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单词 saturday
释义

Saturdayn.adv.

Brit. /ˈsatədeɪ/, /ˈsatədi/, U.S. /ˈsædərˌdeɪ/, /ˈsædərdi/
Forms:

α. Old English Sæternesdæg, Old English Sæternesdæig (rare), Old English Sæternesdeg (rare), Old English Saternesdæg (rare), Old English Seternesdæg (rare), Old English Seternesdeg (rare), late Old English Seternesdeag, early Middle English Sæternesdæȝ, early Middle English Seternesdæȝ, Middle English Saturnesday, Middle English Saturnsdaie; Scottish pre-1700 Satternsday, pre-1700 Saturne his day, pre-1700 1700s Saturnsday.

β. Old English Sæterndæg, late Middle English (in a late copy) 1600s Saturneday, 1600s Saturnday; Scottish pre-1700 Saiturnday, pre-1700 Saturneday, pre-1700 1700s Saturnday; N.E.D. (1909) also records a form early Middle English Sæterndaiȝ.

γ. Old English Sæteresdæg (rare), Old English Sætersdæg (rare), Old English Sætresdæg, Old English Sætresðæg (probably transmission error), early Middle English Sæteresdæȝ, early Middle English Sateresdai, early Middle English Setteresdei, early Middle English Settresday, Middle English Satirsday, Middle English Saturesday, Middle English Satursdai, Middle English Satursdaye, Middle English Setersdai, Middle English Setrysday, 1600s Satersday; Scottish pre-1700 Sateruris day (Galloway).

δ. Old English Sæterdæg (rare), late Old English Sæterdæig, late Old English Saterdæg, early Middle English Sætterdæi, early Middle English Saterdayȝ, early Middle English Saterdei, early Middle English Saterrdaȝȝ ( Ormulum), Middle English Ceterday, Middle English Satirdai, Middle English Satirdaie, Middle English Satirday, Middle English Satreday, Middle English Sattyrday, Middle English Saturdai, Middle English Seterdai, Middle English Seterdaye, Middle English Setirday, Middle English Setrday, Middle English Setryday, Middle English Settyrday, Middle English Seturdaie, Middle English Seturday, Middle English Setyrday, Middle English Zeterday (south-eastern), Middle English Zeterdey (south-eastern), Middle English–1500s Satterdaye, Middle English–1500s Saturdaie, Middle English–1500s Satyrday, Middle English–1500s Scaturday, Middle English–1500s Seterday, Middle English–1500s Setterday, Middle English–1500s (1900s– Irish English (northern)) Setturday, Middle English–1600s Saterday, Middle English–1600s Saterdaye, Middle English–1600s Satterday, Middle English– Saturday, 1500s Satorday, 1500s Satoreday, 1500s Sattorday, 1500s Satturdaie, 1500s Satturdaye, 1500s Saturdaye, 1500s Sitterday, 1500s–1600s Saterdaie, 1500s–1600s Satterdaie, 1600s Satherday, 1600s Saturdaij, 1600s Sotturday, 1700s–1800s Zathardei (Irish English (Wexford)), 1800s– Satday (regional and nonstandard), 1800s– Sat'day (regional and nonstandard); English regional (chiefly northern) 1800s Sathuday, 1800s Setterda, 1800s Settherday, 1800s– Setterday, 1900s– Satterda, 1900s– Sattherda, 1900s– Setterdah, 1900s– Settherda; U.S. regional 1800s– Sadday, 1800s– Saddy, 1900s– Sadaday, 1900s– Saday, 1900s– Sad’day, 1900s– Sadd’y, 1900s– Sairday, 1900s– Sarady, 1900s– Sat-dy, 1900s– Sat’d’y, 1900s– Satiddy, 1900s– Sattady, 1900s– Sattyday; Scottish pre-1700 Saterday, pre-1700 Saterdaye, pre-1700 Sathurday, pre-1700 Satirday, pre-1700 Satterday, pre-1700 Sattirday, pre-1700 Satturday, pre-1700 Saturdaye, pre-1700 Seterdaye, pre-1700 Setorday, pre-1700 Setretday, pre-1700 Setterda, pre-1700 Setterdaye, pre-1700 Setterdy, pre-1700 Settirday, pre-1700 Settyrday, pre-1700 1700s– Saturday, pre-1700 1800s Saiterday, pre-1700 1800s Seterday, pre-1700 1800s– Setterday, 1800s Saiturday, 1800s Setarday, 1900s– Se'erday (midlands), 1900s– Setterdae (Orkney), 1900s– Setturday, 1900s– Seturday; N.E.D. (1909) also records a form early Middle English Sæterdaiȝ.

