Rotwelschn.

Brit.

/ˈrəʊtvɛlʃ/,

/ˈrɒtvɛlʃ/, U.S.

/ˈroʊtˌvɛlʃ/,

/ˈrɑtˌvɛlʃ/

Forms: 1800s Rothwälsch, 1800s Rothwelsch, 1800s Rotwälsch, 1900s– Rotwelsch.

Origin: A borrowing from German. Etymon: German Rotwelsch.

Etymology: < German Rotwelsch, †Rothwelsch, †Rotwälsch, †Rothwälsch (Middle High German rōtwelsch , rōtwalsch < rōt cunning, apparently specific use of rōt red, red-haired (see red adj.) + welsch Romance, (hence) foreign or unintelligible language: see Welsh adj. and n.). O.E.D. Suppl. (1982) gives the non-naturalized pronunciation (rō·tvelʃ) /ˈroːtvɛlʃ/.

A form of slang or cant chiefly used by vagrants, criminals, and itinerant craftspeople in parts of Germany, Austria, and Switzerland, based on German and containing elements from various German dialects,Yiddish, Hebrew, and Romani. Also called Gaunersprache.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > a language > register > [noun] > jargon > used by thieves or disreputable characters

pedlar's French1530

peddling French?1536

cant1706

slang1756

patter1758

rogue's Latin1818

thieves' Latin1821

Rotwelsch1827

underworld1927

Runyonesque1934

mobese1955

smogger1958

1827 tr. C. Malte-Brun Universal Geogr. VI. 251 The dialect of such a tribe..is made up of the cant terms of beggars and pickpockets, or not unlike the rothwelsch of the German banditti.

1841 G. Borrow Zincali II. iii. 130 The name of this [robber] jargon varies... In Germany [it is called] ‘Rothwelsch’ or red Italian.

1892 Chambers's Encycl. IX. 496/1 Martin Luther compiled a dictionary of Rotwälsch..used by the thieves of his time, in which half the words are Hebrew, derived from the receivers of stolen goods and their Yiddish dialect.

1934 R. C. Priebsch & W. E. Collinson German Lang. 260 The lowest type of speech is the thieves' and beggars' cant known in German as Rotwelsch or Gaunersprache.

1973 Reader's Digest Feb. 122/2 ‘Please, put away that firecracker,’ said the Major, lapsing into Rotwelsch—the slang of Vienna's underworld.

1995 P. Wexler in R. P. Hsia & H. Lehmann In & out of Ghetto viii. 120 Rotwelsch is the basis of slang vocabulary in Dutch, Hungarian, Slavic, and even Baltic and Scandinavian languages.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	rotwelsch
释义	Rotwelschn. Brit. /ˈrəʊtvɛlʃ/, /ˈrɒtvɛlʃ/, U.S. /ˈroʊtˌvɛlʃ/, /ˈrɑtˌvɛlʃ/ Forms: 1800s Rothwälsch, 1800s Rothwelsch, 1800s Rotwälsch, 1900s– Rotwelsch. Origin: A borrowing from German. Etymon: German Rotwelsch. Etymology: < German Rotwelsch, †Rothwelsch, †Rotwälsch, †Rothwälsch (Middle High German rōtwelsch , rōtwalsch < rōt cunning, apparently specific use of rōt red, red-haired (see red adj.) + welsch Romance, (hence) foreign or unintelligible language: see Welsh adj. and n.). O.E.D. Suppl. (1982) gives the non-naturalized pronunciation (rō·tvelʃ) /ˈroːtvɛlʃ/. A form of slang or cant chiefly used by vagrants, criminals, and itinerant craftspeople in parts of Germany, Austria, and Switzerland, based on German and containing elements from various German dialects,Yiddish, Hebrew, and Romani. Also called Gaunersprache. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > a language > register > [noun] > jargon > used by thieves or disreputable characters pedlar's French1530 peddling French?1536 cant1706 slang1756 patter1758 rogue's Latin1818 thieves' Latin1821 Rotwelsch1827 underworld1927 Runyonesque1934 mobese1955 smogger1958 1827 tr. C. Malte-Brun Universal Geogr. VI. 251 The dialect of such a tribe..is made up of the cant terms of beggars and pickpockets, or not unlike the rothwelsch of the German banditti. 1841 G. Borrow Zincali II. iii. 130 The name of this [robber] jargon varies... In Germany [it is called] ‘Rothwelsch’ or red Italian. 1892 Chambers's Encycl. IX. 496/1 Martin Luther compiled a dictionary of Rotwälsch..used by the thieves of his time, in which half the words are Hebrew, derived from the receivers of stolen goods and their Yiddish dialect. 1934 R. C. Priebsch & W. E. Collinson German Lang. 260 The lowest type of speech is the thieves' and beggars' cant known in German as Rotwelsch or Gaunersprache. 1973 Reader's Digest Feb. 122/2 ‘Please, put away that firecracker,’ said the Major, lapsing into Rotwelsch—the slang of Vienna's underworld. 1995 P. Wexler in R. P. Hsia & H. Lehmann In & out of Ghetto viii. 120 Rotwelsch is the basis of slang vocabulary in Dutch, Hungarian, Slavic, and even Baltic and Scandinavian languages. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1827
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