roturiern.adj.

Brit.

/rəˈtjʊərɪeɪ/,

/rəˈtʃʊərɪeɪ/,

/rəˈtjʊərɪə/,

/rəˈtʃʊərɪə/, U.S.

/rəˈtʊriər/,

/rəˈtʊriˌeɪ/,

/rɑˈtʊriˌeɪ/

Forms: 1500s roturier, 1600s roturer, 1800s rotûrier.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French roturier.

Etymology: < Middle French roturier (French roturier ) (adjective) not noble (a1272 in Old French), concerning an estate held by a commoner (1312 as rupturier ), (noun) peasant (1306), commoner (1447) < roture roture n. + -ier -ier suffix. Compare post-classical Latin rupturarius (1072).With the form roturer at Forms compare -er suffix².

A. n.

1. A person of low social rank; a commoner; spec. (in pre-revolutionary France) a member of a social class comprising all those not nobles or clergy, i.e. the bourgeois and villeins collectively. Cf. roture n. 2. Now historical.In the 19th and early 20th centuries, often implying vulgarity, and the possession of newly acquired wealth.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social class > the common people > [noun] > one of the common people

Jackc1390

fellowa1400

commonerc1400

populara1525

plebeianc1550

ungentle1562

Tom Tiler1582

roturier1586

vulgarity1646

little man1707

pleb1795

man of the people1799

the man in the street1831

snob1831

man1860

oickman1925

1586 J. Ferne Blazon of Gentrie 12 Be he Marchaunt, Burgesse, Roturier, peysaunt or slaue.

1594 R. Ashley tr. L. le Roy Interchangeable Course iv. f. 56 It was not lawfull for any Roturier or common person, to possesse any fee simple.

1660 J. Howell Θηρολογια 18 My profession was both a Vineyard-man, and a Roturer, a poor Peasan I was.

1687 R. Wolley Present State France xlv. 494 The Taxes are paid only by those of the third Estate of the Kingdom, that is to say, by the Inhabitants called Roturiers, who are no Gentlemen.

1749 T. Nugent Grand Tour IV. 35 The third are the Roturiers, and comprehends their tradesmen, yeomen, and husbandmen, or peasants.

1798 C. Smith Young Philosopher I. 104 Sinking into the rank of plebeians, roturiers, fellows who live by digging.

1833 E. Bulwer-Lytton Godolphin I. xvii. 151 She'll take in some rich roturier, I hope.

1868 M. E. Braddon Dead-Sea Fruit I. iv. 61 Palaces are common enough.., and the roturier may find one ready for his occupation.

1904 A. Quiller-Couch Fort Amity xxv. 294 If my uncle behaves like a roturier, it is because his mind has gone.

1946 Virginia Law Rev. 32 741 It [sc. the legal profession] had a social position intermediate between the noble and the roturier.

1998 R. A. Nye Masculinity & Male Codes of Honor in Mod. France ii. 21 An ideology of military profession that remained the special province of the nobility, and which allowed the nobility to continue to lay claim to qualities not possessed by roturiers.

2. In Canada: a person who holds real estate subject to an annual rent paid to a seigneur (seigneur n. b). Cf. roture n. 1a. Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > legal right > right of possession or ownership > tenure of property > one who has tenure > [noun] > leaseholder or tenant > others

drenga1000

selfode1271

thringc1275

particular tenant1590

rack-renter1680

zamindar1683

roturier1830

statutory tenant1867

livier1883

church renter1889

congest1902

1830 H. Labouchere tr. P. de S. La Terrière Polit. & Hist. Acct. Lower Canada App. 269 All the tenures of Canada are conformable to the custom of Paris... The noble tenures are all subject to the rights of francs fiefs..when they fall into hands of roturiers.

1861 T. E. May Constit. Hist. Eng. (1863) II. xvii. 575 A representative assembly, to which freeholders or roturiers to the amount of £500 were eligible as members.

1903 Cambr. Mod. Hist. VII. iii. 82 The great seigneuries of ten by twelve leagues were enfeoffed to the roturiers in strips.

