ruddlen.¹adj.

Brit.

/ˈrʌdl/, U.S.

/ˈrəd(ə)l/

Forms: Middle English rodel, 1500s ruddell, 1500s–1600s (1800s English regional) rudle, 1500s– ruddle.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: rud n.¹, -le suffix 1

Etymology: < rud n.¹ + -le suffix 1. Compare German Rötel (15th cent. or earlier), and also Middle Low German rōdelstēn , German Rötelstein (1470 or earlier; compare also the Germanic forms cited at red stone n.). Compare post-classical Latin rudellum (1371 in a British source). Compare slightly earlier raddle n.¹ and later ruddle v. Compare also earlier redding n.² 1, red stone n. 1, and rud n.¹ 3b.

A. n.¹

A red pigment consisting of a variety of ochre, used esp. for marking sheep; red ochre, reddle. Cf. rud n.¹ 3b.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > red colouring matter > [noun] > earths as colouring matter

red stoneeOE

red eartheOE

redding1292

raddlea1350

ruddle1353

rubric?1440

red ochre1481

sinoper1501

red1538

red chalk1538

sinople1548

terra sigillata1563

almagre1598

majolica1598

minium1613

orell1614

reddle1648

India red1668

Indian red1672

riddle1681

smit1728

Persian earth1735

red marl1748

abraum1753

Terra Sienna1760

tivera1825

kokowai1836

sinopia1844

sinopis1857

1353 in L. F. Salzman Building in Eng. (1992) x. 158 (MED) Rodel [for reddening the buildings of the Staple].

1538 T. Elyot Dict. Rubrica,..ruddle wherwith shepe are marked.

1576 G. Baker tr. C. Gesner Newe Jewell of Health ii. f. 42 The redde Chalke (that we name Ruddell).

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. 147 They colour and paint their bodies with a kind of red chalk or rudle called Rubrica.

1684 tr. T. Bonet Guide Pract. Physician ix. 329 The mixture of the white of an Egg and Carpenters ruddle.

a1722 E. Lisle Observ. Husbandry (1757) 499 Tho' the ruddle, if the sheep be much ruddled, weighs to our loss, yet that washes out.

1777 G. Forster Voy. round World I. 138 Their hair was black, and curling, and smeared with oil and ruddle.

1848 B. D. Walsh in tr. Aristophanes Comedies 11 (note) To sweep the market-place with a rope covered with vermilion or ruddle.

1873 R. Browning Red Cotton Night-cap Country ii. 100 The florist bedded thick His primrose-root in ruddle.

1915 W. J. Malden Brit. Sheep & Shepherding xv. 110 Ruddle or ochre of several colours is required to make distinguishing marks.

1952 Recorded Interview (Brit. Libr. Sound Archive) (Survey Eng. Dial.: C908) (MS transcript) Track 46 [Yorkshire] The ruddle hasn't been bled, first tupping they call it.

1999 Descent Oct.–Nov. 16/1 Haematite has been mined in several distinct forms,..the soft and highly coloured ‘smit’ or paste ore used for marking sheep (reddle or ruddle) or in paint manufacture.

B. adj.

Of the colour of ruddle; designating this colour; red; ruddy. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > [adjective]

redeOE

reodeOE

ruddya1398

reddy?c1400

purple1415

rougea1425

redly1486

gules1503

red-coloured1547

guly1592

blushing1597

angrya1616

rubric1623

minious1646

nacarinea1648

ruddle1649

rubriform1704

carbuncly?1730

blushful1804

envermeiled1822

ablush1852

flammulated1872

pyrrhous1890

1649 C. Hoole Easie Entrance Lat. Tongue 324/1 Synoper and ruddle color.

1697 D. Baker Oat of Moschus in Poems Several Occasions 11 His Skin..All over Ruddle is, and from His flaming Eyes quick glances come.

1834 T. Hood Tylney Hall II. 93 That animated Dutch doll, with great staring black eyes, ruddle cheeks, and a redder mouth.

1946 E. Short Fifty Years of Vaudeville i. 1 Who would wish to lose the memory of Marie Studholme, with the gold of her ruddle hair framed by the big white bonnet which she wore when the New Gaiety was opened in 1903?

1955 E. Dahlberg Cipango's Hinder Door in New Direct. (Internat. Issue) No. 15, 152 A turnip nose cropping up from the ruddle face.

Compounds

a. General attributive and objective.

ΚΠ

1647 H. Hexham Copious Eng. & Netherduytch Dict. (Stones) A Ruddle stone, een Vermillioen steen.

a1722 E. Lisle Observ. Husbandry (1757) 376 In shearing the sheep at Sir Ambrose Phillips's, the shepherd gave them the ruddle-stroke.

