roosen.

Brit.

/ruːs/, U.S.

/rus/, Scottish English

/rus/

Forms:

α. Middle English roos, Middle English ros, Middle English rose, Middle English rosse, Middle English roys, Middle English royse.

β. Middle English (1800s Scottish) rouse, Middle English rowse, Middle English–1500s (1800s English regional (northern)) rous, 1600s rowze.

γ. Middle English ruse (northern); Scottish pre-1700 reuse, pre-1700 ruce, pre-1700 ruis, pre-1700 ruiss, pre-1700 ruisse, pre-1700 rus, pre-1700 russ, pre-1700 ruys, pre-1700 rwise, pre-1700 1700s–1800s ruse, 1900s– reeze (north-eastern), 1900s– ruice.

δ. 1800s roose (English regional (northern)); Scottish 1700s– roose, 1800s roos.

Origin: A borrowing from early Scandinavian.

Etymology: < early Scandinavian (compare Icelandic hrós praise, Faroese rós praise, Norwegian ros praise, Old Swedish ros praise, boasting (Swedish ros praise), Danish ros praise) < the same Scandinavian base as Old Icelandic hrósa roose v. Compare roose v. and roosing n.

†1. Boasting, bragging; an instance of this, a boast, brag, vaunt. Chiefly with make. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > pride > boasting or boastfulness > [noun] > a boast

roosec1175

avauntc1380

advancement?a1400

vauntise1477

vousta1500

puff1567

rodomontade1591

flourish1592

rodomontado1598

vauntc1600

vauntery1603

vapour1631

fanfaronade1652

gasconado1658

blow1684

gab1737

vaunting1793

windy1933

line-shoot1941

α.

c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 4910 All idell ȝellp. & idell ros. Þu cwennkesst i þe sellfenn.

c1330 Horn Child l. 239 in J. Hall King Horn (1901) 182 (MED) Þarf hem noiþer niȝt no day Make her ros þai wan þe pray.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 11948 (MED) Nu þat i do, þou it for-dos, And þar-of sal þou mak na ros.

a1425 (?c1375) N. Homily Legendary (Harl.) in C. Horstmann Altengl. Legenden (1881) 2nd Ser. 66 (MED) Simon..Made his rose þat he might rays Ded men and gif life þam to.

1486 Bk. St. Albans e vj b The master to his man makyth his Roys That he knowith be kynde what the hert doys Att huntyng.

a1500 (?c1400) Song of Roland (1880) l. 650 Shall none of you mak your rose or ye go furþre.

β. a1400 (c1303) R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne (Harl.) 5158 (MED) Ne be nat proude þogh þou weyl dous, yn þyn herte to make a rous [glossed boste].c1460 (?c1400) Tale of Beryn 3610 (MED) Beryn & his feleshipp..speken of hir answer & made but litill rouse.c1500 ( G. Ashby Prisoner's Refl. l. 309 in Poems (1899) 11 (MED) Goo forth, lytyll boke, mekely, without rous, To folk troubelyd..Steryng theym by thy counseil vertuous To kepe pacience.c1650 Sir Lambewell 304 in Percy's Folio MS (1867) I. 154 Shee warned me be-forne, of all things that I did vse, of her I shold neuer make my rowze.γ. c1400 Metrical Paraphr. Rolle's Form of Living l. 497 in C. Horstmann Yorkshire Writers (1896) II. 288 (MED) And noght bigin so highe thurgh ruse and cum dounward, als sum men dose.1508 Golagros & Gawane (Chepman & Myllar) sig. aii^*v Bot thow mend hym that mys..Thow sall rew in thi ruse.a1522 G. Douglas in tr. Virgil Æneid (1959) viii. Prol. l. 50 Sum makkis a tvme ruys [1553 ruse].1535 W. Stewart tr. H. Boece Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) 5172 Ȝe mak ruis far mair nor ȝe haif caus.a1572 J. Knox Hist. Reformation Scotl. in Wks. (1846) I. i. 242 What thei receaved we can nott tell; but few maid ruse at thare returnyng.1596 J. Dalrymple tr. J. Leslie Hist. Scotl. (1895) II. 242 Johne Moydert..maid meikle ruse that he him selfe was the cheif of Makdonelis kynd.a1628 J. Carmichaell Coll. Prov. in Scots (1957) No. 1159 Man of thy manhede mak thow na ruse.1808 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. To mak a tume ruse, to boast where there is no ground for it, but the reverse.δ. 1718 A. Ramsay Christ's-kirk on Green iii. 24 Wha wins syn may make Roose, Between you twa.1776 Maggie's Tocher in D. Herd Anc. & Mod. Sc. Songs II. 78 We'll mak nae mair toom roose.

2. Now Scottish. Praise; esp. exaggerated praise or commendation, flattery. Frequently with make.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > approval or sanction > commendation or praise > [noun]

lofeOE

heryingc897

lovingeOE

hereworda1100

pricec1225

laudc1384

magnifyingc1384

allowancec1390

loange1390

lof-wordc1390

roosec1390

commendation1393

commendinga1400

presa1400

commendmentc1400

praisea1425

roosinga1425

lauding1489

lovage1489

laudationa1500

magnificationa1500

predication1528

extolling1558

advancement1564

celebrating1573

plauda1593

applause1600

extolment1604

panegyric1613

collaudation1623

commendatinga1625

say-well1629

renown1631

euge1658

extollation1661

eulogy1725

acclaim1759

eulogism1761

encomium1785

eulogium1803

commemoration1823

glorification1850

laudification1890

bualadh bos1908

kudos to ——1936

c1390 in F. J. Furnivall Minor Poems Vernon MS (1901) ii. 505 (MED) Such þing as þou seyst and doos, Þi Neiȝebor wol þerof make Roos.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 13896 Quen he his aun roos [Trin. Cambr. preysing] has sought, In his muth sothfast es noght.

