Russelln.¹

Brit.

/ˈrʌsl/, U.S.

/ˈrəs(ə)l/

Forms: 1800s– Russel (irregular), 1800s– Russell. Also with lower-case initial.

Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Russell.

Etymology: < the name of Patrick Russell (1727–1805), Scottish physician and naturalist.

attributive and in the genitive. Designating a large and dangerously venomous viper, Daboia russellii, found in India, Burma (Myanmar), and Thailand, having a yellow-brown body with black markings. Chiefly in Russell's viper.First named Coluber russellii in Russell's honour by G. Shaw in 1797.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > reptiles > order Squamata (lizards and snakes) > suborder Ophidia (snakes) > types of snake > [noun] > family Viperidae (vipers) > genus Vipera > vipera russellii (Russell's viper)

polonga1681

tic-polonga1825

Russell1832

daboya1872

1797 G. Shaw Vivarium Naturæ, or Naturalist’s Misc. VIII. pl. ccxci (caption) The Russelian Snake.]

1832 Synopsis Contents Brit. Mus. (ed. 27) 48 Amongst these there are..the Puff Adder, or Short Tailed Viper (Vipera inflata), the most deadly snake of the Cape; and Russel's Viper (Col. Russeli).

1880 Destr. Life Snakes W. India 117 A specimen was brought in to Rutnagerry at least three times the size of Russell's snake.

1907 M. Power Wayside India iii. 45 The cobra is not considered so dangerous as the russel's-viper.

1922 Illustr. World Mar. 713/1 If by chance one is bitten by a cobra, or the deadly Russell viper, the only successful antidote is the venom or serum of that particular serpent.

1937 L. Bromfield Rains Came i. i. 7 They would come swarming out of old roots and crannies in the wall—the cobras, the Russell's vipers, the fierce little kraits.

1967 Progr. Medicinal Chem. 5 185 The injection of toxic agents such as compound 48/80 and Russel Viper Venom results in disruption of mast cells.

1989 M. Wiggins John Dollar (1990) ii. 73 He's the one that Edward found was thieving. Kept a Russel's viper as a pet.

2008 S. Sudhakaran Haunting Silhouettes 65 It was a Russell's Viper. Nasreen screamed, bent over her knees, the saliva slipping out of her mouth.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

Russelln.²

Brit.

/ˈrʌsl/, U.S.

/ˈrəs(ə)l/

Forms: 1800s– Russell, 1900s– Russel. Also with lower-case initial.

Origin: Origin uncertain. Perhaps from a proper name. Etymon: proper name Russell.

Etymology: Origin uncertain. Perhaps < Russell, the surname of the supposed inventor of the fabric.

I. Compounds.

1. Russell cord. A hard-wearing ribbed or corded fabric chiefly used for academical and clerical dress, and usually made with a cotton warp and woollen weft.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric made from specific material > made from mixed fibres > [noun] > cotton and wool

moreena1691

satinette1723

jeanette1785

gambroon1812

cassinette1817

merino1818

lustre1831

Russell cord1834

domett1835

mousseline de laine1835

moreen-damask1837

delaine1840

Orleans1844

kerseynette1846

balzarine1849

muslin-de-laine1856

Verona serge1858

president1860

Persian cord1873

moreen silk1889

niggerhead1892

Viyella1894

Verona1904

Panama1907

Parisian cloth1960

1834 Times 16 May 7/2 (advt.) He has also laid in a most extensive stock of Russell cord, diagonal kerseymeres, merinos,..fancy drills, &c., for summer wear.

1896 Woman's Life 11 July 179/2 The fearsome fabric known as Russell cord, that in the far-off days of my childhood constituted my school dresses.

1938 A. M. Mackenzie Found. of Sc. i. v. 65 As fiery a run of objection as there would be if a modern Free Kirk minister should preach in white linen instead of black Russell cord.

1966 Guardian 25 Apr. 7/2 Russell cord is the right stuff for stuff wearers.

1995 G. W. Shaw Academical Dress Brit. & Irish Universities 176 B.A.: a light blue Russell cord hood of the simple shape, faced gold inside the cowl.

†II. Simple uses.

2. = Russell cord at sense 1. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1868 Chambers's Encycl. X. 268/1 Some Coburgs, Orleans, Russells, and Damasks are likewise made with silk warps.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

Russelln.³

Brit.

/ˈrʌsl/, U.S.

