rustren.

Brit.

/ˈrʌstə/, U.S.

/ˈrəstər/

Forms: 1600s– rustre, 1700s roustrie.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French rustre.

Etymology: < French †rustre (1611 in Cotgrave), alteration of Middle French, French ruste (probably 15th cent.), itself an alteration of Middle French rute (1338) < Middle Dutch rute rhombus (also in specific heraldic use; Dutch ruit ), of uncertain origin, perhaps an extended use of the plant name rute rue n.², on account of the pattern formed by the tips of its petals.The reasons for the alterations in form in French are uncertain; they may arise from folk-etymological association with rustre , ruste rude, violent (see roister n.¹).

1. Heraldry. A charge in the form of a lozenge, with a round hole in the middle through which the field appears.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > indication > insignia > heraldic devices collective > charge: device on shield > [noun] > less honourable charge > diamond-shaped charge > pierced with circular opening

rustre1664

1664 G. Havers tr. T. Renaudot et al. Gen. Coll. Disc. Virtuosi France xcvii. 562 Rustres, which are Lozanges pierced round.

1722 A. Nisbet Syst. Heraldry I. 171 The Sub-Ordinaries... Fusils, Lozenge, Mascle, Roustrie, Frett, [etc.].

1762 P. Murdoch tr. A. F. Büsching New Syst. Geogr. V. 480 A lion crowned Or in a field sable, and below it eight black rustres in a field Or.

1838 Penny Cycl. XII. 141/2 The subordinate ordinaries,..the Lozenge, the Fusil, the Mascle, and the Rustre.

1880 Encycl. Brit. XI. 697/1 The lozenge, the mascle, and the rustre are all derived from the fret or fretty.

1904 A. C. Fox-Davies Art Heraldry xiii. 103/2 The rustre is comparatively rare... It occurs in the arms of..Pery.

2006 J. Fearn Discovering Heraldry (ed. 2) iii. 22 The rustre (rarely found) is a lozenge with a round hole.

2. Armour. According to Meyrick's (discredited) classification of the surface texture of soldiers' body-garments in medieval illustrations: each of the rings of metal used to make a piece of ring-mail. historical (now rare).An inference by Meyrick as to the origin of the heraldic charge. Cf. mascle n.¹ 3.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > armour > [noun] > mail-armour > ring or plate of

ringOE

mailc1330

rustre1818

1818 S. R. Meyrick in Archaeologia (1821) 19 125 The rustre may be seen in fig. 70 and 71 of the 14th plate to the 2d volume of Edmondson's Heraldry.

1847 J. Parker Gloss. Terms Heraldry 270 Some ancient armour was composed of rustres sewn upon cloth.

1904 Archaeologia 59 65 The rustre form is well shown on an effigy at Llanarmon-in-Yale, Denbighshire, as a mode of defence to the arm as far as the elbow joint.

Derivatives

ˈrustred adj. Armour (of a coat of mail) made or provided with overlapping rings.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > armour > [adjective] > made of or furnished with mail

ringedOE

maileda1382

rustred1818

1818 S. R. Meyrick in Archaeologia (1821) 19 126 Though such an expression might be applied to the single-mail, which was composed of rings set edgewise, it seems more suitable to the rustred, in which part of the rings were absolutely hid.

1904 Archaeologia 59 65 Scale armour..had been in use in remote antiquity without a sign of any rustred form being recorded.

1994 C. Turner tr. A. Corvisier Dict. Mil. Hist. 33/2 The coat of mail..was..‘rustred’ if the rings, stitched onto cloth or leather, partly overlap.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	rustre
释义	rustren. Brit. /ˈrʌstə/, U.S. /ˈrəstər/ Forms: 1600s– rustre, 1700s roustrie. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French rustre. Etymology: < French †rustre (1611 in Cotgrave), alteration of Middle French, French ruste (probably 15th cent.), itself an alteration of Middle French rute (1338) < Middle Dutch rute rhombus (also in specific heraldic use; Dutch ruit ), of uncertain origin, perhaps an extended use of the plant name rute rue n.², on account of the pattern formed by the tips of its petals.The reasons for the alterations in form in French are uncertain; they may arise from folk-etymological association with rustre , ruste rude, violent (see roister n.¹). 1. Heraldry. A charge in the form of a lozenge, with a round hole in the middle through which the field appears. ΘΚΠ society > communication > indication > insignia > heraldic devices collective > charge: device on shield > [noun] > less honourable charge > diamond-shaped charge > pierced with circular opening rustre1664 1664 G. Havers tr. T. Renaudot et al. Gen. Coll. Disc. Virtuosi France xcvii. 562 Rustres, which are Lozanges pierced round. 1722 A. Nisbet Syst. Heraldry I. 171 The Sub-Ordinaries... Fusils, Lozenge, Mascle, Roustrie, Frett, [etc.]. 1762 P. Murdoch tr. A. F. Büsching New Syst. Geogr. V. 480 A lion crowned Or in a field sable, and below it eight black rustres in a field Or. 1838 Penny Cycl. XII. 141/2 The subordinate ordinaries,..the Lozenge, the Fusil, the Mascle, and the Rustre. 1880 Encycl. Brit. XI. 697/1 The lozenge, the mascle, and the rustre are all derived from the fret or fretty. 1904 A. C. Fox-Davies Art Heraldry xiii. 103/2 The rustre is comparatively rare... It occurs in the arms of..Pery. 2006 J. Fearn Discovering Heraldry (ed. 2) iii. 22 The rustre (rarely found) is a lozenge with a round hole. 2. Armour. According to Meyrick's (discredited) classification of the surface texture of soldiers' body-garments in medieval illustrations: each of the rings of metal used to make a piece of ring-mail. historical (now rare).An inference by Meyrick as to the origin of the heraldic charge. Cf. mascle n.¹ 3. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > armour > [noun] > mail-armour > ring or plate of ringOE mailc1330 rustre1818 1818 S. R. Meyrick in Archaeologia (1821) 19 125 The rustre may be seen in fig. 70 and 71 of the 14th plate to the 2d volume of Edmondson's Heraldry. 1847 J. Parker Gloss. Terms Heraldry 270 Some ancient armour was composed of rustres sewn upon cloth. 1904 Archaeologia 59 65 The rustre form is well shown on an effigy at Llanarmon-in-Yale, Denbighshire, as a mode of defence to the arm as far as the elbow joint. Derivatives ˈrustred adj. Armour (of a coat of mail) made or provided with overlapping rings. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > armour > [adjective] > made of or furnished with mail ringedOE maileda1382 rustred1818 1818 S. R. Meyrick in Archaeologia (1821) 19 126 Though such an expression might be applied to the single-mail, which was composed of rings set edgewise, it seems more suitable to the rustred, in which part of the rings were absolutely hid. 1904 Archaeologia 59 65 Scale armour..had been in use in remote antiquity without a sign of any rustred form being recorded. 1994 C. Turner tr. A. Corvisier Dict. Mil. Hist. 33/2 The coat of mail..was..‘rustred’ if the rings, stitched onto cloth or leather, partly overlap. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1664
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