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rustyadj.1n.1 Origin: A word inherited from Germanic. Etymology: Cognate with or formed similarly to West Frisian rustich, roastich, Middle Dutch roestich, rostich (Dutch roestig), Old High German rostag (Middle High German rostec, rostic, German rostig), early modern Danish rustig, røstig (Danish rustig).In the 16th and 17th centuries often used as a term of general disparagement. The form roosky shows dissimilation of consonants. In sense 8e after similar specific use of French rouillé rusty (in crachat rouillé: 1798 or earlier). I. Senses relating to corrosion, decay, or impairment. the world > matter > condition of matter > bad condition of matter > [adjective] > corroded > rusty the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > pollution or defilement > [adjective] > incrusted, scaled, or furred > rusty α. eOE tr. Orosius (BL Add.) (1980) v. xv. 132 Þa wurdon Ianes dura fæste betyned & his loca rustega, swa hie næfre ær næron. a1225 ( (Winteney) (1888) lxiv. 133 Heo..na oferswyðe ne þreaȝe, þi þæ læs [read þilæs þæ] þat rustiȝe [OE Corpus Cambr. omige] fæt mid ealle toberste, gyf heo mid unȝemette sceafð. a1393 J. Gower (Fairf.) viii. 1378 (MED) He out breide A rusti swerd. c1405 (c1387–95) G. Chaucer (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 620 By his syde he baar a rusty blaade. c1450 (1900) 233 (MED) Þou dredyst, louyst, seruyst, & worschepyst more þi body, þe world, þi rusty monye..þan þou doost þi god. 1481 W. Caxton tr. (1893) cxxvii. 191 Their swerdes rusty, their gownes..were old and roten. c1515 Ld. Berners tr. (1882–7) liv. 182 He..toke out of his cofer an olde rusty swerde..& spere with a rusty hed. 1590 E. Spenser i. v. sig. E2 Coleblacke steedes..That on their rusty bits did champ. 1614 W. Raleigh i. i. i. §7. 196 The rustie axe or other instrument of a Carpenter or Caruer. 1663 S. Butler i. i. 27 The trenchant blade, Toledo trusty, For want of fighting was grown rusty. 1719 D. Defoe 330 The Money..had lain by me so long useless, that it was grown rusty, or tarnish'd, and could hardly pass for Silver. 1785 W. Cowper ii. 746 Bars and bolts Grew rusty by disuse. 1851 N. Hawthorne ii. 45 The poor thing bethought herself of the ancient shop-window, the rusty scales, and dusty till. 1868 C. Dickens 2 Apr. (2002) XII. 91 When I was a boy it was to be got at by a low covered passage under a house, and was guarded by a rusty iron gate. 1906 E. Nesbit ii. 24 In the pantry there was only a rusty cake-tin and a broken plate. 1931 A. D. Hall (ed. 4) i. 25 The rusty deposits and stains from chalybeate springs and wells consist of limonite. 1958 J. Townsend ii. 16 A rusty drawing-pin supported an old Teachers' Union notice. 2009 26 Jan. 60/3 The rusty iron chain that double-locked the cart to the front wheels of the cycle began to squeal as he rode. the mind > goodness and badness > wrongdoing > corruption > [adjective] society > morality > moral evil > [adjective] > morally foul the mind > goodness and badness > badness or evil > worse > [adjective] > declining or deteriorating > in character or quality c1390 (a1376) W. Langland (Vernon) (1867) A. vii. l. 66 I schal fynden hem heore fode þat Feiþfuliche lyuen; Saue..Robert þe Ribaudour for his Rousti [c1400 Trin. Cambr. rusty] wordes. a1450 (c1412) T. Hoccleve (Harl. 4866) (1897) 1428 (MED) Þogh þer be ful many a vicious hewe Vnder his cure, he takiþ of it no kepe; He rekkeþ neuer how rusty ben his chepe [read shepe]. a1500 ( J. Yonge tr. (Rawl.) (1898) 136 Than regnyde avoutry and lechurie in hym and his howsemaynage, that al the roialme thanne rumourt and lothit for that rousty Synne. 1579 L. Tomson tr. J. Calvin 208/1 He..sheweth that his soule is very roustie, & full of filthe. c1595 Countess of Pembroke Psalme cxl. 5 in (1998) II. 237 Men..Whose rusty lipps enclose A poisons [MSS K, χ: poisonous] hurd [MSS K, χ: hoord]. 1629 Z. Boyd (1831) 120 There is an hand in the heauen that is able to..make our soule, were it neuer so roustie, to become cleare like gold. 1696 i. i. 2 Thy rusty Soul hath infected thy Body with the Jaundice; thou sordid slave to Mammon without Wages! 1702 15 In this Iron Age, Time downwards rouls, And gives us harden'd Bruits and rusty Souls. 1851 E. B. Browning ii. xv. 109 We henceforth should exalt the name of Peace, And leave those rusty wars that eat the soul. 1897 J. Davidson 79 He feared that he might want the wit To light on Nature's hidden hearth, And deemed his rusty soul unfit To win the beauty of the earth. 1910 F. F. French ii. xi. 258 You have a dark rusty spot in your soul. the world > life > source or principle of life > age > old age > [adjective] > old in appearance a1425 (?a1400) G. Chaucer (Hunterian) (1891) l. 159 Amyd saugh I a hate stonde..Ful hidous was she forto sene Ful foule and Rusty [Fr. roilliee] was she. ?1499 J. Skelton (de Worde) sig. Bijv Wyth that came Ryotte..A rusty gallande to ragged and to rente. ?1505 tr. P. Gringore (new ed.) sig. A.iiiiv The man was mysshapen, pale, and rusty. 1570 J. Foxe (rev. ed.) II. 1592/2 Cranmer..was brought to them with a great number of rusty bilmen. 1688 Earl of Clarendon Diary 11 Dec. in (1763) II. 112 There was a guard by St. Giles's of rusty ruffians, kept by Lord Lovelace's order. 