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单词 sabre
释义

sabren.

Brit. /ˈseɪbə/, U.S. /ˈseɪbər/
Forms: Also 1600s sabir, 1800s– U.S. saber.
Etymology: < French sabre (17th cent.), an unexplained alteration of sable (Oudin 1640: compare Spanish sable ) < German sabel (now säbel ), whence sable n.3 The ultimate source is probably to be sought in some eastern language; forms with initial /ʃ/ are found in Hungarian száblya (whence perhaps Italian sciabla , shable n.) and Polish szabla; the Russian sablja may be from German.
1.
a. A cavalry sword having a curved blade specially adapted for cutting.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > sharp weapon > side arms > sword > [noun] > sabre
sable1617
shable1632
sabre1680
talwara1827
sabre-bayonet1863
1680 T. Otway Orphan ii. 16 With my good Sabir drawn..I..Clove the Rebel to the Chine.
1697 London Gaz. No. 3291/1 The Chief Officers..came with their Sabres in their Hands.
1791 A. Radcliffe Romance of Forest II. xii. 166 Theodore..received himself the stroke of a sabre on his head.
1839 C. Darwin in R. Fitzroy & C. Darwin Narr. Surv. Voy. H.M.S. Adventure & Beagle III. iii. 46 My companions were well armed with pistols and sabres.
1889 A. C. Gunter That Frenchman! x. 119 Several pairs of foils and sabers.
b. Put for: Military force; esp. in to rattle the sabre.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > military power > [noun]
swordc1000
strengthOE
powerc1300
force1303
land-power1490
bayonet1775
sword-arm1838
sabre1851
sword-craft1855
1851 ‘L. Mariotti’ Italy in 1848 91 The Milanese were long since under the rule of the sabre.
1922 [see sabre-rattling n. at Compounds 1b]. 1928 [see sabre-rattler n. at Compounds 1b].
1949 Western Folklore 8 112 To rattle the saber. To threaten military action.
1968 Listener 29 Aug. 259/2 The antique apparatus of Soviet diplomacy complete with rattling sabres and dutiful crowd noises from the Warsaw satellites, was mobilised in the hope of strengthening the Old Guard in the Czechoslovak party.
1976 Times 27 Jan. 1/3 At least a few Conservatives..doubt whether Mrs Thatcher was prudent to appear to rattle sabres and remind electors that women national leaders..have sometimes looked more warlike than men.
1978 J. A. Michener Chesapeake 704 Orators from many southern states came north to excite voters against the dangers of black franchise, and sabers rattled as ancient battles were recalled.
c. In Fencing, a weapon with a flattened blade and blunted cutting edge, either curved or straight, lighter than the épée n.; the exercise of fencing with sabres.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > fighting sports > fencing > [noun] > foil
waster1455
foil1594
hilt1609
blunt1611
fleureta1648
foin1655
small sword1679
back-sword1747
flamberg1885
épée1889
sabre1910
wafter-
society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > fighting sports > fencing > [noun] > types of
case of falchions1489
foils1600
quarte and tierce1785
cut and thrust1840
sabre1954
1880 J. M. Waite Lessons in Sabre p. xi I have had the honour of instructing the following Clubs in both Fencing and Sabre:—The London Fencing Club [etc.].]
1910 Encycl. Brit. X. 252/1 Just as the practice of the ‘small’ or thrusting sword gave rise to two rival schools, the French and the Italian, that of the sabre or cutting sword..became split up into two main systems, Italian and German.
1927 L. Bertrand Cut & Thrust vi. 75 He was..a resplendent figure..waving..a light and fragile silver-plated sabre.
1935 Encycl. Sports, Games & Pastimes 531/1 In fencing with the sabre, the upper part of the body is the sole target, and the hits are made by cuts.
1952 Fencing (‘Know the Game’ Ser.) 5 To hit at foil, épée and sabre, is to strike the opponent with the point of the sword so that it fixes clearly and distinctly and has a character of penetration.
1954 R. Crosnier Fencing with Sabre i. 22 At sabre, the distance between two fencers is such that body or head cannot be hit when the opponent lunges fully.
1971 I. Butykai tr. I. Lukovich Electr. Foil Fencing ii. 166 This is also in support of what is described above about the application in sabre of feints with the body.
1978 G. Wright Illustr. Handbk. Sporting Terms 32 If, in foil and sabre, hits are equal, the bout continues until a deciding hit is landed.
