| 释义 |
satyrn. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Partly a borrowing from French. Etymons: Latin satyrus; French satyre. Etymology: Partly < classical Latin satyrus (see below), and partly (in later use) < Middle French satire, satyre (French satyre) (late 14th cent.) < classical Latin satyrus (also saturus (2nd cent. a.d.)) demigod of wild places, such a creature as represented on the stage, kind of ape, (plural) play in which the chorus consisted of satyrs < ancient Greek σάτυρος demigod of wild places, (plural) play in which the chorus consisted of satyrs, in Hellenistic Greek also (singular) kind of ape; of uncertain origin; perhaps a loanword.Compare Spanish sátiro (13th cent.), Old Occitan satiri , Portuguese sátiro , Italian satiro (all 14th cent.). Specific forms. In α. forms directly < classical Latin satyrus, plural satyrī. Specific senses. Sense 1b apparently resulted from confusion between the words satiric adj. and satyric adj., which gave rise to the belief that the satyrs who formed the chorus of the Greek satyric drama had to deliver ‘satirical’ speeches. In sense 4 after satyral n. In sense 5 after scientific Latin Satyridae, family name (see satyrid n., and compare the scientific Latin genus name cited at that entry). 1. the world > the supernatural > deity > classical deity > [noun] > satyr a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden (St. John's Cambr.) (1865) I. 169 Þere is ofte by nyȝte i-seie fire, fauni, and satyri [L. satyri]. a1413 (c1385) G. Chaucer (Pierpont Morgan) (1882) iv. l. 1544 And this on euery god celestial I swere it yow..On euery Nymphe and deite infernal On satiry and fawny more lesse That halue goddes ben of wildernesse. 1484 W. Caxton tr. xxii. f. cxvijv The wodewose or Satyre ledde the pylgrym in to his pytte. 1560 Isa. xiii. 21 Ostriches shal dwell there, & the Satyrs [1611 King James Satyres] shal dance there. 1581 G. Pettie tr. S. Guazzo (1586) iii. 157 A milkemaide of the countrie, who will haue as good a grace amongst other women, as a Satyre would haue amongst the Nymphes. 1613 G. Markham f. 38v The Wood-gods and Satyrs leaue their well-closed thickets to come and be witnesses of our actions. 1666 tr. Horace Ode xix, in A. Brome et al. tr. Horace ii. 77 On Rocks remote I Bacchus chanc'd t'espy,..Listning Nymphs, and Satyrs there With Goat-feet. 1700 W. Congreve iii. i. 49 Sure I was born with budding Antlers like a young Satyre. 1781 W. Cowper 199 The Fauns and Satyrs, a lascivious race. 1848 A. Jameson (1850) 64 The head has the god-like ugliness and malignity of a satyr. 1967 R. Sutcliff vi. 92 Her magenta veil making a path of crude colour against the faded frieze of nymphs and satyrs. 2002 D. H. Sterry (2003) xvii. 190 He was dressed as a satyr, the mythological half man half beast who embodies raw sexuality and is hung like a horse. 1579 T. Lodge 36 They presented the liues of Satyers, So that they might wiselye vnder the abuse of that name, discouer the follies of many theyr folish fellow citesens. a1592 R. Greene (1593) ii. To Rdrs. sig. A3v Let Momus mocke, and Zoilus enuie,..yea, let the sauage Satyre himselfe, whose cynicall censure is more seuere than need, frowne at his, pleasure. 1653 Duchess of Newcastle 159 Censuring Satyrs, they in corners lurke. society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > lasciviousness or lust > [noun] > lascivious or lustful person > lustful man 1591 R. W. sig. D For life and conuersation (I shame to tell it) what was he but a most impure and lecherous Satyr? 