† ruenessn.

Forms: Old English hreawnis (Northumbrian), Old English hreonis, Old English hreounis (Northumbrian), Old English hreownes, Old English hreownis (Anglian), Old English hreownys, Old English hreunes, Old English hreunis (Anglian), Old English hreuwnis (Mercian), Old English hrewnis (Mercian), Old English hrewonise (Northumbrian, accusative), Old English hrewunisse (Northumbrian, accusative), late Old English reownesse, early Middle English reounesse, early Middle English reimes (transmission error), early Middle English reunesse, early Middle English rewnesse, Middle English reunes.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: English hrēow , -ness suffix.

Etymology: < Old English hrēow sad, sorrowful (see rue v.¹) + -ness suffix. Compare Middle High German riuwenisse repentance, grief.

Obsolete.

1. Penitence, repentance, contrition; sorrow, grief.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > suffering > regret > [noun]

rueeOE

ruenessOE

forthinkinga1250

rueinga1400

regratec1485

remorse?1528

regretting1531

regret1534

resentment1632

reluctance1650

reluctancy1654

resentinga1716

lamentation1850

ruesomeness1881

society > morality > virtue > righteousness or rectitude > reform, amendment, or correction > repentance or contrition > [noun]

reusingeOE

rueeOE

ruenessOE

bireusingc1000

penitencea1200

rutha1200

after-charc1220

again-charc1220

ruesomenessa1225

ofthinkingc1225

forthinkinga1250

repentancec1300

penancea1325

pityc1330

compunctiona1340

agenbite1340

repentingc1350

athinking1382

contritionc1386

repentaillec1390

rueinga1400

remorse of conscience (also mind)c1410

conscience?a1425

remorsea1425

penitencya1500

penitudea1538

resipiscency?c1550

penancy?1567

resipiscence1570

repent1573

brokennessa1617

remorsefulnessa1617

synteresy1616

synderesis1639

heart-searching1647

synteresis1650

remordency1658

contriteness1692

resentment1705

penitentness1727

OE (Northumbrian) Lindisf. Gospels: Matt. xxi. 29 Postea autem paenitentia motus abiit : æfter ðon uutedlice mið hreawnise gecerred geeade.

OE (Northumbrian) Lindisf. Gospels: Mark i. 4 Iohannes..praedicans baptismum paenitentię in remissionem peccatorum: Iohannes..bodade fulwiht hreownisses on forgefnisse synna.

OE Poenitentiale Pseudo-Egberti (Laud) i. 7. 5 Be þam ðe se dædbeta æfter his dædbote hreownesse ne sceal gecyrran to þisse worulde gefeohte.

a1225 (c1200) Vices & Virtues (1888) 95 (MED) Unneaðe ich mihte ðis writen for ðo teares ðe comen ierninde from ðare well-riðe of rewnesse.

?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 116 Þe muchele reounesse of þe lure of þe muchele blisse of heouene.

a1275 Body & Soul (Trin. Cambr. B.14.39) l. 118 in A. S. M. Clark Seint Maregrete & Body & Soul (Ph.D. diss., Univ. of Michigan) (1972) 142 Þus a departet mit mukel reimes [read reunes]: þe souel in to helle.

2. Pity, compassion. Also: an occasion for this.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > compassion > [noun]

rutha1200

ruenessa1225

ruefulnessc1225

birewnessa1250

pityc1300

ruea1325

compassionc1340

midtholing1340

miserationa1382

rueinga1382

bowel1382

mildc1390

tendresse1390

ruefulhead?a1400

ruthnessa1400

tendernessa1400

compunction1430

bowels of compassion1526

remorse1538

commiseration1582

kindheartedness1583

commorse1595

earning1603

tender-heartedness1607

compassionateness1614

visceraa1651

ruthfulness1674

karuna1850

a1225 (c1200) Vices & Virtues (1888) 39 (MED) Hit is a michel reunesse of mani mann ðe..wenþ þat he bie wis and ðat he haue mid him godes luue and mannes, and ne haueð naht.

a1300 Serm. (Trin. Cambr.) in Bull. Mod. Humanities Res. Assoc. (1928) 2 105 (MED) Manie soruful teris..he gret for reunesse of hem þat werin at maleise.

