单词 | biogenetic |
释义 | biogeneticadj. 1. a. Biology. Of or relating to the origination of living organisms from other living organisms (rather than by spontaneous generation or abiogenesis). Now rare and chiefly historical. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > theories > [adjective] > of origin or development of life animalistic1739 panspermic1857 post-Darwinian1865 vitalistic1865 nomogenous1869 biogenetic1870 monogenetic1873 biogenetic1879 vitalistic1891 ovistic1893 biogenic1901 hologenetic1936 young-earth1979 1870 Lancet 17 Sept. 407/2 Professor Huxley leans towards the biogenetic view. 1873 Glasgow Med. Jrnl. 5 319 Conceding that some [contagious particles] are animals, some vegetables, and some formless albuminous units, of biogenetic and abiogenetic origin. 1906 Lancet 24 Mar. 839/2 That the ultimate origin of life on the cooling surface of this globe..involves the conception of abiogenesis or archebiosis..is obvious, but the theory of the biogenetic sequence of the successive generations of living organisms..has seemed to gain greater stability from each successive assault. 2002 S. J. Rajan Introd. Mod. Biol. 439 The present life forms can only come from preexisting life. This is called the biogenetic theory. b. Chiefly Biology. Of or relating to the origin or generation of living organisms, or (in later use) the genetics of organisms; in terms of genesis or genetics. ΚΠ 1895 Science 20 Sept. 369/1 The leader in this line of research, L. H. Bailey, has also materially promoted ecological studies by his numerous biogenetic and other writings. 1922 Bot. Gaz. Feb. 128 The differentiations of sex..are perhaps best considered as a smaller cycle operating within the larger alternation of vegetative and reproductive phases and subject to the same biogenetic regulation. 1967 D. B. Harris Concept of Devel. 134 One may note here some analogies between psychological emergence and biogenetic emergence coming about (a) through mutant genes, and (b) through changes in local constellations of genes. 1990 N.Y. Times Bk. Rev. 12 Aug. 7/2 Culturally, Japan is an extended family, ethnically homogeneous (a biogenetic entity), while the United States might be called an ‘intended’ family, demographically heterogeneous (a geopolitical comity). 2004 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 12 Feb. 32/2 These are the outcomes envisioned by the pioneers who believe a biogenetic gold rush will soon take place. 2. Biology. Of or relating to recapitulation (recapitulation n.1 1c). Chiefly in biogenetic law n. the law or theory of recapitulation; cf. biogenesis n. 2. Now historical. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > theories > [noun] > of genetics or evolution theory of preformation1756 Darwinizing1807 development hypothesis1845 generationism1847 theory of evolution1858 Darwinism1860 Darwinianism1861 monogenesis1864 monogenism1865 monogeny1865 pangenesis1868 evolutionism1869 phylogeny1869 polygenism1871 derivation1874 phylogenesis1875 transformism1878 biogenetic law1879 gastraea theory1879 fortuitism1881 organicism1883 hereditism1884 kinetogenesis1884 Lamarckianism1884 Lamarckism1884 neo-Lamarckianism1884 monogenesy1885 neo-Lamarckism1887 preformationism1890 neo-Darwinism1891 blastogenesis1893 Haeckel-ismus1894 Weismannism1894 preformism1895 Haeckelism1899 mutation theory1902 directivity1903 Mendelianism1903 Mendelism1903 hereditarianism1906 mutationism1912 selectionism1912 hologenesis1931 parsimony1931 Morganism1934 Lysenkoism1948 neutralism1972 punctuated equilibrium1972 saltationism1975 punctuationism1977 punctuationalism1978 adaptationism1980 geneticism1984 adaptationalism1985 the world > life > biology > theories > [adjective] > of origin or development of life animalistic1739 panspermic1857 post-Darwinian1865 vitalistic1865 nomogenous1869 biogenetic1870 monogenetic1873 biogenetic1879 vitalistic1891 ovistic1893 biogenic1901 hologenetic1936 young-earth1979 1879 tr. E. Haeckel Evol. Man I. i. 8 The text of the biogenetic first principle is vitiated. 