saucen.
/sɔːs/, U.S. /sɔs/, /sɑs/ I. Senses relating to food.
1.
a. A topping, condiment, or accompaniment for other food, usually fluid in consistency and typically prepared from several ingredients; a foodstuff of this sort which forms part of a particular dish. Formerly also: †any food or ingredient used as a condiment, accompaniment, or to add flavour or relish; cf. sense 2a (obsolete). Also in figurative contexts; cf. sense 1d.Attested earliest in figurative context.
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the world > food and drink > food > additive > sauce or dressing > [noun]
sauce1340
dressing1504
embamma1623
ragout1653
dipa1825
dipping sauce1948
1340 Ayenbite (1866) 55 Ethe metes byeþ guode to guode, and to ham þet be scele and be mesure his vseþ and hise nimeþ mid þe sause of þe drede of oure lhorde.
a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 1882 Þei ete at here ese as þei miȝt þanne, boute salt oþer sauce or any semli drynk.
c1405 (c1387–95) G. Chaucer Canterbury Tales Prol. (Hengwrt) (1868) l. 129 She leet no morsel from hir lyppes falle Ne wette hir fyngres in hir sauce deepe.
a1425 Dialogue Reason & Adversity (Cambr.) (1968) 41 (MED) Man, whan þou grucchest for þou farist harde, woldest þou suffre þi mynde to wete þi mete in Cristes wondes, þou myght fynde no betere sause to make þi mete sauery.
a1525 (c1448) R. Holland Bk. Howlat l. 705 in W. A. Craigie Asloan MS (1925) II. 117 Mony sawouris salss with sewaris he send.
1558 W. Ward tr. G. Ruscelli Secretes Alexis of Piemount i. f. 43 Take some of the sayde other preseruatiues, as..a sponefull of the iuyce of Citrons..and..use of it at meales in maner of a saulce.
a1682 Sir T. Browne Certain Misc. Tracts (1684) 81 Sawce made of Raisins stamped with Vinegar.
1750 W. Ellis Country Housewife's Family Compan. 28 I mention sprinkling of Sugar over the Pancakes after they are fry'd as Sauce to them.
1845 E. Acton Mod. Cookery (ed. 2) iv. 127 Parsley-Green, For Colouring Sauces.
1899 Atlantic Monthly July 42/2 His peevishness, his acrimony, are a sharp sauce to the boiled fish.
1907 Western Times (Exeter) 15 Oct. 6/4 The hams proving inviting, they regaled themselves with a good feed, flavouring the repast with a bottle of sauce.
1981 French Cooking Country-style 108 Poached fruit topped with a rich sauce like Chantilly custard.
2019 Deseret Morning News (Salt Lake City) (Nexis) 28 Mar. I ordered a scrumptious goulash: beef simmered in a thick sauce of sweet tomatoes.
b. With preceding modifying word or phrase specifying the type of sauce or a significant ingredient, characteristic, etc., of it, as in caramel sauce, cream sauce, stir-fry sauce, sweet-and-sour sauce, etc.Béarnaise sauce, bread sauce, brown sauce, dipping sauce, hot sauce, etc.: see the first element.
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?c1400 14th-cent. Menus in C. B. Hieatt & S. Butler Curye on Inglysch (1985) 41 (MED) On fysch dayes..Þe ii cours..rosted grete bremes, turbot, congur, freysch samoun, sober sauuȝ, cold bruet.
1573 C. Hollyband French Schoole-maister 114 Cut some of these loynes of the hare, drest with a blacke sauce.
1733 V. La Chapelle Mod. Cook II. vi. 185 Pour the Cream Sauce over it, serve it hot.
1831 Servant's Guide & Family Man. (ed. 2) 90 Veal roasted and put into German sauce.
1858 N.Y. Herald 15 Aug. 5/1 Chicken, giblet sauce. Lamb, mint sauce. Goose, celery sauce.
1979 Gourmet Sept. 106/3 Spicy ground pork wrapped intricately in a ‘sarong’ of rice-stick noodles, deep-fried, and served with sweet-and-sour sauce.
1998 Grimsby Evening Tel. (Nexis) 17 Oct. 3 You can use a jar of stir fry sauce instead of all the separate ingredients.
2005 Olive July 84/2 The kaffir lime leaves give this parfait a really unusual citrus perfume, good enough to eat without the bananas (but with the caramel sauce of course).
c. With postmodifier specifying the type of sauce or a significant ingredient, characteristic, etc., of it, chiefly in the names of sauces of French origin, as in sauce mayonnaise, sauce vierge, etc.sauce allemande, sauce mornay, sauce Robert, etc.: see the second element.
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a1425 (a1399) Forme of Cury (BL Add.) 145 in C. B. Hieatt & S. Butler Curye on Inglysch (1985) 130 (MED) Sawse noyre for malard: Take brede and blode iboiled, [etc.].
1513 Bk. Keruynge (de Worde) (new ed.) sig. B.iiv Befe with sauce gelopere roost with sauce pegyll & other bake metes as is aforesayde.
1798 Morning Herald 4 Oct. Sauce Blanc, for boiled Fowls, Rump Steaks, &c.
1830 R. Dolby Cook's Dict. 102/1 Serve with sauce mayonnaise, either green or white.
1987 Financial Times 24 Jan. (Weekend Suppl.) p.xx/3 A..patterned carpet of the kind..on which you can spill a good deal of sauce espagnole and claret without it showing.
2018 Aberdeen Evening Express (Nexis) 19 Apr. 6 A pan-fried seabass, broccoli, kale and gnocchi topped with a sauce vierge.
d. figurative. Something which adds to, modifies, or has a significant effect on an experience, situation, action, etc.; an affecting circumstance or factor; esp. anything that adds an element of piquancy, excitement, or interest to an experience. Cf. spice n. 1b.
