Rutheniann.adj.

Brit.

/rʊˈθiːnɪən/, U.S.

/ruˈθiniən/

Forms: 1500s– Ruthenian, 1600s Ruthenien, 1600s– Rutenian.

Origin: From a proper name, combined with an English element. Etymons: proper name Ruthenia , -an suffix.

Etymology: < post-classical Latin Ruthenia, Rutenia lands of the East Slavs (often used as equivalent of Russia Russia n.), or specifically lands centring on Galich and Kiev (1211 or earlier in a British source; < Ruteni , plural noun (see Ruthene n.) + -ia -ia suffix¹) + -an suffix. Compare Ruthene n., Ruthene adj.In form Ruthenien after French ruthénien (1553 or earlier in Middle French). The name of the country is attested in English from the 14th cent. Compare: ▸ a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xv. cxxx. 802 Rvcia hatte Rutenia [MS Rucenia] and is a prouynce of Messia. Compare Spanish Rutenia (1548 or earlier as Ruthenia ), Middle French, French Ruthénie (1553 or earlier), Italian Rutenia (1558 or earlier as Ruthenia ). With recent use in sense A. 1b in the sense ‘Rusyn’ compare note at Ruthene n. and adj.

A. n.

†a. = Ruthene n. 1a. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > ethnicities > Slav people > Russian peoples > [noun]

Ruthene1548

Ruthenian1555

Ruthenian1594

Ruthene1611

White Russian1659

Black Russian1661

Great Russian1783

Little Russian1799

Malo-Russian1810

Rusnak1823

Rusyn1835

Belorussian1872

Belarusian1951

1555 R. Eden Disc. Vyages Butrigarius & Cabote in tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde f. 256^v These Ruthenians therfore or Moscouites, are people of the northeaste parte of the worlde from vs.

1611 E. Aston tr. J. Boemus Manners, Lawes, & Customes 215 The bounds and limits of the Ruthenians or Roxallanians (for by that name they bee also called)..is the space of eight daies iourney ouer, from the riuer Tanais to the North Ocean, and from the Germaine Ocean..to the Caspian sea.

1615 E. Grimeston tr. P. d'Avity Estates 630 All the people which vse the Sclauonian tongue, and follow the religion and ceremonies of the Grecians, are commonly called Russians or Rutheniens.

1624 T. Gataker Discuss. Transubstant. 203 All Christian Nations in the world, Grecians, Rutenians, Armenians, Mozaribites, Catayans, Ethiopians, Indians, &c. conspire with them in the celebration and true beliefe of this Sacrifice, and Sacrament.

1635 W. Saltonstall tr. G. Mercator Historia Mundi 170 There is..the Hall of the Ruthenians, in which they sell their commodities which are brought out of Moscovia.

1675 N. French Dolefull Fall of Andrew Sall xix. 274 The Ruthenians, and those of the Greeck Church and Armenians do agree with us in the Doctrin of Transubstantiation.

b. = Ruthene n. 1b.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > ethnicities > Slav people > Russian peoples > [noun]

Ruthene1548

Ruthenian1555

Ruthenian1594

Ruthene1611

White Russian1659

Black Russian1661

Great Russian1783

Little Russian1799

Malo-Russian1810

Rusnak1823

Rusyn1835

Belorussian1872

Belarusian1951

1594 R. Ashley tr. L. le Roy Interchangeable Course iii. f. 27 Slauonian [is] vnderstood, and spoken by the Seruians, Mysians, Bosnians, Dalmatians, Croatians, Slauons, Carnians, Bohemians, Morauians, Slesites, Polaques, Mazouites, Pomerans, Cassubites, Sarbians, Ruthenians, and Moscouites.

1609 L. Owen tr. Catholique Trad. 182 All the Metropolitans of the Ruthenians and Moscouites haue their authoritie from the Patriarch of Constantinople.

1830 Foreign Rev. & Continental Misc. 5 504 The inhabitants of Hungary are composed of..Slowacks, Szotaki, Ruthenians.

1886 Encycl. Brit. XX. 631/1 The Ruthenians attribute their conversion to Christianity to St. Methodius.

1916 Amer. Polit. Sci. Rev. 10 54 The Ruthenians are clamoring for a Ruthenian University in which their own language, a form of Little Russian, shall be recognized.