1689 A. Behn 118 An old rusty Fellow at the Gate gave it me. 1721 N. Amhurst (1726) xlvi. 247 A great many of these transitory foplings, who came to the university with their fathers, rusty old country farmers. 1735 J. Swift Panegyrick on D— in II. 287 What can my Lady mean, Conversing with that rusty D––n! 1824 W. Irving II. viii. 86 A little rusty, musty old fellow, always groping among ruins. 1849 C. Dickens (1850) xxii. 233 You never saw such a rusty Prince. 1882 F. Montgomery v He looked like a being of another sphere, among the rusty old gentlemen congregated in the room. 1908 31 Oct. 1165/2 At this point there entered a rusty elderly man. 1935 Aug. 56/1 Few people realize that the Victorian stenographer was a rusty old man in a faded black coat. 1991 P. J. O'Rourke 212 How'd these rusty customers get to be worth a fortune? 4. society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > inelegance > [adjective] c1425 J. Lydgate (Augustus A.iv) iv. 7097 (MED) Þouȝ my stile be blotted with rudenes, As of metre, be rusty and vnfiled, Þis ferþe boke..Vn-to ȝoure grace holy I betake. c1536 J. Bellenden tr. H. Boece (1821) II. 394 This Carmelite freir maid thir rousty versis. ?1553 (c1501) G. Douglas Palice of Honour (London) Ded. l. 2150 in (1967) 132 Resaue this rusty [1579 Edinb. Roustie] rurall rebaldry Lakand cunnyng, fra thye puyr lege onlerd. 1578 J. Rolland To Rdr. sig. A.ivv Ȝe may persaue that be this roustie ryme. a1585 Ld. Polwart 146 Roustie ratrimes. a1650 D. Calderwood (1843) III. 33 He made a rowstie ryme. 1712 W. Oldisworth tr. R. Bentley Notes in tr. Horace (1713) II. xiv. iii. xiv. 24/1 This Emendation will make the verse rough, scabby, and rusty. 1764 Mar. 32 We are equally prejudiced in favour of our own barbarous antiquity, in favour of rusty swords, spears, targets, and as rusty poetry. 1856 A. C. Coxe (ed. 2) xiv. 113 You think of his [sc. Donne's] truly heavenly mind; of his rusty old poetry, and sound old sermons. 1994 (Nexis) 13 Aug. Known for its intermittently rusty verse the choric figure Gower refers at one point to ‘the lame feet of my rhyme’. the mind > attention and judgement > bad taste > lack of refinement > [adjective] > specifically of persons the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > discourtesy > [adjective] > surly the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > [adjective] > ill-mannered > unrefined > specifically of persons c1485 ( G. Hay (1993) xxii. 91 And he yat has a wayke calde stomak—he is of hevy chere, and hevy hertit and sad, & suere, rousty jn visage. a1529 J. Skelton (?1530) sig. Cii Cankard Jacke hare loke thou be not rusty. 1594 T. Nashe sig. E Diogenes was one of the first and formost of the ring-leaders of this rustie morositie. 1651 G. Firmin 36 There are companies of rusty, rugged, rich fellowes in our Parishes. 1652 Liber Patris Sapientiæ in E. Ashmole 208 Therefor make no Man of thy Councell rude nor rustie. c1720 M. Prior 12 Nor ill bred swain, nor rusty clown, am I. 1740 W. Somervile ii. 180 But hostile Rage Inquisitive found out the rusty Swain. 1833 F. Tennyson & A. Tennyson 153 You did mingle blame with praise, Rusty Christopher. 1871 T. W. Caskey Let. Jan. in G. G. Mullins (1884) 291 The homespun garb and rusty manners of the country church. 1906 S. L. Bensusan Café Krasnapolsky in E. Singleton 288 He..has some three or four of his clients with him to-night, rusty, unpolished fellows. 1999 P. Walley (2007) iv. 107 Change your rusty behavior. Consciously decide not to be saucy, and try to lighten up your countenance. the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > unpleasant quality > harsh or discordant quality > [adjective] > making harsh or discordant sound c1430 in (1907) 7 107 Ȝit in þe wode þere was discord þorugh rusti chateryng of þe iay, Of musik he coude non acord. 1570 B. Googe tr. T. Kirchmeyer iv. f. 50v Straight the Priest with rustie throte, alowde begins to cry. 1593 T. Nashe 27 b The East-gate..(the dry rusty creeking of whose hookes and gymmes as it was in the opening, might be heard a myle of). 1608 J. Day sig. A3v How the daw Scoures ore his rustie phrases. 1697 J. Collier (ed. 2) i. vi. 219 If any of the Council or Witnesses happen to have a Rusty Voice, or a fantastical Face. 1728 J. Swift Mad Mullinix & Timothy in (1729) viii. 71 When they hear his rusty Voice, With what Impatience they rejoice. 1787 W. Taylor 4 Upo' that hint I scour'd my rusty throat. a1867 A. Smith (1868) 72 The rusty caw of the homeward-sliding rook. 1938 M. K. Rawlings x. 95 They [sc. cranes] made a great circle against the sunset, whooping their strange rusty cry that sounded only in their flight. 1967 G. F. Fiennes ii. 14 At 87 [he] talked in his slow, rusty voice as if he were still on the job. 1996 J. C. Oates 237 Music boxes that eked out raspy, rusty melodies. 2003 K. Brichoux x. 112 His voice is rusty, creaking in the cold wind that whips around the buildings. 6. ?1507 W. Dunbar Tua Mariit Wemen (Rouen) in (1998) I. 44 I haue condition of..A ring with a ryall stane or other riche iowell, Or rest of his rousty raid. ?1562 sig. A.iii My body so lusty Whiche for lacke of exercise, is nowe almost rustye. 1620 T. Middleton sig. D4v To lye vse-lesse now, Rusty or lazy in a Fooles preheminence. 