a1425 (?c1375) N. Homily Legendary (Harl.) in C. Horstmann Altengl. Legenden (1881) 2nd Ser. 12 (MED) He prayd god..þat gude wele forto spend, Noght for no ruse of erthli thing, Bot allone vnto goddes louyng.

a1450 Castle Perseverance (1969) l. 1065 Þerfore do as no man dos..And of þiself make gret ros.

c1480 (a1400) St. Agnes 114 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) II. 349 Þe prefet begane to spere..quhat man it wes..þat agnes þe ruse of mad.

a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1897–1973) 4 Primus angelus malus...thou semys well to sytt on hight..Primus bonus angelus. I rede ye leyfe that vanys royse.

1508 Golagros & Gawane (Chepman & Myllar) sig. dii^* All erdly riches and ruse is noght in thair garde.

1535 W. Stewart tr. H. Boece Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) 57700 I heir ȝow produce Sic..vant of manlines and ruce Of ȝour natioun so worthelie hes previt..And litill rus ȝe mak of ws agane.

a1600 J. Melvill Autobiogr. & Diary (1842) 264 Jan Gomes..maid grait rus of Scotland to his king.

1631 in W. Fraser Red Bk. Menteith (1880) II. 136 It may be he sal not mak greit ruse of it quhen he hes gotten it.

1715 A. Pennecuik Curious Coll. Scotish Poems in Geogr., Hist. Descr. Tweeddale App. 97 When I sell I will make ruiss, Of that whilk is not worth a plack.

1821 J. Galt Ayrshire Legatees viii. 243 ‘Rachel had ay a gude roose of hersel',’ said Becky Glibbans.

1894 T. D. English Select Poems 438 When threescore years hae bleared yer ee, Ye'se tak' all roose yer frien's'll gie.

1900 S. R. Crockett Stickit Minister's Wooing 140 Making a roose of my wife, and sticking at nothing to hide the shame of my house.

1959 People's Jrnl. (Aberdeen) 19 Sept. A bittie pigeon breistet kin' wi' sae muckle reeze.

a1978 A. S. Borrowman Buik o Ruth & Ither Wark in Lallans (1979) 35 Yer warld is fashit wi its skaith O blastit greed and toom roose baith.

1995 A. Fenton Craiters iii. 89 I've kent lads e same at hame, an ey got great reeze for bein ‘gran wirkers’.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

roosev.

Brit.

/ruːz/, U.S.

/ruz/, Scottish English

/ruz/

Forms:

α. Middle English ros, Middle English roys, Middle English royse, Middle English (1800s– English regional (Lincolnshire)) rose; Scottish 1800s ross (irregular).

β. late Middle English reses (2nd singular present indicative, perhaps transmission error), late Middle English ruys, late Middle English ruysse, late Middle English (1900s– Newfoundland) ruse; English regional (northern) 1600s reouse, 1600s reuze, 1600s–1800s ruze, 1800s– reus (Cumberland); Scottish pre-1700 reus, pre-1700 ruis, pre-1700 rus, pre-1700 russ, pre-1700 ruys, pre-1700 rvse, pre-1700 rws, pre-1700 1700s–1800s ruse, pre-1700 1800s– ruise, pre-1700 (1900s– Orkney) reuse, 1700s rease, 1700s–1800s reese, 1700s 1900s– reeze (north-eastern), 1800s röse (Shetland), 1800s ruiss, 1800s ruist (past participle), 1800s ruz (Shetland), 1800s– ruize, 1900s– reise (northern), 1900s– röze (Shetland), 1900s– rüse (Shetland), 1900s– ruze.

γ. late Middle English–1500s rowse, 1500s–1600s rouse; Scottish pre-1700 1700s rouze, 1700s–1800s rouse, 1800s rowse.

δ. English regional (northern) 1700s rooyse (Yorkshire), 1800s roois (Yorkshire), 1800s rooze, 1800s– roose, 1900s– rooize (Yorkshire); Scottish pre-1700 1700s– roose, 1800s– rooze.

Origin: A borrowing from early Scandinavian.

Etymology: < early Scandinavian (compare Old Icelandic hrósa to praise, to boast, Faroese rósa to praise, Norwegian rose to praise, Old Swedish rosa to praise, to boast (Swedish rosa ), Danish rose to praise) < the Scandinavian base of Old Icelandic hróðr praise (see Roger n.²) + the Scandinavian base of Old Icelandic -sa , suffix forming verbs from adjectives and nouns (see discussion at cleanse v.). Compare roose n.

Now Scottish and English regional (northern).

†1. intransitive. To boast or be proud of something. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > pride > boasting or boastfulness > utter boastfully [verb (transitive)] > boast of

roosec1175

avauntc1315

beyelpc1330

boastc1380

blazona1533

brag1588

ruff1602

crack1653

vapour1654

value1670

vauntc1696

gasconade1714

voust1794

to write home about1868

sing1897

c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 4906 Þatt iss hæfedd sinne..To rosenn off þin haȝherrleȝȝc & leȝhenn off þe sellfenn.

1572 (a1500) Taill of Rauf Coilȝear (1882) 483 Of that Ryall array that Rolland in raid, Rauf rusit in his hart of that Ryall thing.

