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单词 sampler
释义

samplern.1

Brit. /ˈsɑːmplə/, /ˈsamplə/, U.S. /ˈsæmp(ə)lər/
Forms: Middle English saumplarie, saumplarye, sawmplere, Middle English samplere, saumpler, Middle English–1700s samplar, 1500s sawmplar, 1600s semplar, 1800s dialect sampleth, 1500s– sampler.
Etymology: Aphetic < Old French essamplaire: see exemplar n.
1. An example to be imitated; a model, pattern; an archetype; the original from which a copy is or may be taken. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > relationship > imitation > prototype > [noun] > model, pattern, or example
byseningc1175
mirrora1300
samplera1300
formc1384
calendarc1385
patternc1425
exemplar?a1439
lighta1450
projectc1450
moul1565
platform1574
module1608
paradigma1623
specimen1642
butt1654
paradigm1669
type1847
fore-mark1863
model1926
a1300 Cursor Mundi 28073 Bot nu sal i tell þe her nest Hu þu sal sceu þi scrift to preist,..þat laud men mai sumquat lere To scape þair scrift wit þis samplere.
1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. xii. 104 Al-þough men made bokes god was þe maistre, And seynt spirit þe saumplarye and seide what men sholde write.
1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Exod. xxv. 40 Bihold and do after the sawmplere, that to thee is shewid in the hil.
c1475 Partenay 2947 Off ther beyng here will I leue and cease, To declare and say make me will redy, As of my samplere to procede plainly.
c1480 (a1400) St. Machor 1439 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) II. 41 For þai till hyme war as samplar to lewe his kyne þat mychty war, & þis gret pilgrimag to tak.
1565 J. Jewel tr. 2nd Nicene Councel in Replie Hardinges Answeare xiv. 515 There are not twoo sortes of Adoration..but one onely Adoration, bothe of the Image, and also of the Samplar, whereof the Image is.
1581 J. Bell tr. W. Haddon & J. Foxe Against Jerome Osorius 445 But the Type is past, and the veritye supplyeth the place. Latt us make a comparison betwixt the sampler and ye trueth [Melchisedech and Christ].
1597 T. Beard Theatre Gods Iudgements ii. xlii. 427 The very whores..paid him a yeerely reuenue for their bauderies; which act..is made a sampler to some of our holie Popes to imitate.
1608 E. Topsell Hist. Serpents 259 Arachne first inuented..working with the needle, which this mayde of Lydia first learned from the Spyders, taking her first samplers and patterns from them for imitation.
1636 D. Featley Clavis Mystica xvi. 208 Christ's baptism was the perfect sampler and patterne of ours.
1656 H. Jeanes Treat. Fulnesse of Christ 296 in Mixture Scholasticall Divinity The holinesse of Christ, which God hath propounded unto us for a samplar to imitate.
1658 T. Manton Pract. Comm. Jude in Wks. (1871) V. 85 God is the original fountain and sampler of holiness.
a1680 S. Charnock Several Disc. Existence of God (1682) 559 True holiness consists in a likeness to the most exact Sampler.
attributive.1645 S. Rutherford Tryal & Trivmph of Faith (1845) 48 A stone,..some way conform to..Christ the Sampler-stone.
2. An illustrative or typical instance; a specimen. Also, a representation, symbol, type. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > an individual case or instance > [noun] > exemplifying some rule, activity, quality, etc.
asaumplea1250
evidencec1391
piecea1393
examplea1398
samplera1400
exemplarc1475
paradigm1483
instant1560
precedenta1575
exemplification1582
exemplary1583
instance1592
instancy1613
copy1641
specimen1659
patron saint1803
for instance1959
the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > an individual case or instance > [noun] > typical or representative case > typical or representative thing or person