1978 G. Wright Illustr. Handbk. Sporting Terms 33 The ancestors of the sabre include the eastern sabre, the English broadsword, and the cavalry sabre.
2. A cavalry ‘unit’; a soldier armed with a sabre.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > warrior > armed man > [noun] > sword > specific type
bilbo1602
bilbo-man1619
sabre1836
sabreur1845
claymore1849
bolo-man1901
society > armed hostility > warrior > soldier > soldier by branch of army > [noun] > mounted soldier > others
jousterc1330
knight1489
rutter1506
reister1521
reiter1556
ruiter1579
hargulater1581
lancer1590
lance1602
rutar1610
dragon1620
dragoon1622
right-hand man1626
dragooner1639
leaguerer1639
deli1667
Light Dragoon1700
uhlan1753
sabre1836
parachutist1837
sabreur1845
yellow leg1857
spahi1863
horse-marine1878
uhlaner1886
1836 W. F. Napier Hist. War Peninsula V. xviii. i. 107 This number..made fifty-six thousand sabres and bayonets in the field.
1895 E. Wood Cavalry Waterloo Campaign v. 120 Somerset's Heavy Brigade:—..Total paper strength 1,220 sabres.
3. An implement used for removing scum from the surface of molten glass.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > equipment > glass-making equipment > [noun] > other equipment
ladle1483
frache1662
paddle1662
strocals1662
basin1728
setting-board1825
cuvette1832
sabre1832
fly-frame1835
chair1845
snapdragon1869
sand-blast1871
parallelometer1887
chevalet1890
harbour1891
hearth1898
frigger1923
drawbar1926
1832 G. R. Porter Treat. Manuf. Porcelain & Glass 202 Removing with a broad copper sabre any scum that may have formed on the surface of the glass.
1839 A. Ure Dict. Arts 590 The bucket is skimmed by means of a copper tool called a sabre.

Compounds

C1.
a. General attributive.
(a)
sabre-fencer n.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > fighting sports > fencing > [noun] > fencer > types of
heartista1640
small-gut mana1640
time-catcher1707
lunger1842
foilist1907
épéist1910
sabreur1927
sabre-fencer1952
1952 Fencing (‘Know the Game’ Ser.) 26 Modern sabre fencers..have developed a technique when attacking, of directing the blade, changing its direction, and striking, by means of wrist actions and finger manipulation.
1954 R. Crosnier Fencing with Sabre i. 28 Sabre fencers who have progressed in technique and sword control, acquire the ability to change their grip, slightly, when attacking or defending.
sabre-fencing n.
ΚΠ
1927 L. Bertrand Cut & Thrust vi. 77 The rules of sabre-fencing are eminently practical.
1954 R. Crosnier Fencing with Sabre 14 When reading this text-book, some may accuse me of having approached the subject of sabre fencing with the mind of a confirmed foilist.
1975 Oxf. Compan. Sports & Games 304/2 It is..necessary to have..a president to control the bout and award hits according to the rules and conventions applicable to sabre fencing.
sabre-play n.
ΚΠ
1880 J. M. Waite Lessons in Sabre p. vi The English method of sabre play..could be considerably improved.
1927 L. Bertrand Cut & Thrust vi. 81 In..observance of this maxim [sc. sciabola in mano] lies the alpha and omega of all sabre-play.
1954 R. Crosnier Fencing with Sabre i. v. 26 The Hungarian principle..maintained that sabre play was a combination of finger-play and wrist work, conducive to light, rapid, and precise blade actions.
sabre-player n.
ΚΠ
1880 J. M. Waite Lessons in Sabre p. vi Sabre players, as a rule, have not been fencers, or at least have been fencers with trifling skill.
sabre-stroke n.
ΚΠ
1856 Ld. Tennyson Charge Light Brigade (rev. ed.) iv, in Maud & Other Poems (new ed.) 163 Cossack and Russian Reel'd from the sabre-stroke Shatter'd and sunder'd.
(b)
sabre-cut n.
sabre-like adj.