Origin: A word inherited from Germanic; modelled on a Latin lexical item.
Etymology: Cognate with or formed similarly to Old Frisian sāterdei , Middle Dutch saterdach (Dutch zaterdag ), Middle Low German sātersdach , sāterdach (German regional (Low German) saterdag ; > Middle High German satertac , German regional (northern) Satertag ) < classical Latin Sāturnus , the name of (the planet) Saturn + the Germanic base of day n., after classical Latin Sāturnī diēs day of (the planet) Saturn. Compare Hellenistic Greek Κρονοῦ ἡμέρα (probably after Latin). Compare sabbath n.In the α. forms, the first element shows an English genitive formed from the name of Saturn . The Latin days of the week in imperial Rome were named after the planets, which in turn were named after gods (see discussion at week n.). In most cases the Germanic names have substituted for the Roman god's name that of a comparable one from the Germanic pantheon, but in the case of Saturday , the Roman name was retained and borrowed. German deviates from the West Germanic naming practice; compare Old High German sambastac (see note at sabbath n.) and sunnūnāband (see note at Sunnight n.). The Romance languages continue the alternative post-classical Latin name sabbatum or dies sabbati (see sabbath n.). Compare ( < classical Latin Sāturnī diēs ), Early Irish dia Sathairn (Irish dé Sathairn ), Welsh dydd Sadwrn (12th–13th cent.). In early use frequently rendering post-classical Latin sabbatum sabbath n. (although compare also the note at Sunday n.). In use as adverb in sense B. 1 originally (in Old English) the dative of the noun used adverbially.
A. n.
The day following Friday and preceding Sunday, traditionally regarded as the seventh day of the week, but now frequently considered as the sixth, and, together with Sunday, forming the weekend.In the Catholic Church, Saturday, along with Wednesday and Friday, has traditionally been observed as one of the days for abstaining from eating meat, fish being the popular alternative. In Judaism, sunset on Saturday marks the end of the Sabbath, which begins at sunset on Friday.Black, Egg, Holy, Hospital Saturday, etc.: see the first element.
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the world > time > period > a day or twenty-four hours > specific days > [noun] > Saturday
SaturdayeOE
seventh dayOE
fore-sabbath1656
weekend1880
eOE tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (Tanner) ii. iii. 106 Æghwylce Sæternes dæge..heora gemynde & forðfore mid mæssesonge mærsode syndon.
OE Blickling Homilies 71 On þæm Sæteres dæge he awehte Ladzarum of deaþe.
OE West Saxon Gospels: Luke (Corpus Cambr.) xxiii. 56 On sæterndæg [L. sabbato] hig gestildon æfter bebode.
OE West Saxon Gospels: Luke (Corpus Cambr.) xxiii. 54 þa wæs se dæg Parasceue,..& sæterdæg [L. sabbatum] onlyhte.
OE Byrhtferð Enchiridion (Ashm.) (1995) ii. iii. 118 Þæs Sunnandæges nama wæs of þære sunnan,..and Sæternesdæg of Saturno Iouis fæder.
c1175 ( Ælfric Homily (Bodl. 343) in S. Irvine Old Eng. Homilies (1993) 70 Þa Iudeiscan heoldon heom to freolsdæȝe þonne Sæteresdæȝ & na ðone Sunnendæȝ.
c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 4350 Forr saterr daȝȝ wass haliȝ daȝȝ O þatt iudisskenn wise.
a1225 (?OE) MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 45 (MED) Ic ham ȝeue reste..from non on saterdei a þa cume monedeis lihting.
c1300 St. Francis (Laud) l. 451 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 66 He deide..on a satur-day at niȝht, Þe sonendai he was i-bured.
c1390 (a1376) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Vernon) (1867) A. v. l. 14 On a Seterday at euen.
c1447 in J. Raine Inventories & Acct. Rolls Benedictine Houses Jarrow & Monk-Wearmouth (1854) App. 242 Apon Saturnesday next be for Palmsonday.
c1480 (a1400) St. Matthew 336 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 199 Þan yrtacus..þe next setret-day..a congregacion has gert ma.
c1500 Melusine (1895) 15 That he wil promytte to the that neuer on the Satirday he shall see the.
a1525 (?1421) Coventry Leet Bk. (1907) I. 30 Euery Saturneday in the yer.
1556 in J. G. Nichols Chron. Grey Friars (1852) 36 The satterday after, that was Wytson evyn, [she] came from the tower thorow London.
1581 J. Hamilton Catholik Traictise Quest. sig. Vviij God commandit yat ve suld Keip halie ye Sabaoth day quhilk is setterday.