1989 K. Osborn Ukrainian Amer. 69 The first wave of Ukrainian immigrants, many of whom classified themselves not as ‘Ukrainian’ but as ‘Ruthenian’—a term derived from the word ‘Rusins,’ referring to the ancient Rus tribe.

1999 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 22 Apr. 55/1 Perhaps as many as one million Ruthenians live in Ukraine.

2009 Slovak Spectator (Nexis) 20 July Ethnic Rusyns (or Ruthenians) and Ukrainians living in Slovakia account for just over one-half percent of the 5.4 million residents of Slovakia.

c. spec. A member of the Ruthenian Church (see sense B. 2).

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > sect > Christianity > Greek Orthodoxy > [noun] > person > Ruthenian

Ruthenian1857

1857 Rambler Dec. 423 The Latin missionaries, afraid of the united Ruthenians relapsing into schism unless they were attached to the Church by unity of rite, laboured to bring them over to the Latin rite.

1863 Chambers's Encycl. V. 88/1 The union of the Galician Greeks or Ruthenians is of much later date.

1912 P. Roberts New Immigration iv. xiv. 203 The Uniates, such as the Lithuanians, Ruthenians, etc., give more concern to ecclesiastical authorities than do the Romanists.

1939 D. Attwater in Sister Mary Louise Over Bent World (1970) 464 Among the Ruthenians these doors are never shut and the screen is generally of openwork (I have seen it so in several Melkite churches).

2004 S. E. Lehmberg & J. D. Tracy in J. D. Tracy & M. Ragnow Relig. & Early Mod. State 6 Frank Sysyn's ‘Orthodoxy and Revolt..’ traces the emergence of a sense of distinctiveness among Ruthenians or Orthodox Ukrainians to their disadvantaged position in the Commonwealth of Poland-Lithuania.

2. = Ruthene n. 2.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [noun] > Indo-European > Balto-Slavic > Slavonic > Ukrainian > dialect of

Rusnak1827

Ruthenian1848

Rusyn1856

Ruthene1891

1848 J. G. Wilkinson Dalmatia & Montenegro I. 29 The Little Russian, called the Rusniack, or Ruthenian, is perhaps the most harmonious of all the Slavonic dialects.

1862 R. G. Latham Elements Compar. Philol. 627 With the exception..of the Malo-Russian, Ruthenian, Russinian, Rusniak, or Little Russian,..none of the dialects of Russia have commanded much attention.

1902 ‘H. S. Merriman’ Vultures xxiv Galician, Ruthenian, Polish,..would be required.

1998 Guardian 25 July (Saturday section) 4/3 Andy spoke English, but his mother always talked to him in Ruthenian—a Ukrainian dialect with a Cyrillic alphabet.

1998 A. Dalby Dict. Langs. 565/1 Ruthenian, spoken to the south-west of the Carpathians, may be considered a dialect of Ukrainian—but some claim for it the status of a language.

2007 Canberra Times (Nexis) 28 Apr. b5 Most of their neighbours spoke Ruthenian, but official business was conducted in Czech or Hungarian.

B. adj.

†a. = Ruthene adj. a. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1615 E. Grimeston tr. P. d'Avity Estates 688 Duuine, in the Ruthenian tongue [Fr. en langue Ruthenique], signifies two.

1630 E. Cary tr. J. D. Du Perron Reply to Answeare of King 398 Not only the Hebrew edition..saith..Thou art a Rock, and vpon this Rock..but also the Arabicke..And the Ruthenian, Egiptian, and Ethiopian, euen the same.

1658 T. Bromhall Hist. Apparitions 98 His hands were tyed with a little rope, and certain Gothish and Ruthenien characters were enscribed on't.

b. = Ruthene adj. b.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > ethnicities > Slav people > Russian peoples > [adjective]

Ruthene1555

Ruthenica1671

Great Russian1799

Little Russian1799

Malo-Russian1799

Rusnak1804

Ruthene1849

Ruthenian1850

Rusyn1856

Belorussian1888

Belarusian1946

1850 Proc. Philol. Soc. 5 27 The Ukraine..is the land of the Kosaks; they speak the Ruthenian dialect.

1891 M. M. Dowie Girl in Karpathians 195 Throughout this book the Ruthenian spelling has been given when the word has been traced to be Ruthene.

