rostraladj.n.

Brit.

/ˈrɒstr(ə)l/, U.S.

/ˈrɔstr(ə)l/,

/ˈrɑstr(ə)l/

Forms: Middle English rostrale, Middle English 1600s– rostral, 1500s rostralle.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French rostral; Latin rostralis.

Etymology: < Middle French, French rostral beak-shaped (1363), decorated with representations of the beakheads of warships (1663 in colonne rostrale ) and its etymon post-classical Latin rostralis set up on the rostra (5th cent.), designating either of two beak-like bony processes (14th cent.), decorated with representations of the beakheads especially of Greek or Roman warships (1670 in corona rostralis rostral crown) < classical Latin rostrum beak (see rostrum n.) + -ālis -al suffix¹. Compare scientific Latin rostralis (1758 in zoology as a specific name). Compare rostrate adj.With rostral column (see sense A. 2) compare classical Latin columna rostrāta (see rostrate adj.).

A. adj.

†1. Anatomy. Designating either of two beak-like bony processes, the coracoid process of the scapula and the olecranon process of the ulna. Obsolete. rare.In quot. c1475 perhaps a noun use.

ΚΠ

a1400 tr. Lanfranc Sci. Cirurgie (Ashm.) (1894) 156 (MED) Þat þe schuldre myȝte be þe more strengere..þer ben sett ij smale boonys, þe whiche ben clepid rostralia [v.r. rostralis] to þe lijknes of þe bele of a crowe; & for to fastne þe schuldre, þis boon rostral [v.r. bon rostrale] is putt in maner of a wegge.

c1475 ( Surg. Treat. in MS Wellcome 564 f. 46 (MED) In þe ioynctis of þe elbowe..þere is alitil additament þat is callid Rostrale, for it is lijk vn to a rauenes bile.

2. Esp. of commemorative columns, pillars, etc.: decorated with representations of the beakheads esp. of classical Greek or Roman warships. Also in extended use. Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > architecture > column > [adjective] > specific type

rostral1686

rostrated1796

lotiform1841

palmiform1916

1686 T. Otway tr. S. de Broë Hist. Triumvirates II. 583 He [sc. Caesar] gave all the honour of it to Agrippa, whom he honoured with a blew Standard and a rostral Crown.

1721 J. Dart Westminster-Abbey 51 Rostral Columns..Inscrib'd the equal Praise of those to tell, Who bravely conquer'd, or as bravely fell.

1734 tr. C. Rollin Anc. Hist. I. 199 A rostral pillar was erected in his honour.

c1800 E. C. Knight Autobiogr. I. 118 At the extremity of the saloon..was a rostral column, on which were inscribed the names of the heroes of the Nile.

1860 J. L. Motley Hist. Netherlands (1868) I. v. 258 The Genoese merchants had erected two rostral columns.

1883 Cent. Mag. Nov. 78/2 Its fountains, obelisk, allegorical statues of chief French cities, rostral and other lamp-posts.

1926 Contemp. Rev. May 637 The rostral columns of the ‘Quinconces’ lead up the eye to heaven.

2008 B. Thor Last Patriot lxv. 246 Its central feature was a tall ‘rostral column’ identical to the one used in Rome's Colosseum.

3. Zoology. Of, relating to, or situated in or on the rostrum or beak (rostrum n. 5).

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > animal body > general parts > head and neck > [adjective] > having a snout > of the beak

rostral1812

adrostral1876

1812 G. Shaw Gen. Zool. VIII. i. 11 The casque or rostral appendix [sc. of a pied hornbill] is flat on its hind part.

1854 Orr's Circle Sci.: Org. Nature I. 271 The compressed rostral teeth of the saw-fish are deeply implanted in sockets.

1880 A. Günther Introd. Study of Fishes 335 The rostral cartilage is produced into an exceedingly long, flat lamina.

1923 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) B. 211 217 The rostral cartilage, a cartilage of nasal (mesethmoidal) origin.