†2. transitive (reflexive). To boast oneself; to vaunt. With of, that-clause, or infinitive. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > pride > vainglory > be vainglorious or behave vaingloriously [verb (reflexive)]

beyelpc1330

avaunt1340

glorify1340

yelp1340

boasta1400

brawl?a1400

roosea1400

vaunta1400

advance1483

brag1548

vainglorya1637

braggadociea1688

wind1827

α.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 28102 (MED) Ic ha me rosed in my mode..O dedes þat i ded noght.

c1440 in C. Horstmann Yorkshire Writers (1895) I. 319 (MED) Bot for he roysed hyme of his dedis, he losed all þat he dide.

a1500 (c1340) R. Rolle Psalter (Univ. Oxf. 64) (1884) xxxi. §3. 112 I cried all the day, rosand me of rightwisnes.

β. a1425 (c1300) SS. Peter & Paul (Ashm.) l. 152 in C. Horstmann Altengl. Legenden (1881) 2nd Ser. 78 Symon Magus..rufid [prob. read rusid] him þan þat he might raise Dede men to lyue.a1450 (?1348) R. Rolle Form of Living (Cambr.) in Eng. Writings (1931) 117/25 (MED) Connyng es þat makes a man in gude hope, noght rusand [v.r. ruysand] hym of his rightwisnes, but sorowand of his syn.c1450 (?a1400) Sege Melayne (1880) 956 (MED) He sall noghte ruysse hym of this dede.a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1897–1973) 273 (MED) He has hym rused of great prophes, That he shuld make vs tempylles..within thre dayes.?1507 W. Dunbar Tua Mariit Wemen (Rouen) in Poems (1998) I. 46 He..makes repet with ryatus wordis, Ay rvsing him of his radis.1533 J. Gau tr. C. Pedersen Richt Vay 75 Mony spekis mekil and rwsis thayme of faith.?a1600 ( R. Sempill Legend Bischop St. Androis in J. Cranstoun Satirical Poems Reformation (1891) I. xlv. 373 But he may ruse him of his ryding.1644 R. Baillie Lett. & Jrnls. (1841) II. 191 The Independents..shall not ruise themselfe in the end of their oppositions.a1658 J. Durham Great Corruption Subtile Self (1723) 79 It hath no reward following but such as they will ruse themselves little of.γ. a1450 York Plays (1885) 264 (MED) Sir, oure stiffe tempill..And it were doune to þe erth..This rebalde, he rowses hym it rathely to rayse.δ. ?1645 in J. Row Hist. Kirk Scotl. (1842) 476 Alledging that honest ministers that went to the Bishop roosed themselves little of it.

a. transitive. To praise, extol, commend, flatter. Also reflexive.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > approval or sanction > commendation or praise > commend or praise [verb (transitive)]

heryc735

mickleeOE

loveOE

praise?c1225

upraisea1300

alosec1300

commenda1340

allow1340

laud1377

lose1377

avauntc1380

magnifya1382

enhancea1400

roosea1400

recommendc1400

recommanda1413

to bear up?a1425

exalt1430

to say well (also evil, ill, etc.) of (also by)1445

laudifyc1470

gloryc1475

advance1483

to bear out1485

prizec1485

to be or to have in laudationa1500

joya1500

extol1509

collaud1512

concend?1521

solemnize?1521

celebrate1522

stellify1523

to set up1535

well-word1547

predicate1552

glorify1557

to set forth1565

admire1566

to be up with1592

voice1594

magnificate1598

plaud1598

concelebrate1599

encomionize1599

to con laud1602

applauda1616

panegyrize1617

acclamate1624

to set offa1625

acclaim1626

raise1645

complement1649

encomiate1651

voguec1661

phrase1675

to set out1688

Alexander1700

talk1723

panegyricize1777

bemouth1799

eulogizea1810

rhapsodize1819

crack up1829

rhapsody1847

α.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 2417 Sua þai rosed [Gött. praised] hir to þe king þat he þam did befor him bring.

?a1425 St. Thomas (Cambr. Add. 3039) l. 78 in M. Görlach E. Midl. Rev. S.-Eng. Legendary (1976) 80 (MED) A woman of Ebru..rosed ilk man als þai sat, als sho ȝode þaim amange.

c1450 (?a1400) Wars Alexander (Ashm.) 4313 (MED) Riches ne no rede gold rose we þam nouthire.

a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1897–1973) 12 (MED) What gifys god the to rose hym so?

a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1897–1973) 107 Here is..the leg of a goys, with chekyns endorde, pork, partryk, to roys.