c1300 Havelok (Laud) (1868) 502 He þe knaue nouth ne slou, But fo rewnesse him wit-drow.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 3134 (MED) Moght na reunes [Fairf. sorow, Gött. pite] do him reu, þat he ne wald leuer his child cole þan of his lauerd wrath to thole.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	rueness
释义	† ruenessn. Forms: Old English hreawnis (Northumbrian), Old English hreonis, Old English hreounis (Northumbrian), Old English hreownes, Old English hreownis (Anglian), Old English hreownys, Old English hreunes, Old English hreunis (Anglian), Old English hreuwnis (Mercian), Old English hrewnis (Mercian), Old English hrewonise (Northumbrian, accusative), Old English hrewunisse (Northumbrian, accusative), late Old English reownesse, early Middle English reounesse, early Middle English reimes (transmission error), early Middle English reunesse, early Middle English rewnesse, Middle English reunes. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: English hrēow , -ness suffix. Etymology: < Old English hrēow sad, sorrowful (see rue v.¹) + -ness suffix. Compare Middle High German riuwenisse repentance, grief. Obsolete. 1. Penitence, repentance, contrition; sorrow, grief. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > regret > [noun] rueeOE ruenessOE forthinkinga1250 rueinga1400 regratec1485 remorse?1528 regretting1531 regret1534 resentment1632 reluctance1650 reluctancy1654 resentinga1716 lamentation1850 ruesomeness1881 society > morality > virtue > righteousness or rectitude > reform, amendment, or correction > repentance or contrition > [noun] reusingeOE rueeOE ruenessOE bireusingc1000 penitencea1200 rutha1200 after-charc1220 again-charc1220 ruesomenessa1225 ofthinkingc1225 forthinkinga1250 repentancec1300 penancea1325 pityc1330 compunctiona1340 agenbite1340 repentingc1350 athinking1382 contritionc1386 repentaillec1390 rueinga1400 remorse of conscience (also mind)c1410 conscience?a1425 remorsea1425 penitencya1500 penitudea1538 resipiscency?c1550 penancy?1567 resipiscence1570 repent1573 brokennessa1617 remorsefulnessa1617 synteresy1616 synderesis1639 heart-searching1647 synteresis1650 remordency1658 contriteness1692 resentment1705 penitentness1727 OE (Northumbrian) Lindisf. Gospels: Matt. xxi. 29 Postea autem paenitentia motus abiit : æfter ðon uutedlice mið hreawnise gecerred geeade. OE (Northumbrian) Lindisf. Gospels: Mark i. 4 Iohannes..praedicans baptismum paenitentię in remissionem peccatorum: Iohannes..bodade fulwiht hreownisses on forgefnisse synna. OE Poenitentiale Pseudo-Egberti (Laud) i. 7. 5 Be þam ðe se dædbeta æfter his dædbote hreownesse ne sceal gecyrran to þisse worulde gefeohte. a1225 (c1200) Vices & Virtues (1888) 95 (MED) Unneaðe ich mihte ðis writen for ðo teares ðe comen ierninde from ðare well-riðe of rewnesse. ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 116 Þe muchele reounesse of þe lure of þe muchele blisse of heouene. a1275 Body & Soul (Trin. Cambr. B.14.39) l. 118 in A. S. M. Clark Seint Maregrete & Body & Soul (Ph.D. diss., Univ. of Michigan) (1972) 142 Þus a departet mit mukel reimes [read reunes]: þe souel in to helle. 2. Pity, compassion. Also: an occasion for this. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > compassion > [noun] rutha1200 ruenessa1225 ruefulnessc1225 birewnessa1250 pityc1300 ruea1325 compassionc1340 midtholing1340 miserationa1382 rueinga1382 bowel1382 mildc1390 tendresse1390 ruefulhead?a1400 ruthnessa1400 tendernessa1400 compunction1430 bowels of compassion1526 remorse1538 commiseration1582 kindheartedness1583 commorse1595 earning1603 tender-heartedness1607 compassionateness1614 visceraa1651 ruthfulness1674 karuna1850 a1225 (c1200) Vices & Virtues (1888) 39 (MED) Hit is a michel reunesse of mani mann ðe..wenþ þat he bie wis and ðat he haue mid him godes luue and mannes, and ne haueð naht. a1300 Serm. (Trin. Cambr.) in Bull. Mod. Humanities Res. Assoc. (1928) 2 105 (MED) Manie soruful teris..he gret for reunesse of hem þat werin at maleise. c1300 Havelok (Laud) (1868) 502 He þe knaue nouth ne slou, But fo rewnesse him wit-drow. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 3134 (MED) Moght na reunes [Fairf. sorow, Gött. pite] do him reu, þat he ne wald leuer his child cole þan of his lauerd wrath to thole. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.OE
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