1673 W. Temple Let. to Sir J. Temple in (1720) II. 294 I went to the King, and said..that I would serve Him, as well as I could, though I doubted I was grown a little rusty, by lying still so long. 1768 G. Washington Let. in (1889) II. 258 I presume, he has grown a little rusty in both [Latin and Greek], having had no benefit of his tutor since Christmas. 1787 E. Burke Let. 2 Jan. in B. Francis & E. Keary (1901) II. 371 It is not to be conceived how rusty I am on all sorts of business. 1854 R. W. Emerson Immortality in (1906) III. 283 It is a perception that comes by the activity of the intellect; never to the lazy or rusty mind. 1861 25 Sept. An artillery driver..would, unless in constant exercise, get rusty. 1890 T. H. Huxley in L. Huxley (1900) II. xvi. 269 I am getting rusty in science—from disuse. 1943 E. Blyton iii. 21 Their five weeks' holiday had made them rusty, and it was difficult to get back the habit of concentration again. a1979 J. Stafford in D. Roberts (1988) 36 We had been painfully blistered by the sun and our brains had become rusty with idleness. 1992 11 July 15/2 The long-term jobless have little ability to compete effectively for jobs: they are often unskilled, and get rustier and more demoralised as time goes by. 1575 G. Gascoigne Hemetes Heremyte in (1910) II. 477 For my latyne is rustye, myne Itallyan mustye, and my french forgrowne. 1614 E. Grimeston tr. P. Matthieu vii. 220 They feared much that..all eloquence was growne rusty in Barbarisme. 1693 T. Urquhart & P. A. Motteux tr. F. Rabelais Prol. 8 I believe that War is in Latin called Bellum, not by Antiphrasis, as some Patchers of old rusty Latin would have us to think. 1786 ‘P. Pindar’ (ed. 3) 13 No razor-wit, for want of use, grows rusty. 1796 R. Porson in J. S. Watson 134 For the benefit of those whose Greek is rather rusty with disuse, I have added a Latin version. 1873 P. G. Hamerton iii. ii. 82 Neglected pursuits become rusty. 1888 J. Payn x. 47/2 It humiliated her not a little..to have to admit that her French was a little ‘rusty’. 1914 R. Brooke Apr. (1968) 572 My Greek is something rusty. Had it been Tahitian now, or Fijian. 1942 15 356 Preëmployment refresher courses originally intended for refreshing those with ‘rusty’ skills are gradually turning into courses for inexperienced youth. 2003 (National ed.) 16 Dec. c19/3 Drat! Our hip-hop lingo is so rusty. Does ‘Are you buggin’ mean, ‘Are you nuts?’ the world > time > relative time > the past > oldness or ancientness > [adjective] > old-fashioned or antiquated the world > time > relative time > the past > oldness or ancientness > [adjective] > obsolete 1549 T. Chaloner tr. Erasmus sig. Aiii v Nor any other of that olde and rustie race of Gods. 1551 R. Robinson tr. T. More sig. Aiii Some there be that haue pleasure onely in olde rustie antiquities. 1600 W. Cornwallis I. vii. sig. E7v Come then, put away your rustie tradition, all you that thinke not thus. 1693 J. Edwards I. ix. 315 The rusty and antique fragments of the Primitive Times. 1732 G. Berkeley I. iii. vii. 172 Rusty Declaimers upon the necessity and usefulness of the great points of Faith. 1749 W. Melmoth tr. Quinctilian Dialogue conc. Oratory in II. 290 Let our orator then, reject every expression that is obsolete, and grown rusty, as it were, by age. 1842 S. Lover xiii ‘Lord Bacon's sayings—’ ‘'Pon my conscience,’ said Murphy, ‘both himself and his sayings are very rusty by this time.’ 1873 E. M. Connelly xv. 144 Mr. Haddon..set sail for the city, thanking his stars that he lived in no such rusty, antiquated place as Jonestown. 1902 10 May 363/1 Dr. Theobald..devotes more than four pages of his book to show this rusty old saying is referred to by both Bacon and Shakespeare. 2002 A. Sebold i. 6 When he laughed at his own jokes, which were rusty way before I had him, we laughed too. II. Senses relating to the colour of rust on metal. 8. the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > [adjective] > brownish-red a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus (BL Add.) f. 199v Emachites is a reed stoon and rody and rusty [L. ferrugineus]. a1500 in J. Evans & M. S. Serjeantson (1933) 59 (MED) Celidonius: On ys blacke and a-nother ys rvsty. 1528 T. Paynell tr. Arnaldus de Villa Nova in Joannes de Mediolano sig. b iiij b The other is called rusty coler, lyke to rusty iron. 1565 T. Cooper at Dens Rough and rustie teeth. 1607 E. Topsell 261 His feet and nailes be most sharp, his skin rusty, the haire very sharp. 1647 J. Hall i. 22 Here maist thou shame The rusty Violets, with the Crimson flame Of either cheek. 1667 W. Petty in T. Sprat 293 This Water is naught for Blews, and makes Yellows and Greens look rusty. 1699 tr. M. Ettmüller i. §vii. 93 If the Anxiety or Pain proceed from Acid sharp Humors, or green rusty Choler, Absorbent Pouders are proper. 1730 T. Boreman ii. 75 The Flag-feathers of the Wings black, with rusty Spots. 1867 R. I. Murchison (new ed.) iii. 42 Associated above and below with black and rusty slates. 1872 E. Coues 172 Very young birds have some feathers skirted with rusty. 1882 18 Feb. 111/3 A cool dusky green, with rusty shadows. 1934 G. Greene i. 5 The handkerchief rusty with blood. 2001 May–June 5/1 They both have a blackish cap, rusty barring in the breast, and unusually long tails. the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > [adjective] > brownish-red > of colours a1500 in H. A. Person (1953) 48 (MED) With robys of rethoryk sith thow art not clad But with rusty roset like to thyn astate. 