1877 E. Peacock Gloss. Words Manley & Corringham, Lincs. Rose, to praise, to flatter.

β. a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1897–1973) 229 (MED) For if other men ruse hym, we shall accuse hym.a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1957) i. ix. l. 84 This ilk Tewcer hys ennemys of Troy Rusyt and lovit.1568 A. Scott Poems (1896) iii. 21 Reuse nocht ȝour self, latt vþiris preiss ȝour rentis.1570 in J. Cranstoun Satirical Poems Reformation (1891) I. xii. 132 Be my saule, my self culd neuer ruse ȝow.1572 (a1500) Taill of Rauf Coilȝear (1882) 80 Thank me not ouir airlie,..For I haue seruit the ȝit of lytill thing to ruse.1603 Philotus xxxiv. sig. B3 Bot be it gude ȝe do not spair, As royallie to ruse it.1677 W. Nicolson Gloss. Cumbrian Dial. in Trans. Royal Soc. Lit. (1870) 9 316 Ruze, to flatter.1691 J. Ray Coll. Eng. Words (ed. 2) 59 To Reuze, to extol or commend highly.1718 A. Ramsay Christ's-kirk on Green ii. 17 They rus'd him that had Skill.1787 J. Skinner Let. 25 Sept. in C. Rogers Bk. of Robert Burns (1890) II. 219 There's nane that reads them..But reezes Robie.a1800 Young Allan ii, in F. J. Child Eng. & Sc. Pop. Ballads (1892) IV. viii. 378 Some there reasd their hawk, their hawk, And some there reasd their hound.1820 J. Hogg Winter Evening Tales II. 327 She likit a bit praise, and whenever I rused her, she was as happy and as light-hearted as when she was nineteen years auld.1879 J. White Jottings 225 I've rus'd ye for yer head and heart.1932 John o' Groat Jrnl. 4 Nov. He wis reezin' ma twa gran' fat gauties.1948 Press & Jrnl. (Aberdeen) 8 June We jist reez'd auld Dizzy and said Gladstone was a coorse hurb.2019 W. Hershaw in Lallans 94 105 Tapsalteerie [sc. a publishing company] deserve tae be ruised for the fowth o brawsome buiks they hae giftit us.γ. 1549 M. Coverdale et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. II. 1 Cor. ix. f. xxvii^v If such let passe nothing vndone and vnsuffered, and al to be rowsed and commended of the lewde people.a1556 N. Udall Ralph Roister Doister (?1566) i. i. sig. A.iij Prayse and rouse him well, and ye haue his heart wonne.a1736 R. A. Hay Geneal. Sainteclaires (1835) 31 To rouze their roots, and how they sprung, See how antiquity time's triumph sung.1766 A. Nicol Poems Several Subj. 104 I right fickle was and fain To be sae rous'd.1842 R. Clark Rhymes 23 Wi' flattery I'll no rouse thee.δ. ?1635 in D. Dickson Sel. Pract. Writings (1845) (modernized text) 36 As if one brought into a shop of curious..wares, should roose all that he saw.1703 R. Thoresby Yorkshire Words (E.D.S.) Rooyse, to extol.1723 A. Ramsay Fair Assembly ix These modest maids inspire the muse, In flowing strains to shaw Their beauties, which she likes to roose.1786 R. Burns Poems 200 Friends an' folk that wish me well, They sometimes roose me.1786 R. Burns Poems 185 A fleechan, fleth'ran Dedication, To roose you up, an' ca' you guid.1834 A. Smart Rambling Rhymes 162 Let poets in their idle lays Roose up auld Scotland's early days.1865 E. Waugh Lancs. Songs 30 Aw roos't her, poor lass.1900 J. L. Robertson Horace in Homespun 100 Everybody's pleased but me; They've a' some hobby to amuse them, Folk to look on an' frien's to roose them.1901 R. De B. Trotter Galloway Gossip Eighty Years Ago 137 John skime't at Jean, an rooz't her gude looks.

†b. transitive. In various proverbs and sayings. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1578 J. Rolland Seuin Seages 185 Euin as ȝe find the furde sa ruse it.

a1598 D. Fergusson Sc. Prov. (1641) sig. E2^v Ruse the fair day at evin.

a1628 J. Carmichaell Coll. Prov. in Scots (1957) No. 1138 Manie men ruses the fuird as they fand it.

1710 T. Ruddiman in G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneis (new ed.) Gloss. (at cited word) Every body ruses the ford as he finds it.

1721 J. Kelly Compl. Coll. Scotish Prov. 210 If it be ill, it is as ill rused.

1721 J. Kelly Compl. Coll. Scotish Prov. 282 Ruse the fair Day at Night.

1817 W. Scott Rob Roy II. xiv. 311 Let ilka ane roose the ford as they find it.

1872 R. Rainy Three Lects. Church of Scotl. i. 13 The Dean can produce many such sayings if he pleases, they only, in the language of their own proverb, ‘roosed the ford as they found it.’

†4. transitive. To say or speak (something). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > speak, say, or utter [verb (transitive)]

speakc825

queatheOE

forthdoc900

i-seggenc900

sayeOE

speak971

meleOE

quidOE

spella1000

forthbringc1000

givec1175

warpa1225

mootc1225

i-schirea1250

upbringa1250

outsay?c1250

spilec1275

talec1275

wisea1300

crackc1315

nevena1325

cast1330

rehearsec1330

roundc1330

spend1362

carpa1375

sermona1382

to speak outc1384

usea1387

minc1390

pronouncea1393

lancec1400

mellc1400

nurnc1400

slingc1400

tellc1400

wordc1400

yelpc1400

worka1425

utterc1444

outspeakc1449

yielda1450

arecchec1460

roose?a1475

cutc1525

to come forth with1532

bubble1536

prolate1542

report1548

prolocute1570

bespeak1579

wield1581

upbraid1587

up with (also mid) ——1594

name1595

upbrayc1600

discoursea1616

tonguea1616

to bring out1665

voice1665

emit1753

lip1789

to out with1802

pitch1811

go1836

to open one's head1843

vocabulize1861

shoot1915

verbal1920

be1982

?a1475 Ludus Coventriae (1922) 83 He muste here brynge I herde hym Rowse [rhymes spowse, house] In to þe tempyl a spowse to wedde.