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the world > physical sensation > sleeping and waking > refreshment or invigoration > [noun] > that which or one who refreshes or invigorates
spice?c1225
comfort1377
refresherc1450
refreshment1532
reviver1542
sauce1561
salt1579
refocillation1608
whettera1625
fillip1699
stimulant1728
stimulation1733
yeast1769
stimulus1791
inspiriter1821
stimulatory1821
refreshener1824
boost1825
bracer1826
young blood1830
freshener1838
invigoratorc1842
blow1849
tonic1849
elevation1850
stimulator1851
breather1876
pick-me-up1876
a shot in the arm1922
the mind > emotion > excitement > pleasurable excitement > [noun] > making piquantly exciting > that which
savour?c1225
sauce1561
haut-goût1650
rocambole1702
zest1709
1561 T. Hoby tr. B. Castiglione Courtyer i. sig. E. i. The Courtier ought to accompany all his doinges, gestures, demeaners, finally al his mocions with a grace, and this..ye put for a sauce to euery thing, without the which all his other properties & good condicions were litle woorth.
1692 R. L'Estrange Fables lxxiv. 74 That which we call Raillery, in This Sense, is the very Sawce of Civil Entertainment.
1861 Isle of Wight Observer 26 Jan. It was a pity that the scoundrels could not have had a little imprisonment, with hard labour, as a sauce to the fine.
1910 J. C. Snaith Mrs. Fitz xxxiii. 358 An occasional discreet diversity of opinion merely served as a sauce to our life together.
1964 ‘A. Burgess’ Nothing Like the Sun vi. 38 Hate was a sharp sauce to the part of WS in the games she devised.
2021 Guardian (Nexis) 17 June To any writers just starting out, I recommend people-watching to add some sauce to your fiction.
2.
a. Vegetables or salad served as part of a meal, esp. as an accompaniment to meat. Hence: (chiefly English regional and U.S. regional) garden vegetables grown as food (cf. sass n. 1a). Now rare (only U.S. regional).In later use, chiefly in compounds; see Compounds 1b and garden sauce n.long sauce, short sauce: see the first element.
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the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > [noun] > taken as part of meal
sauce1629
1629 J. Parkinson Paradisi in Sole (title page) A Kitchen Garden of all manner of herbes, rootes, & fruites, for meate or sause vsed with vs.
1750 W. Ellis Country Housewife's Family Compan. 50 As for broad Beans, they serve, in some Measure, as a second Sort of Meat as well as Sauce.
1778 J. Abercrombie Universal Gardener & Botanist at Apium Broad-leaved Parsley, is esteemed for its large roots, which are boiled and eaten as a sauce to flesh meat.
1813 T. Batchelor Gen. View Agric. Bedford. 76 The potatoe, being probably the cheapest, is also the principal vegetable used for sauce.
1825 J. Neal Brother Jonathan I. 72 Sweet corn, pumpkin pies, and sarse (vegetables).
1893 F. B. Zincke Wherstead: Some Materials Hist. (ed. 2) xxvii. 261 Vegetables are, with us [in East Anglia], ‘sauce’.
1936 Janesville (Wisconsin) Daily Gaz. 25 Apr. (Home ed.) 6/2 Janesville has a flair for well-kept yards and neat gardens—not only garden sauce but many flowers.
b. North American (chiefly U.S. regional (northern) in later use). Stewed or preserved fruit, typically sweetened, often eaten as a dessert. Frequently with modifying word denoting the fruit in question.Sometimes difficult to distinguish from sense 1a; cf. apple sauce n., cranberry sauce n.
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1840 C. M. Kirkland in Knickerbocker Apr. 330 Among custards, cakes, and ‘saäse’, or preserves, of different kinds, figured great dishes of lettuce.
1904 Boston Cooking-School Mag. Nov. 218/2 Stewed in a little water and boiled cider, pumpkin sauce was a favorite dish.
1988 Albert Lea (Minnesota) Tribune 13 May 3/3 Lunch Menus... Friday—Tacos, buttered carrots, peach sauce and milk.
2009 L. Snelling Measure of Mercy 267 Do I ever turn down a cup of coffee? And perhaps some of that rhubarb sauce with a bit of cream?
II. Extended uses.† 3. A liquid substance or preparation, esp. one used as a medicine or ointment. Obsolete.† 4. A solution of salt (and other ingredients) used in some manufacturing processes. Cf. pickle n.1 3. Obsolete.
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a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xvii. xi. 909 Men þat moote needes passe by stynkyng place..defendeþ hemsilf wiþ strong sauce of garleke.
c1425 Edward, Duke of York Master of Game (Vesp. B.xii) (1904) 49 (MED) Men may make sause of salt and vynegre and strong garlike ypilled and stamped and nettelis togedir, and also hoote as it may be sufferyd, to lay vpon þe bityng, and þis is a good medecyne.
c1450 Practica Phisicalia John of Burgundy in H. Schöffler Mittelengl. Medizinlit. (1919) 222 (MED) For to sle þe trunchynis in a manis body..take garlek and make a sawce þerof.
1576 G. Baker tr. C. Gesner Newe Jewell of Health ii. f. 81v Another water..excellent for the eyes: Take of Eyebright..the Veruaine, and Rosemarie flowers, of eche one handfull, all these myxe togither in the forme of a sawce.
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society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > other manufactured or derived materials > [noun] > industrial solution
slurryc1440
sauce1836
1836 Rec. Gen. Sci. 3 302 [For colouring gold ornaments] 2 parts of saltpetre are mixed with 1 part of sea-salt and 1 part of Roman alum..dissolved in boiling water so as to form a very concentrated solution where the ornaments are placed. This solution is called the sauce.
1839 A. Ure Dict. Arts 1255 (Tobacco) Watering each layer [of tobacco]..with a solution of sea salt, of spec. grav. 1·107, called sauce.
1898 M. Whitney Methods Curing Tobacco (rev. ed.) 13 German Saucer is piebald leaf... It is used in the manufacture of plug [tobacco], and is called ‘Saucer’ on account of its treatment with certain liquors or sauces before manufacture.
5. Originally and chiefly U.S. Air Force slang. Fuel. Chiefly in to put on the sauce: to increase the flow of fuel to an engine in order to accelerate; (hence) to speed up. Cf. juice n. 1e. Now rare (chiefly historical).
