Ryukyuadj.n.

Brit.

/rɪˈuːkjuː/, U.S.

/riˈukju/

Forms: 1800s– Riukiu, 1900s– Ryukyu.

Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Ryukyu.

Etymology: < Ryukyu (Japanese Ryūkyū ), the name of a group of islands south of mainland Japan (stretching about 600 miles between Kyushu and Taiwan), the largest of which is Okinawa. Compare Ryukyuan n. and adj.Japanese Ryūkyū (earlier Riukiu (9th cent.)) is < a Middle Chinese compound with the senses ‘smooth round stone’ and ‘ball, globe’, apparently originally used to denote Taiwan; compare Chinese liúqiú, the name of the Ryukyu archipelago. Compare the alternative (now disused) English forms of the place name Liu Kiu, Loochoo, Lewchew, Lu Chu, etc. (1598 as Lequeo in a translation from Dutch; apparently ultimately after Chinese); also used in sense ‘Ryukyuan’, compare quots. 1808 at sense A., 1934 at sense B. Forms of the place name with initial r are attested from the 18th cent. in English contexts (earliest in form Riuku):1727 J. G. Scheuchzer tr. E. Kæmpfer Hist. Japan I. ii. v. 394 In the twenty sixth year some Ambassadors from the Riuku Islands came to Court.1781 Mod. Part Universal Hist. VIII. 224 These are the Liquios..or, as some call them, the islands of Riuku. Compare also:1907 B. H. Chamberlain & W. B. Mason Handbk. Travellers Japan (ed. 5) 535/1 The name Luchu is pronounced Ryūkyū by the Japanese and Dūchū by the Luchuans themselves.

A. adj.

= Ryukyuan adj.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > languages of the world > Altaic > [adjective] > Japanese

Ryukyu1808

Okinawan1940

the world > the earth > named regions of earth > Far East > [adjective] > Japan > parts of

Ryukyu1808

Ryukyuan1883

Okinawan1940

the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Asia > native or inhabitant of Japan > [adjective] > parts of

Ryukyu1808

Ryukyuan1883

Okinawan1940

1808 J. Leyden in Asiatick Researches 10 264 The Korean, Formosan, Li-kyu, or rather Riu-kiu languages.

1875 E. H. House Japanese Exped. to Formosa ii. 7 Their people.., like all the islanders under the authority of the Riu Kiu officials, are a mild and perfectly peaceful community.

1913 W. E. Griffis Hepburn of Japan 140 He..published the Gospel of Luke.., with Gutzlaff's translation in Chinese at the top of the page and his own, in the Riu Kiu dialect, at the bottom.

1964 J. Slimming Green Plums & Bamboo Horse iv. 50 A Ryukyu ship was wrecked and all the crew murdered.

2009 Daily Yomiuri (Tokyo) (Nexis) 24 Apr. 16 The Ryukyu flora is a mixture of species that originated in various regions, including the main Japanese islands.

B. n.

The language spoken in the Ryukyu Islands, or any of its dialects. Cf. Ryukyuan n.Ryukyu is closely related to Japanese and some scholars regard it as a variety of Japanese, rather than a separate language.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > languages of the world > Altaic > [noun] > Japanese

Japanese1828

Ryukyuan1882

Nipponese1916

Ryukyu1934

Okinawan1955

the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Asia > native or inhabitant of Japan > [noun] > parts of

Ryukyuan1882

Ryukyu1934

Okinawan1944

Tokyoite1973

1934 Webster's New Internat. Dict. Eng. Lang. at Agglutinative languages Other agglutinative tongues include: Ainu; Japanese and Korean, with Ryukyu, or Liukiu.