1998 C. J. Ekberg French Roots in Illinois Country (2000) i. 12 In the quasi-manorial system of seventeenth-century Canada, Robert Giffard was the seigneur and Noel Langlois the roturier.

B. adj.

Of or characteristic of a roturier; of low social rank; not noble; common.In quot. 1815: that holds an estate in roture; cf. sense A. 2.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social class > the common people > [adjective] > common

unornOE

commona1382

vulgar1530

popular1533

plain1542

dunghill1548

ordinarya1586

plebeious1610

roturier1614

terraefilian1887

1614 J. Selden Titles of Honor 302 With the Roturier or base tenures, this place hath not to do.

1681 H. Neville Plato Redivivus (ed. 2) 152 This House gives him the Title his Father had,..which if he sells, he parts with his Baronship, and for ought I know becomes in time roturier, or ignoble.

1732 C. Forman Let. to R. Walpole 35 Several of them were heartily ashamed and vex'd at the unsufferable Airs of Numbers of their Roturier Countrymen.

1815 W. Smith Hist. Canada II. iii. 211 The King's Rotûrier tenants, cannot fail to wish for a conversion and discharge from the Cens rente and Lods et Ventes.

1835 H. Greville Diary 2 May in Leaves from Diary (1883) 56 His manners, though courteous.., are roturier and vulgar.

1879 Nation 9 Jan. 29/2 It was the fashion in Provence to give names an Italian termination: it was less roturier to be Riqueti than Riquet.

1932 Jrnl. Mod. Hist. 4 257 Whether a writer..agreed or disagreed with Montesquieu depended..upon whether he belonged to the aristocracy or the roturier class.

1958 Mod. Lang. Rev. 53 173 Perhaps too much should not be made of Saint-Preux's roturier origins, for they merely serve to show..that social barriers can be overcome by personal wealth.