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society > occupation and work > materials > fuel > chemical fuel > [noun] > liquid
naphthec1384
naphtha1543
paraffin1851
kerosene1854
octylene1857
shale-oil1857
coal oil1859
gasoline1863
octane1867
octene1868
octyne1877
gas1878
liquid fuel1889
petrol1895
mazut1897
white fuel1901
diesel oil1905
autogas1908
juice1909
sauce1918
power kerosene1919
petroil1921
ethyl1923
lox1923
kero1930
isooctane1932
high-octane1933
hi-octane1933
Calor1936
pool petrol1939
super1939
pool1940
derv1948
platformate1949
mixture1952
diesel1953
Mapp gas1962
gasohol1971
super unleaded1975
synoil1976
synjet1979
biodiesel1986
Orimulsion1987
1918 L. La Tourette Driggs Adventures of Arnold Adair Amer. Ace xii. 160 Dipping my wings as a signal to start, I put on the sauce, and we forged ahead.
1933 Pop. Aviation May 331/1 Stenseth put everything he had on stick and rudder and gave the Hisso the sauce.
1948 G. Millar Isabel & Sea (1983) vii. 74 You had better put on the sauce if you want to get much further.
1983 ‘S. Wahl’ Birth Rights xxx. 293 Suddenly he spotted a formation of American bombers..putting on the sauce towards the Allied lines.
6. slang (originally U.S.). With the.
a. Alcoholic drink. Cf. on the sauce at Phrases 8.Attested earliest in to hit the sauce: to drink heavily or excessively; cf. hit v. 23b.
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the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > [noun]
drink1042
liquor1340
bousea1350
cidera1382
dwale1393
sicera1400
barrelc1400
strong drinkc1405
watera1475
swig1548
tipple1581
amber1598
tickle-brain1598
malt pie1599
swill1602
spicket1615
lap1618
John Barleycornc1625
pottle1632
upsy Englisha1640
upsy Friese1648
tipplage1653
heartsease1668
fuddle1680
rosin1691
tea1693
suck1699
guzzlea1704
alcohol1742
the right stuff1748
intoxicant1757
lush1790
tear-brain1796
demon1799
rum1799
poison1805
fogram1808
swizzle1813
gatter1818
wine(s) and spirit(s)1819
mother's milkc1821
skink1823
alcoholics1832
jough1834
alky1844
waipiro1845
medicine1847
stimulant1848
booze1859
tiddly1859
neck oil1860
lotion1864
shrab1867
nose paint1880
fixing1882
wet1894
rabbit1895
shicker1900
jollop1920
mule1920
giggle-water1929
rookus juice1929
River Ouse1931
juice1932
lunatic soup1933
wallop1933
skimish1936
sauce1940
turps1945
grog1946
joy juice1960
1940 J. O'Hara Pal Joey 114 It made him sad and he almost began hitting the sauce.
1953 W. S. Burroughs Junkie xiii. 132 The first thing you have to do is cut down on the sauce and build up your health. You look terrible.
2003 Mojo Nov. 158/2 A particularly drunken foray to the Edinburgh Fringe Festival which convinced Goulden to give up the sauce.
b. A drug or drugs; narcotics. Cf. juice n. 1f. rare.In quot. with reference to heroin.
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1975 N. Freeling What are Bugles blowing For? xii. 74 Castang found a narcotics squad cop... Patricia was known, but not well. ‘She got off the sauce for nearly a year.’
III. Senses relating to behaviour; cf. saucy adj.1
7. An impudent, presumptuous, or impertinent person; a person who behaves in a saucy manner. Cf. Jack sauce n. at Jack n.2 Compounds 1b, saucebox n. Now rare.Often as a form of address (sometimes with prefixed title).rare after 17th cent.; in quot. 2003 perhaps recoined for humorous effect after sense 8 and saucy adj.1 1a.
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a1556 N. Udall Ralph Roister Doister (?1566) iii. iii. sig. E.jv Backe sir sauce, let gentlefolkes haue elbowe roome.
1591 Troublesome Raigne Iohn i. sig. C2v Good words sir sauce, your betters are in place.
1697 C. Cibber Womans Wit iii. 40 Why what's that to you, Sawce!
2003 Sun (Nexis) 10 May Don't take 'im on. He's a sauce!
8. colloquial. Sauciness; (originally) impudent, impertinent, or disrespectful speech or behaviour; irreverence, cheekiness; (now also in more positive sense) boldness, spirit; swagger; (also occasionally) provocative suggestiveness (cf. saucy adj.1 3). Cf. sass n. 2.Compare the similar earlier use in phrases ( Phrases 2a); cf. also sauce malapert n.
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the mind > emotion > pride > impudence > [noun] > pertness or brashness
sauciness1534
pertness1573
puppyism1776
sauce1786
puppyhood1849
puppydom1855
puppyishness1879
freshness1880
brashness1883
whipper-snapping1925
1786 W. Woty Country Gentleman i. i, in Fugitive 67 None of your Sauce, you Trollop!
1834 F. Marryat Jacob Faithful in Metrop. Mag. Feb. 137 He's full of his sauce, sir—you must forgive it.
1897 C. Morley Stud. Board Schools 217 My husban' wouldn't take none of his sauce.
1922 R. Berkeley French Leave i. 9 Now, no sauce from you, me lad, if you please.
2004 Mail on Sunday (Nexis) 24 Oct. (FB section) 21 Joan Collins has lost none of her sauce at 71 even shocking her American publishers into cutting sex scenes from her new novel, Misfortune's Daughters.
2020 Mail Online (Nexis) 28 Nov. He's playing with..a bit of sauce, swagger, there's a lot to like about him but we are in the early stage of this season.
Phrases
P1. In phrases suggesting that nothing sharpens the appetite or increases enjoyment of food as much as hunger; esp. in hunger is the best sauce and variants. Cf. hunger is the best kitchen, hunger is the best cook, etc. [Compare Middle French, French il n'est sauce que d'appetit (1577).]
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c1390 (a1376) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Vernon) (1867) A. vii. l. 249 Ete not, Ich hote þe, til hunger þe take, And sende þe sum of his sauce to sauer þe þe betere.