1608 E. Topsell 276 They are much deceiued..for because the Stellion hath a rustie colour. 1685 N. Grew (new ed.) 306 Another, arising from a Whitish Bed, mixed with a kind of rusty red. 1763 J. Mills II. 411 That thick substance which is red on garden-beans, [and] of a rusty colour on all kinds of corn. 1767 (Royal Soc.) 56 13 Of a rusty ochry color. 1791 W. Hamilton tr. C.-L. Berthollet II. ii. i. ii. 31 The processes employed for dyeing wool would only give a rusty black to silk. 1822 J. M. Good IV. 672 In this case the hair is directly hoary, or of a yellowish or rusty white. 1896 Mar. 512/2 Swampy growths of ‘Indian arrow timber’, its silver foliage in blithe contrast to the rusty green of yerba santa. 1905 A. S. Reed in H. G. Hutchinson I. iii. xv. 236 Quite short in the coat, and of a dirty rusty colour, instead of the pure white that I had expected it to be. 1932 M. Grieve 75/1 The bark..is a rusty grey colour, inside yellow and foliated. 2002 4 Apr. ii. 8/4 As the iron in the ink oxidises, it fades to a rusty, sepia brown. the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > [adjective] > shabby or worn-out 1602 tr. B. Guarini iv. ii. l. 2 Who would haue thought that in these rusty rags Gentle Dorinda had been euer hid. 1659 H. H. Burnell tr. Aristophanes sig. B2 Whence commest thou in these Pitiful rusty cloaths. 1709 No. 68 A Poor Fellow..with a rusty Coat. 1776 F. Burney (1990) II. 204 Her cloak, which was rusty & powdered, was flung half on & half off. 1818 Lady Morgan in (1859) 76 It was driven by a little dumpy coachman, in a livery..old and rusty. 1846 C. Dickens (1848) iii. 16 They..began to think their mourning was wearing rusty too. 1890 W. S. Gilbert 117 His rusty old suit of clothes was the cast-off of a waiter. 1906 G. R. Sims (rev. ed.) II. 380/2 Here, passing with them..a wan woman in rusty widow's weeds leading a child in one hand and carrying her frugal marketings in the other. 1957 L. Durrell 44 His rusty, moth-bedevilled business suiting and wrinkled dicky suggested extremes of dreadful indigence. 1994 B. Morgan viii. 126 A shapeless black garment, rusty with age and darned beneath the sleeves. 1704 Nat. Hist. vi, in L. Wafer (ed. 2) 219 The Rusty Mantiss. Resembles a dead Leaf. 1785 T. Pennant II. ii. 364 Rusty Bunting with head, neck, breast, and sides, rust-colored. 1787 J. Latham Suppl. I. 89 Rusty Oriole... The edges of the feathers are rust-coloured. 1811 A. Wilson III. Pref. p. xiii Rusty Fly~catcher, wings and tail black; plumage above brown; inhabits the southern states. 1848 J. R. Bartlett Rusty Dab, the popular name of the Rusty Flat-fish, a fish found on the coast of Massachusetts and New York in deep water. 1897 ‘N. Blanchan’ 46 Rusty Blackbird (Scolecophagus carolinus) Blackbird family. Called also: Thrush Blackbird; Rusty Grackle; Rusty Oriole; Rusty Crow. 1928 16 11 The Fence Lizard is abundant in the timbered regions of extreme eastern Texas. Here it is known as the Pine Lizard, Rusty Lizard, and Rusty Scorpion. 1994 5 Feb. 17/2 Fields added these bacteria to wheat which..contained the rusty grain beetle (Cryptolestes ferrugineus ). 1737 W. Barrowby tr. J. Astruc I. iii. i. 262 The spitting in a peripneumony being tinged with blood, is cough'd up yellow, or rather of the colour of rusty iron.] 1834 J. Forbes et al. III. 425/1 The pathology of the secretion of the bronchial membrane, those viscid rusty sputa that so signally characterise peripneumony, is interesting. 1842 13 394 Out of sixty-six cases there were 35 in which the sputa were at first rusty. 1900 10 Nov. 1366/2 To diagnose a case of pneumonic plague it was necessary to collect as much as possible of the rusty sputum. 1990 C. Nwokolo in O. P. Sharma xiv. 364 Over 90% of Paragonimus patients consult their physicians for evaluation of blood-stained, coffee-colored, or rusty sputum. 2009 W. A. Kormos in A. H. Goroll & A. G. Mulley (ed. 6) lii. 422/1 Classic clinical features of pneumococcal pneumonia include abrupt onset of fever with a single rigor, cough with rusty sputum, and pleuritic chest pain. the world > plants > disease or injury > [adjective] > of or having fungal disease a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus (BL Add.) f. 226 Of corupt dewe þat cleueþ to þe leues comeþ corrupcioun in corn and makiþ it, as it were, reed oþer rusty.] c1503 R. Arnold f. lxiij/1 Yf an appyl tree begynne to roten or yf the aplus begynne to wex rusty, than ye barke of hym is syke. 1591 R. Percyvall Dict. Añublado, rustie wheate, Rubiginosus. 1770 L. Carter 21 June (1965) I. 424 I had occasion to take particular notice of the wheat. I see some of it is rusty. 1788 W. Rowley 382 Many attribute its origin to recent rye, bad bread, or corrupt, mildewed, rusty wheat. 1837 1 Aug. 241/1 He then mixed one part of the rusty rose-leaves..with the mould in the box of one of the rose-trees. 1880 B. Disraeli II. xxix The spring corn had never grown, and the wheat was rusty. 1898 (U.S. Dept. Agric.) 9 759 A rusty barberry (or Mahonia) can only infect grains to which its particular rust belongs. 