1961 J. Stubblefield Davies's Introd. Palaeontol. (ed. 3) v. 129 On the ventral surface a transverse rostral suture unites the right and left facial sutures.

2004 Copeia No. 4. 833/1 Nares laterally oriented, with moderately protuberant anterior edges, forming right triangle with rostral protuberance at tip of snout.

4. Anatomy and Zoology. Designating the end or aspect of the body that contains the nose and mouth; located at or nearer to this end or aspect. Opposed to caudal adj.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > positions or directions in body > [adjective] > specific

rightOE

lefta1200

lowera1400

furtherc1400

lateral?a1425

sinistera1500

upper1528

anterior?1541

inferior1563

superior1566

oblique1578

high1588

ascendant1611

prone1646

peripherial1653

internal1657

supine1661

peripherical1690

gawk1703

ascending1713

adducent1722

submental1722

adductory1752

subdorsal1783

syntropic18..

atlantal1803

mesiad1803

mesial1803

proximal1803

sternal1803

distal1808

peripheral1808

peripheric1818

ventripetal1819

submedial1825

anteriormostc1826

subvertebral1827

afferent1828

sinistral1828

rostral1834

interganglionic1835

submedian1836

mesian1837

haemal1839

supravaginal1844

neural1846

symmetrical1851

suprameatal1853

paraxial1861

posterial1866

hypaxial1873

postaxial1873

preaxial1873

transmedial1876

transmedian1876

mediad1878

horizontal1881

mesal1881

prosomatic1882

dextrad1883

paramedian1890

prorsal1890

ventro-dorsal1895

midsagittal1898

ventro-axial1902

ventro-posterior1903

ipsilateral1907

parasagittal1907

ventromedial1908

homolateral1910

suprasellar1912

supratemporal1975

1834 Rep. Brit. Assoc. Advancem. Sci. 1833 438 Sternum: Breadth of the rostral portion.

1866 R. Owen On Anat. Vertebr. II. 433 The facial or rostral part of the skull, anterior to the orbits, is short.

1894 Amer. Naturalist 28 375 Among Ascidia..there is perhaps a rostral extremity, but there is no caudal extremity in adults.

1953 Brit. Jrnl. Psychol. 44 184 The procedures employed were..transorbital leucotomy and thermocoagulation of the cerebral cortex in the rostral portion of the frontal lobes.

1969 Jrnl. Compar. Neurol. 121 124/2 Stimulation of the skin of the head and of the rostral half of the belly elicited reflex movements of the ipsilateral forelimb.

1975 E. Gardner et al. Anat. (ed. 4) i. 5/2 Rostral means nearer the ‘front end’, which is taken to be the hypophysial area in the early embryo and the region of the nose and mouth in post-embryonic life.

2002 S. J. Gould Struct. Evolutionary Theory x. 1092 The distinctive features of the vertebrate skull and forebrain seem to arise, in large part, under the formative influence of the distinctive neural crest..and not as a complex fusion..of a definable number of rostral vertebrae.

B. n.

†(a) Anatomy = rostral bone n. (a) at Compounds. Obsolete. rare. (b) Zoology and Palaeontology = rostral bone n. (b) at Compounds.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > bony support for limbs > shoulder-girdle > [noun] > shoulder bone > coracoid process

rostral bonea1400

rostral?a1425

rostrate bonec1475

coracoid process1741

coracoid1828

?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (Hunterian) f. 52^v (MED) Þe bone þat is cleped os ffurcale..bindeþ and festeneþ þo two additamentes þat ben cleped rostrales [L. duas addiciones rostrales], þe whiche ben liche to a crowe bille.

?1541 R. Copland Guy de Chauliac's Questyonary Cyrurgyens ii. sig. Gj [One branch] byndeth & closeth these two addycyons called Rostralles.

1907 Monogr. U.S. Geol. Surv. XLIX. 33 Morphologically the nasal horn cores may be considered as dermal or epidermal ossifications similar to the epijugals, epoccipitals, the rostral, and the predentary.