1542 N. Udall tr. Erasmus Apophthegmes f. 13v Houngre & thirste is for all thynges the beste sauce in the worlde.
1634 T. Herbert Relation Some Yeares Trauaile 12 Had they not so good a sauce as hunger.
1825 Manch. Courier 12 Nov. We fell to, neither of us wanting the best of all sauces—appetite.
1899 H. Inman Buffalo Jones' Forty Years Adventure iv. 43 What a change comes over the hungry hunter when his appetite (which is the best sauce) is appeased!
2019 Irish Times (Nexis) 4 May (Saturday Mag. section) 25 It's common knowledge that hunger is the best sauce for any meal.
P2. † a. to have eaten sauce: to be impudent or presumptuous; similarly to have drunk of sauce's cup. Obsolete.Cf. sense 8 and sauce v. 6.
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the mind > emotion > pride > impudence > be or become impudent [verb (intransitive)] > use impudent language
to have drunk of sauce's cup?1499
to have eaten sauce?1499
snash1802
to give cheek1825
sass1866
to talk back1869
back-chat1927
back-talk1934
?1499 J. Skelton Bowge of Courte (de Worde) sig. Aiij To be so perte..She sayde she trowed that I eten sause She asked yf euer I dranke of saucys cuppe.
a1529 J. Skelton Magnyfycence (?1530) sig. Diiiiv Ye haue eten sauce I trowe at the taylers hall.
b. colloquial. to give (a person) sauce: to speak or behave impudently or impertinently towards a person; cf. sauce v. 6.
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1823 Daily National Intelligencer (Washington) 24 Oct. Threatened to shoot him if he gave me any more of his sauce.
1872 Routledge's Every Boy's Ann. 614/1 Dennis had been in his tantrums..; he'd..given sauce to the monitors.
1916 Ration Sept. 157/2 ‘I shall dismiss you, if you give me any of your sauce,’ said Richard, the doctor.
2014 J. Stirling Whatever happened to Molly Bloom iv. 29 She was approaching sixteen, flirting freely with the boys in the cycle shop and giving sauce to Mr Coghlan, who..didn't seem to mind.
P3.
a. the same sauce: the same or similar treatment. Chiefly in to serve with the same sauce: to subject to the same or similar treatment, esp. by way of retaliation; similarly to give (a person) a sop of the same sauce. Also to taste of the same sauce: to undergo the same treatment; to have the same experience.
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1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. ccccxv. 726 If the flemynges had achyued the prise ouer them, they had bene serued of the same sauce.
1578 T. Ellis True Rep. Last Voy. Meta Incognita sig. A.vij.v We thought verily we should haue tasted of the same sauce.
1587 R. Greene Euphues sig. G3 Hee [sc. Cleophanes] thought to giue them a soppe of the same sauce, and to thrust out one wyle with another.
1605 Bloudy Bk. Sir J. Fitz sig. E The other man who was close by him..might wel haue beene serued with the same sawce likewise.
1704 J. Pitts True Acct. Mohammetans ix. 152 They sent for the French Consul, intending to serve him the same Sause.
1889 ‘R. Boldrewood’ Robbery under Arms xxxvi You deserve the same sauce..for..letting that ruffian torment these helpless ladies.
2006 D. Liss Double Dealer in J. Patterson Thriller 273 A man with one knee shot will go to great lengths to avoid having the other served with the same sauce.
b. what's sauce for the goose is sauce for the gander and variants: what is appropriate in one case or situation should also be appropriate in another similar case or situation; like cases should be treated in a like manner. Also in elaborated variants showing substitution of goose and gander, with the same meaning.Sometimes with allusion to the gender-specific meanings of goose and gander. Cf. goose n. 1b, gander n. 1a.
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1668 F. Kirkman Eng. Rogue II. xiii. 118 I could not justly complaine, seeing what was sauce for a Goose was sauce for a Gander.
1700 J. Collier Second Def. Short View Eng. Stage 37 That that's Sawce for a Goose is Sawce for a Gander.
1849 Common School Jrnl. (Boston) 1 Aug. 219 No one will deny that it would have been better for her not to have struck the teacher... ‘Sauce for the gosling sauce for the goose’ was evidently her maxim.
1900 A. Upward Ebenezer Lobb 295 It seemed to me as though what was sauce for the insured ought to have been sauce for the annuitant.
2021 Belfast Tel. (National ed.) (Nexis) 19 July 33 Gender equality would ensure that what was sauce for the gander was sauce for the goose.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > belief > uncertainty, doubt, hesitation > impossibility > [adverb] > by no means
no waya1400
in no sauce1542
for love or money?1576
nil1581
nohow1775
not exactly1893
1542 N. Udall tr. Erasmus Apophthegmes f. 265v An haulte courage towarde, and that could in no sauce abyde to bee putte backe.
1550 H. Latimer Moste Faithfull Serm. before Kynges Maiestye sig. Biiiiv And yet I remember I hadde preached vpon this epistle once afore kyng Henry the .viii, but now I could not frame with it, nor it liked me not in no sauce.
1603 W. Clark Replie Libell Father Parsons f. 8 And for his hauing beene Prouinciall, it more confirmeth the matter to such, as know the natures of the Iesuits: who hauing once beene Gouernours, loue not to be depriued of their soueraigntie in no sauce.
P5. sweet meat will have sour sauce and variants: a pleasurable experience (esp. a sinful or illicit one) is likely to be followed by unpleasant consequences. Now rare.
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a1529 J. Skelton Colyn Cloute (?1545) sig. B.iv Swete meate hath soure sauce.
1607 S. Hieron Christians Iournall in Wks. (1620) I. 20 The sweet meats of wickednes will haue the sowre sauce of wretchednes and misery.
1703 M. Pix Different Widows v. ii. 48 We shall have the Sweet Meat without the Sour Sauce; for every Wedding begins pleasantly, and ours will end before we have time to change.
1869 Worcs. Chron. 13 Oct. 2/5 The article proved..‘Cathartical’..to such a degree that Mr. Knapp was debarred from returning to his duties..for some days. The old and very true saying that ‘sweet meat will have sour sauce’ is exemplified in this instance.
1961 I. Stone Agony & Ecstasy vi. 363 Now after sweet meat, comes sour sauce. The Piccolomini heirs insist that you carve the balance of their statues.
P6. more sauce than meat and variants: used to imply that a work, theory, etc., is superficially pleasant or attractive, but contains little of real significance or substance. Now rare.