ΚΠ
1934 Webster's New Internat. Dict. Eng. Lang. Saber-like.
1962 D. Nichols Echinoderms i. 20 Machaeridia, bilaterally symmetrical worm-like remains with a skeleton of imbricating plates. Greek: ‘sabre-like’.
sabre-shaped adv.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > shape > curvature > types of curvature > [adjective] > having other specific curved shape
enharpeda1529
roach-bent1575
imbricate1656
pelecoid1728
pear-shaped1731
sabre-shaped1796
fiddle-shaped1819
jug handle1846
round-shouldered1849
figure-six1851
lyriform1857
strigiliform1873
1796 Encycl. Brit. III. 442/2 [Of a part of a plant.] Sabre-shaped.
1841 Penny Cycl. XXI. 423/1 The rostrum [of Rhynchocinetes]..is very large, sabre-shaped, and dentilated on both edges.
1895 Cambr. Nat. Hist. III. 236 Laterals simple, sabre-shaped.
b.
sabre-bayonet n. a weapon which can be used either as a sabre or a bayonet.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > sharp weapon > side arms > sword > [noun] > sabre
sable1617
shable1632
sabre1680
talwara1827
sabre-bayonet1863
1863 T. E. C. Battlefields of the South I. 252 Many more were destroyed with the sabre-bayonet when our men closed in upon them.
sabre-bill n. a South American dendrocolaptine bird of the genus Xiphorhynchus.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > birds > order Passeriformes (singing) > [noun] > member of family Dendrocolaptidae
picucule1829
sabre-bill1859
wood-hewer1867
1859–62 J. Richardson et al. Museum Nat. Hist. 319 The Brazilian Sabre-bill (Xiphorhynchus procurvus).
sabre-cut n. (a) a blow with a sabre; (b) a cut or scar left by the stroke of a sabre.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > blemish > [noun] > scar
wama1000
wem1297
arra1300
nirtc1400
scara1425
cicatricec1450
fester?c1475
list1490
stool1601
cicatrix1641
cautery1651
seam1681
cicatricula1783
welt1800
sabre-cutc1820
stigmate1870
scarring1898
whelp1912
Mars bar1971
the world > health and disease > ill health > blemish > [adjective] > scar
scotched?c1425
scarredc1440
scarry1653
scar-clad1792
scar-seamed1813
sabre-cutc1820
needle-scarred1854
cicatricular1875
society > armed hostility > military equipment > operation and use of weapons > cut of sharp weapon > cut or thrust with sword > [noun] > cut or thrust with sabre
sabre-cutc1820
c1820 S. Rogers Italy (1839) 216 On his wan cheek a sabre-cut.
1828 M. R. Mitford Our Village III. 49 Against Justice and Constable, treadmill and stocks, the sabre-cut was a protection.
1883 R. L. Stevenson Treasure Island ii. vii. 58 The captain..with his..sabre-cut cheek.
sabre-fish n. U.S. the cutlass-fish, Trichiurus lepturus.
ΚΠ
1863 Chambers's Encycl. V. 192/2 The Silvery Hair-tail..is called Sabre-fish in Cuba.
1888 G. B. Goode Amer. Fishes 255 The Cutlass-fish..is known..on the coast of Texas as ‘Sabre-fish’.
sabre leg n. (see quot. 1952); also attributive.
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > furniture and fittings > [noun] > parts of furniture generally > leg or support
leg1616
Marlborough leg1788
therm1788
monopodium1807
cabriole leg1844
pedestal1851
cabriole1888
sabre leg1952
1952 J. Gloag Short Dict. Furnit. 404 Sabre leg, a hollow curved leg of rectangular section, so called because of its resemblance to the curve of a cavalry sabre. It was copied from the seats and thrones depicted on Greek and Roman vases, and was introduced towards the end of the 18th century. After 1815, it was sometimes called a Waterloo leg. In chairs of cheap quality the front edge is usually rounded.
1963 Times 2 Mar. 5/4 A small walnut kneehole desk made £220 (Quinney's), six sabre-leg Regency dining chairs £160.
1974 Country Life 5 Dec. (Suppl.) 78/2 A George III Sofa Table..with swept sabre legs.
sabre-rattler n. a reckless militarist; one who threatens violent action.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > war > militarism > [noun] > warmongering > warmonger
war-hawk1798
war-dog1813
war-man1814
warmonger1817
levier1831
sabre-rattler1928
hot warrior1950
1928 Daily Express 6 Dec. 5/2 There is no reason for supposing that the child Napoleon will grow up a sabre-rattler.
1975 Times Lit. Suppl. 6 June 625/4 When he [sc. Churchill] came to the rescue of Montagu in the stormy Amritsar debate, he incurred the disgust of the sabre-rattlers.
sabre-rattling n. military aggression; threatening violent action; aggressive blustering; also as adj.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > attack > [noun] > military aggression
aggression1611
sabre-rattling1922
society > armed hostility > war > militarism > [noun] > warmongering
sword-rattling1914
sabre-rattling1922
warmongering1940
rocket-rattling1960
the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > danger > threat or threatening > [noun] > threatening with weapons or military force
sword-rattling1914
sabre-rattling1922
rocket-rattling1960
the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > danger > threat or threatening > [adjective] > threatening with weapons or military force
sword-rattling1914
sabre-rattling1922
rocket-rattling1960
1922 Weekly Disp. 19 Nov. 8 A policy of adventure, sabre-rattling, and reckless expenditure.
1928 Observer 26 Feb. 16/4 A sabre-rattling gesture against a nation with whom we have been at peace for more than a hundred years.