1933 Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc. 23 93 In the oldest actinopteran fishes the rostral system..was less elaborate than that of the crossopterygian Dictyonosteus but still included one pair of rostrals immediately above the premaxillæ.

2005 Jrnl. Vertebr. Paleontol. 25 484/1 In M[acropoma] lewesiensis, the snout is developed as a characteristically ossified hemisphere (formed by the fusion of two premaxillae and two rostrals).

2007 L. M. Chiappe Glorified Dinosaurs i. 11/1 All ceratopsians are united by the presence of a wedge-like bone called a rostral that covers the tip of the snout.

Compounds

rostral bone n. †(a) Anatomy the coracoid process (see sense A. 1) (obsolete rare); (b) Zoology and Palaeontology a bone forming part of the rostrum or snout of various vertebrates; spec. a bone located in front of the premaxillary bones in a ceratopsian dinosaur, forming the upper part of a parrot-like beak.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > bony support for limbs > shoulder-girdle > [noun] > shoulder bone > coracoid process

rostral bonea1400

rostral?a1425

rostrate bonec1475

coracoid process1741

coracoid1828

a1400Boon rostral [see sense A. 1].

1866 R. Owen On Anat. Vertebr. II. 344 In the Perameles lagotis the bony case of the nasal passage is further increased by the presence of two small rostral bones, resulting, as in the Hog, from ossification of the nasal cartilage.

1889 O. C. Marsh in Amer. Jrnl. Sci. 38 503 In front of the premaxillaries, there is a large massive bone, not before seen in any vertebrate, which has been called by the writer, the rostral bone (os rostrale).

1930 Copeia No. 4 129 The illicium of the Aceratiidae has not become lost, however, but modified into an internal rostral bone of a pincher-like structure.

2001 Evolution 55 1432/2 Examples include..the predentary bone of ornithischian and rostral bone of ceratopsian dinosaurs.

rostral crown n. Ancient History a golden crown decorated with representations of ships' beakheads, awarded to the person who first boarded an enemy's ship.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military organization > insignia > [noun] > decorations or orders > crowns and wreaths

naval crown?a1439

civil crowna1522

civic garland1542

obsidional crown1546

oval1614

civic crown1649

olive crown1679

crown-mure1682

rostral crown1686

stephane1847

1686Rostral Crown [see sense A. 2].

1709 J. Addison Tatler No. 161. ⁋7 The Other wore a rostral Crown upon her Head.

1846 J. Y. Akerman Anc. Coins 147 Youthful heads of Octavianus and Agrippa, back to back; the first bare, the other with the rostral crown.

1991 Jrnl. Hist. of Collections 3 173/2 Fulvio had already focused on the coin type of Agrippa—an aureus showing the leader with his mural and rostral crown.

Derivatives

ˈrostrally adv. towards or at the rostral end or aspect; cf. rostrad adv.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > positions or directions in body > [adverb] > specific

upwardsc1400

posteriorly1598

centrad1803

dextrad1803

distad1803

peripherad1803

proximad1803

sinistrad1803

atlantad1825

rostrad1831

mesially1849

ventrad1849

peripherally1852

posterolaterally1857

rostrally1863

distally1870

medianly1870

ventrally1870

postaxially1873

preaxially1873

posteroventrally1877

proximally1878

mesad1881

lateralwards1882

ventralwards1883

preaxiad1888

mesally1890

anteriad1891

haemad1891

postaxiad1892

lateralward1895

sagittally1895

ventral1899

posteriad1902

ipsilaterally1950

midsagittally1960

ventromedially1960

1863 Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 1862 405 On the dorsal side a median impression with two fainter ones on the right, and two on the left—the median terminating rostrally upon a small pyramidal process.

1936 Jrnl. Anat. 70 208 Sagittal serial sections show that rostrally it runs into continuity with the medial preoptic nucleus.