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1656 W. Langley Persecuted Minister ii. ii. 129 It hath more quickness than soundness, more sauce than meat, more difficulty than doctrne [sic], more doctrine than use.
1764 R. Griffith Triumvirate I. Pref. p. xiv. He has given us, according to the vulgar phrase, rather more sauce than pig.
1911 Times 22 Mar. 10/3 Playgoers of robust appetites will say it is..more sauce than fish.
1934 Daily Tel. 19 Sept. 8/3 After the interval Stravinsky brought in a different atmosphere, with his Four Orchestral Studies... All are excessively slight—more sauce than flesh..but characteristic.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > payment > pay [verb (intransitive)] > pay dearly or excessively
to pay sauce1659
to pay size1662
to pay through the nose1666
society > trade and finance > monetary value > price > high price or rate > [verb (transitive)] > cost (one) high price
standc1390
to cost one (dear) in the setting on1594
to pay sauce1659
1659 J. Evelyn Char. Eng. 63 The forbidden fruites are certaine trifling Tartes, Neates-tongues, Salacious meates, and bad Rhenish; for which the Gallants pay Sauce.
1686 tr. J. Chardin Coronation Solyman 107 in Trav. Persia All the Court..believ'd 'twould cost his ambition sauce; as indeed it fell out.
1718 P. Motteux Don Quixote (1733) II. 116 The Innkeeper..swore..that they should pay him Sauce for the Damage.
1814 Agric. Mag. Apr. 252 I know well enough it costs me sauce to keep rats and mice, but God forbid I should know how much, for if I did I should go crazy.
P8. on the sauce (with reference to alcohol consumption) drinking heavily, esp. habitually (cf. sense 6a). Cf. on the bottle at bottle n.3 Phrases 8.
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1949 New Yorker 9 Apr. 28/3 You ask me, he's back on the sauce.
1978 H. C. Rae Sullivan i. ii. 25 You're not in debt, on the sauce, going gay... I can't blackmail you.
2021 Medway Messenger (Nexis) 29 July There's more trouble generally, especially when you get a hot day like this and they have been on the sauce all afternoon.
Compounds
C1.
a. General use as a modifier (in sense 1a), as in sauce bottle, sauce tureen, etc.; also with agent nouns, forming compounds in which sauce expresses the object of the underlying verb, as in sauce maker, sauce deviser, etc. [Earlier in surnames, e.g. Rog. Saucemaker (1353).]
ΚΠ
c1380 in M. Sellers York Memorandum Bk. (1912) I. 155 (MED) Gravis querela facta erat..per artifices civitatis Salsarios (scilicet quos nos Salsemakers communiter appellamus) quod–licet de consuetudine actenus usitata gentes de salsemakercrafte, [etc.].
1562 W. Turner 2nd Pt. Herball f. 22 The succot makers and saucemakers.
1776 Pennsylvania Evening Post 27 Apr. 212/1 Blue and white and enamelled sauce Turennes, 2 sizes.
1808 Times 7 Jan. The marauders..had only the courage to take away six table and six dessert spoons..a silver salt-seller, and a sauce-ladle.
1884 Ld. Tennyson Becket Prol. 52 I know thee..A sauce-deviser for thy days of fish.
1908 Daily Chron. 5 Aug. 6/2 A sauce cook, at the Bath Club.
1925 F. W. Hodkin & A. Cousen Textbk. Glass Technol. v. 49 Glasses..of the type usually used for ordinary white flint glass, for medical, paste, and sauce bottles, and for those used in machines with automatic feeding devices.
2015 Observer 21 June (Food Monthly Suppl.) 37/2 The sauce ingredients echo those in a traditional jollof rice, and it's banging with chicken.
b. Chiefly U.S. General use as a modifier in sense 2a, esp. with reference to places where vegetables are grown for food, as in sauce garden, sauce patch, etc.See also sauceman n.
ΚΠ
1835 T. C. Haliburton in Novascotian 10 Dec. 363/2 They vegitate like a lettuce plant in sarse garden.
?1853 Trans. Norfolk Agric. Soc. for 1852 142 You have no gardens in this country; nothing but ‘sauce-yards’!
1875 Weekly Echo (Lake Charles, Louisiana) 11 Nov. Mere appendant gardens, lawns, lots and sauce-patches were not taken into account.
1923 Santa Ana (Calif.) Reg. 28 May (Editorial features section) 16/5 The Twins had helped the Ragsies put the sauce-patch garden into such fine order.
2017 K. E. Sheldon Afr. Women vii. 209 Women formerly had more access to certain low-lying plots for their ‘sauce’ gardens, but they had lost out to men who were growing crops for sale.
C2. With past participles, forming adjectives, as in sauce-covered, sauce-stained, etc.
ΚΠ
1864 Observer 16 Oct. 7/4 These queer brown sauce-covered kickshaws with which they served him.
1907 Oakland (Calif.) Tribune 18 Aug. 25/1 It was like butter and gave no more resistance to the teeth than did the sauce-soaked toast.
1975 Daily Mail 6 Nov. 19/1 The well-thumbed, sauce-stained pages of a long-overdue library book.
1988 N.Y. Mag. 7 Nov. 70/1 Grilled hot dogs, oniony burgers, and sauce-drenched ribs sated appetites whetted by snorkeling.
2015 Gold Coast Bull (Austral.) (Nexis) 8 Sept. 19 Traditional diners will be happy to see classics like sauce-smothered garlic prawns.
C3. † sauceman n. U.S. regional Obsolete a dealer in vegetables; cf. sense 2a.
ΚΠ
1828 Daily National Intelligencer (Washington) 17 Sept. The sauce-man emptied his cart as quick as possible into the street, for he said the vegetables would poison his hogs.