1932 Bombay Chron. 5 Aug. 6 Henceforward sabre-rattling in Prussia will be severely taboo.
1958 H. M. Hayward & M. Harari tr. B. Pasternak Dr. Zhivago i. iv. 105 You have to swagger about in an officer's uniform too, you have to do your own bit of sabre-rattling.
1973 ‘I. Drummond’ Jaws of Watchdog x. 136 A sabre-rattling pink-hating American.
1977 C. McCullough Thorn Birds ii. 40 Look at the way that saber-rattling Churchill sent our men into something as useless as Gallipoli!
1977 Time 24 Oct. 8/1 Despite saber-rattling rhetoric, a steel war is far from inevitable.
sabre saw n. a portable electric saw with a narrow reciprocating blade, used for cutting curves.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > equipment > cutting tool > saw > [noun] > power saws > other power saws
belt saw1819
chainsaw1846
butter1850
bandsaw1864
resaw1876
sabre saw1953
pendulum saw1958
1953 R. J. De Cristoforo Power Tool Woodworking for Everyone v. 179 Saber saws are usually confined to heavy cutting when curves are not too severe.
1976 M. Machlin Pipeline xxviii. 334 The group carried two battery operated saber-saws with hacksaw blades in their chucks.
1980 Sci. Amer. Mar. 29/2 A big saber saw, its diamond blade able to cut a four-foot slab at one pass (beyond the two-foot reach of the biggest rotary blades), requires some 25 horsepower, delivered by hydraulic flow from its engine trailer nearby.
sabre-wing n. a hummingbird of the genus Campylopterus (and related genera).
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > birds > perching birds > order Apodiformes > [noun] > family Trochilidae (humming-bird) > unspecified and miscellaneous types of
zumbador1758
sunbeam1769
black warrior1831
hermit-bird1837
Anna's hummingbird1839
jacobin1843
straight-tail1843
vervain hummingbird1847
wedge-bill1848
fiery topaz1854
sungem1856
wood-star1859
calliope1861
rainbow1861
sabre-wing1861
sawbill1861
swallowtail1861
sword-bill1861
thorn-bill1861
visor-bearer1861
warrior1861
wood-nymph1861
puffleg1869
calliope hummingbird1872
flame-bearer1882
shear-tail1885
plature1890
rainbow starfrontlet1966
1861 J. Gould Humming Birds II. pl. 43 Campylopterus pampa, Wedge-tailed Sabre-wing.
1893 A. Newton et al. Dict. Birds: Pt. II 446 The group known as ‘Sabre-wings’.
C2. sabre-toothed adj. designating extinct animals, see below; also figurative, ferocious. sabre-tooth cat n. (also sabre-toothed cat) = sabre-toothed lion n., sabre-toothed tiger n. sabre-toothed lion n. a large extinct feline mammal of the subfamily Machærodontinæ, with long sabre-shaped upper canines. sabre-toothed tiger n. see sabre-toothed lion n. Also sabre-tooth adj. and n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > manner of action > violent action or operation > [adjective]
retheeOE
hotOE
strongOE
woodlyc1000
un-i-rideOE
stoura1122
brathc1175
unridec1175
unrudec1225
starklyc1275
toughc1275
wood1297
ragec1330
unrekena1350
biga1375
furialc1386
outrageousc1390
savagea1393
violenta1393
bremelya1400
snarta1400
wrothlya1400
fightingc1400
runishc1400
dour?a1425
derfc1440
churlousa1450
roida1450
fervent1465
churlish1477
orgulous1483
felona1500
brathfula1522
brathlya1525
fanatic1533
furious1535
boisterous1544
blusterous1548
ungentle1551
sore1563
full-mouthed1594
savage wild1595
Herculean1602
shrill1608
robustious1612
efferous1614
thundering1618
churly1620
ferocient1655
turbulent1656
efferate1684
knock-me-down1760
haggard-wild1786
ensanguined1806
rammish1807
fulminatory1820
riproarious1830
natural1832
survigrous1835
sabre-toothed1849
cataclysmal1861
thunderous1874
fierce1912
cataractal1926
the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Felidae (feline) > [noun] > extinct
Machairodus1836
sabre-toothed lion1849
machairodont1889
sabre-tooth1896
sabre-tooth cat1906
the world > life > the body > digestive or excretive organs > digestive organs > mouth > types or spec. teeth > [adjective] > long or curved
sabre-toothed1849
sabre-tooth1896
1849–52 Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. IV. ii. 909/2 The great extinct sabre-toothed tiger.