1999 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 22 Apr. 55/1 If you drive through the Ruthenian mountain villages of eastern Slovakia you often see two churches side by side.

2009 North Shore News (Brit. Columbia) (Nexis) 4 Oct. 23 The tiny Ruthenian villages of Soce, Pulce and Trzeslianka were frozen in time.

2. spec. Designating or relating to a Uniate church of the Transcarpathian region of Ruthenia which now also has members in North America.

ΚΠ

1843 Dublin Rev. Feb. 224 Modern History of the Catholic Church of both Rites (Latin and Ruthenian), in Poland and Russia, from Catherine II down to our days.

1857 J. W. Cole tr. J. Simon Nat. Relig. iv. ii. 233 Between the autos-da-fé of Spain, and the persecutions recently inflicted on the Ruthenian church, in the north of Europe, the only distinction to be drawn is that which separates the genius of two nations and two different ages.

1885 W. E. Addis & T. Arnold Catholic Dict. (ed. 3) 803 There were in 1865 about 250,000 Catholics of the Ruthenian rite in Russian Poland.

1932 Pax Oct. 161 These [monastic orders] are divided as follows:... Italian Basilians..Melkite Basilians..Ruthenian Basilians.

1948 A. A. King Rites Eastern Christendom II. vii. 37 There has been little latinization of the rite, and the permission granted by the Oriental Congregation for the latest edition of the Ruthenian liturgy, to restore the zeon before holy communion, has been carried into effect for solemn liturgies in the eparchy.

