Etymology: < rouse v.¹ Compare earlier rousing n.¹

Etymology: Probably shortened < carouse n. by misapprehension of the phrase to drink carouse at carouse adv.It has been suggested that the word is < Danish rus, †ruus intoxication ( < ruse to be intoxicated, specific sense development of ruse (see rush v.²); compare Icelandic rús, Old Swedish, Swedish rus, Dutch roes (1596 as †ruys), Middle Low German rūsch (German regional (Low German) rūse), German Rausch (16th cent.; already in Middle High German as rūsch in senses ‘impetuous behaviour’ and ‘act of moving quickly’), all in senses ‘intoxication’ and ‘drunken fit’, which likewise show deverbal nouns). However, both form and meaning of the English word are more easily accounted for by the above explanation. The mention of ‘the Danish rowsa’ in the following quot. may simply be due to the passages in Hamlet:1609 T. Dekker Guls Horne-bk. sig. B2^v Awake thou noblest drunkerd Bacchus, thou must likewise stand to me (if at least thou canst for reeling) teach me (you soueraigne Skinker) how to take the Germanies vpsy freeze; the Danish Rowsa, the Switzers stoap of Rhenish, the Italians Parmizant: the Englishmans healthes, his hoopes, cans, halfe cans, Gloues, Frolicks and flap dragons.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman rus, Anglo-Norman and Middle French rous (Middle French, French roux ) red-haired (1139, originally and chiefly as sobriquet of King William II of England (compare rufus n.); c1135 in Old French as ros in uncertain sense, either ‘red-haired’ or ‘red-faced’) < classical Latin russus red, red-haired < a suffixed form of the same Indo-European base as red adj. Compare Old Occitan ros, Catalan ros (14th cent.), Italian rosso (beginning of the 14th cent.).Attested earlier in surnames, e.g. Alanus Rus (1208–9), Robertus le Rus (1237–8), Henricus le Rus (1286), although these more probably reflect the Anglo-Norman word.

Etymology: Origin unknown. Compare arouse v.In view of the fact that the verb is first attested as a technical term in hawking and hunting, a subject area which contains many French loanwords, the verb is frequently assumed to be of French (perhaps Anglo-Norman) origin; however, no convincing French etymon has been established. Anglo-Norman russer , roser , Anglo-Norman and Old French rëuser , Anglo-Norman and Middle French, French ruser to repulse, drive back (see rush v.²) is sometimes suggested as etymon, but is too different in sense to be convincing. Other suggestions have included borrowing from the early Scandinavian verb represented by Danish ruse , Swedish rusa (see the etymological note at rush v.²), which also seems unlikely on semantic grounds. With sense 8 perhaps compare rouze v.

Etymology: Origin unknown. It is striking that the meaning belongs to the same semantic field as rouse v.¹ 4, but is entirely opposite.

Etymology: Aphetic < arrouse v. Compare Anglo-Norman roser to sprinkle (first quarter of the 14th cent.; probably < arroser arrouse v., with loss of the initial vowel). Compare earlier rousing n.²

Etymology: Origin uncertain; compare slightly later roust v.³, which is evidently related. Perhaps an extended use of rouse v.¹ with devoicing of the final consonant (compare use of rouse v.¹ in Scots in sense ‘to grow angry’: see Sc. National Dict. at rouse v.¹), or perhaps (as suggested in Australian National Dict. at rouse v.¹) an extended use of roust v.¹ with loss of the final consonant.