c1610–15 Life Holie Modwen in C. Horstmann Lives Women Saints (1886) 93 From Thursday vntill Satersday.
1650 J. Row & J. Row Hist. Kirk Scotl. (1842) 515 On Saturnsday, Aprile 27, they disbanded their men.
1671 R. McWard True Non-conformist 119 That the Churches meeting recorded to have been on the first day of the week, sayeth not that they antiquated the Saturnday.
1749 Eng. Traveller (new ed.) III. 167 On Saturdays, Pease Pottage and Bread and Butter.
1765 J. Wilkes Corr. (1805) II. 163 Last Saturday I assisted at the great festival.
1793 E. Burke Observ. Conduct Minority in Wks. (1821) VII. 236 Although the House does not usually sit on Saturday.
1814 R. Pinkerton in tr. Metropolitan Platon Present State Greek Church in Russia App. 334 Molokans..do not observe the two fast days of every week, Wednesday and Friday; but hold Saturday as a day of fasting.
1841 Times 17 July 6/6 The defendant said he would marry her next Saturday, and get a license immediately.
1877 Spirit of Times 15 Dec. 531/1 [The play] was put up on Saturday morning for a benefit at the Gaiety, and it did so well that it was kept on for four more Saturdays.
1935 W. S. Churchill Let. 10 Mar. in W. S. Churchill & C. S. Churchill Speaking for Themselves (1999) xvi. 392 Mary has been roped in to the electioneering and was addressing envelopes with all the rest of our progeny and Moppet last Saturday.
1976 Southern Evening Echo (Southampton) 13 Nov. 6/1 Loadings are higher on Saturday through the day with football enthusiasts and shoppers.
2005 J. Weiner Goodnight Nobody xxi. 177 Occasional weekends..he'd drive out on Saturday to visit me,..spend the whole day poolside, and drive back Sunday with his entire face sunburned.
B. adv.
1. On Saturday; last Saturday; next Saturday. Now chiefly North American.With the Saturday cf. the adj. 2.
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OE Rule St. Benet (Tiber.) (1888) xiii. 43 Sabbato autem centesimus quadragesimus secundus, et canticum deuteronomii : sæternesdæge & hund teontigoða & se twa & feowertigoða san[g] & cantic.
c1300 St. Thomas Becket (Laud) l. 813 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 129 (MED) Þene saturdai to court eft-sone he wende.
1340 Ayenbite (1866) 213 Yef god het, zuo straytlic[h]e loki þane zeterday, ine þe yealde laȝe, þet he made ane man, to stene..uor þet he hedde y-gadered, a lite wode, þane zeterdey.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 17673 Als i stod saiand mi bede, Þe seterdai.
1415 in 43rd Ann. Rep. Deputy Keeper Public Rec. (1882) App. i. 585 in Parl. Papers (C. 3425) XXXVI. 1 Setrday I com to my logyng to Hamulton.
1568 Mary Queen of Scots Let. in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1824) 1st Ser. I. 253 It is sed Seterday my unfrinds wil bi vth ȝou.
1775 T. Percival Ess. Med. & Exper. (1777) III. 194 Saturday, the mint continued to grow and to ascend, looking vigorous and fresh.
1845 T. W. Coit Puritanism 495 The Puritan way of eating fish is, to eat it Saturday instead of Friday.
1879 Winnipeg Daily Times 22 Apr. 3/1 The Free Press patent insides did not arrive Saturday in time, so the Monday paper is double size.
1916 Atlanta Constit. Apr. 6 (Mag. section) Goodby, Hun. I be back Saddy.
1988 Z. Ellis White Christmas an' Pink Jungle in S. Brown Caribbean New Wave (1990) 72 But if you work for me Saturday den I will no get overtime.
2002 Indianapolis Star 19 Apr. b7/1 About a dozen people..will gather Saturday in search of a most elusive quarry: ghosts.
2. In plural. On Saturdays; each Saturday.
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c1400 (?a1387) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Huntington HM 137) (1873) vii. l. 173 (MED) Ich shal..saterdayes, for þy loue, Drynke bote with þe douke and dyne bote ones.
a1450 Mandeville's Trav. (Bodl. e Mus.) 15 (MED) Thour al the yer they faste neuere no Satirdayes.
1723 C. Johnson Love in Forest iv. 47 Yes, faith will I, Fridays, and Saturdays; and all.
1833 J. Neal Down-easters I. ix. 134 He'll do it any day o' the week..let alone Saturdays.
1873 B. Harte Mliss xli. 116 We won't stop—there's too many people there Saturdays.
1936 Stage June 19/2 There is a $1.50 supper couvert weekdays and $2.00 Saturdays and holidays.
2006 N.Y. Mag. 24 July 46/1 Now they're at Union Square Saturdays and the occasional Wednesday selling pasture-raised lamb.