1880 W. B. Dawkins Early Man in Brit. iii. 57 The great sabre-toothed lion, Machairodus.
1896 R. Kipling Seven Seas 129 He..Pictured the sabre-tooth tiger dragging a man to his lair.
1896 R. Kipling Seven Seas 129 Hath he..followed the Sabre-tooth home?
1906 E. Ingersoll Life Animals: Mammals 86 A divergent branch..developed amazingly throughout most of the Tertiary period,..to which Cuvier gave the name of ‘saber-tooth cats’.
1933 A. S. Romer Vertebr. Paleontol. xv. 294 In sharp contrast are the saber-toothed ‘cats’, Machaerodontinae... In the saber-tooths the upper canines were exceedingly long stabbing and slicing structures.
1968 Times 21 Dec. 2/3 There was a sabre-toothed scrummage of photographers.
1973 Nature 3 Aug. 311/2 A minimum of twenty-three large mammal species were represented, including at least five extinct forms—a large baboon (?Simopithecus), a sabretooth cat (machairodont), [etc.].
1975 J. G. Evans Environment Early Man Brit. Isles i. 21 Three species of mammal considered to have become extinct prior to the Hoxnian..a sabre-toothed cat (Homotherium latidens) and two voles.
1977 Times 14 Mar. 5/3 Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey..fell in the sabre-toothed power struggle for the succession when Henry VIII was dying.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1909; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

sabrev.

Brit. /ˈseɪbə/, U.S. /ˈseɪbər/
Etymology: < sabre n. Compare French sabrer.
transitive. To strike, cut, or wound with a sabre.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > injury > injure [verb (transitive)] > wound > wound with sharp weapon
woundc760
stickOE
snese?c1225
stokea1300
steekc1300
bearc1330
stangc1340
chop1362
broach1377
foinc1380
strikec1390
borea1400
dag?a1400
gorea1400
gridea1400
staira1400
through-girdc1405
thrustc1410
runc1425
to run throughc1425
traversec1425
spitc1430
through-seeka1500
stitch1527
falchiona1529
stab1530
to stab (a person) in1530
stob?1530
rutc1540
rove?c1550
push1551
foxa1566
stoga1572
poniard1593
dirk1599
bestab1600
poach1602
stiletto1613
stocka1640
inrun1653
stoccado1677
dagger1694
whip1699
bayonetc1700
tomahawk1711
stug1722
chiv1725
kittle1786
sabre1790
halberd1825
jab1825
skewer1837
sword1863
poke1866
spear1869
whinger1892
pig-stick1902
shiv1926
society > armed hostility > military equipment > operation and use of weapons > cut of sharp weapon > cut or thrust with sword > strike with sword [verb (transitive)] > strike with specific type of sword
foxa1566
sabre1790
rapier1851
whinger1892
1790 E. Burke Refl. Revol. in France 325 And now you send troops to sabre and to bayonet us into a submission to fear and force. View more context for this quotation
1845 B. Disraeli Sybil III. vi. xii. 308 The people were fired on and sabred.
1875 C. Clery Minor Tactics x. 123 Ponsonby's cavalry..sabred the gunners and stabbed the horses.
absolute.1865 T. Carlyle Hist. Friedrich II of Prussia V. xviii. xiii. 333 The Seidlitz cavalry went sabring till, for very fatigue, they gave it up.

Derivatives

ˈsabrer n. [compare French sabreur] one who cuts down with a sabre.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > death > killing > massacrer or slaughterer > [noun] > killer with sharp instrument
sworder1594
sabrer1831
impaler1969
1831 T. P. Thompson Exercises (1842) I. 416 When men and women were massacred at Manchester..did they dream it was love for the sabrers, that produced an after compliance with their mandates?
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1909; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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