?a1475 Ludus Coventriae (1922) 97 Kepe þe clene..and all þin maydenys in þin howse þat evyl langage I here not rowse.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	roose
释义	roosen. Brit. /ruːs/, U.S. /rus/, Scottish English /rus/ Forms: α. Middle English roos, Middle English ros, Middle English rose, Middle English rosse, Middle English roys, Middle English royse. β. Middle English (1800s Scottish) rouse, Middle English rowse, Middle English–1500s (1800s English regional (northern)) rous, 1600s rowze. γ. Middle English ruse (northern); Scottish pre-1700 reuse, pre-1700 ruce, pre-1700 ruis, pre-1700 ruiss, pre-1700 ruisse, pre-1700 rus, pre-1700 russ, pre-1700 ruys, pre-1700 rwise, pre-1700 1700s–1800s ruse, 1900s– reeze (north-eastern), 1900s– ruice. δ. 1800s roose (English regional (northern)); Scottish 1700s– roose, 1800s roos. Origin: A borrowing from early Scandinavian. Etymology: < early Scandinavian (compare Icelandic hrós praise, Faroese rós praise, Norwegian ros praise, Old Swedish ros praise, boasting (Swedish ros praise), Danish ros praise) < the same Scandinavian base as Old Icelandic hrósa roose v. Compare roose v. and roosing n. †1. Boasting, bragging; an instance of this, a boast, brag, vaunt. Chiefly with make. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > pride > boasting or boastfulness > [noun] > a boast roosec1175 avauntc1380 advancement?a1400 vauntise1477 vousta1500 puff1567 rodomontade1591 flourish1592 rodomontado1598 vauntc1600 vauntery1603 vapour1631 fanfaronade1652 gasconado1658 blow1684 gab1737 vaunting1793 windy1933 line-shoot1941 α. c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 4910 All idell ȝellp. & idell ros. Þu cwennkesst i þe sellfenn. c1330 Horn Child l. 239 in J. Hall King Horn (1901) 182 (MED) Þarf hem noiþer niȝt no day Make her ros þai wan þe pray. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 11948 (MED) Nu þat i do, þou it for-dos, And þar-of sal þou mak na ros. a1425 (?c1375) N. Homily Legendary (Harl.) in C. Horstmann Altengl. Legenden (1881) 2nd Ser. 66 (MED) Simon..Made his rose þat he might rays Ded men and gif life þam to. 1486 Bk. St. Albans e vj b The master to his man makyth his Roys That he knowith be kynde what the hert doys Att huntyng. a1500 (?c1400) Song of Roland (1880) l. 650 Shall none of you mak your rose or ye go furþre. β. a1400 (c1303) R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne (Harl.) 5158 (MED) Ne be nat proude þogh þou weyl dous, yn þyn herte to make a rous [glossed boste].c1460 (?c1400) Tale of Beryn 3610 (MED) Beryn & his feleshipp..speken of hir answer & made but litill rouse.c1500 ( G. Ashby Prisoner's Refl. l. 309 in Poems (1899) 11 (MED) Goo forth, lytyll boke, mekely, without rous, To folk troubelyd..Steryng theym by thy counseil vertuous To kepe pacience.c1650 Sir Lambewell 304 in Percy's Folio MS (1867) I. 154 Shee warned me be-forne, of all things that I did vse, of her I shold neuer make my rowze.γ. c1400 Metrical Paraphr. Rolle's Form of Living l. 497 in C. Horstmann Yorkshire Writers (1896) II. 288 (MED) And noght bigin so highe thurgh ruse and cum dounward, als sum men dose.1508 Golagros & Gawane (Chepman & Myllar) sig. aii^v Bot thow mend hym that mys..Thow sall rew in thi ruse.a1522 G. Douglas in tr. Virgil Æneid* (1959) viii. Prol. l. 50 Sum makkis a tvme ruys [1553 ruse].1535 W. Stewart tr. H. Boece Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) 5172 Ȝe mak ruis far mair nor ȝe haif caus.a1572 J. Knox Hist. Reformation Scotl. in Wks. (1846) I. i. 242 What thei receaved we can nott tell; but few maid ruse at thare returnyng.1596 J. Dalrymple tr. J. Leslie Hist. Scotl. (1895) II. 242 Johne Moydert..maid meikle ruse that he him selfe was the cheif of Makdonelis kynd.a1628 J. Carmichaell Coll. Prov. in Scots (1957) No. 1159 Man of thy manhede mak thow na ruse.1808 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. To mak a tume ruse, to boast where there is no ground for it, but the reverse.δ. 1718 A. Ramsay Christ's-kirk on Green iii. 24 Wha wins syn may make Roose, Between you twa.1776 Maggie's Tocher in D. Herd Anc. & Mod. Sc. Songs II. 78 We'll mak nae mair toom roose. 2. Now Scottish. Praise; esp. exaggerated praise or commendation, flattery. Frequently with make. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > approval or sanction > commendation or praise > [noun] lofeOE heryingc897 lovingeOE hereworda1100 pricec1225 laudc1384 magnifyingc1384 allowancec1390 loange1390 lof-wordc1390 roosec1390 commendation1393 commendinga1400 presa1400 commendmentc1400 praisea1425 roosinga1425 lauding1489 lovage1489 laudationa1500 magnificationa1500 predication1528 extolling1558 advancement1564 celebrating1573 plauda1593 applause1600 extolment1604 panegyric1613 collaudation1623 commendatinga1625 say-well1629 renown1631 euge1658 extollation1661 eulogy1725 acclaim1759 eulogism1761 encomium1785 eulogium1803 commemoration1823 glorification1850 laudification1890 bualadh bos1908 kudos to ——1936 c1390 in F. J. Furnivall Minor Poems Vernon MS (1901) ii. 505 (MED) Such þing as þou seyst and doos, Þi Neiȝebor wol þerof make Roos. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 13896 Quen he his aun roos [Trin. Cambr. preysing] has sought, In his muth sothfast es noght. a1425 (?c1375) N. Homily Legendary (Harl.) in C. Horstmann Altengl. Legenden (1881) 2nd Ser. 12 (MED) He prayd god..þat gude wele forto spend, Noght for no ruse of erthli thing, Bot allone vnto goddes louyng. a1450 Castle Perseverance (1969) l. 1065 Þerfore do as no man dos..And of þiself make gret ros. c1480 (a1400) St. Agnes 114 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) II. 349 Þe prefet begane to spere..quhat man it wes..þat agnes þe ruse of mad. a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1897–1973) 4 Primus angelus malus...thou semys well to sytt on hight..Primus bonus angelus. I rede ye leyfe that vanys royse. 1508 Golagros & Gawane (Chepman & Myllar) sig. dii^* All erdly riches and ruse is noght in thair garde. 1535 W. Stewart tr. H. Boece Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) 57700 I heir ȝow produce Sic..vant of manlines and ruce Of ȝour natioun so worthelie hes previt..And litill rus ȝe mak of ws agane. a1600 J. Melvill Autobiogr. & Diary (1842) 264 Jan Gomes..maid grait rus of Scotland to his king. 1631 in W. Fraser Red Bk. Menteith (1880) II. 136 It may be he sal not mak greit ruse of it quhen he hes gotten it. 1715 A. Pennecuik Curious Coll. Scotish Poems in Geogr., Hist. Descr. Tweeddale App. 97 When I sell I will make ruiss, Of that whilk is not worth a plack. 1821 J. Galt Ayrshire Legatees viii. 243 ‘Rachel had ay a gude roose of hersel',’ said Becky Glibbans. 1894 T. D. English Select Poems 438 When threescore years hae bleared yer ee, Ye'se tak' all roose yer frien's'll gie. 1900 S. R. Crockett Stickit Minister's Wooing 140 Making a roose of my wife, and sticking at nothing to hide the shame of my house. 1959 People's Jrnl. (Aberdeen) 19 Sept. A bittie pigeon breistet kin' wi' sae muckle reeze. a1978 A. S. Borrowman Buik o Ruth & Ither Wark in Lallans (1979) 35 Yer warld is fashit wi its skaith O blastit greed and toom roose baith. 1995 A. Fenton Craiters iii. 89 I've kent lads e same at hame, an ey got great reeze for bein ‘gran wirkers’. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online June 2022). roosev. Brit. /ruːz/, U.S. /ruz/, Scottish English /ruz/ Forms: α. Middle English ros, Middle English roys, Middle English royse, Middle English (1800s– English regional (Lincolnshire)) rose; Scottish 1800s ross (irregular). β. late Middle English reses (2nd singular present indicative, perhaps transmission error), late Middle English ruys, late Middle English ruysse, late Middle English (1900s– Newfoundland) ruse; English regional (northern) 1600s reouse, 1600s reuze, 1600s–1800s ruze, 1800s– reus (Cumberland); Scottish pre-1700 reus, pre-1700 ruis, pre-1700 rus, pre-1700 russ, pre-1700 ruys, pre-1700 rvse, pre-1700 rws, pre-1700 1700s–1800s ruse, pre-1700 1800s– ruise, pre-1700 (1900s– Orkney) reuse, 1700s rease, 1700s–1800s reese, 1700s 1900s– reeze (north-eastern), 1800s röse (Shetland), 1800s ruiss, 1800s ruist (past participle), 1800s ruz (Shetland), 1800s– ruize, 1900s– reise (northern), 1900s– röze (Shetland), 1900s– rüse (Shetland), 1900s– ruze. γ. late Middle English–1500s rowse, 1500s–1600s rouse; Scottish pre-1700 1700s rouze, 1700s–1800s rouse, 1800s rowse. δ. English regional (northern) 1700s rooyse (Yorkshire), 1800s roois (Yorkshire), 1800s rooze, 1800s– roose, 1900s– rooize (Yorkshire); Scottish pre-1700 1700s– roose, 1800s– rooze. Origin: A borrowing from early Scandinavian. Etymology: < early Scandinavian (compare Old Icelandic hrósa to praise, to boast, Faroese rósa to praise, Norwegian rose to praise, Old Swedish rosa to praise, to boast (Swedish rosa ), Danish rose to praise) < the Scandinavian base of Old Icelandic hróðr praise (see Roger n.²) + the Scandinavian base of Old Icelandic -sa , suffix forming verbs from adjectives and nouns (see discussion at cleanse v.). Compare roose n. Now Scottish and English regional (northern). †1. intransitive. To boast or be proud of something. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > pride > boasting or boastfulness > utter boastfully [verb (transitive)] > boast of roosec1175 avauntc1315 beyelpc1330 boastc1380 blazona1533 brag1588 ruff1602 crack1653 vapour1654 value1670 vauntc1696 gasconade1714 voust1794 to write home about1868 sing1897 c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 4906 Þatt iss hæfedd sinne..To rosenn off þin haȝherrleȝȝc & leȝhenn off þe sellfenn. 