forbysenc1175
figurea1340
forbyseninga1400
samplera1400
plot1551
pattern1555
resembler1581
representative1653
specimen1654
exponent1825
type1845
typification1845
society > communication > representation > physical representation of abstraction > symbolizing > symbolizing by a type > [noun] > a type
byseningc1175
samplera1400
image1548
express1553
mapa1591
emblema1631
pantotype1644
model1745
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 10892 Þat þou be noght o þis in weir, Ald elizabeth be þi samplere.
1623 W. Lisle Ælfric's Saxon Treat. (1638) 24 So thou maist yet at least be furthered somewhat by this little sampler [A.S. bysne].
1644 F. Quarles Barnabas & Boanerges 112 What is man but a Sampler of weaknesse?
1683 in Pennsylvania Arch. (1852) I. 73 And God is giving some Specimens hereof, some Samplars.
1685 R. Boyle Exper. Disc. Salubr. Air Pref. 1 in Ess. Effects Motion To give a Semplar or Specimen of what may be done upon the other Heads of the designed History.
1697 G. Burghope Disc. Relig. Assemblies 25 The Temple..a Type and Samplar..of the Heavenly Temple that is above.
3.
a. A piece of embroidery serving as a pattern to be copied. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > sewn or ornamented textile fabric > [noun] > embroidery or ornamental sewing > embroidered fabric > sampler > as pattern to be copied
exemplarc1487
sampler1574
1574 R. Scot Perfite Platf. of Hoppe Garden (1578) 54 The Hoppesackes that are brought out of Flaunders, may be good samplers for you to worke by.
a1586 Sir P. Sidney Arcadia (1590) ii. iv. sig. Q7 Alas then, ô Loue, why doost thou in thy beautifull sampler sette such a worke for my Desire to take out, which is as much impossible?
1608 [see sense 1].
1675 T. Brooks Paradice Opened Ep. Ded. sig. c4 Such as begin to work with the needle, look much on their sampler and pattern.
b. A beginner's exercise in embroidery; a piece of canvas embroidered by a girl or woman as a specimen of skill, usually containing the alphabet and some mottos worked in ornamental characters, with various decorative devices.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > sewn or ornamented textile fabric > [noun] > embroidery or ornamental sewing > embroidered fabric > sampler > as beginner's exercise
sampler1523
1523 J. Skelton Goodly Garlande of Laurell 789 The saumpler to sow on, the lacis to enbraid.
1546 M. Thomson Will in Essex Rev. (1908) 17 147 I gyve to Alys Pynchebeck my sawmpler with semes.
?1592 Trag. Solyman & Perseda sig. A2v When didst thou with thy sampler..Sit sowing?
1639 J. Mayne Citye Match ii. ii Your schoole-mistresse..teaches To knit in Chaldee, and worke Hebrew samplers.
1758 S. Johnson Idler 22 Apr. 17 Our Girls forsake their samplers to teach kingdoms wisdom.
1789 R. Burns Let. 2 May (2001) I. 402 Never did..little Miss shew her applauded Sampler to [partial Maman], than I now send my Poem to you.
1805 R. Anderson Ballads in Cumberland Dial. 58 Sin I furst work'd a sampleth at Biddy Forsyth's.
1862 C. S. Calverley Verses & Transl. (1894) 80 Now not all they seek to do Is create upon a sampler Beasts which Buffon never knew.
1886 J. K. Jerome Idle Thoughts (1889) 136 There is a ‘sampler’ worked by some idiot related to the family.
attributive.1859 A. Cary Pictures Country Life 13 I see..that it was marked with sampler letters in one corner.1881 W. Besant & J. Rice Chaplain of Fleet I. viii. 170 Esther, for her part, taught her embroidery and sampler work.figurative and in extended use.1627 W. Hawkins Apollo Shroving Prol. 5 Take out thy fescue, and spell here, in this one-leau'd booke. Tell the stitches in this sampler of blacke and white.1717 M. Prior Alma ii. 448 Distinguished Slashes deck the Great; As each excells in Birth, or State His Oylet-holes are more, and ampler, The King's own body was a Samplar.1819 J. Keats Wks. (1889) III. p. cxxv The more he may love the sad embroidery of the Excursion, the more will he hate the coarse samplers of Betty Foy and Alice Fell.