1777 J. Nicolson & R. Burn Hist. Westmorland & Cumberland II. 82 Sir Robert Sibbald tells us, that his countrymen give the name of keel to the rubrica fabrilis or common ruddle stone.

1993 J. Pournelle & S. M. Stirling Prince of Sparta 179 Locally higher concentrations are studded through the mass of the mountain and nearby deposits of ‘ruddle’ hematite have iron contents of up to 83%.

b. Parasynthetic. [In ruddle-coloured (quot. 1837) after ancient Greek μεμιλτωμένοs, lit. ‘covered with red ochre’; compare quot. 1848 at sense A.]

ΚΠ

1837 C. A. Wheelwright tr. Aristophanes Comedies II. 106 Fly to avoid the ruddle-colour'd [Gk. μεμιλτωμένον] rope.

1858 E. A. Leatham Charmione I. 267 Who is that jolly ruddle-faced rustic, with the dusty cloak and sandals?

1904 R. Kipling Traffics & Discov. 137 I bain't the ram-faced, ruddle-nosed old fule yeou reckon I be.

1932 T. E. Lawrence tr. Homer Odyssey (new ed.) ix. 123 The Cyclopes have no ruddle-cheeked ships, nor shipwrights to make them such seaworthy vessels.

2005 Guardian (Nexis) 5 Feb. (Travel section) 14 I love the ruddle-coloured soil of Devon.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

ruddlen.²

Brit.

/ˈrʌdl/, U.S.

/ˈrəd(ə)l/

Forms: 1800s ruddle, 1800s rudle.

Origin: Of uncertain origin. Perhaps a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: ruddle n.¹

Etymology: Origin uncertain; perhaps a humorous specific use of ruddle n.¹, although the semantic connection is unclear. Some reference to the ruddy colour of the drink (if prepared with ale) is possible, but would also apply to unmixed ales as well as other ale-based drinks.

English regional (Suffolk).

A type of drink made from mulled beer and gin.

ΚΠ

1823 E. Moor Suffolk Words 323 Rudle, a beverage composed of warm beer and gin with sugar, and a slice of lemon peel.

1889 Sat. Rev. 9 Nov. 519/1 Dog's-nose, egg-hot, ruddle, and the like are agreeable stimulants on a frosty night.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

ruddlev.

Brit.

/ˈrʌdl/, U.S.

/ˈrəd(ə)l/

Forms: 1500s ruddel, 1500s 1700s– ruddle.

Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: ruddle n.¹

Etymology: < ruddle n.¹

transitive. To mark, smear, or paint with ruddle or another red substance; to redden. Occasionally intransitive. Also figurative and in extended use. Cf. rud v.¹

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > making or becoming red > make red [verb (transitive)] > with dye, stain, or pigment

purple?a1475

ruddle1538

bloody1590

sanguine1591

scutchanele1596

vermeil1596

vermilion1606

gule1609

incarnadinea1616

raddle1631

vermilion1656

bow-dyea1658

reddle1663

miniate1670

rud1680

tiver1792

red-ochre1805

roucou1817

vermilionize1854

red-lead1871

the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > making or becoming red > become red [verb (intransitive)] > mark with red

ruddle1960

1538 T. Elyot Dict. Rubricatus, coloured with redde or ruddelyd, as shepe are.

1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Redned, ruddled, or couloured with redde. Rubricatus.

1755 T. Smollett tr. M. de Cervantes Don Quixote II. iii. xi. 264 I learned to make such letters as are ruddled upon packs.

1776 C. Anstey Election Ball 29 Ruddle them over like Sheep vor the Market.

1804 Ann. Rev. & Hist. Lit. 1803 2 280 A severer criticism construes the epithet to mean ruddled, or painted red.

1859 W. White Northumberland & Border xxviii. 440 A woman..was ruddling her doorstep.

1860 H. Mayhew Upper Rhine iv. 178 [A] red ribbon on his coat to ruddle him with the mark of a superior breed.

1876 R. F. Burton Two Trips Gorilla Land I. 206 A fan of palm frond redolent of grease and ruddled with ochre.

1908 Rep. Cambr. Anthropol. Exped. Torres Straits VI. i. xviii. 34 Taking some red paint he ruddled himself from head to foot.