1572 (a1500) Taill of Rauf Coilȝear (1882) 483 Of that Ryall array that Rolland in raid, Rauf rusit in his hart of that Ryall thing. †2. transitive (reflexive). To boast oneself; to vaunt. With of, that-clause, or infinitive. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > pride > vainglory > be vainglorious or behave vaingloriously [verb (reflexive)] beyelpc1330 avaunt1340 glorify1340 yelp1340 boasta1400 brawl?a1400 roosea1400 vaunta1400 advance1483 brag1548 vainglorya1637 braggadociea1688 wind1827 α. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 28102 (MED) Ic ha me rosed in my mode..O dedes þat i ded noght. c1440 in C. Horstmann Yorkshire Writers (1895) I. 319 (MED) Bot for he roysed hyme of his dedis, he losed all þat he dide. a1500 (c1340) R. Rolle Psalter (Univ. Oxf. 64) (1884) xxxi. §3. 112 I cried all the day, rosand me of rightwisnes. β. a1425 (c1300) SS. Peter & Paul (Ashm.) l. 152 in C. Horstmann Altengl. Legenden (1881) 2nd Ser. 78 Symon Magus..rufid [prob. read rusid] him þan þat he might raise Dede men to lyue.a1450 (?1348) R. Rolle Form of Living (Cambr.) in Eng. Writings (1931) 117/25 (MED) Connyng es þat makes a man in gude hope, noght rusand [v.r. ruysand] hym of his rightwisnes, but sorowand of his syn.c1450 (?a1400) Sege Melayne (1880) 956 (MED) He sall noghte ruysse hym of this dede.a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1897–1973) 273 (MED) He has hym rused of great prophes, That he shuld make vs tempylles..within thre dayes.?1507 W. Dunbar Tua Mariit Wemen (Rouen) in Poems (1998) I. 46 He..makes repet with ryatus wordis, Ay rvsing him of his radis.1533 J. Gau tr. C. Pedersen Richt Vay 75 Mony spekis mekil and rwsis thayme of faith.?a1600 ( R. Sempill Legend Bischop St. Androis in J. Cranstoun Satirical Poems Reformation (1891) I. xlv. 373 But he may ruse him of his ryding.1644 R. Baillie Lett. & Jrnls. (1841) II. 191 The Independents..shall not ruise themselfe in the end of their oppositions.a1658 J. Durham Great Corruption Subtile Self (1723) 79 It hath no reward following but such as they will ruse themselves little of.γ. a1450 York Plays (1885) 264 (MED) Sir, oure stiffe tempill..And it were doune to þe erth..This rebalde, he rowses hym it rathely to rayse.δ. ?1645 in J. Row Hist. Kirk Scotl. (1842) 476 Alledging that honest ministers that went to the Bishop roosed themselves little of it. 3. a. transitive. To praise, extol, commend, flatter. Also reflexive. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > approval or sanction > commendation or praise > commend or praise [verb (transitive)] heryc735 mickleeOE loveOE praise?c1225 upraisea1300 alosec1300 commenda1340 allow1340 laud1377 lose1377 avauntc1380 magnifya1382 enhancea1400 roosea1400 recommendc1400 recommanda1413 to bear up?a1425 exalt1430 to say well (also evil, ill, etc.) of (also by)1445 laudifyc1470 gloryc1475 advance1483 to bear out1485 prizec1485 to be or to have in laudationa1500 joya1500 extol1509 collaud1512 concend?1521 solemnize?1521 celebrate1522 stellify1523 to set up1535 well-word1547 predicate1552 glorify1557 to set forth1565 admire1566 to be up with1592 voice1594 magnificate1598 plaud1598 concelebrate1599 encomionize1599 to con laud1602 applauda1616 panegyrize1617 acclamate1624 to set offa1625 acclaim1626 raise1645 complement1649 encomiate1651 voguec1661 phrase1675 to set out1688 Alexander1700 talk1723 panegyricize1777 bemouth1799 eulogizea1810 rhapsodize1819 crack up1829 rhapsody1847 α. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 2417 Sua þai rosed [Gött. praised] hir to þe king þat he þam did befor him bring. ?a1425 St. Thomas (Cambr. Add. 3039) l. 78 in M. Görlach E. Midl. Rev. S.-Eng. Legendary (1976) 80 (MED) A woman of Ebru..rosed ilk man als þai sat, als sho ȝode þaim amange. c1450 (?a1400) Wars Alexander (Ashm.) 4313 (MED) Riches ne no rede gold rose we þam nouthire. a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1897–1973) 12 (MED) What gifys god the to rose hym so? a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1897–1973) 107 Here is..the leg of a goys, with chekyns endorde, pork, partryk, to roys. 1877 E. Peacock Gloss. Words Manley & Corringham, Lincs. Rose, to praise, to flatter. β. a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1897–1973) 229 (MED) For if other men ruse hym, we shall accuse hym.a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1957) i. ix. l. 84 This ilk Tewcer hys ennemys of Troy Rusyt and lovit.1568 A. Scott Poems (1896) iii. 21 Reuse nocht ȝour self, latt vþiris preiss ȝour rentis.1570 in J. Cranstoun Satirical Poems Reformation (1891) I. xii. 132 Be my saule, my self culd neuer ruse ȝow.1572 (a1500) Taill of Rauf Coilȝear (1882) 80 Thank me not ouir airlie,..For I haue seruit the ȝit of lytill thing to ruse.1603 Philotus xxxiv. sig. B3 Bot be it gude ȝe do