1837 N. Hawthorne in U.S. Mag. & Democratic Rev. Oct. 33 Behind comes a ‘sauceman,’ driving a wagon full of new potatoes, green ears of corn [etc.].
sauce oyster n. now rare an oyster of a type or quality typically used in sauces and other cooked dishes rather than being eaten raw.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > animals for food > seafood > [noun] > shell-fish or mollusc > oyster
oystereOE
Colchesterc1625
green oyster1667
mangrove oyster1683
pandore1701
Milton1749
sickle-oyster1758
bluepoint1789
native1815
powldoody1819
Red Bank oyster1830
raccoon oyster1834
sauce oyster1851
Portuguese oyster1881
relay1889
Portugal oyster1890
Malpeque1901
Marennes1905
Belon1908
Olympia oyster1908
Pacific oyster1912
Whitstable1940
Portugaise1942
Olympia1961
1851 Caledonian Mercury 13 Oct. (advt.) Sauce oysters only one shilling per hundred.
1871 John Bull 2 Dec. 838/3 You can get for sixteen-pence a dozen of what are called sauce oysters—oysters excellent good, but not of the delicate flavour which the epicure demands when he eats them alive.
1947 Dalkeith Advertiser 11 Dec. 6/4 American cocktail... Cayenne pepper to taste, 28 chilled sauce oysters.
sauce piquante n. (also sauce piquant) a sauce with sharp, tangy, or spicy flavour; (figurative and in figurative contexts) something regarded as having an arresting, exciting, or remarkable quality or effect; cf. sense 1d.In early use perhaps not a fixed collocation.
ΚΠ
1759 W. Verral Compl. Syst. Cookery 192 Pull off the skin [of the cardoon] on both sides, and put it into a sauce piquant.
1838 Countess of Blessington Confessions Elderly Lady 4 The editors..dress up a forgotten anecdote, or obsolete scandal, with the sauce piquant of inuendoes and exaggerations.
1934 C. Lambert Music Ho! iii. 206 The vicious spurts from the muted brass..are only..thorns protecting a fleshy cactus—a sauce piquante poured over a nice juicy steak.
2004 Internat. Herald Tribune (Nexis) 24 Dec. (Features section) 8 Snoek, a barracuda-like fish from South Africa said to be nearly palatable with a sauce piquante.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2022).
saucev.
/sɔːs/, U.S. /sɔs/, /sɑs/ 1.
a. transitive. In early use: to change or enhance the taste of (a dish) by adding a condiment or other ingredient; to season or flavour (food, drink, etc.) with something. Subsequently: to add a sauce to (a dish), esp. as a topping or accompaniment, or to enhance its flavour; (also with up) to embellish (a dish) by adding a sauce or sauces. Cf. sauce n. 1a.As with sauce n., attested earliest in figurative context; cf. quot. 1340 at sauce n. 1a.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation for table or cooking > seasoning > season [verb (transitive)]
savourc1384
seasonc1400
condimentc1420
powder?c1425
saucea1438
pointa1450
tastea1577
palate1610
scent1655
condite1657
zest1705
kitchen1720
dress1795
flavour1830
to zing up1953
zap1979
the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation for table or cooking > seasoning > season [verb (transitive)] > sauce
saucea1438
besaucea1674
alecize1852
a1438 Bk. Margery Kempe (1940) i. 170 (MED) Þer was a dyner of gret joy & gladnes, meche mor gostly þan bodily, for it was sawcyd & sawryd wyth talys of Holy Scriptur.
Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 441 Sawcyn, salmento. Sawcyn, wythe powder, idem quod powderyn.
c1450 in T. Austin Two 15th-cent. Cookery-bks. (1888) 116 Sauce hym withe pouudre of pepyr, and gyngeuere & mustarde, vynegre & salt, and serue hym forth.
1584 T. Cogan Hauen of Health cxxvi. 110 A..powder, to strow upon..Quinces, or Wardens, or to sauce a henne.
1614 Bp. J. Hall Contempl. II. O.T. v. 10 So to craue water, that it may not be sauced with bitternes.
1632 tr. G. Bruele Praxis Medicinæ 242 His meate may be sawced with iuyce of Pomegranates.
1736 Compl. Family-piece i. ii. 121 Sauce them [sc. cutlets] with Mustard, Butter, Shallot, Vinegar and Gravy.
1836 Mirror Lit., Amusem., & Instr. 31 Dec. 454/2 Who could eat it [sc. roast beef], sauced up as it was in bottled beer?
1883 American 7 120 However poor the meat it is well sauced.
1947 Evening Star (Washington, D.C.) 28 July b8/6 ‘Devilled.’ Something all sauced up with pepper, mustard and other hot condiments.
1975 Times 4 Oct. 12/4 A sole dish..said to be sauced with cream, wine and egg... The pale yellow sauce tasted sour.
2006 T: N.Y. Times Style Mag. 5 Nov. 112/2 We grill two rib-eyes and sauce them with a chimichurri.
b. transitive. figurative. To accompany (a meal, dish, etc.) with a particular activity, experience, etc., in such a way as to affect a person's enjoyment of it. Cf. sense 3.
ΚΠ
a1616 W. Shakespeare Comedy of Errors (1623) v. i. 74 Thou saist his meate was sawc'd with thy vpbraidings, Vnquiet meales make ill digestions.
a1661 B. Holyday in tr. Juvenal Satyres (1673) v. Notes 80 He endeavour'd to sauce their dishes with his scurrility.
1857 Family Economist 8 8/1 The Pilgrim of Science sauced his food as best he might, by alternate bouts of merriment and meditation.
1920 Argosy 12 June 121/1 Jimmie sauced the meal with rapid-fire humorous accounts of camp life.
2018 T. Pluck Life during Wartime (e-book ed.) The meal was sauced with the knowledge we were breaking a deeply held taboo.
2. transitive. To prepare (a capon, plaice, or tench) for the table, typically by carving and arranging the meat and adding a sauce. historical after 18th cent.Chiefly attested in, or with reference to, lists of technical terms associated with carving meat.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation for table or cooking > preparation of fowls > prepare fowls [verb (transitive)] > dress in specific way
saucea1450
spatchcock1879
a1450 Terms Assoc. in PMLA (1936) 51 604 A capone y sawsed, a hene y Swylyd..a tenche y sauset, a playse y sauset [a1475 Brogyntyn isaussyd].
1508 Bk. Keruynge (de Worde) sig. B.i Sauce that capon. Take vp a capon & lyfte vp the ryght legge and the ryght wynge..& laye hym in the plater as he sholde flee & serue your souerayne, & knowe well that capons or chekyns ben arayed after one saue the chekyns shall be sauced with grene sauce or vergyus.