1907 J. H. Smith II. 49 A certain small cottage, with rusty hollyhocks in the front yard. 1940 26 Apr. 11/1 Mr. McMurachy noticed one rust-free plant in a field of rusty wheat, one day ten years ago. 2000 P. Wall xi. 170 A fungal infection of wheat that set off lethal epidemics when people ate bread containing ‘rusty’ wheat. Compounds1567 A. Golding tr. Ovid (new ed.) viii. f. 108v Her lyppes were hore with filth, her teeth were furd and rusty read. 1596 E. Spenser v. xii. sig. Y5 On his head a steele cap he did weare Of colour rustie browne, but sure and strong. View more context for this quotation 1616 J. Deacon 95 Then would we constraine their rustie red ruddockes to run at our becke. 1676 T. Sherley tr. V. A. Moellenbrock ii. 28 Its seeds are small, and of a dark red, or rusty brown colour. 1760 G. Edwards II. 209 The whole bird..is covered with feathers of a rusty-brownish or black colour. 1799 J. Hull ii. 294 Imbricated, leaflets obtusely lobed, lead-colour, blue and spongy underneath, shields (small, flat) rusty red. 1832 W. Irving I. 48 A tall meagre varlet, whose rusty-brown cloak [etc.]. 1863 May 375 A disease called rust,..from the rusty-red or yellowish patches which it forms. 1913 15 113 They are spotted and blotched, chiefly toward the butt, with irregular, rusty-brown spots. 1979 D. Griffiths 78 For a northern flycatcher it is showy, dark grey-brown upper parts heightening the contrast of the rusty-orange belly and black tail. 1998 9 May (Mag.) 40/1 A couple of pots of the essential rusty-red tamarind sauce (a sort of Asian ketchup) for dipping. C2. 1597 G. Buchanan Comm. Virgil Aeneid vi. l. 303 in (1957) 3 286 Ferruginea..cumba, roustie hewit. ?1615 G. Chapman tr. Homer (new ed.) xxii. 223 A broad and ancient rusty-rested shield. 1671 T. Tenison Let. 6 Apr. in H. Oldenburg (1970) VII. 555 The Earth, nigh ye fountain, & ye Grass, in ye channell wch conveighs ye water from ye well, is rusty-coloured. 1747 (ed. 3) 179 Rusty-looking, rocky Mountains, attended with misty Rains and cutting Winds. 1797 R. Beilby & T. Bewick I. 311 The sides, thighs, and vent are faintly marked with rusty-coloured streaks. 1837 P. Keith 312 A number of rusty-looking spots or patches dispersed over the surface of the leaf. 1855 A. B. Garrod 264 Marked with six rusty coloured longitudinal stripes. 1883 Oct. 925/2 The snipe is certainly much better able to take care of himself than his rusty-coated cousin. 1912 W. Owen 2 July (1967) 148 A taciturn, rusty-voiced man. 1917 W. Owen (1963) 57 Finished fields, and wire-scrags rusty-old. 1937 E. Bishop (1969) 201 The rusty-sided freighters. 1949 M. H. Heiner xv. 122 Surely we human beings cannot afford to exert ourselves any less strenuously for our fellow man than one little rusty-colored Irish terrier I know. 1995 P. Lynch (1996) iii. vii. 201 The gate was wire mesh too, topped with rusty-looking razor wire. 1785 T. Pennant II. ii. 452 Rusty-crowned Heron... Crest and hind part of the neck of a deep ferruginous color. 1787 J. Latham Suppl. I. 170 Rusty-Collared Finch..inhabits Terra del Fuego. 1817 J. F. Stephens X. ii. 392 Rusty-throated Flycatcher (Muscicapa gularis). 1851 R. Glisan (1874) 89 Of the birds and animals not usually eatable, there are the..rusty-winged blackbird, blue-bird, [etc.]. 1872 E. Coues 214 Rusty-crowned Falcon... Crown ashy-blue, with a chestnut patch. 1908 7 174 To see the Rusty-breasted Shrike-Thrush (Pinarolestes rufigaster) at his best one must penetrate the densest brushes. 1947 J. Stevenson-Hamilton xxv. 203 The rusty spotted genet... The dorsal stripe and the rather large spots on the body are uniform brick-red. 1968 9 May 270/3 The number of birds found dead such as the rusty-breasted thrushes..were far in excess of the normal. 2005 5 Mar. 5/4 The rusty-throated wren-babbler, known only from one previously caught specimen, was found in the eastern Himalayas. ?1788 J. Abercrombie 215/2 Rosa rubiginosa—Rubiginous, or Rusty-leaved Rose. 1831 G. Don I. 481/1 H. ferrugineus... Stem clothed with rusty down... Rusty-stemmed Hibiscus. 1855 A. Pratt V. 89 Don's Willow, or Rusty branched Willow. 1889 Aug. 553 Olea ferruginea, the rusty-leaved olive of the country between the upper Indus and the Suleiman mountains. 1901 J. Weathers ii. 588/1 A pretty rusty-stemmed species, native of Afghanistan. 1946 36 413 Common names: Rusty, Port Jackson, small-leaved, southern, and Illawarra fig. 2003 (Nexis) 25 Jan. 13 Some students braved the breeze and carried their drinks out to sit beneath the spreading branches of a rusty-leaved fig. C3. a. In the names of animals. 1832 T. Nuttall 199 Rusty blackbird. (Quiscalus ferrugineus, Bonap. Gracula ferruginea, Wilson.) 1870 4 52 There have been two, and part of the time three, Rusty Blackbirds constantly about one of my barns. 1965 E. Richardson 63 There isn't much to praise in the rusty blackbird's appearance. 2004 Jan. 46/1 A catalogue of 40 unfortunate species, from the olive-sided flycatcher..to the rusty blackbird (down an alarming 10.7 percent). 1839 D. H. Storer in D. H. Storer & W. B. O. Peabody 141 The Rusty Dab..is occasionally brought to our market in the winter season only. 1872 M. S. De Vere 384 The Rusty Dab (Platessa ferruginea) is the popular name of one of the flatfishes. 1946 F. LaMonte 100 Rusty Dab..body and fins covered with rusty red dots. 1863 New Ser. 8 392 (heading) Platessa ferruginea, Storer. The Rusty Flounder. 