1996 H. L. Harrison Pistoles/Paroles v. 135 Roturier wealth replaces inherited lands as the source of noble expenditures.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	roturier
释义	roturiern.adj. Brit. /rəˈtjʊərɪeɪ/, /rəˈtʃʊərɪeɪ/, /rəˈtjʊərɪə/, /rəˈtʃʊərɪə/, U.S. /rəˈtʊriər/, /rəˈtʊriˌeɪ/, /rɑˈtʊriˌeɪ/ Forms: 1500s roturier, 1600s roturer, 1800s rotûrier. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French roturier. Etymology: < Middle French roturier (French roturier ) (adjective) not noble (a1272 in Old French), concerning an estate held by a commoner (1312 as rupturier ), (noun) peasant (1306), commoner (1447) < roture roture n. + -ier -ier suffix. Compare post-classical Latin rupturarius (1072).With the form roturer at Forms compare -er suffix². A. n. 1. A person of low social rank; a commoner; spec. (in pre-revolutionary France) a member of a social class comprising all those not nobles or clergy, i.e. the bourgeois and villeins collectively. Cf. roture n. 2. Now historical.In the 19th and early 20th centuries, often implying vulgarity, and the possession of newly acquired wealth. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social class > the common people > [noun] > one of the common people Jackc1390 fellowa1400 commonerc1400 populara1525 plebeianc1550 ungentle1562 Tom Tiler1582 roturier1586 vulgarity1646 little man1707 pleb1795 man of the people1799 the man in the street1831 snob1831 man1860 oickman1925 1586 J. Ferne Blazon of Gentrie 12 Be he Marchaunt, Burgesse, Roturier, peysaunt or slaue. 1594 R. Ashley tr. L. le Roy Interchangeable Course iv. f. 56 It was not lawfull for any Roturier or common person, to possesse any fee simple. 1660 J. Howell Θηρολογια 18 My profession was both a Vineyard-man, and a Roturer, a poor Peasan I was. 1687 R. Wolley Present State France xlv. 494 The Taxes are paid only by those of the third Estate of the Kingdom, that is to say, by the Inhabitants called Roturiers, who are no Gentlemen. 1749 T. Nugent Grand Tour IV. 35 The third are the Roturiers, and comprehends their tradesmen, yeomen, and husbandmen, or peasants. 1798 C. Smith Young Philosopher I. 104 Sinking into the rank of plebeians, roturiers, fellows who live by digging. 1833 E. Bulwer-Lytton Godolphin I. xvii. 151 She'll take in some rich roturier, I hope. 1868 M. E. Braddon Dead-Sea Fruit I. iv. 61 Palaces are common enough.., and the roturier may find one ready for his occupation. 1904 A. Quiller-Couch Fort Amity xxv. 294 If my uncle behaves like a roturier, it is because his mind has gone. 1946 Virginia Law Rev. 32 741 It [sc. the legal profession] had a social position intermediate between the noble and the roturier. 1998 R. A. Nye Masculinity & Male Codes of Honor in Mod. France ii. 21 An ideology of military profession that remained the special province of the nobility, and which allowed the nobility to continue to lay claim to qualities not possessed by roturiers. 2. In Canada: a person who holds real estate subject to an annual rent paid to a seigneur (seigneur n. b). Cf. roture n. 1a. Now historical. ΘΚΠ society > law > legal right > right of possession or ownership > tenure of property > one who has tenure > [noun] > leaseholder or tenant > others drenga1000 selfode1271 thringc1275 particular tenant1590 rack-renter1680 zamindar1683 roturier1830 statutory tenant1867 livier1883 church renter1889 congest1902 1830 H. Labouchere tr. P. de S. La Terrière Polit. & Hist. Acct. Lower Canada App. 269 All the tenures of Canada are conformable to the custom of Paris... The noble tenures are all subject to the rights of francs fiefs..when they fall into hands of roturiers. 1861 T. E. May Constit. Hist. Eng. (1863) II. xvii. 575 A representative assembly, to which freeholders or roturiers to the amount of £500 were eligible as members. 1903 Cambr. Mod. Hist. VII. iii. 82 The great seigneuries of ten by twelve leagues were enfeoffed to the roturiers in strips. 1998 C. J. Ekberg French Roots in Illinois Country (2000) i. 12 In the quasi-manorial system of seventeenth-century Canada, Robert Giffard was the seigneur and Noel Langlois the roturier. B. adj. Of or characteristic of a roturier; of low social rank; not noble; common.In quot. 1815: that holds an estate in roture; cf. sense A. 2. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social class > the common people > [adjective] > common unornOE commona1382 vulgar1530 popular1533 plain1542 dunghill1548 ordinarya1586 plebeious1610 roturier1614 terraefilian1887 1614 J. Selden Titles of Honor 302 With the Roturier or base tenures, this place hath not to do. 1681 H. Neville Plato Redivivus (ed. 2) 152 This House gives him the Title his Father had,..which if he sells, he parts with his Baronship, and for ought I know becomes in time roturier, or ignoble. 1732 C. Forman Let. to R. Walpole 35 Several of them were heartily ashamed and vex'd at the unsufferable Airs of Numbers of their Roturier Countrymen. 1815 W. Smith Hist. Canada II. iii. 211 The King's Rotûrier tenants, cannot fail to wish for a conversion and discharge from the Cens rente and Lods et Ventes. 1835 H. Greville Diary 2 May in Leaves from Diary (1883) 56 His manners, though courteous.., are roturier and vulgar. 1879 Nation 9 Jan. 29/2 It was the fashion in Provence to give names an Italian termination: it was less roturier to be Riqueti than Riquet. 1932 Jrnl. Mod. Hist. 4 257 Whether a writer..agreed or disagreed with Montesquieu depended..upon whether he belonged to the aristocracy or the roturier class. 1958 Mod. Lang. Rev. 53 173 Perhaps too much should not be made of Saint-Preux's roturier origins, for they merely serve to show..that social barriers can be overcome by personal wealth. 1996 H. L. Harrison Pistoles/Paroles v. 135 Roturier wealth replaces inherited lands as the source of noble expenditures. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.adj.1586
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