 Sardinian?1615 sardoin1633 sardonic1638 sarcastical1641 sardan1649 sarcasmous1663 sarcastic1695 witty1700 sarcasmatical1716 caustic1771 nippit1808 Lucianic1820 sardonican1837 quippy1859 sardonical1859 quipsome1881 sarky1912 Lucianesque1969 1586 T. Bright Treat. Melancholie xvii. 102 The perturbations of melancholy are..sometimes merry in apparaunce, through a kinde of Sardonian, and false laughter. 1589 R. Greene Menaphon sig. G2^v Haue you fatted me so long with Sardenian smiles, that..I might perrish in your wiles? 1596 E. Spenser Second Pt. Faerie Queene v. ix. sig. T6 And with Sardonian smyle Laughing on her, his false intent to shade. View more context for this quotation 1620 Bp. J. Hall Honor Married Clergie iii. vi. 282 It is then but a Sardonian laughter that my Refuter takes vp at our complete Antichrist. 1742 D. Hume Ess. (1825) xiv. 123 This unprovoked piece of rusticity..caused no farther resentment in Philip than to excite a Sardonian smile. 1794 T. Taylor tr. Pausanias Descr. Greece III. 149 Homer first, and others after him, call laughter, which conceals some noxious design, Sardonian. †B. n. One who flatters with deadly intent.Apparently alluding to the ‘Sardinian plant’ (see the etymological note above) which was said to kill by exciting laughter. Cf. quot. s.v. sardoin adj. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > approval or sanction > commendation or praise > flattery or flattering > [noun] > flatterer > with deadly intent sardonian1609 1609 Bp. W. Barlow Answer Catholike English-man 254 His nature is too..noble, to be a Sardonian: Fawning and Crouching hee leaues to such base bone-gnawers as Fa. Parsons. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1909; most recently modified version published online December 2020). < adj.n.1586
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