not spair, As royallie to ruse it.1677 W. Nicolson Gloss. Cumbrian Dial. in Trans. Royal Soc. Lit. (1870) 9 316 Ruze, to flatter.1691 J. Ray Coll. Eng. Words (ed. 2) 59 To Reuze, to extol or commend highly.1718 A. Ramsay Christ's-kirk on Green ii. 17 They rus'd him that had Skill.1787 J. Skinner Let. 25 Sept. in C. Rogers Bk. of Robert Burns (1890) II. 219 There's nane that reads them..But reezes Robie.a1800 Young Allan ii, in F. J. Child Eng. & Sc. Pop. Ballads (1892) IV. viii. 378 Some there reasd their hawk, their hawk, And some there reasd their hound.1820 J. Hogg Winter Evening Tales II. 327 She likit a bit praise, and whenever I rused her, she was as happy and as light-hearted as when she was nineteen years auld.1879 J. White Jottings 225 I've rus'd ye for yer head and heart.1932 John o' Groat Jrnl. 4 Nov. He wis reezin' ma twa gran' fat gauties.1948 Press & Jrnl. (Aberdeen) 8 June We jist reez'd auld Dizzy and said Gladstone was a coorse hurb.2019 W. Hershaw in Lallans 94 105 Tapsalteerie [sc. a publishing company] deserve tae be ruised for the fowth o brawsome buiks they hae giftit us.γ. 1549 M. Coverdale et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. II. 1 Cor. ix. f. xxvii^v If such let passe nothing vndone and vnsuffered, and al to be rowsed and commended of the lewde people.a1556 N. Udall Ralph Roister Doister (?1566) i. i. sig. A.iij Prayse and rouse him well, and ye haue his heart wonne.a1736 R. A. Hay Geneal. Sainteclaires (1835) 31 To rouze their roots, and how they sprung, See how antiquity time's triumph sung.1766 A. Nicol Poems Several Subj. 104 I right fickle was and fain To be sae rous'd.1842 R. Clark Rhymes 23 Wi' flattery I'll no rouse thee.δ. ?1635 in D. Dickson Sel. Pract. Writings (1845) (modernized text) 36 As if one brought into a shop of curious..wares, should roose all that he saw.1703 R. Thoresby Yorkshire Words (E.D.S.) Rooyse, to extol.1723 A. Ramsay Fair Assembly ix These modest maids inspire the muse, In flowing strains to shaw Their beauties, which she likes to roose.1786 R. Burns Poems 200 Friends an' folk that wish me well, They sometimes roose me.1786 R. Burns Poems 185 A fleechan, fleth'ran Dedication, To roose you up, an' ca' you guid.1834 A. Smart Rambling Rhymes 162 Let poets in their idle lays Roose up auld Scotland's early days.1865 E. Waugh Lancs. Songs 30 Aw roos't her, poor lass.1900 J. L. Robertson Horace in Homespun 100 Everybody's pleased but me; They've a' some hobby to amuse them, Folk to look on an' frien's to roose them.1901 R. De B. Trotter Galloway Gossip Eighty Years Ago 137 John skime't at Jean, an rooz't her gude looks. †b. transitive. In various proverbs and sayings. Obsolete. ΚΠ 1578 J. Rolland Seuin Seages 185 Euin as ȝe find the furde sa ruse it. a1598 D. Fergusson Sc. Prov. (1641) sig. E2^v Ruse the fair day at evin. a1628 J. Carmichaell Coll. Prov. in Scots (1957) No. 1138 Manie men ruses the fuird as they fand it. 1710 T. Ruddiman in G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneis (new ed.) Gloss. (at cited word) Every body ruses the ford as he finds it. 1721 J. Kelly Compl. Coll. Scotish Prov. 210 If it be ill, it is as ill rused. 1721 J. Kelly Compl. Coll. Scotish Prov. 282 Ruse the fair Day at Night. 1817 W. Scott Rob Roy II. xiv. 311 Let ilka ane roose the ford as they find it. 1872 R. Rainy Three Lects. Church of Scotl. i. 13 The Dean can produce many such sayings if he pleases, they only, in the language of their own proverb, ‘roosed the ford as they found it.’ †4. transitive. To say or speak (something). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > speak, say, or utter [verb (transitive)] speakc825 queatheOE forthdoc900 i-seggenc900 sayeOE speak971 meleOE quidOE spella1000 forthbringc1000 givec1175 warpa1225 mootc1225 i-schirea1250 upbringa1250 outsay?c1250 spilec1275 talec1275 wisea1300 crackc1315 nevena1325 cast1330 rehearsec1330 roundc1330 spend1362 carpa1375 sermona1382 to speak outc1384 usea1387 minc1390 pronouncea1393 lancec1400 mellc1400 nurnc1400 slingc1400 tellc1400 wordc1400 yelpc1400 worka1425 utterc1444 outspeakc1449 yielda1450 arecchec1460 roose?a1475 cutc1525 to come forth with1532 bubble1536 prolate1542 report1548 prolocute1570 bespeak1579 wield1581 upbraid1587 up with (also mid) ——1594 name1595 upbrayc1600 discoursea1616 tonguea1616 to bring out1665 voice1665 emit1753 lip1789 to out with1802 pitch1811 go1836 to open one's head1843 vocabulize1861 shoot1915 verbal1920 be1982 ?a1475 Ludus Coventriae (1922) 83 He muste here brynge I herde hym Rowse [rhymes spowse, house] In to þe tempyl a spowse to wedde. ?a1475 Ludus Coventriae (1922) 97 Kepe þe clene..and all þin maydenys in þin howse þat evyl langage I here not rowse. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.c1175v.c1175
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