1990 P. Dodson in K. Carpenter & P. J. Currie Dinosaur Systematics (1992) xvii. 234 Finally Brown erected a new species with a rostrally-curving nasal horn.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	rostral
释义	rostraladj.n. Brit. /ˈrɒstr(ə)l/, U.S. /ˈrɔstr(ə)l/, /ˈrɑstr(ə)l/ Forms: Middle English rostrale, Middle English 1600s– rostral, 1500s rostralle. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French rostral; Latin rostralis. Etymology: < Middle French, French rostral beak-shaped (1363), decorated with representations of the beakheads of warships (1663 in colonne rostrale ) and its etymon post-classical Latin rostralis set up on the rostra (5th cent.), designating either of two beak-like bony processes (14th cent.), decorated with representations of the beakheads especially of Greek or Roman warships (1670 in corona rostralis rostral crown) < classical Latin rostrum beak (see rostrum n.) + -ālis -al suffix¹. Compare scientific Latin rostralis (1758 in zoology as a specific name). Compare rostrate adj.With rostral column (see sense A. 2) compare classical Latin columna rostrāta (see rostrate adj.). A. adj. †1. Anatomy. Designating either of two beak-like bony processes, the coracoid process of the scapula and the olecranon process of the ulna. Obsolete. rare.In quot. c1475 perhaps a noun use. ΚΠ a1400 tr. Lanfranc Sci. Cirurgie (Ashm.) (1894) 156 (MED) Þat þe schuldre myȝte be þe more strengere..þer ben sett ij smale boonys, þe whiche ben clepid rostralia [v.r. rostralis] to þe lijknes of þe bele of a crowe; & for to fastne þe schuldre, þis boon rostral [v.r. bon rostrale] is putt in maner of a wegge. c1475 ( Surg. Treat. in MS Wellcome 564 f. 46 (MED) In þe ioynctis of þe elbowe..þere is alitil additament þat is callid Rostrale, for it is lijk vn to a rauenes bile. 2. Esp. of commemorative columns, pillars, etc.: decorated with representations of the beakheads esp. of classical Greek or Roman warships. Also in extended use. Now historical. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > architecture > column > [adjective] > specific type rostral1686 rostrated1796 lotiform1841 palmiform1916 1686 T. Otway tr. S. de Broë Hist. Triumvirates II. 583 He [sc. Caesar] gave all the honour of it to Agrippa, whom he honoured with a blew Standard and a rostral Crown. 1721 J. Dart Westminster-Abbey 51 Rostral Columns..Inscrib'd the equal Praise of those to tell, Who bravely conquer'd, or as bravely fell. 1734 tr. C. Rollin Anc. Hist. I. 199 A rostral pillar was erected in his honour. c1800 E. C. Knight Autobiogr. I. 118 At the extremity of the saloon..was a rostral column, on which were inscribed the names of the heroes of the Nile. 1860 J. L. Motley Hist. Netherlands (1868) I. v. 258 The Genoese merchants had erected two rostral columns. 1883 Cent. Mag. Nov. 78/2 Its fountains, obelisk, allegorical statues of chief French cities, rostral and other lamp-posts. 1926 Contemp. Rev. May 637 The rostral columns of the ‘Quinconces’ lead up the eye to heaven. 2008 B. Thor Last Patriot lxv. 246 Its central feature was a tall ‘rostral column’ identical to the one used in Rome's Colosseum. 3. Zoology. Of, relating to, or situated in or on the rostrum or beak (rostrum n. 5). ΘΚΠ the world > animals > animal body > general parts > head and neck > [adjective] > having a snout > of the beak rostral1812 adrostral1876 1812 G. Shaw Gen. Zool. VIII. i. 11 The casque or rostral appendix [sc. of a pied hornbill] is flat on its hind part. 1854 Orr's Circle Sci.: Org. Nature I. 271 The compressed rostral teeth of the saw-fish are deeply implanted in sockets. 1880 A. Günther Introd. Study of Fishes 335 The rostral cartilage is produced into an exceedingly long, flat lamina. 1923 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) B. 211 217 The rostral cartilage, a cartilage of nasal (mesethmoidal) origin. 