Compounds

C1. General attributive, as Saturday concert, Saturday kirtle, Saturday morning, Saturday office, etc. See also Saturday night n.Saturday('s) slop or slap: see slap n.2 1b.
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1483 in J. D. Marwick Extracts Rec. Burgh Edinb. (1869) I. 48 Upon ilk Settirday efternone.
1554 J. Proctor Hist. Wyates Rebellion sig. Biiiiv He adressed an earnest letter the Saterdaye mornynge to Isleye, the Kneuetes, and other, wyth the towne of Tunbridge.
1557 Will of T. Howgill (Somerset Ho.) My saturday kyrtyll.
a1642 H. Best Farming & Memorandum Bks. (1984) 81 On Satterday-morninge the 11th of December.
1686 G. Hickes Speculum Beatæ Virginis 13 One of the Lessons for the Saturday-Office of the B. Virgin.
1774 A. Adams in J. Adams & A. Adams Familiar Lett. (1876) 24 I shall reckon over every week as they pass, and rejoice at every Saturday evening.
1792 P. Van Cortlandt Let. 11 Nov. in J. Judd Corr. Van Cortlandt Family (1977) 529 Saturday morning 6 O.C.—Mr T—called at my Quarters.
1856 Times 18 Jan. 1/2 (advt.) Crystal Palace.—Saturday concert.—Arthur Napoleon will play on Saturday next, the 19th instant.
1871 A. Trollope Sir Harry Hotspur xi. 149 On the Saturday morning Captain Stubber was made temporarily happy by the most unexpected receipt of five hundred pounds.
1889 F. Hueffer Half Cent. Mus. Eng. 14 The Crystal Palace Saturday Concerts.
1892 J. L. Ford Dr. Dodd's School i. 10 He could lick the whole crowd of them with one hand tied behind his back. Do you remember how he cleaned out the townies that Saturday afternoon?
1914 Musical Times 55 104/1 Psalm xc...of which the original title is ‘For the Sabbath’, still forms part of the Saturday office in the Synagogue and also in the Catholic Church.
1950 A. Buckeridge Jennings goes to School xii. 229 Jennings spent most of Saturday morning with his fingers crossed.
1973 P. Evans Bodyguard Man i. 13 A child raised on Saturday matinée soap-operas at the local cinema.
2004 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 26 Mar. d1/2 The pink light of a recent Saturday morning began to wash over a grassy field in central Nebraska.
C2.
Saturday penny n. now historical a penny or small sum of money given to a child on a Saturday as pocket money.
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society > trade and finance > money > funds or pecuniary resources > [noun] > set apart for a purpose > spending- or pocket-money
spending-silver1377
dispense1382
dispending1487
spending-money1598
pocket money1625
pin money1702
pocket allowance1726
Saturday pennya1854
spense1886
spend1970
a1854 J. Wilson Health & Longevity in Ess. Crit. & Imaginative (1856) I. 172 The imp would become a Vampire if thus fed on blood [in haggis]..and when sent to school, instead of purchasing barley-sugar with its Saturday penny, would regale on Pluck.
1863 Sci. Amer. 10 Jan. 23/3 He proceeded to expend his store of Saturday pennies in purchasing about half a mile of copper wire at a brazier's shop in Newcastle.
1972 Homes & Gardens Apr. 60 I am old enough to remember the small child's pocket money called the ‘Saturday penny’.
2004 S. Wales Echo (Nexis) 16 Dec. 4 Those who grew up locally used to go there to spend their Saturday pennies when it was a shop.