1674 iii. 137 May that old Satyr in desire, Through his glass Eyes thee still admire; When thou ly'st down in wanton play, To feast his sight seem'st Milky-way. 1782 W. Cowper Conversation in 214 The heathen law-givers of antient days,..Would drive them forth from the resort of men, And shut up ev'ry satyr in his den. 1892 Oct. 420/2 At the slightest signal they would have fallen upon this worn-out satyr and rent him limb from limb. 1937 W. Lewis (1972) v. i. 200 As a veteran satyr he always fell for the pouting mouth, and the blank rounded eye, of pseudo ten-year-olds. 2013 15 Apr. 47/3 Shaw turns up in ‘Light Years’, as a besotted satyr who courts Nedra in a Swiss hotel. the world > animals > mammals > order Primates > suborder Anthropoidea (higher primates) > [noun] > group Catarrhinae (Old World monkey) > member of superfamily Hominoidea (apes and humans) > family Pongidae (ape) > unspecified type of the world > animals > mammals > order Primates > suborder Anthropoidea (higher primates) > [noun] > group Catarrhinae (Old World monkey) > member of superfamily Hominoidea (apes and humans) > family Pongidae (ape) > genus Pongo (orang-outang) a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xviii. xcvi. 1246 Of apes ben fyue maner kyndes... Som is satirus, plesyng in face, wiþ mery moeuynges and pleyinges. 1613 S. Purchas vi. i. 466 Other Apes there are store, and as Solinus reporteth, Satyres with feet like Goates, and Sphynges, with breasts like women, and hairie. 1653 J. Bulwer (rev. ed.) 437 Of some such kind of extraction that Indian Satyr seems to have been described by Tulpius, that was brought from Angola in his time... He was called by the Indians Orang-Outang, or a wild man. 1780 W. Smellie tr. Comte de Buffon V. 120 The satyr, or man of the wood, whose figure differs less from that of a man than of an ape, is peculiar to Africa and the South of Asia, and exists not in America. 1861 J. G. Wood (new ed.) I. 25 The ruddy colour of the hair of these Satyrs is especially noticed,..the Orang-outan is at once distinguishable..by the reddish, chestnut colour of its hair. 1924 W. T. Hornaday xviii. 187 But Fortune was kind to me in a certain year of the Past, and gave me my chance to see orang-utans of all ages and sizes in their own Bornean home. It was an orgy of red satyr apes. 2002 J. Marks i. 15 Tulp's ‘satyr’ looks more like an orangutan than like anything else, and he tells us that ‘it is called by the Indians orang-outang’, but he also says his specimen didn't come from the Indies, but from Angola, and it had black hair. 1714 A. Smith (ed. 2) II. 136 He left off picking Pockets, and got into a Gang of Satyrs who are Men living wild in the Fields, that keep their Holds and Dwellings in the Country and forsaken Places, stealing Horses, Kine, Sheep, and all other sort of Cattle. 1734 ‘C. Johnson’ 186/2 There is in Ireland, a Sort of Men, whom we may properly enough call Satyrs, from their living in Woods, and desart Places... These People never came to any Towns, but continue in their private Holds, stealing Horses, Kine, Sheep, and all sorts of Cattle that came in their Way. society > communication > indication > insignia > heraldic devices collective > heraldic representations of creatures > [noun] > monsters 1845 M. A. Lower iv. 101 The satyr or satyral exhibits a human face attached to the body of a lion, and has the horns and tail of an antelope. 1998 D. N. Johnson in C. Manning 241/1 The male human-headed lion in heraldry is divided into two types.., the satyr or satyral, an older man with long, twin-spiral antelope horns on his forehead, and the younger, less bizarre and more common version known as a lympago. the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > Rhopalocera (butterflies) > [noun] > family Satyridae > member of 1870 E. Newman (1871) v. 77 (heading) Satyrs (in science Satyridæ). 1917 C. C. Brown ix. 36 The Georgian Satyr who lives in the oaks and pines. 