sarafn.

/saˈrɑːf/

Forms: Also 1500s xaraffe, xaraffo, 1600s charaff, xaraf, xaroff, xeraffo, 1800s sarraf, saraff, serof, seraff. See also shroff n.

Etymology: Persian, etc., < Arabic çarrāf, < çarafa to exchange, corresponding to Hebrew çāraph to refine, assay (gold or silver), whence çōrēph refiner, worker in gold. Compare French cherafe (17th cent.), Portuguese xarrafo, çarafo (16th cent.).

A banker or money-changer in the East; = shroff n.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > financial dealings > types of money-dealing > [noun] > money-changing > money changer

mintereOE

money-maker1297

changera1325

collybistc1380

moneyera1400

money changerc1400

nummularianc1429

wisseler1481

argenter1483

banker1484

exchanger1539

tablera1557

saraf1598

shroff1618

coin-courser1652

1598 W. Phillip tr. J. H. van Linschoten Disc. Voy. E. & W. Indies i. xxxiii. 66/1 There is in euery place of the street exchangers of mony, by them [sc. Heathens] called Xaraffos, which are all christian Iewes.

1598 W. Phillip tr. J. H. van Linschoten Disc. Voy. E. & W. Indies i. xxxv. 69/2 Xaraffes.

1628 in W. Foster Eng. Factories India 1624–9 (1909) 296 We lye at the mercy of the xaroffs or exchangers of monie.

1662 J. Davies tr. A. Olearius Voy. & Trav. J. Albert de Mandelslo 93 in Voy. & Trav. Ambassadors In the presence of the Xaraf, or Money-changers.

1662 J. Davies tr. A. Olearius Voy. & Trav. Ambassadors vi. 330 The money-changers, whom they call Xeraffi [in Persia].

1678 J. Phillips tr. J.-B. Tavernier Indian Trav. Acct. Money Asia 4 in tr. J.-B. Tavernier Six Voy. There is no considerable payment made, which is not received by the Cheraff or Banker.

1811 tr. Niebuhr's Trav. Arabia liii, in J. Pinkerton Gen. Coll. Voy. X. 71 He sent us to receive the money from his Saraf, or banker.

1877 J. C. McCoan Egypt as it Is 115 The mâmour..till the recent reform appointing a Controller-General of Receipts, received the taxes from the saraffs.

1883 C. J. Wills In Land of Lion & Sun xvii. 192 The business of the serof is despised as being a usurer on the sly.

1897 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. July 24/2 They [sc. Armenians] prospered as our ‘Sarrafs’.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1909; most recently modified version published online September 2021).

单词	saraf
释义	sarafn. /saˈrɑːf/ Forms: Also 1500s xaraffe, xaraffo, 1600s charaff, xaraf, xaroff, xeraffo, 1800s sarraf, saraff, serof, seraff. See also shroff n. Etymology: Persian, etc., < Arabic çarrāf, < çarafa to exchange, corresponding to Hebrew çāraph to refine, assay (gold or silver), whence çōrēph refiner, worker in gold. Compare French cherafe (17th cent.), Portuguese xarrafo, çarafo (16th cent.). A banker or money-changer in the East; = shroff n. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > financial dealings > types of money-dealing > [noun] > money-changing > money changer mintereOE money-maker1297 changera1325 collybistc1380 moneyera1400 money changerc1400 nummularianc1429 wisseler1481 argenter1483 banker1484 exchanger1539 tablera1557 saraf1598 shroff1618 coin-courser1652 1598 W. Phillip tr. J. H. van Linschoten Disc. Voy. E. & W. Indies i. xxxiii. 66/1 There is in euery place of the street exchangers of mony, by them [sc. Heathens] called Xaraffos, which are all christian Iewes. 1598 W. Phillip tr. J. H. van Linschoten Disc. Voy. E. & W. Indies i. xxxv. 69/2 Xaraffes. 1628 in W. Foster Eng. Factories India 1624–9 (1909) 296 We lye at the mercy of the xaroffs or exchangers of monie. 1662 J. Davies tr. A. Olearius Voy. & Trav. J. Albert de Mandelslo 93 in Voy. & Trav. Ambassadors In the presence of the Xaraf, or Money-changers. 1662 J. Davies tr. A. Olearius Voy. & Trav. Ambassadors vi. 330 The money-changers, whom they call Xeraffi [in Persia]. 1678 J. Phillips tr. J.-B. Tavernier Indian Trav. Acct. Money Asia 4 in tr. J.-B. Tavernier Six Voy. There is no considerable payment made, which is not received by the Cheraff or Banker. 1811 tr. Niebuhr's Trav. Arabia liii, in J. Pinkerton Gen. Coll. Voy. X. 71 He sent us to receive the money from his Saraf, or banker. 1877 J. C. McCoan Egypt as it Is 115 The mâmour..till the recent reform appointing a Controller-General of Receipts, received the taxes from the saraffs. 1883 C. J. Wills In Land of Lion & Sun xvii. 192 The business of the serof is despised as being a usurer on the sly. 1897 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. July 24/2 They [sc. Armenians] prospered as our ‘Sarrafs’. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1909; most recently modified version published online September 2021). < n.1598
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