1958 L. Hadley Give me World viii. 138 I scrubbed his back until it was ruddled with red marks.

1960 S. Plath Colossus 52 Imagine their deep hunger, deep as the dark For the blood-heat that would ruddle or reclaim.

2001 A. Duncan Anxiety before entering Room 13 Carved into orthogonic Roman stone in Edict Style, canonically straight registers traced by cords and ruddled with red ochre.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

n.¹adj.1353

n.²1823

v.1538

单词	ruddle
释义	ruddlen.¹adj. Brit. /ˈrʌdl/, U.S. /ˈrəd(ə)l/ Forms: Middle English rodel, 1500s ruddell, 1500s–1600s (1800s English regional) rudle, 1500s– ruddle. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: rud n.¹, -le suffix 1 Etymology: < rud n.¹ + -le suffix 1. Compare German Rötel (15th cent. or earlier), and also Middle Low German rōdelstēn , German Rötelstein (1470 or earlier; compare also the Germanic forms cited at red stone n.). Compare post-classical Latin rudellum (1371 in a British source). Compare slightly earlier raddle n.¹ and later ruddle v. Compare also earlier redding n.² 1, red stone n. 1, and rud n.¹ 3b. A. n.¹ A red pigment consisting of a variety of ochre, used esp. for marking sheep; red ochre, reddle. Cf. rud n.¹ 3b. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > red colouring matter > [noun] > earths as colouring matter red stoneeOE red eartheOE redding1292 raddlea1350 ruddle1353 rubric?1440 red ochre1481 sinoper1501 red1538 red chalk1538 sinople1548 terra sigillata1563 almagre1598 majolica1598 minium1613 orell1614 reddle1648 India red1668 Indian red1672 riddle1681 smit1728 Persian earth1735 red marl1748 abraum1753 Terra Sienna1760 tivera1825 kokowai1836 sinopia1844 sinopis1857 1353 in L. F. Salzman Building in Eng. (1992) x. 158 (MED) Rodel [for reddening the buildings of the Staple]. 1538 T. Elyot Dict. Rubrica,..ruddle wherwith shepe are marked. 1576 G. Baker tr. C. Gesner Newe Jewell of Health ii. f. 42 The redde Chalke (that we name Ruddell). 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. 147 They colour and paint their bodies with a kind of red chalk or rudle called Rubrica. 1684 tr. T. Bonet Guide Pract. Physician ix. 329 The mixture of the white of an Egg and Carpenters ruddle. a1722 E. Lisle Observ. Husbandry (1757) 499 Tho' the ruddle, if the sheep be much ruddled, weighs to our loss, yet that washes out. 1777 G. Forster Voy. round World I. 138 Their hair was black, and curling, and smeared with oil and ruddle. 1848 B. D. Walsh in tr. Aristophanes Comedies 11 (note) To sweep the market-place with a rope covered with vermilion or ruddle. 1873 R. Browning Red Cotton Night-cap Country ii. 100 The florist bedded thick His primrose-root in ruddle. 1915 W. J. Malden Brit. Sheep & Shepherding xv. 110 Ruddle or ochre of several colours is required to make distinguishing marks. 1952 Recorded Interview (Brit. Libr. Sound Archive) (Survey Eng. Dial.: C908) (MS transcript) Track 46 [Yorkshire] The ruddle hasn't been bled, first tupping they call it. 1999 Descent Oct.–Nov. 16/1 Haematite has been mined in several distinct forms,..the soft and highly coloured ‘smit’ or paste ore used for marking sheep (reddle or ruddle) or in paint manufacture. B. adj. Of the colour of ruddle; designating this colour; red; ruddy. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > [adjective] redeOE reodeOE ruddya1398 reddy?c1400 purple1415 rougea1425 redly1486 gules1503 red-coloured1547 guly1592 blushing1597 angrya1616 rubric1623 minious1646 nacarinea1648 ruddle1649 rubriform1704 carbuncly?1730 blushful1804 envermeiled1822 ablush1852 flammulated1872 pyrrhous1890 1649 C. Hoole Easie Entrance Lat. Tongue 324/1 Synoper and ruddle color. 1697 D. Baker Oat of Moschus in Poems Several Occasions 11 His Skin..All over Ruddle is, and from His flaming Eyes quick glances come. 1834 T. Hood Tylney Hall II. 93 That animated Dutch doll, with great staring black eyes, ruddle cheeks, and a redder mouth. 1946 E. Short Fifty Years of Vaudeville i. 1 Who would wish to lose the memory of Marie Studholme, with the gold of her ruddle hair framed by the big white bonnet which she wore when the New Gaiety was opened in 1903? 1955 E. Dahlberg Cipango's Hinder Door in New Direct. (Internat. Issue) No. 15, 152 A turnip nose cropping up from the ruddle face. Compounds a. General attributive and objective. ΚΠ 1647 H. Hexham Copious Eng. & Netherduytch Dict. (Stones) A Ruddle stone, een Vermillioen steen. a1722 E. Lisle Observ. Husbandry (1757) 376 In shearing the sheep at Sir Ambrose Phillips's, the shepherd gave them the ruddle-stroke. 