4. Forestry. A young tree left standing when the rest are cut down.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > by growth or development > defined by habit > tree or woody plant > characterized by habitat > [noun] > forest tree > tree left standing
standard1473
staddle1543
waver1555
standing1580
sampler1652
stemmer1858
1652 W. Blith Eng. Improver Improved xxv. 160 Take a good straight Pole or sampler, growing of Ash or Willow.
1785 J. Phillips Treat. Inland Navigation 19 Cutting down samplers and young trees even for faggot and stack wood..has been..a common practice.
1808 C. Vancouver Gen. View Agric. Devon x. 246 Standards or samplers are always left, but seldom raised to timber.
5. = sample n. 2a, 2b.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > an individual case or instance > [noun] > typical or representative case > part as representative of the whole > sample or specimen
taste1390
muster1400
sample1428
scantillon1465
say1525
casta1556
assay1581
show1582
shave1604
trial1612
essay1614
pattern1648
trial-piece1663
dasha1672
swatch1697
spice1790
sampler1823
1823 J. Badcock Domest. Amusem. 136 Test for proving Steel. Take weak aqua-fortis, and drop a little on the sampler in question.
1972 T. Kochman Rappin' & Stylin' Out p. xv Minimally necessary would be a comparative sampler of the diverse preaching styles that exist in the black community.
1975 Booksellers Weekly 15 Sept. 55/3 The authors also include a sampler of foreign menus: continental, Italian, Greek, Mexican, oriental, Indonesian.
1976 National Observer (U.S.) 17 Jan. 14/1 (advt.) Try this Vermont Sampler... We'll send you, on approval, our Vermont cob-smoked ham..and 1 lb. of our delicious cob-smoked bacon.
6. That which contains a sample or representative selection; spec. a gramophone record of examples of a performer, type of music, etc.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > record > recording or reproducing sound or visual material > sound recording and reproduction > a sound recording > [noun] > record or disc > type of record
pre-release1871
record album1904
re-release1907
ten-inch1908
twelve-incher1909
demonstration record1911
pressing1912
swinger1924
repressing1927
transcription1931
long-player1932
rush release1935
pop record1937
album1945
demonstration disc1947
pop disc1947
pop single1947
long-play1948
picture disc1948
781949
single1949
forty-five1950
demo disc1952
EP1952
shellac1954
top of the pops1956
gold disc1957
acetate1962
platinum disc1964
chartbuster1965
miss1965
cover1966
reissue1966
pirate label1968
rock record1968
thirty-three (and a third)1968
sampler1969
white-label1970
double album1971
dubplate1976
seven-inch1977
mini-album1980
joint1991
the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > an individual case or instance > [noun] > typical or representative case > part as representative of the whole > sample or specimen > that which contains a sample
sampler1969
1969 Nature 10 May 599/1 This paperback is a sampler of letters, periodicals, and reports in the United States relating to the publication late in 1859 of Charles Darwin's ‘Origin’.
1970 Melody Maker 20 June 27/4 We are promised jazz releases from A. & M. Records commencing shortly with a jazz sampler.
1977 Linlithgowshire Jrnl. & Gaz. 15 Apr. 6/6 And one of the best ways to start is with Atlantic Record's sampler containing numbers from the albums ‘War Babies’, ‘Abandoned Luncheonette’ and ‘Whole Oates’.