1888 G. B. Goode 326 The Sand Dab, or rough Dab, Hippoglossoides platessoides, also sometimes known as the Rusty Flounder. 1993 Jan. 78/3 The fish basket going up the street includes such lesser-known delicacies as..limandes (dab, a flatfish related to North America's rusty flounder). 1811 A. Wilson III. 41 Rusty Grakle, Gracula Ferruginea. 1872 E. Coues 159 Rusty Grackle,..nearly all the feathers skirted with warm brown above, and brownish-yellow below. 1928 40 116 I did not notice any Rusty Grackles on my recent visit. 1957 H. Townes Index 546/1 Rusty grackle (see continental rusty blackbird). 1873 J. A. C. Boswell v. 83 (table) Felis rubiginosa... Rusty-spotted cat. 1904 XVI. at Wildcat The sportsman encounters about grassy places a small handsome species, with slender body and head, and rather short legs and long tail, called the rusty-spotted cat. 1996 31 Dec. 8/4 Other endangered wild cats: The rusty-spotted cat, Prionailurus rubiginosus, which is found only in India and Sri Lanka. b. In the names of plants, typically ones having rust-coloured leaves, stems, or other parts, or rust-coloured hairs or scales. the world > plants > particular plants > ferns > [noun] > spleenworts 1776 W. Withering II. 643 Rustyback. [Flowers] Covering the whole surface of the leaf. 1874 J. Lindley & T. Moore Suppl. Rusty-Back, a provincial name for Blechnum Spicant, and, according to other authorities, also for Ceterach officinarum. 1908 E. Step 50 The development of the sori gives a distinctly red hue to the underside and justifies the name Rustyback. 1976 10 Sept. 10/2 Interest was aroused..by seeing the Rusty-back and Wall-rue ferns on a wall. 1999 July 6/2 Raven and peregrine falcon nest on cliff ledges beside rustyback fern and Jacob's-ladder. ?1711 J. Petiver VII.–VIII. Table 73 Small, round wing'd, Smyrna Rusty Fern. 1892 F. M. Bailey 7 Rusty fern—Notholæna distans. 1953 C. L. Redd 173 The stipes of the Rusty Fern are jointed and the blade is chaffy. 2006 B. Curtis 70 In the Sierra de Gredos..we found a rich microclimate of thick rusty ferns, cacti, and dewy terraced hills. 1879 T. Rümpler (ed. 2) 453 Ficus australis Willd.,..Lat. Syn.—Ficus rubiginosa Desf... Englisch.—Rusty Fig-tree. 1965 IV. 58/2 The Port Jackson, Illawarra, or rusty fig (F. rubiginosa) is confined in its native state to New South Wales, but is extensively planted as a shade and ornamental tree throughout Australia. 2003 (Nexis) 22 Mar. b8 The large rusty fig trees on our land that dropped all their leaves in the drought are coming back. 1847 F. W. L. Leichhardt ii. 48 The range was openly timbered with white-gum, spotted-gum, Ironbark, rusty-gum and the cypress-pine. 1900 6 314 The Rusty Gum is found in open forests both in the inland and coastal districts of South Queensland. 2006 (Nexis) 11 Nov. 39 Angophora costata is about the best. This is a tall native tree with smooth bark that is deciduous, revealing rust-red bark beneath and so is sometimes called rusty gum. 1704 Nat. Hist. vii, in L. Wafer (ed. 2) 228 Rusty Inga. The Pods of this are flat and covered with a rusty coloured Hair. 1832 G. Don II. 390/1 I. rubiginosa... Leaves with 4-5 pairs of oblong-ovate, acuminated leaflets, which are..clothed with rusty-velvety down beneath... Rusty Inga. 1864 H. D. Thoreau 320 Woodsia Ilvensis (rusty Woodsia), Kineo. 1910 W. I. Beecroft 142 This characteristic serves to distinguish the rusty Woodsia from Cheilanthes lanosa. 2008 W. Cullina 89/1 Rusty woodsia is an easily grown and adaptable little plant. c. 1825 9 The fine of sixpence for any deficiency in separating, the inferior, or rusty coal, from the superior. 1931 4 Feb. 19/3 (advt.) Best grades mountain coal. Special on Page and Rusty coal. Weight, coal guaranteed. 1972 10 In-situ weathered coal from the upper seam of Sheerness Mines, Alberta (locally known as ‘rusty’ coal). 1826 H. von Bergen 300 China Huamalies. Braune China... Engl. Rusty bark.] 1839 P. L. Geiger (ed. 2) II. ii. i. 951 Unter dem Namen rostige Kronen-Rinde (Rusty Crown bark). 1840 11 315 Lastly, a rusty colored variety, remarkably free from lichens, and which I believe to be the young Huamalies bark, is sold as Rusty Crown bark. 1880 C. R. Markham 40 With this rusty crown bark are mixed larger quills particularly rich in the alkaloid called chinchonidine. 1930 28 June 831/2 It is the ‘rustycrown bark’ of eighteenth-century commerce, and then came in very small quills. the world > matter > condition of matter > bad condition of matter > [adjective] > mouldy or musty the world > time > relative time > the past > oldness or ancientness > [adjective] > old-fashioned or antiquated > of persons, views, etc. 1606 v. iv. sig. I Farewell musty, dusty, rusty, fusty London. 1630 J. Taylor ii. 24 Our cottage, that for want of use was musty, And most extremely rusty-fusty-dusty.] a1790 A. Macdonald (1791) 45 A brainless fellow, in his random knocks, Is that same rusty-fusty 'Squire called Death. 1841 17 July 5/1 I couldn't bear to see you titivated out in rusty-fusty toggery. 1864 13 Oct. 5/1 All your rusty-fusty British notions about comfort, civility, privacy, and the like. 1917 S. H. Adams 399 She had an unbalancing personality, that brown-and-gold fairy, even to an old and rusty-fusty pedagogue like myself. 2006 A. Blair xii. 73 She got a kick out of Rory's rusty-fusty Scot manners. 