1961 J. Stubblefield Davies's Introd. Palaeontol. (ed. 3) v. 129 On the ventral surface a transverse rostral suture unites the right and left facial sutures. 2004 Copeia No. 4. 833/1 Nares laterally oriented, with moderately protuberant anterior edges, forming right triangle with rostral protuberance at tip of snout. 4. Anatomy and Zoology. Designating the end or aspect of the body that contains the nose and mouth; located at or nearer to this end or aspect. Opposed to caudal adj. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > positions or directions in body > [adjective] > specific rightOE lefta1200 lowera1400 furtherc1400 lateral?a1425 sinistera1500 upper1528 anterior?1541 inferior1563 superior1566 oblique1578 high1588 ascendant1611 prone1646 peripherial1653 internal1657 supine1661 peripherical1690 gawk1703 ascending1713 adducent1722 submental1722 adductory1752 subdorsal1783 syntropic18.. atlantal1803 mesiad1803 mesial1803 proximal1803 sternal1803 distal1808 peripheral1808 peripheric1818 ventripetal1819 submedial1825 anteriormostc1826 subvertebral1827 afferent1828 sinistral1828 rostral1834 interganglionic1835 submedian1836 mesian1837 haemal1839 supravaginal1844 neural1846 symmetrical1851 suprameatal1853 paraxial1861 posterial1866 hypaxial1873 postaxial1873 preaxial1873 transmedial1876 transmedian1876 mediad1878 horizontal1881 mesal1881 prosomatic1882 dextrad1883 paramedian1890 prorsal1890 ventro-dorsal1895 midsagittal1898 ventro-axial1902 ventro-posterior1903 ipsilateral1907 parasagittal1907 ventromedial1908 homolateral1910 suprasellar1912 supratemporal1975 1834 Rep. Brit. Assoc. Advancem. Sci. 1833 438 Sternum: Breadth of the rostral portion. 1866 R. Owen On Anat. Vertebr. II. 433 The facial or rostral part of the skull, anterior to the orbits, is short. 1894 Amer. Naturalist 28 375 Among Ascidia..there is perhaps a rostral extremity, but there is no caudal extremity in adults. 1953 Brit. Jrnl. Psychol. 44 184 The procedures employed were..transorbital leucotomy and thermocoagulation of the cerebral cortex in the rostral portion of the frontal lobes. 1969 Jrnl. Compar. Neurol. 121 124/2 Stimulation of the skin of the head and of the rostral half of the belly elicited reflex movements of the ipsilateral forelimb. 1975 E. Gardner et al. Anat. (ed. 4) i. 5/2 Rostral means nearer the ‘front end’, which is taken to be the hypophysial area in the early embryo and the region of the nose and mouth in post-embryonic life. 2002 S. J. Gould Struct. Evolutionary Theory x. 1092 The distinctive features of the vertebrate skull and forebrain seem to arise, in large part, under the formative influence of the distinctive neural crest..and not as a complex fusion..of a definable number of rostral vertebrae. B. n. †(a) Anatomy = rostral bone n. (a) at Compounds. Obsolete. rare. (b) Zoology and Palaeontology = rostral bone n. (b) at Compounds. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > bony support for limbs > shoulder-girdle > [noun] > shoulder bone > coracoid process rostral bonea1400 rostral?a1425 rostrate bonec1475 coracoid process1741 coracoid1828 ?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (Hunterian) f. 52^v (MED) Þe bone þat is cleped os ffurcale..bindeþ and festeneþ þo two additamentes þat ben cleped rostrales [L. duas addiciones rostrales], þe whiche ben liche to a crowe bille. ?1541 R. Copland Guy de Chauliac's Questyonary Cyrurgyens ii. sig. Gj [One branch] byndeth & closeth these two addycyons called Rostralles. 1907 Monogr. U.S. Geol. Surv. XLIX. 33 Morphologically the nasal horn cores may be considered as dermal or epidermal ossifications similar to the epijugals, epoccipitals, the rostral, and the predentary. 1933 Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc. 23 93 In the oldest actinopteran fishes the rostral system..was less elaborate than that of the crossopterygian Dictyonosteus but still included one pair of rostrals immediately above the premaxillæ. 