1998 N. Malcolm Kosovo vii. 128 The first of these [Uniate churches] was the Ruthenian Uniate Church, created in 1596.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	ruthenian
释义	Rutheniann.adj. Brit. /rʊˈθiːnɪən/, U.S. /ruˈθiniən/ Forms: 1500s– Ruthenian, 1600s Ruthenien, 1600s– Rutenian. Origin: From a proper name, combined with an English element. Etymons: proper name Ruthenia , -an suffix. Etymology: < post-classical Latin Ruthenia, Rutenia lands of the East Slavs (often used as equivalent of Russia Russia n.), or specifically lands centring on Galich and Kiev (1211 or earlier in a British source; < Ruteni , plural noun (see Ruthene n.) + -ia -ia suffix¹) + -an suffix. Compare Ruthene n., Ruthene adj.In form Ruthenien after French ruthénien (1553 or earlier in Middle French). The name of the country is attested in English from the 14th cent. Compare: ▸ a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xv. cxxx. 802 Rvcia hatte Rutenia [MS Rucenia] and is a prouynce of Messia. Compare Spanish Rutenia (1548 or earlier as Ruthenia ), Middle French, French Ruthénie (1553 or earlier), Italian Rutenia (1558 or earlier as Ruthenia ). With recent use in sense A. 1b in the sense ‘Rusyn’ compare note at Ruthene n. and adj. A. n. 1. †a. = Ruthene n. 1a. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > people > ethnicities > Slav people > Russian peoples > [noun] Ruthene1548 Ruthenian1555 Ruthenian1594 Ruthene1611 White Russian1659 Black Russian1661 Great Russian1783 Little Russian1799 Malo-Russian1810 Rusnak1823 Rusyn1835 Belorussian1872 Belarusian1951 1555 R. Eden Disc. Vyages Butrigarius & Cabote in tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde f. 256^v These Ruthenians therfore or Moscouites, are people of the northeaste parte of the worlde from vs. 1611 E. Aston tr. J. Boemus Manners, Lawes, & Customes 215 The bounds and limits of the Ruthenians or Roxallanians (for by that name they bee also called)..is the space of eight daies iourney ouer, from the riuer Tanais to the North Ocean, and from the Germaine Ocean..to the Caspian sea. 1615 E. Grimeston tr. P. d'Avity Estates 630 All the people which vse the Sclauonian tongue, and follow the religion and ceremonies of the Grecians, are commonly called Russians or Rutheniens. 1624 T. Gataker Discuss. Transubstant. 203 All Christian Nations in the world, Grecians, Rutenians, Armenians, Mozaribites, Catayans, Ethiopians, Indians, &c. conspire with them in the celebration and true beliefe of this Sacrifice, and Sacrament. 1635 W. Saltonstall tr. G. Mercator Historia Mundi 170 There is..the Hall of the Ruthenians, in which they sell their commodities which are brought out of Moscovia. 1675 N. French Dolefull Fall of Andrew Sall xix. 274 The Ruthenians, and those of the Greeck Church and Armenians do agree with us in the Doctrin of Transubstantiation. b. = Ruthene n. 1b. ΘΚΠ the world > people > ethnicities > Slav people > Russian peoples > [noun] Ruthene1548 Ruthenian1555 Ruthenian1594 Ruthene1611 White Russian1659 Black Russian1661 Great Russian1783 Little Russian1799 Malo-Russian1810 Rusnak1823 Rusyn1835 Belorussian1872 Belarusian1951 1594 R. Ashley tr. L. le Roy Interchangeable Course iii. f. 27 Slauonian [is] vnderstood, and spoken by the Seruians, Mysians, Bosnians, Dalmatians, Croatians, Slauons, Carnians, Bohemians, Morauians, Slesites, Polaques, Mazouites, Pomerans, Cassubites, Sarbians, Ruthenians, and Moscouites. 1609 L. Owen tr. Catholique Trad. 182 All the Metropolitans of the Ruthenians and Moscouites haue their authoritie from the Patriarch of Constantinople. 1830 Foreign Rev. & Continental Misc. 5 504 The inhabitants of Hungary are composed of..Slowacks, Szotaki, Ruthenians. 1886 Encycl. Brit. XX. 631/1 The Ruthenians attribute their conversion to Christianity to St. Methodius. 1916 Amer. Polit. Sci. Rev. 10 54 The Ruthenians are clamoring for a Ruthenian University in which their own language, a form of Little Russian, shall be recognized. 1989 K. Osborn Ukrainian Amer. 69 The first wave of Ukrainian immigrants, many of whom classified themselves not as ‘Ukrainian’ but as ‘Ruthenian’—a term derived from the word ‘Rusins,’ referring to the ancient Rus tribe. 1999 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 22 Apr. 55/1 Perhaps as many as one million Ruthenians live in Ukraine. 2009 Slovak Spectator (Nexis) 20 July Ethnic Rusyns (or Ruthenians) and Ukrainians living in Slovakia account for just over one-half percent of the 5.4 million residents of Slovakia. c. spec. A member of the Ruthenian Church (see sense B. 2). ΘΚΠ society > faith > sect > Christianity > Greek Orthodoxy > [noun] > person > Ruthenian Ruthenian1857 1857 Rambler Dec. 423 The Latin missionaries, afraid of the united Ruthenians relapsing into schism unless they were attached to the Church by unity of rite, laboured to bring them over to the Latin rite. 1863 Chambers's Encycl. V. 88/1 The union of the Galician Greeks or Ruthenians is of much later date. 1912 P. Roberts New Immigration iv. xiv. 203 The Uniates, such as the Lithuanians, Ruthenians, etc., give more concern to ecclesiastical authorities than do the Romanists. 