1859 J. Douglas Let. 4 July in (1860) iii. 29 Mr. Sanders laments the great loss of gold arising from careless working and the want of proper means to retain the ‘rusty gold’. 1967 P. R. May (ed. 2) 238 With cemented gold a thin coating of iron oxide (‘rusty gold’) often prevented amalgamation. 1999 P. J. Golas in J. Needham V. xiii. 254 Even with this technique..rusty gold particles with films of iron silicates or manganese would not be captured by the mercury. 1791 W. Taplin II. 371 Horses..should never be permitted to drink at all in sharp shallow streams, that run over a rusty gravel, or through a black peaty soil. ?1830 P. Sellar Netherby, Cumberland 49, in Gravelly soil, on an open bottom of gravel, technically called a rusty gravel. 1917 E. H. Williams x. 87 The oil well..is the one shown in Figure 40, with base at 1336, which is the elevation of the bottom of these rusty gravels. 2003 G. Wawro iv. 116 The Prussians ground inexorably uphill, first through woods, then potato fields, then the rusty gravel of the Rote Berg. 1963 27 May 32/2 An increasing trend toward such drinks as ‘Rusty Nails’ (half Drambuie, half Scotch). 1979 15 Nov. iv. 16/2 Rusty Nail is a heavy cocktail sipper made from equal parts of Scotch whisky and Drambuie and served on the rocks. If you prefer a drier drink you can cut the Drambuie to a 1:3 proportion. 2009 C. Charming 58/2 Rusty Nail... 2 ounces blended Scotch whisky. 1 ounce Drambuie. Optional lemon twist garnish... If preferred sweeter then simply pour equal parts of blended Scotch whisky and Drambuie. the world > food and drink > food > dairy produce > cheese > [noun] > defects in cheese 1899 W. H. Jordan No. 168. 323 Rusty spot in Cheddar has received considerable attention. 1958 E. M. Foster et al. ii. 20 Lactobacillus plantarum var. rudensis and Lactobacillus brevis var. rudensis have been implicated as causes of rusty spot defect in Cheddar cheese. 2000 J. G. Morris in B. M. Lund et al. I. xi. 245/2 Anaerobic faults such as rusty spot did not appear when the Eh was above −100 mV. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online June 2022). rustyadj.2 Origin: A variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: resty adj.1 Etymology: Variant of resty adj.1 (compare also reasty adj.), perhaps arising from folk-etymological association with rusty adj.1 Now chiefly historical and regional. the world > physical sensation > taste and flavour > unsavouriness > [adjective] > rank or rancid ?1521 A. Barclay sig. Bijv Suche rusty meates enblyndeth so our brayne That of our fauour, the Muses haue disdayne. 1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach iii. f. 152v The Bacon..: yf you hang it in greate smoke at the fyrst, it wyl be rustie. 1648 T. Gage 93 Though it were but to help him scrape rusty gammons of bacon. 1690 R. Strutton 15 An Ounce of rusty Pork with Bread and Beverage. 1745 in W. Thompson (1757) 8 The Wind and Sun more forcibly convey themselves into the Flesh, which dries up its Juices, and makes it rusty. 1792 10 345 Preserving salted provisions from becoming rancid or rusty. 1847 C. Brontë I. v. 88 Indifferent potatoes and strange shreds of rusty meat, mixed and cooked together. 1860 J. R. Creecy 106́̇ Rusty salt pork, boiled or fried,..was my fare often for weeks at a time. 1899 W. Besant ii. xxvi. 431 The beef may have been tough and the pork rusty. 1908 Sept. 381 4 kilos ground rusty bacon. 1973 1 Oct. 60/2 Their rusty meat is stomach-turning. 1998 P. Bailey ix. 208 The popular appetite for strong tastes—pickles and ‘rusty’ bacon—that provided stimulus amidst a dietary monotony. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). rustyadj.3n.2Origin: A variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: resty adj.2 Etymology: Variant of resty adj.2, perhaps arising from folk-etymological association with rusty adj.1Related verbal forms rust and roost (compare rest v.2, reest v.3) are recorded in the 20th cent. for Irish English (northern) and for Irish English (northern) and Scots respectively. Compare also rust n.3 A. adj.3the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > temperament > [adjective] > stubborn or restive 1555 J. Heywood sig. B.iiiiv This rude rustie, bolde blynde bayerd of myne..chopt foorth. 1594 sig. C2v Thinks he to stop my mouth with gold or pearle? Or rustie iades fet from Barbaria? 1661 R. Flecknoe iv. v. 66 Why, as thou wodst a rusty jade, wod not stir a foot for thee; and when thou spur'st him, and puts him to't, capers, rears an end, throws thee, and breaks thy neck. 1728 J. Swift (1729) v. 45 People in Power may..drive them through the hardest and deepest Roads..and will be sure to find them neither rusty nor vicious. 1787 ‘G. Gambado’ 24 It is extremely wrong to put a gentleman on a restive horse. [Note A strange epithet this, and I wonder who coined it; tell me of a rusty horse, and I shall know what it means.] 1797 J. O'Keeffe i. iii. 13 The horses were so rusty. 1819 4 272 He [sc. a horse] was dogged ‘rusty’ when your man passed our house. 