/ˈrəs(ə)l/

Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Russell.

Etymology: < the name of Bertrand Arthur William Russell, third Earl Russell (1872–1970), British mathematician and philosopher.

Mathematics and Logic.

1. Russell's paradox n. (also Russell paradox) a logical paradox stated in terms of set theory, concerning the set of all sets that do not contain themselves as members, namely that the condition for it to contain itself is that it should not contain itself.Russell first encountered the paradox in 1901 (see N. Griffin in G. Link One Hundred Years Russell's Paradox (2004) 350). A statement of it appeared in print in B. Russell Principia Math. (1903) I. x. 101–7.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > logic > logical syllogism > logical argument > [noun] > logical fallacy > paradox > types of

the liar1871

logical paradox1904

Russell's paradox1904

Russell's antinomy1930

1904 Bull. Amer. Math. Soc. 11 60 Professor Bôcher's paper began with a discussion of Russell's paradox concerning the class of all classes no one of which contains itself as an element.

1937 Jrnl. Symbolic Logic 2 31 This contradiction corresponds to Russell's paradox.

1977 J. L. Bell & M. Machover Course in Math. Logic x. 462 Unfortunately..(1.2) is untenable even when k = 0, because it leads to the well-known Russell paradox.

2008 I. Stewart Prof. Stewart's Cabinet Math. Curiosities 131 A more carefully stated version of Russell's paradox ruined the life's work of Gottlob Frege, who attempted to base the whole of mathematics on set theory.

2. Russell's antinomy n. (also Russell antinomy) = Russell's paradox n. at sense 1.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > logic > logical syllogism > logical argument > [noun] > logical fallacy > paradox > types of

the liar1871

logical paradox1904

Russell's paradox1904

Russell's antinomy1930

1930 Jrnl. Philos. 27 513 Consider, for example, Russell's antinomy of the class of all classes which do not include themselves.

1960 Jrnl. Symbolic Logic 25 63 Leśniewski's attempted solution of the Russell antinomy by means of his interpretation of ‘class’ and ‘element’.

1963 G. T. Kneebone Math. Logic iv. 127 Russell's antinomy..this is the paradox of the class {x|x ∉ x}.

2003 D. F. Wallace Everything & More (2004) §7f. 276 The most famous set-theoretic paradox of all, which is usually called Russell's Antinomy.

3. Russell set n. (also Russell's set) the set of all sets that do not contain themselves as members (a concept used in stating Russell's paradox).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > logic > predicate or propositional logic > [noun] > set theory or extension > (specific) sets

intersection1909

Russell set1957

universal set2004

1957 Philos. Rev. 66 70 If we suppose that there is a realm of mathematical objects containing a fixed totality of sets, then Russell's set is a set which cannot be in the totality.

1967 Encycl. Philos. V. 46/1 A set r, the ‘Russell set’, is defined by the following condition: for every x, x ∉ r if and only if x ∈ x.

2008 H. H. Field Saving Truth from Paradox 3 The notion of set was hierarchical from the start, so..it should have been obvious all along that there was no Russell set.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

Russelln.⁴

Brit.

/ˈrʌsl/, U.S.

/ˈrəs(ə)l/

Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Russell.

Etymology: < the name of George Russell (1857–1951), English gardener, who developed this variety of lupin.

attributive. Designating a large perennial hybrid lupin with long racemes of often bicoloured flowers, commonly cultivated in gardens for ornament. Esp. in Russell lupin.The Russell lupin is thought to have originated from a hybridization between the North American lupins Lupinus polyphyllus and L. arboreus.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > pea flowers > lupins

electreOE

lupinec1420

flat-bean1597

fig-bean1657

tree lupine1882

blue bonnet1901

Russell1937

1937 My Garden 11 332 The ‘Russell Lupins’..would be more correctly described as a new ‘race’ rather than an improvement of an old.

1974 Country Life 17 Jan. 72/3 George Russell, a Yorkshire gardener, was attempting to improve the perennial lupin and found..one that had sported to a new shape of flower... Virtually all subsequent lupins have been of the ‘Russell’ type.