Compounds

General attributive.
C1. (In sense 3b.)
sampler rhyme n.
ΚΠ
1951 W. de la Mare Winged Chariot 51 My cross-stitch sampler-rhyme.
C2. (In sense 6.)
sampler album n. album n.2 3c.
ΚΠ
1977 Zigzag Mar. 28/3 He's also doing a sampler album, with sleeve-notes too, I think.
sampler collection n.
ΚΠ
1973 A. Dundes Mother Wit p. xii There are already sampler collections of raw folklore data available.
sampler record n.
ΚΠ
1975 Gramophone May 2024/1 Gustav Leonhardt Portrait. Sampler Record.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1909; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

samplern.2

Brit. /ˈsɑːmplə/, /ˈsamplə/, U.S. /ˈsæmp(ə)lər/
Etymology: < sample v. + -er suffix1.
1. One whose business it is to sample goods; also, one employed in any other form of sampling.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > enquiry > investigation, inspection > inspection, survey > [noun] > maintenance of standards > person employed in
searcher1417
conner1467
policiera1500
cunster1535
wraker1584
wracker1719
sampler1778
overhauler1860
fruit-meter1881
quality controller1947
the world > action or operation > endeavour > trial or experiment > trial, test, or testing > [noun] > specific tests or testing > by sampling > one who
sampler1778
1778 W. Pryce Mineralogia Cornubiensis 216 To make a rough guess or coarse essay, the sampler takes a handful of it, and washes it on a shovel [etc.].
1877 R. W. Raymond Statistics Mines & Mining 382 The sampler takes charge of the piles.
1906 Act 6 Edward VII c. 27 §3 (2) An official sampler shall at the request of the purchaser..take a sample for analysis by the agricultural analyst of any such article.
c1950 G. van Delden I have Plan i. 15 He..came to the mine.., so they put him on the staff as a sampler.
1971 J. B. Carroll et al. Word Frequency Bk. p. xviii The responsibility for judging whether or not a textual segment was an essentially English sentence was left to the sampler.
2. A device for obtaining samples for scientific study.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > chemistry > equipment or apparatus > [noun] > miscellaneous apparatus
bain1477
speculum1650
filtering paper1651
wheel-fire1662
filter paper1670
sun furnace1763
respirator1789
candle-ball1794
rectifier1822
candle-bomb1823
filter1823
oxyhydrogen blowpipe1823
shade1837
graduator1839
pipette1839
thistle funnel1849
pressure tube1852
ozonizer1858
dialyser1861
Liebig condenser1861
Sprengel pump1866
Sprengel tube1866
water softener1867
mercury pump1869
Bunsen burner1870
dialysator1877
test-mixer1877
tube-condenser1877
Kipp1879
reflux condenser1880
policeman1888
converter1889
pressure boiler1891
spot plate1896
hydrogen electrode1898
sampler1902
reactor1903
fume-chamber1905
Permutit1910
microburner1911
salt bridge1915
precipitator1919
Raschig ring1920
microneedle1921
titrator1928
laboratory coatc1936
spray tower1937
precipitron1938
ion exchanger1941
potentiostat1942
chemostat1950
Knudsen pipette1951
pH-stat1956
cryopump1958
1902 Bull. U.S. Fish Comm. 1901 21 58 (caption) Soil sampler, after Delbecque.
1927 Bull. Nat. Res. Council (U.S.) No. 61. 237 A modification of the Davis peat-sampler.
1927 Bull. Nat. Res. Council (U.S.) No. 61. 238 In deeper water the other sampler had to be used.
1946 Geogr. Jrnl. 107 164 The core-sampler gave relatively short cores or none at all... The piston-sampler constructed by Dr. Kullenberg—a modification of the original vacuum core-sampler—secured practically undisturbed cores down to a maximum depth of over 3600 metres.
1959 Jrnl. Sci. Instruments 34 3 (heading) Impaction sampler for size grading air-borne bacteria-carrying particles.
1974 Nature 25 Oct. 678/2 The air samplers do not register this excess presumably because the size of the spray particles is beyond the upper limit of collection of the sampling duct.

Draft additions May 2001

Music.
a. An electronic device or (occasionally) a piece of software used to sample sounds, excerpts of music, etc. (cf. sample v.).
ΚΠ
1985 Sound on Sound Nov. 7/3 The sudden, if not anticipated, arrival of affordable samplers has now commenced.
1986 Making Music Apr. 7/1 Both samplers are MIDI compatible, have built-in disk drives, and a whizzy Roland-style alpha wheel for modifying your sounds.
1989 Blitz Jan. 35/2 Samplers are certainly going to get cheaper, and as people on the fringes of the rock scene begin to experiment with them, we may get something akin to the synth boom in the early eighties.
1993 R. Rucker et al. Mondo 2000 (U.K. ed.) 24/2 Samplers are central to the creation of much of today's ‘modern rock’ sound; particularly hip-hop, house and industrial.
1999 Muzik June 150/3 (advt.) We sell: mixers, decks, samplers, EQ's, carts, styli, headphones, amps, speakers.
b. A person who uses such a device; spec. a person who obtains digital sound samples (esp. from recordings by other artists) for use in his or her own music.
ΚΠ
1988 Oxf. Times 31 Mar. 12 James Brown has returned to the limelight as his recordings have recently been ripped widely off by ‘samplers’ (i.e. plagiarists).
1992 Vibe Fall (Preview Issue) 40/1 On the other hand, Warner/Chappell is widely viewed as being friendly to samplers.
2000 N.Y. Mag. 1 May 96/2 Fatboy Slim sounds less like a clever sampler than a deft D.J. willing to throw on anything to keep people moving.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1909; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

samplerv.

Etymology: < sampler n.1
Obsolete.
= sample v.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > discovery > comparison > compare [verb (transitive)]
evenOE
comparisonc1374
measurea1382
remenec1390
compare1509
confer?1531
to lay togethera1568
lay1577
paragona1586
paragonize1589
set1589
sympathize1600
confront1604
to name on (also in) the same day1609
collate1612
to lay down by1614
sampler1628
to set together1628
matcha1649
run1650
vie1685
to put together1690
1628 W. Prynne Briefe Suruay Mr. Cozens 54 I will therefore now confine my selfe to the Matter, and Substance of these Deuotions, which I will now Paralell, and Sampler with those Popish Authors.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1909; most recently modified version published online March 2021).
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