1939 D. Attwater in Sister Mary Louise Over Bent World (1970) 464 Among the Ruthenians these doors are never shut and the screen is generally of openwork (I have seen it so in several Melkite churches). 2004 S. E. Lehmberg & J. D. Tracy in J. D. Tracy & M. Ragnow Relig. & Early Mod. State 6 Frank Sysyn's ‘Orthodoxy and Revolt..’ traces the emergence of a sense of distinctiveness among Ruthenians or Orthodox Ukrainians to their disadvantaged position in the Commonwealth of Poland-Lithuania. 2. = Ruthene n. 2. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [noun] > Indo-European > Balto-Slavic > Slavonic > Ukrainian > dialect of Rusnak1827 Ruthenian1848 Rusyn1856 Ruthene1891 1848 J. G. Wilkinson Dalmatia & Montenegro I. 29 The Little Russian, called the Rusniack, or Ruthenian, is perhaps the most harmonious of all the Slavonic dialects. 1862 R. G. Latham Elements Compar. Philol. 627 With the exception..of the Malo-Russian, Ruthenian, Russinian, Rusniak, or Little Russian,..none of the dialects of Russia have commanded much attention. 1902 ‘H. S. Merriman’ Vultures xxiv Galician, Ruthenian, Polish,..would be required. 1998 Guardian 25 July (Saturday section) 4/3 Andy spoke English, but his mother always talked to him in Ruthenian—a Ukrainian dialect with a Cyrillic alphabet. 1998 A. Dalby Dict. Langs. 565/1 Ruthenian, spoken to the south-west of the Carpathians, may be considered a dialect of Ukrainian—but some claim for it the status of a language. 2007 Canberra Times (Nexis) 28 Apr. b5 Most of their neighbours spoke Ruthenian, but official business was conducted in Czech or Hungarian. B. adj. 1. †a. = Ruthene adj. a. Obsolete. ΚΠ 1615 E. Grimeston tr. P. d'Avity Estates 688 Duuine, in the Ruthenian tongue [Fr. en langue Ruthenique], signifies two. 1630 E. Cary tr. J. D. Du Perron Reply to Answeare of King 398 Not only the Hebrew edition..saith..Thou art a Rock, and vpon this Rock..but also the Arabicke..And the Ruthenian, Egiptian, and Ethiopian, euen the same. 1658 T. Bromhall Hist. Apparitions 98 His hands were tyed with a little rope, and certain Gothish and Ruthenien characters were enscribed on't. b. = Ruthene adj. b. ΘΚΠ the world > people > ethnicities > Slav people > Russian peoples > [adjective] Ruthene1555 Ruthenica1671 Great Russian1799 Little Russian1799 Malo-Russian1799 Rusnak1804 Ruthene1849 Ruthenian1850 Rusyn1856 Belorussian1888 Belarusian1946 1850 Proc. Philol. Soc. 5 27 The Ukraine..is the land of the Kosaks; they speak the Ruthenian dialect. 1891 M. M. Dowie Girl in Karpathians 195 Throughout this book the Ruthenian spelling has been given when the word has been traced to be Ruthene. 1999 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 22 Apr. 55/1 If you drive through the Ruthenian mountain villages of eastern Slovakia you often see two churches side by side. 2009 North Shore News (Brit. Columbia) (Nexis) 4 Oct. 23 The tiny Ruthenian villages of Soce, Pulce and Trzeslianka were frozen in time. 2. spec. Designating or relating to a Uniate church of the Transcarpathian region of Ruthenia which now also has members in North America. ΚΠ 1843 Dublin Rev. Feb. 224 Modern History of the Catholic Church of both Rites (Latin and Ruthenian), in Poland and Russia, from Catherine II down to our days. 1857 J. W. Cole tr. J. Simon Nat. Relig. iv. ii. 233 Between the autos-da-fé of Spain, and the persecutions recently inflicted on the Ruthenian church, in the north of Europe, the only distinction to be drawn is that which separates the genius of two nations and two different ages. 1885 W. E. Addis & T. Arnold Catholic Dict. (ed. 3) 803 There were in 1865 about 250,000 Catholics of the Ruthenian rite in Russian Poland. 1932 Pax Oct. 161 These [monastic orders] are divided as follows:... Italian Basilians..Melkite Basilians..Ruthenian Basilians. 1948 A. A. King Rites Eastern Christendom II. vii. 37 There has been little latinization of the rite, and the permission granted by the Oriental Congregation for the latest edition of the Ruthenian liturgy, to restore the zeon before holy communion, has been carried into effect for solemn liturgies in the eparchy. 1998 N. Malcolm Kosovo vii. 128 The first of these [Uniate churches] was the Ruthenian Uniate Church, created in 1596. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.adj.1555
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