1866 24 Mar. 250/1 He is very uncertain, and is as likely to turn rusty at the start as not. 1894 G. A. À Beckett ii. 98 Their arms became perfectly rusty, and their horses, not liking the wet, got rusty also. 1915 R. M. Hallet xii. 124 They rode the seas like a man sitting a rusty horse. society > authority > lack of subjection > [adjective] > intractable or recalcitrant > of actions, conduct, or character 1625 in (1846) I. 36 There is much urging and spurring the parliament for supply and expedition, in both which they will prove somewhat rusty. 1656 J. Owen vi Indwelling distempers grow rusty and stubborn by continuance in ease and quiet. 1659 43 Of too hard and rusty a temper to digest; He became Petty Stationer. the mind > emotion > anger > irascibility > irritability > irritable [adjective] 1694 T. D'Urfey i. ii. 10 Now is my Mother as Rusty as an old Cow that has got the Belly Ach, but I care not; She dares not beat me. 1761 J. Newton Diary 13 Nov. in (1992) 146 Bullock rusty because I found fault with his manner of going on. 1789 ‘Durus’ xxv. 139 After fettering the Emperor in her chain, she began to turn rusty, and threatened to leave her present quarters. 1815 W. Scott II. 100 The people got rusty about it. 1843 W. M. Thackeray ii You..turn rusty because he forgets your last message. 1889 D. C. Murray & H. Murray 186 He was a bit rusty at first. 1911 17 Mar. 14/7 There were many moments in which people could ‘turn up rusty’, but it was realized that any dispute or friction would mean a certain amount of harm to the institution. B. n.2society > leisure > entertainment > frolicking or romping > [noun] > a frolic the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > cheating, fraud > trickery, playing jokes > [noun] > a trick, prank, hoax 1835 R. M. Bird II. 245 Neversomever, I'll try for a spell ag'in, and the next'll be a right-down rusty! 1838 J. C. Neal 111 It won't do for us to be cutting rusties here at this time o' night. 1853 19 602/2 Not even smiling when he got us in tow, and we cut up our rusties at his hotel. 1891 June 575/1 Pablo [sc. San Pablo Bay] is in one of its ‘rusties’, and there will be all the wind they want. 1941 May 63 Mom said not to step in and cut a rusty at Dollie and Eif's wedding, 'cause she didn't want no trouble. 1991 J. Still 124 Too much chicanery goes on and people get hurt. A rusty is one thing and chicanery is another. 2006 (Nexis) 22 Dec. According to reports, Conner has been cutting a rusty around Gotham as an underage barfly. Phrasesthe mind > emotion > anger > indignation or resentment > be or become resentful [verb (intransitive)] the mind > will > decision > obstinacy or stubbornness > be or become obstinate or stubborn [verb (intransitive)] society > authority > lack of subjection > be unsubmissive [verb (intransitive)] > be intractable or recalcitrant 1709 13–15 July How is't Apollo rides so rusty, Why so Grum, and why so Crusty? 1785 F. Grose at Rusty To ride rusty, to be sullen. 1821 W. Scott III. xii. 270 How the devil am I to get the crew to obey me? Why, even Dick Fletcher rides rusty on me now and then. 1838 C. Webbe I. 168 The self-opinionated animal..‘rides rusty’, and if the gallant rider had not ‘a good seat’ would incontinently fling him! 1876 C. Gayler iii. 5/2 What's the use o' riding so rusty? 1892 J. A. Cave 141 The affair might turn out very disagreeable indeed, especially if the military authorities thought fit to ride rusty. 1936 R. Aldington 80 An incompetent may abdicate without much reluctance, but even he is likely to ride rusty like Mr. Roper's elephants. 1718 C. Hitchin 8 The aforesaid Rebels run rusty to my ungracious Will and Pleasure. 1764 129/1 Great expectations from lord Shelburn's colt, but he ran rusty. 1794 W. Godwin I. vi. 102 If your honour do not take me in, I know none of the neighbouring gentry will, for fear as they say of encouraging their own tenants to run rusty too. 1854 A. E. Baker II. 190 The horse is running rusty. 1863 C. Reade III. 199 They..watched the yard till dusk, when its proprietor ran rusty and turned them out. 1929 H. C. Bailey (1978) viii. 284 He may have threatened. He may have run rusty. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † rustyv.Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: rusty adj.1 Etymology: < rusty adj.1 Compare rust v.1 Obsolete. the world > matter > condition of matter > bad condition of matter > deteriorate in condition [verb (intransitive)] > become corroded > rust the world > matter > condition of matter > bad condition of matter > cause bad condition in [verb (transitive)] > corrode or erode > rust the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > pollution or defilement > pollute or defile [verb (transitive)] > incrust or fur > rust 1567 J. Maplet f. 20v It..rustieth; but being newe rubbed ouer with Sande and Salte, commeth to his olde colour againe. 1683 P. Rycaut tr. Plutarch Life Numa Pompilius in J. Dryden et al. tr. Plutarch I. 253 When Spears, and Swords, and direfull Arms of War Were laid aside, and rustied in their places. 1608 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas (new ed.) ii. iv. 86 God so rustied every ioynt, that there..it could not stirre. a1618 W. Raleigh (1661) 156 As the bonds of Reason and Love are immortal, so do all other chains..both rustie and rot Noble parts. 1623 G. Fletcher 138 Are not al things imbrightned with vse, and rustied with lying still? This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2020). <  adj.1n.1eOE adj.2?1521adj.3n.21555 v.1567 |