2005 Jrnl. Vertebr. Paleontol. 25 484/1 In M[acropoma] lewesiensis, the snout is developed as a characteristically ossified hemisphere (formed by the fusion of two premaxillae and two rostrals). 2007 L. M. Chiappe Glorified Dinosaurs i. 11/1 All ceratopsians are united by the presence of a wedge-like bone called a rostral that covers the tip of the snout. Compounds rostral bone n. †(a) Anatomy the coracoid process (see sense A. 1) (obsolete rare); (b) Zoology and Palaeontology a bone forming part of the rostrum or snout of various vertebrates; spec. a bone located in front of the premaxillary bones in a ceratopsian dinosaur, forming the upper part of a parrot-like beak. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > bony support for limbs > shoulder-girdle > [noun] > shoulder bone > coracoid process rostral bonea1400 rostral?a1425 rostrate bonec1475 coracoid process1741 coracoid1828 a1400Boon rostral [see sense A. 1]. 1866 R. Owen On Anat. Vertebr. II. 344 In the Perameles lagotis the bony case of the nasal passage is further increased by the presence of two small rostral bones, resulting, as in the Hog, from ossification of the nasal cartilage. 1889 O. C. Marsh in Amer. Jrnl. Sci. 38 503 In front of the premaxillaries, there is a large massive bone, not before seen in any vertebrate, which has been called by the writer, the rostral bone (os rostrale). 1930 Copeia No. 4 129 The illicium of the Aceratiidae has not become lost, however, but modified into an internal rostral bone of a pincher-like structure. 2001 Evolution 55 1432/2 Examples include..the predentary bone of ornithischian and rostral bone of ceratopsian dinosaurs. rostral crown n. Ancient History a golden crown decorated with representations of ships' beakheads, awarded to the person who first boarded an enemy's ship. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military organization > insignia > [noun] > decorations or orders > crowns and wreaths naval crown?a1439 civil crowna1522 civic garland1542 obsidional crown1546 oval1614 civic crown1649 olive crown1679 crown-mure1682 rostral crown1686 stephane1847 1686Rostral Crown [see sense A. 2]. 1709 J. Addison Tatler No. 161. ⁋7 The Other wore a rostral Crown upon her Head. 1846 J. Y. Akerman Anc. Coins 147 Youthful heads of Octavianus and Agrippa, back to back; the first bare, the other with the rostral crown. 1991 Jrnl. Hist. of Collections 3 173/2 Fulvio had already focused on the coin type of Agrippa—an aureus showing the leader with his mural and rostral crown. Derivatives ˈrostrally adv. towards or at the rostral end or aspect; cf. rostrad adv. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > positions or directions in body > [adverb] > specific upwardsc1400 posteriorly1598 centrad1803 dextrad1803 distad1803 peripherad1803 proximad1803 sinistrad1803 atlantad1825 rostrad1831 mesially1849 ventrad1849 peripherally1852 posterolaterally1857 rostrally1863 distally1870 medianly1870 ventrally1870 postaxially1873 preaxially1873 posteroventrally1877 proximally1878 mesad1881 lateralwards1882 ventralwards1883 preaxiad1888 mesally1890 anteriad1891 haemad1891 postaxiad1892 lateralward1895 sagittally1895 ventral1899 posteriad1902 ipsilaterally1950 midsagittally1960 ventromedially1960 1863 Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 1862 405 On the dorsal side a median impression with two fainter ones on the right, and two on the left—the median terminating rostrally upon a small pyramidal process. 1936 Jrnl. Anat. 70 208 Sagittal serial sections show that rostrally it runs into continuity with the medial preoptic nucleus. 1990 P. Dodson in K. Carpenter & P. J. Currie Dinosaur Systematics (1992) xvii. 234 Finally Brown erected a new species with a rostrally-curving nasal horn. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.n.a1400
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