1979 Guardian 25 Aug. 9/6 We grow Russell lupins as a hobby.

2003 S. Leong Colour Guide to Flowering Perennials 359 Since the Russell hybrids debuted in 1937, they have defined the ornamental lupin.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

n.¹1832

n.²1834

n.³1904

n.⁴1937

单词	russell
释义	Russelln.¹ Brit. /ˈrʌsl/, U.S. /ˈrəs(ə)l/ Forms: 1800s– Russel (irregular), 1800s– Russell. Also with lower-case initial. Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Russell. Etymology: < the name of Patrick Russell (1727–1805), Scottish physician and naturalist. attributive and in the genitive. Designating a large and dangerously venomous viper, Daboia russellii, found in India, Burma (Myanmar), and Thailand, having a yellow-brown body with black markings. Chiefly in Russell's viper.First named Coluber russellii in Russell's honour by G. Shaw in 1797. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > reptiles > order Squamata (lizards and snakes) > suborder Ophidia (snakes) > types of snake > [noun] > family Viperidae (vipers) > genus Vipera > vipera russellii (Russell's viper) polonga1681 tic-polonga1825 Russell1832 daboya1872 1797 G. Shaw Vivarium Naturæ, or Naturalist’s Misc. VIII. pl. ccxci (caption) The Russelian Snake.] 1832 Synopsis Contents Brit. Mus. (ed. 27) 48 Amongst these there are..the Puff Adder, or Short Tailed Viper (Vipera inflata), the most deadly snake of the Cape; and Russel's Viper (Col. Russeli). 1880 Destr. Life Snakes W. India 117 A specimen was brought in to Rutnagerry at least three times the size of Russell's snake. 1907 M. Power Wayside India iii. 45 The cobra is not considered so dangerous as the russel's-viper. 1922 Illustr. World Mar. 713/1 If by chance one is bitten by a cobra, or the deadly Russell viper, the only successful antidote is the venom or serum of that particular serpent. 1937 L. Bromfield Rains Came i. i. 7 They would come swarming out of old roots and crannies in the wall—the cobras, the Russell's vipers, the fierce little kraits. 1967 Progr. Medicinal Chem. 5 185 The injection of toxic agents such as compound 48/80 and Russel Viper Venom results in disruption of mast cells. 1989 M. Wiggins John Dollar (1990) ii. 73 He's the one that Edward found was thieving. Kept a Russel's viper as a pet. 2008 S. Sudhakaran Haunting Silhouettes 65 It was a Russell's Viper. Nasreen screamed, bent over her knees, the saliva slipping out of her mouth. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). Russelln.² Brit. /ˈrʌsl/, U.S. /ˈrəs(ə)l/ Forms: 1800s– Russell, 1900s– Russel. Also with lower-case initial. Origin: Origin uncertain. Perhaps from a proper name. Etymon: proper name Russell. Etymology: Origin uncertain. Perhaps < Russell, the surname of the supposed inventor of the fabric. I. Compounds. 1. Russell cord. A hard-wearing ribbed or corded fabric chiefly used for academical and clerical dress, and usually made with a cotton warp and woollen weft. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric made from specific material > made from mixed fibres > [noun] > cotton and wool moreena1691 satinette1723 jeanette1785 gambroon1812 cassinette1817 merino1818 lustre1831 Russell cord1834 domett1835 mousseline de laine1835 moreen-damask1837 delaine1840 Orleans1844 kerseynette1846 balzarine1849 muslin-de-laine1856 Verona serge1858 president1860 Persian cord1873 moreen silk1889 niggerhead1892 Viyella1894 Verona1904 Panama1907 Parisian cloth1960 1834 Times 16 May 7/2 (advt.) He has also laid in a most extensive stock of Russell cord, diagonal kerseymeres, merinos,..fancy drills, &c., for summer wear. 1896 Woman's Life 11 July 179/2 The fearsome fabric known as Russell cord, that in the far-off days of my childhood constituted my school dresses. 1938 A. M. Mackenzie Found. of Sc. i. v. 65 As fiery a run of objection as there would be if a modern Free Kirk minister should preach in white linen instead of black Russell cord. 1966 Guardian 25 Apr. 7/2 Russell cord is the right stuff for stuff wearers. 1995 G. W. Shaw Academical Dress Brit. & Irish Universities 176 B.A.: a light blue Russell cord hood of the simple shape, faced gold inside the cowl. †II. Simple uses. 2. = Russell cord at sense 1. Obsolete. ΚΠ 1868 Chambers's Encycl. X. 268/1 Some Coburgs, Orleans, Russells, and Damasks are likewise made with silk warps. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). Russelln.³ Brit. /ˈrʌsl/, U.S. /ˈrəs(ə)l/ Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Russell. Etymology: < the name of Bertrand Arthur William Russell, third Earl Russell (1872–1970), British mathematician and philosopher. Mathematics and Logic. 