1696 Whole Duty of Woman (ed. 2) viii. 143 To Sauce a Cock, Capon or Pullet.
1840 W. H. Ainsworth Tower of London ii. xxxix In the old terms of his art, he leached the brawn, reared the goose, sauced the capon [etc.].
2008 I. Mortimer Time Traveler's Guide Medieval Eng. (2011) viii. 182 When the marshal of the hall directs you to ‘sauce that capon’, ‘break that deer’, or ‘display that crane’ you need to know which are the tastiest morsels for presentation to the lord.
3. figurative. To influence the character or quality of (an experience, situation, action, work, etc.) by introducing an additional element or feature. Cf. sauce n. 1d.† a. transitive. To introduce a bitter, disagreeable, or unpleasant element or accompaniment to (an experience, situation, etc.); to taint or blight with something unpleasant. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > suffering > cause of mental pain or suffering > exacerbation of suffering > exacerbate suffering [verb (transitive)]
sauce?1518
exasperate1561
aggravate1576
inasperate1592
to set forward1611
exacerbate1660
aggregea1678
sharpen1768
embitter1781
nettle1821
exaggerate1850
the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > cause or effect (harm) [verb (transitive)] > do harm or injury to > affect detrimentally > by an unpleasant element
allayc1225
sauce?1518
distemper1594
allay1634
alloy1832
?1518 A. Barclay tr. D. Mancinus Myrrour Good Maners sig. Eiiiv Joy saucyd is: with peyne.
1565 T. Stapleton Fortresse of Faith f. 25 Caluin..sauceth the swete and true doctrine, with the cancred venim of heresy.
1655 E. Terry Voy. E.-India 120 The Contents there found by such as have lived in those parts, are sour'd and sauc'd with many unpleasing things.
b. transitive. To introduce a pleasant or agreeable element or accompaniment to (an experience, situation, etc.), esp. in order to make something unpleasant or disagreeable seem less so; to temper or sweeten (something disagreeable) with a more pleasant thing. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > pleasure > action of making pleasant > make pleasant [verb (transitive)]
sugar1412
saucec1530
gratify1577
sweetena1586
candy1592
rose-water1655
candify1777
genialize1821
sugar-coat1870
treacle1873
c1530 A. Barclay Egloges ii. sig. Hv Their dysputacyon Is swetely sawsyth, with adulacyon.
1561 T. Hoby tr. B. Castiglione Courtyer i. sig. B.iiii Other..do..sauce their sorowes with sweetenesse.
1621 in R. F. Williams Birch's Court & Times James I (1848) (modernized text) II. 127 This sad news I shall sauce with a little that is more pleasant.
1849 S. Smith Mother Country iii. 43 The richest will not lose one of the advantages which he at present can command, sauced with perfect security for the continuance of his happiness, and with the precious condiment of neighbourly good-will.
1935 G. Blake Shipbuilders (1986) x. 319 So it transpired, sheer happiness saucing the luxury of that last evening alone.
c. transitive. To introduce an element of variety into (an experience, situation, etc.), esp. so as to add piquancy or poignancy; to make (something) more interesting or exciting; to enliven with something; (now also) to make bolder or more daring. Now also with up. Cf. spice v. 1b.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > excitement > pleasurable excitement > affect with pleasurable excitement [verb (transitive)] > make piquantly exciting
farcea1340
seasonc1520
spice1529
sauce?1534
salt1576
savour1578
cantharidize1812
whoosh1909
zap1979
?1534 tr. Dialoge Julius sig. dv They saused all theyr wrytynges in with holy scrypture.
1576 S. Gosson Speculum Humanum in H. Kerton tr. Pope Innocent III Mirror Mans Lyfe (new ed.) sig. C.viv Casting before our eyes the glorious shape of some gallant dame, whereby the feeble minde is secretly sauced with amorous desires.
a1612 J. Harington Briefe View State Church of Eng. (1653) 196 A chearfull sharpness of wit, that so sawced all his words and behaviour, that well was he in the University, that could be in the Company of Thoby Matthew.
1745 Compliment of Congratulation 18 The next Court-Ballad, or Pamphlet, may..be powdered with some of that Attic Salt, which has so often sauced the Compositions on the Country-Side.
1843 Satirist 12 Mar. 86/1 The adapter of the piece, has ‘sauced’ his version of it with sundry rich and emphatic phrases.
1924 Times 14 Feb. 12/2 The President has caught the feeling of the country—a feeling liberally sauced with suspicion of both the great political organizations.
1988 P. Iyer Video Night in Kathmandu (2001) 181 Many of the young dudes here..had the cocky strut of aspiring rock stars, and many of the girls, saucing up their natural freshness, the apprehensive flair of would-be models.
2009 Daily Tel. 6 July 27/1 Certainly he conducted business on his own unvarnished terms, deploying an almost comic machine-gun rattle of Brooklynese argot, liberally sauced with ripe invective.