1999 P. T. Sutton & C. Sutton 130/2 Male satyrs patrol along woodland trails and shady wooded edges. Compounds C1. 1717 T. Parnell To Mr. Pope in A. Pope A Satyr-train, Peeps o'er their head, and laughs behind the Scene. a1746 E. Holdsworth (1768) 23 Virgil here speaks of a feast just like this; and of the Pan or Satyr-dance. 1850 Ld. Tennyson xxxv. 55 In his coarsest Satyr -shape. View more context for this quotation 1876 E. Dowden 4 Where the green Margin-grass..Thirsting steer, nor goat-hoof rude Of the branch-sundering Satyr brood Has ever pashed. 1944 L. MacNeice 49 Not smut but satyr-talk, not clever but wise. 2002 21 218 The most reliable evidence for the appearance of fifth-century theater-satyrs consists of those paintings that clearly depict men wearing satyr costumes. 1598 E. Guilpin i. sig. C3 Thys leaden-heeled passion is to dull, To keepe pace with this Satyre-footed gull. 1827 S. B. H. Judah II. iv. 310 Huge satyr legged tables, monstrous chairs, with damask cushions and feet of lions' claws, and other articles equally unwieldy and sumptuously ornamented. 1883 J. G. Whittier 31 Calm as the hour, methinks I feel A sense of worship o'er me steal; Not that of satyr-charming Pan. 1924 E. Sitwell xv. 53 From satyr-haunted caverns drip These lovely airs on brow and lip. 1928 E. Blunden 38 And almost catch the horned and rude Woodgod at gaze ere satyr-shrewd He dodges by. 2001 51 94/1 The majority..of the satyr-headed attachments have a wreath of ivy. C2. society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > drama > [noun] > other types or branches 1839 T. Mitchell in Aristophanes Introd. p. civ The Lycurgean Tetralogue of Æschylus consisted..of the Edoni, the Bassarides, the Neanisci, and Lycurgus; the last being consequently a satyr-drama. 1906 27 321 The famous story of the ass and the dipsas..was also found in the Κωϕοὶ Σάτυροι, a lost Satyr-drama of Sophokles. 2013 133 219/2 He is a stock character in comedy and satyr drama. society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > drama > a play > [noun] > a comedy > other types of comedy 1845 2 361 Dancing was banished from tragedy, but was retained in comedy and the satyr-plays. 1915 10 155 When the comedies were restricted to three, they were naturally performed one on each of the last three days, after that day's tragedies and satyr-play. 2005 19 Aug. 21/7 The comic genre of kyogen..has its own laws, functioning like Ancient Greek satyr plays as light relief between the ‘serious’ dramas of the five-play all-day Noh cycle. the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > Heterocera > [noun] > family Hydriomenidae > various members of 1869 E. Newman 126 The Satyr Pug. 2006 R. Thompson & B. Nelson iii. 143 All the recent records of Satyr Pug are from the southern half of Northern Ireland, in Armagh, Down and west Fermanagh. Derivatives 1582 T. Watson lxxv. sig. K2 Faire Antiopa, whose fruitefull loue He gayned Satyr like. 1584 W. Warner sig. X4 After many Satirlike freakes, with nimble feet & swift flight, they skud awaye into the nearest woods, wildly boulting through the Thickets. 1645 J. Strong sig. A3 Their Monster-children, Satyre-like all hairy, distorted in their limbs, dwarfish in stature. 1783 July 12/2 A long curl of rams-horn shape, continued from the ear almost to the top of the head. This gives the wearer a most ravishing and satyr-like semblance! 1882 ‘Ouida’ I. viii. 187 The figure of a shepherd, satyr-like and clad in goatskin. 1914 4 July 279/1 In winter they seek the sands of Florida and dance thereon satyrlike. 2016 (Nexis) 13 Apr. Portraits of Charles II..made no attempt to hide his thick eyebrows, poor complexion and almost satyr-like ugliness. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022). <  n.a1387 |