1. Russell's paradox n. (also Russell paradox) a logical paradox stated in terms of set theory, concerning the set of all sets that do not contain themselves as members, namely that the condition for it to contain itself is that it should not contain itself.Russell first encountered the paradox in 1901 (see N. Griffin in G. Link One Hundred Years Russell's Paradox (2004) 350). A statement of it appeared in print in B. Russell Principia Math. (1903) I. x. 101–7. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > logic > logical syllogism > logical argument > [noun] > logical fallacy > paradox > types of the liar1871 logical paradox1904 Russell's paradox1904 Russell's antinomy1930 1904 Bull. Amer. Math. Soc. 11 60 Professor Bôcher's paper began with a discussion of Russell's paradox concerning the class of all classes no one of which contains itself as an element. 1937 Jrnl. Symbolic Logic 2 31 This contradiction corresponds to Russell's paradox. 1977 J. L. Bell & M. Machover Course in Math. Logic x. 462 Unfortunately..(1.2) is untenable even when k = 0, because it leads to the well-known Russell paradox. 2008 I. Stewart Prof. Stewart's Cabinet Math. Curiosities 131 A more carefully stated version of Russell's paradox ruined the life's work of Gottlob Frege, who attempted to base the whole of mathematics on set theory. 2. Russell's antinomy n. (also Russell antinomy) = Russell's paradox n. at sense 1. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > logic > logical syllogism > logical argument > [noun] > logical fallacy > paradox > types of the liar1871 logical paradox1904 Russell's paradox1904 Russell's antinomy1930 1930 Jrnl. Philos. 27 513 Consider, for example, Russell's antinomy of the class of all classes which do not include themselves. 1960 Jrnl. Symbolic Logic 25 63 Leśniewski's attempted solution of the Russell antinomy by means of his interpretation of ‘class’ and ‘element’. 1963 G. T. Kneebone Math. Logic iv. 127 Russell's antinomy..this is the paradox of the class {x\|x ∉ x}. 2003 D. F. Wallace Everything & More (2004) §7f. 276 The most famous set-theoretic paradox of all, which is usually called Russell's Antinomy. 3. Russell set n. (also Russell's set) the set of all sets that do not contain themselves as members (a concept used in stating Russell's paradox). ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > logic > predicate or propositional logic > [noun] > set theory or extension > (specific) sets intersection1909 Russell set1957 universal set2004 1957 Philos. Rev. 66 70 If we suppose that there is a realm of mathematical objects containing a fixed totality of sets, then Russell's set is a set which cannot be in the totality. 1967 Encycl. Philos. V. 46/1 A set r, the ‘Russell set’, is defined by the following condition: for every x, x ∉ r if and only if x ∈ x. 2008 H. H. Field Saving Truth from Paradox 3 The notion of set was hierarchical from the start, so..it should have been obvious all along that there was no Russell set. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). Russelln.⁴ Brit. /ˈrʌsl/, U.S. /ˈrəs(ə)l/ Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Russell. Etymology: < the name of George Russell (1857–1951), English gardener, who developed this variety of lupin. attributive. Designating a large perennial hybrid lupin with long racemes of often bicoloured flowers, commonly cultivated in gardens for ornament. Esp. in Russell lupin.The Russell lupin is thought to have originated from a hybridization between the North American lupins Lupinus polyphyllus and L. arboreus. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > pea flowers > lupins electreOE lupinec1420 flat-bean1597 fig-bean1657 tree lupine1882 blue bonnet1901 Russell1937 1937 My Garden 11 332 The ‘Russell Lupins’..would be more correctly described as a new ‘race’ rather than an improvement of an old. 1974 Country Life 17 Jan. 72/3 George Russell, a Yorkshire gardener, was attempting to improve the perennial lupin and found..one that had sported to a new shape of flower... Virtually all subsequent lupins have been of the ‘Russell’ type. 1979 Guardian 25 Aug. 9/6 We grow Russell lupins as a hobby. 2003 S. Leong Colour Guide to Flowering Perennials 359 Since the Russell hybrids debuted in 1937, they have defined the ornamental lupin. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹1832n.²1834n.³1904n.⁴1937
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