1882 R. Meldola tr. A. Weismann Stud. Theory Descent iii. 611 A corollary to the ‘fundamental biogenetic law’ first enunciated by..Haeckel. 1934 Nature 10 Feb. 199/1 In our judgment the formulation of this biogenetic law was the greatest service which Haeckel did to the science of zoology. 1954 L. Carmichael Man. Child Psychol. (ed. 2) xii. 735/1 The first use to which psychologists put ethnological data was in constructing biogenetic theories in which the postnatal behavior of the child was regarded as recapitulating the past history of the race... This old biogenetic theory continues to crop up in the literature, and psychologists continue to make investigations to disprove it. 1993 E. N. K. Clarkson Invertebr. Palaeontol. & Evol. (ed. 3) ii. 47/1 In embryology and in palaeontology there is very little evidence for this.., and since the widespread acceptance of heterochrony Haeckel's ‘biogenetic law’, as it was called, has been very largely discarded. 3. Chiefly Psychology. Designating biological or physiological causes of mental processes or illness; of or relating to such causes. ΚΠ 1890 Ann. Amer. Acad. Polit. & Social Sci. 1 73 Sociology is an attempt to account for the origin, growth, structure and activities of human society by the operation of physical, biogenetic, and psychogenetic causes, working together in a process of evolution. 1906 J. R. Parke Human Sexuality ix. 397 This definition involves the much disputed question of prenatal influences, the theory of ‘transmitted tendencies’, and the bearing of other primordial agencies on the biogenetic basis of delinquent, as of normal, humanity. 1933 L. E. Hinsie in C. A. Murchison Handbk. Child Psychol. 190 What may be called ‘the method of co-twin control’..is proposed as an experimental method for analyzing biogenetic problems such as the relations of growth and learning in infancy. 1977 C. E. Izard Human Emotions (1978) 311 Kraines (1957) presented a rather detailed biogenetic theory of depression. He considered the etiology of depression to be essentially physiological (hereditary and hormonal influences). 2003 A. S. Gurman & S. B. Messer Essent. Psychotherapies (ed. 2) viii At the biogenetic level, postmodern psychotherapists recognize that some personal difficulties can have physiological origins. 4. Chemistry. = biosynthetic adj., biogenic adj. 1b. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > biological processes > formation of substances, etc. > [adjective] animalized1748 secreting1807 epigenetic1830 elaborative1845 albuminiferous1850 albuminiparous1852 lymphogenous1889 chemosynthetic1898 lymphopoietic1915 biosynthetic1917 biogenetic1930 steroidogenic1951 1930 Chem. Rev. 7 41 Biogenetic relationships... Close structural relationships are often observed to exist between the individual components of a particular essential oil. 1978 Further Perspectives Org. Chem. (CIBA Symp. No. 53) 131 Its strategy is clearly similar to that of the biogenetic route to the tropane skeleton. 1997 Harper's Mag. Apr. 47/2 I learned about the thirty-eight different alkaloids that have been found in somniferum, the ‘biogenetic pathways’ from thebaine to morphine, [etc.] Derivatives ˌbiogeˈnetically adv. with respect to biogenesis; in a biogenetic manner; cf. biogenically adv. at biogenic adj. Derivatives, biosynthetically adv. ΚΠ 1910 Trans. Soc. Trop. Med. & Hygiene 3 82 I consider these chromatin granules to be derived from spirochætes, and, further, to be connected with them biogenetically. 1969 Nature 10 May 576/2 The diterpenoid alkaloids..can be derived biogenetically from an isoprenoid pathway. 1992 Utne Reader Mar.–Apr. 68 Looking forward in time, a biogenetically engineered future also seems rife with potential creative catastrophes. 2004 Bryologist 107 158/1 All three are also closely biogenetically related to salazinic acid. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < adj.1870 |
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