1978 Language 54 207 Martin..sketches the parallel structure in Ryukyu.

2006 South China Morning Post (Hong Kong) (Nexis) 3 Jan. 11 Ryukyu was pushed aside by Japanese as the compulsory language.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	ryukyu
释义	Ryukyuadj.n. Brit. /rɪˈuːkjuː/, U.S. /riˈukju/ Forms: 1800s– Riukiu, 1900s– Ryukyu. Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Ryukyu. Etymology: < Ryukyu (Japanese Ryūkyū ), the name of a group of islands south of mainland Japan (stretching about 600 miles between Kyushu and Taiwan), the largest of which is Okinawa. Compare Ryukyuan n. and adj.Japanese Ryūkyū (earlier Riukiu (9th cent.)) is < a Middle Chinese compound with the senses ‘smooth round stone’ and ‘ball, globe’, apparently originally used to denote Taiwan; compare Chinese liúqiú, the name of the Ryukyu archipelago. Compare the alternative (now disused) English forms of the place name Liu Kiu, Loochoo, Lewchew, Lu Chu, etc. (1598 as Lequeo in a translation from Dutch; apparently ultimately after Chinese); also used in sense ‘Ryukyuan’, compare quots. 1808 at sense A., 1934 at sense B. Forms of the place name with initial r are attested from the 18th cent. in English contexts (earliest in form Riuku):1727 J. G. Scheuchzer tr. E. Kæmpfer Hist. Japan I. ii. v. 394 In the twenty sixth year some Ambassadors from the Riuku Islands came to Court.1781 Mod. Part Universal Hist. VIII. 224 These are the Liquios..or, as some call them, the islands of Riuku. Compare also:1907 B. H. Chamberlain & W. B. Mason Handbk. Travellers Japan (ed. 5) 535/1 The name Luchu is pronounced Ryūkyū by the Japanese and Dūchū by the Luchuans themselves. A. adj. = Ryukyuan adj. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > languages of the world > Altaic > [adjective] > Japanese Ryukyu1808 Okinawan1940 the world > the earth > named regions of earth > Far East > [adjective] > Japan > parts of Ryukyu1808 Ryukyuan1883 Okinawan1940 the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Asia > native or inhabitant of Japan > [adjective] > parts of Ryukyu1808 Ryukyuan1883 Okinawan1940 1808 J. Leyden in Asiatick Researches 10 264 The Korean, Formosan, Li-kyu, or rather Riu-kiu languages. 1875 E. H. House Japanese Exped. to Formosa ii. 7 Their people.., like all the islanders under the authority of the Riu Kiu officials, are a mild and perfectly peaceful community. 1913 W. E. Griffis Hepburn of Japan 140 He..published the Gospel of Luke.., with Gutzlaff's translation in Chinese at the top of the page and his own, in the Riu Kiu dialect, at the bottom. 1964 J. Slimming Green Plums & Bamboo Horse iv. 50 A Ryukyu ship was wrecked and all the crew murdered. 2009 Daily Yomiuri (Tokyo) (Nexis) 24 Apr. 16 The Ryukyu flora is a mixture of species that originated in various regions, including the main Japanese islands. B. n. The language spoken in the Ryukyu Islands, or any of its dialects. Cf. Ryukyuan n.Ryukyu is closely related to Japanese and some scholars regard it as a variety of Japanese, rather than a separate language. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > languages of the world > Altaic > [noun] > Japanese Japanese1828 Ryukyuan1882 Nipponese1916 Ryukyu1934 Okinawan1955 the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Asia > native or inhabitant of Japan > [noun] > parts of Ryukyuan1882 Ryukyu1934 Okinawan1944 Tokyoite1973 1934 Webster's New Internat. Dict. Eng. Lang. at Agglutinative languages Other agglutinative tongues include: Ainu; Japanese and Korean, with Ryukyu, or Liukiu. 1978 Language 54 207 Martin..sketches the parallel structure in Ryukyu. 2006 South China Morning Post (Hong Kong) (Nexis) 3 Jan. 11 Ryukyu was pushed aside by Japanese as the compulsory language. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.n.1808
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