1777 J. Nicolson & R. Burn Hist. Westmorland & Cumberland II. 82 Sir Robert Sibbald tells us, that his countrymen give the name of keel to the rubrica fabrilis or common ruddle stone. 1993 J. Pournelle & S. M. Stirling Prince of Sparta 179 Locally higher concentrations are studded through the mass of the mountain and nearby deposits of ‘ruddle’ hematite have iron contents of up to 83%. b. Parasynthetic. [In ruddle-coloured (quot. 1837) after ancient Greek μεμιλτωμένοs, lit. ‘covered with red ochre’; compare quot. 1848 at sense A.] ΚΠ 1837 C. A. Wheelwright tr. Aristophanes Comedies II. 106 Fly to avoid the ruddle-colour'd [Gk. μεμιλτωμένον] rope. 1858 E. A. Leatham Charmione I. 267 Who is that jolly ruddle-faced rustic, with the dusty cloak and sandals? 1904 R. Kipling Traffics & Discov. 137 I bain't the ram-faced, ruddle-nosed old fule yeou reckon I be. 1932 T. E. Lawrence tr. Homer Odyssey (new ed.) ix. 123 The Cyclopes have no ruddle-cheeked ships, nor shipwrights to make them such seaworthy vessels. 2005 Guardian (Nexis) 5 Feb. (Travel section) 14 I love the ruddle-coloured soil of Devon. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). ruddlen.² Brit. /ˈrʌdl/, U.S. /ˈrəd(ə)l/ Forms: 1800s ruddle, 1800s rudle. Origin: Of uncertain origin. Perhaps a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: ruddle n.¹ Etymology: Origin uncertain; perhaps a humorous specific use of ruddle n.¹, although the semantic connection is unclear. Some reference to the ruddy colour of the drink (if prepared with ale) is possible, but would also apply to unmixed ales as well as other ale-based drinks. English regional (Suffolk). A type of drink made from mulled beer and gin. ΚΠ 1823 E. Moor Suffolk Words 323 Rudle, a beverage composed of warm beer and gin with sugar, and a slice of lemon peel. 1889 Sat. Rev. 9 Nov. 519/1 Dog's-nose, egg-hot, ruddle, and the like are agreeable stimulants on a frosty night. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). ruddlev. Brit. /ˈrʌdl/, U.S. /ˈrəd(ə)l/ Forms: 1500s ruddel, 1500s 1700s– ruddle. Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: ruddle n.¹ Etymology: < ruddle n.¹ transitive. To mark, smear, or paint with ruddle or another red substance; to redden. Occasionally intransitive. Also figurative and in extended use. Cf. rud v.¹ ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > making or becoming red > make red [verb (transitive)] > with dye, stain, or pigment purple?a1475 ruddle1538 bloody1590 sanguine1591 scutchanele1596 vermeil1596 vermilion1606 gule1609 incarnadinea1616 raddle1631 vermilion1656 bow-dyea1658 reddle1663 miniate1670 rud1680 tiver1792 red-ochre1805 roucou1817 vermilionize1854 red-lead1871 the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > making or becoming red > become red [verb (intransitive)] > mark with red ruddle1960 1538 T. Elyot Dict. Rubricatus, coloured with redde or ruddelyd, as shepe are. 1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Redned, ruddled, or couloured with redde. Rubricatus. 1755 T. Smollett tr. M. de Cervantes Don Quixote II. iii. xi. 264 I learned to make such letters as are ruddled upon packs. 1776 C. Anstey Election Ball 29 Ruddle them over like Sheep vor the Market. 1804 Ann. Rev. & Hist. Lit. 1803 2 280 A severer criticism construes the epithet to mean ruddled, or painted red. 1859 W. White Northumberland & Border xxviii. 440 A woman..was ruddling her doorstep. 1860 H. Mayhew Upper Rhine iv. 178 [A] red ribbon on his coat to ruddle him with the mark of a superior breed. 1876 R. F. Burton Two Trips Gorilla Land I. 206 A fan of palm frond redolent of grease and ruddled with ochre. 1908 Rep. Cambr. Anthropol. Exped. Torres Straits VI. i. xviii. 34 Taking some red paint he ruddled himself from head to foot. 1958 L. Hadley Give me World viii. 138 I scrubbed his back until it was ruddled with red marks. 1960 S. Plath Colossus 52 Imagine their deep hunger, deep as the dark For the blood-heat that would ruddle or reclaim. 2001 A. Duncan Anxiety before entering Room 13 Carved into orthogonic Roman stone in Edict Style, canonically straight registers traced by cords and ruddled with red ochre. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹adj.1353n.²1823v.1538
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ruddlen.1adj.

Compounds

ruddlen.2

ruddlev.

ruddlen.¹adj.

ruddlen.²