4. transitive. To reprimand or chastise (a person); to rebuke, scold, admonish. Now rare (English regional (northern) in later use).In quot. 1651: spec. to chastise (a person) by beating.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disapproval > rebuke or reproof > rebuke or reprove [verb (transitive)]
threac897
threapc897
begripea1000
threata1000
castea1200
chaste?c1225
takec1275
blame1297
chastya1300
sniba1300
withnima1315
undernima1325
rebukec1330
snuba1340
withtakea1340
reprovec1350
chastisea1375
arate1377
challenge1377
undertake1377
reprehenda1382
repreync1390
runta1398
snapea1400
underfoc1400
to call to account1434
to put downc1440
snebc1440
uptakec1440
correptc1449
reformc1450
reprise?c1450
to tell (a person) his (also her, etc.) own1450
control1451
redarguec1475
berisp1481
to hit (cross) one over (of, on) the thumbs1522
checkc1530
admonish1541
nip1548
twig?1550
impreve1552
lesson1555
to take down1562
to haul (a person) over the coals1565
increpate1570
touch1570
school1573
to gather up1577
task1580
redarguate?1590
expostulate1592
tutor1599
sauce1601
snip1601
sneap1611
to take in tax1635
to sharp up1647
round1653
threapen1671
reprimand1681
to take to task1682
document1690
chapter1693
repulse1746
twink1747
to speak to ——1753
haul1795
to pull up1799
carpet1840
rig1841
to talk to1860
to take (a person) to the woodshed1882
rawhide1895
to tell off1897
to tell (someone) where he or she gets off1900
to get on ——1904
to put (a person) in (also into) his, her place1908
strafe1915
tick1915
woodshed1935
to slap (a person) down1938
sort1941
bind1942
bottle1946
mat1948
ream1950
zap1961
elder1967
the world > movement > impact > striking > beating or repeated striking > beat [verb (transitive)] > specifically a person
to-beatc893
threshOE
bustc1225
to lay on or upon?c1225
berrya1250
to-bunea1250
touchc1330
arrayc1380
byfrapc1380
boxc1390
swinga1400
forbeatc1420
peal?a1425
routa1425
noddlea1450
forslinger1481
wipe1523
trima1529
baste1533
waulk1533
slip1535
peppera1550
bethwack1555
kembc1566
to beat (a person) black and blue1568
beswinge1568
paik1568
trounce1568
canvass1573
swaddle?1577
bebaste1582
besoop1589
bumfeage1589
dry-beat1589
feague1589
lamback1589
clapperclaw1590
thrash1593
belam1595
lam1595
beswaddle1598
bumfeagle1598
belabour1600
tew1600
flesh-baste1611
dust1612
feeze1612
mill1612
verberate1614
bethumpa1616
rebuke1619
bemaul1620
tabor1624
maula1627
batterfang1630
dry-baste1630
lambaste1637
thunder-thump1637
cullis1639
dry-banga1640
nuddle1640
sauce1651
feak1652
cotton1654
fustigate1656
brush1665
squab1668
raddle1677
to tan (a person's) hide1679
slam1691
bebump1694
to give (a person) his load1694
fag1699
towel1705
to kick a person's butt1741
fum1790
devel1807
bray1808
to beat (also scare, etc.) someone's daylights out1813
mug1818
to knock (a person) into the middle of next week1821
welt1823
hidea1825
slate1825
targe1825
wallop1825
pounce1827
to lay into1838
flake1841
muzzle1843
paste1846
looder1850
frail1851
snake1859
fettle1863
to do over1866
jacket1875
to knock seven kinds of —— out of (a person)1877
to take apart1880
splatter1881
to beat (knock, etc.) the tar out of1884
to —— the shit out of (a person or thing)1886
to do up1887
to —— (the) hell out of1887
to beat — bells out of a person1890
soak1892
to punch out1893
stoush1893
to work over1903
to beat up1907
to punch up1907
cream1929
shellac1930
to —— the bejesus out of (a person or thing)1931
duff1943
clobber1944
to fill in1948
to bash up1954
to —— seven shades of —— out of (a person or thing)1976
to —— seven shades out of (a person or thing)1983
beast1990
becurry-
fan-
1601 B. Jonson Every Man in his Humor iii. v. sig. H3v Oh he hath basted me rarely, sumptiously: but I haue it heare will sause him. View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare As you like It (1623) iii. v. 70 As fast As she answeres thee with frowning lookes, ile sauce Her with bitter words. View more context for this quotation
1651 J. Mennes in J. Smith Loves Hero & Leander 57 And doe not sawce me openly. Yes sir, Ile sawce you openly.
1882 A. B. Taylor Westmoreland Sketches 5 in Eng. Dial. Dict. (1904) V. 223/2 Sheed tell em a lot a lees to git off being sased for spillin t'cofe an stuff.
1901 T. W. Wilson T'Bacca Queen (1902) xxiii. 205 I says, ‘David lad, if I wed tha will ta sarce ma?’ and he says, ‘Gie ma a good yam to come back tull, and Is'e niver sarce tha!’
a1981 in Jrnl. Lancs. Dial. Soc. Jan. (1984) 18/2 Sauce, scold.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > charges > [verb (transitive)] > overcharge
overchargea1400
surcharge1429
overset?1533
sauce1602
hoist1607
over-reckon1615
extortionc1650
sock1699
fleece1719
soak1895
slug1925
rob1934
1602 W. Shakespeare Merry Wives of Windsor iv. iii. 9 They must come off, Ile sawce them.
1617 W. Fennor Compters Common-wealth vi. 46 When it begins to bee late they call for something to supper, and according to the lining of the poore mans purse will sauce him.
6. transitive. colloquial. To be impudent or impertinent to (a person, esp. someone in authority); to be rude or cheeky to. Cf. sass v. 1a.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > pride > impudence > treat impudently [verb (transitive)] > speak impudently to
sauce1822
to give (a person) sauce1823
sass1836
cheek1840
chin1871
lip1898
back-sass1917
smart-mouth1970
1822 Westmorland Gaz. & Kendal Advertiser 14 Sept. The afflicted prisoner was asked the cause of the misfortune, when she said the child had been ‘saucing’ her.
1864 Doncaster Chron. 4 Mar. I have never been saucy to Mr. Sykes; I have ‘sauced’ the men who have been working for him.
1962 D. Lessing Golden Notebk. ii. 274 He sauced her with his eyes; sitting up broad, solid, pink-cheeked; very sure of himself.
2016 _AnitraKianna 2 May in twitter.com (accessed 6 Aug. 2021) You sauce me, I'm saucing you back. Right along with ya friends. My brothers taught me better.
Phrases
ΚΠ
1579 S. Gosson Apol. Schoole of Abuse in Ephemerides Phialo f. 90v Hunger sauceth euery meate.
a1643 J. Shute Sarah & Hagar (1649) 136 Saith Saint Basil ‘Fasting..sauceth best the use of meats’.
ΚΠ
a1726 J. Vanbrugh Journey to London (1728) i. ii. 14 But heavy George, and fat Tom are after 'em..; they'll sawce their Jackets for 'em, I'll warrant 'em.
1930 K. Hare Roads & Vagabonds ii. 42 You shall see some maor of me. I'll sauce your jacket for you!
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2022).
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n.1340
v.a1438