Saturday Sabbath n. Saturday as observed as the Sabbath in various religions, esp. the Seventh Day Baptist Church (see Saturday Sabbatarian n.); (also) the Jewish Sabbath.
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1625 S. Purchas Pilgrimes II. vii. viii. 1177 He could not approue that we neither obserued the (Saturday) Sabbath, nor abstained from Swines and Hares flesh, vomiting out other venome.
1753 T. Allen Proposal for Free & Unexpensive Election Parl. Men ix. 20 Then he rested in his grave, on their Saturday Sabbath, not the Patriarchal or Sunday.
1856 Ladies' Repository June 374/2 It is by no means certain that the Jewish Saturday-Sabbath is identical in day with the original creational Sabbath.
1977 Washington Post 17 June a2/3 Randolph..who, as a Seventh Day Baptist observes the Saturday Sabbath, introduced the 1972 amendment.
1990 Toronto Star (Nexis) 18 Nov. h2 They do not attend a synagogue or participate in religious ceremonies. They eat non-kosher foods and do not observe the Saturday sabbath.
Saturday Sabbatarian n. (also Saturday-Sabbatharian) = Sabbatarian n. 3; also (more generally) a person who observes Saturday as the Sabbath.
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society > faith > sect > Christianity > Protestantism > Baptists > sects and groups > [noun] > Seventh-Day
Traskite1618
Traskist1631
Sabbatarian1645
Saturday Sabbatarian1683
Seventh Day Baptist1699
Sabbatharian1719
Seventh-day Adventist1853
Sabbatist1857
1683 J. Smith Doctr. Church of Eng. conc. Lord's Day iv. 94 I would not have the Saturday-Sabbatarians crow as if I adjudged the victory to them.
?1705 E. Hickeringill Vindic. Char. Priest-craft 2 Without an express Command (as ye have against the Saturday-Sabbatharians) in the New-Testament.
1987 G. V. Bradley Church-State Relationships in Amer. ii. 53 The New York Assembly passed an otherwise typical Sabbatarian law in 1788 that provided a dispensation for Saturday Sabbatarians so long as they did not disturb the Sunday worship of others.
2002 Church Hist. (Nexis) 1 Dec. 917/2 Because Saturday Sabbath observance is seen as decisive in that apocalyptic finale, the belief is charged with much greater intensity than it is for other Saturday Sabbatarians such as Seventh Day Baptists.
Saturday soldier n. colloquial (somewhat depreciative) = Saturday night soldier n. at Saturday night n. Compounds 2.
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1890 Globe 11 Aug. 3/2 A slight selection of the epithets which he showered on the citizen defender: ‘catshooter’, Saturday soldier.
1947 Times 28 Jan. 5/7 Thus the often derided ‘Saturday soldiers’ of the careless days of peace did their valiant part in war again.
2005 Edmonton Sun (Nexis) 8 Nov. ns2 The Loyal Edmonton Regiment was made up of ‘Saturday Soldiers’ for nearly two decades.
† Saturday wit n. Obsolete rare wit appropriate for a Saturday; (probably) lewd or bawdy talk.For Long Meg of Westminster see Meg n.1 1a.
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1593 G. Harvey Pierces Supererogation 145 Phy, long Megg of Westminster would haue bene ashamed to disgrace her Sonday bonet with her Satterday witt.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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