roturen.

Brit.

/rəˈtjʊə/,

/rəˈtʃʊə/,

/rəˈtjɔː/,

/rəˈtʃɔː/, U.S.

/rəˈtʊ(ə)r/,

/rɑˈtʊ(ə)r/

Forms: 1600s– roture, 1900s– rôture.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French roture.

Etymology: < Middle French, French roture status of an estate held by a commoner (a1454 as rousture ; earlier in sense ‘newly cleared land’ (1406 as roupture )), estate held by a commoner (16th cent.), status of a commoner, estate for which rent is paid (both 1549), commoners collectively (1611 in Cotgrave), specific use of Middle French roture breach, act of breaking (c1180) < classical Latin ruptūra (compare especially its post-classical Latin senses ‘reclamation of waste land, rent paid for such land’: see rupture n.). N.E.D. (1909) gives the non-naturalized pronunciation (rotǖr) /rɔtyr/.

Now historical.

a. In pre-revolutionary France, Canada under the seigneurial system (see seigneury n. 1b), and certain other places with a polity based on the French feudal system: tenure of land subject to payment of rent as opposed to feudal obligations of homage and personal service; esp. in in roture. Chiefly historical.Opposed to fief.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > legal right > right of possession or ownership > tenure of property > [noun] > plebeian tenure

roture?c1682

?c1682 J. Warburton Treat. Hist. Guernsey (1822) 89 This division is to be understood of estates that are in roture.

1791 tr. Anc. French Arch. 30 A bundle containing original concessions or grants of lands in fief, and in roture, by different governors and seigniors.

1818 H. Hallam View Europe Middle Ages I. ii. 159 A nobleman might, and often did, hold estates in roture, as well as a roturier acquire a fief.

1866 Victoria Mag. Feb. 348 Confining ourselves to feudal countries, we will speak..of the tenure by grant, the roture, and the burgage tenure.

1886 in Communic. Cambr. Antiquarian Soc. (1887) 6 20 Tenure ‘per acras’ was the ordinary ‘roture’ tenure [in Jersey].

1900 A. R. Hassard Canad. Constit. Hist. & Law i. iii. 40 The county members were elected by owners of lands in freehold, or in fief or roture.

1996 Univ. Toronto Law Jrnl. 46 290 Non-natives were individually granted lots under certificates of possession to be exchanged for patents in fief and roture.

b. As a count noun: a tract of land held in roture.

ΚΠ

1821 First Rep. Comm. House of Assembly Settlem. Crown Lands (Province of Quebec) 70 To form any other idea of the Rotures under the Custom of Paris, is to abandon the best Law authorities.

1913 Jrnl. Soc. Compar. Legislation 13 268 Roturier,..a peasant, who holds a roture—i.e. villein-land.

1967 Jrnl. Econ. Hist. 27 257 The size, shape, and distribution of seigneuries and rotures.

2002 J. C. Hudson Across this Land ii. 17 The rotures were laid out in long strips, about one-tenth as wide as they were long.

2. The status of a roturier (roturier n. 1); low social rank. Also: the roturier class.Frequently contrasted with noblesse.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social class > the common people > [noun] > position or quality of

plebeiance1621

commonership1648

peopleship1650

plebeity1663

plebeianism1723

roture1738

plebeianness1840

1738 J. Breval Remarks Several Parts of Europe: Tours since 1723 II. 38 The Noblesse, who inhabit a separate Part of the Town from the Merchants,..hold the latter in as great Contempt for their Roture, as these do the former for their Poverty.

1795 H. M. Williams Lett. France I. 194 The period was still remembered when a round cap was the badge of roture.

1829 N. Amer. Rev. Oct. 400 They will not seem illusory to those who know..how strong the barrier still is, which separates the nobility from the roture.

1844 Brit. & Foreign Rev. 17 276 Nor was any remedy elicited that might serve to bring to issue the invidious and ever-spreading inequality between noblesse and roture.

1882 Encycl. Brit. XIV. 177/1 He himself always signed the name Delabruyère in one word, thus avowing his roture.

1917 A. Castle & E. Castle Wolf-lure xiv. 234 Is it possible that even the great name of Ruffeleu-Rozac does not suffice to cover up the rôture of a Montbars?

1959 R. R. Palmer Age of Democratic Revol. iii. 58 Montesquieu produces the Lords and Commons of England, with the noblesse and roture of France also present in his mind.

2009 W. Doyle Aristocracy & its Enemies in Age of Revol. iii. 80 Nobility was an ‘accidental’..quality. However old it was, roture was older. It went back to Adam himself.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	roture
释义	roturen. Brit. /rəˈtjʊə/, /rəˈtʃʊə/, /rəˈtjɔː/, /rəˈtʃɔː/, U.S. /rəˈtʊ(ə)r/, /rɑˈtʊ(ə)r/ Forms: 1600s– roture, 1900s– rôture. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French roture. Etymology: < Middle French, French roture status of an estate held by a commoner (a1454 as rousture ; earlier in sense ‘newly cleared land’ (1406 as roupture )), estate held by a commoner (16th cent.), status of a commoner, estate for which rent is paid (both 1549), commoners collectively (1611 in Cotgrave), specific use of Middle French roture breach, act of breaking (c1180) < classical Latin ruptūra (compare especially its post-classical Latin senses ‘reclamation of waste land, rent paid for such land’: see rupture n.). N.E.D. (1909) gives the non-naturalized pronunciation (rotǖr) /rɔtyr/. Now historical. 1. a. In pre-revolutionary France, Canada under the seigneurial system (see seigneury n. 1b), and certain other places with a polity based on the French feudal system: tenure of land subject to payment of rent as opposed to feudal obligations of homage and personal service; esp. in in roture. Chiefly historical.Opposed to fief. ΘΚΠ society > law > legal right > right of possession or ownership > tenure of property > [noun] > plebeian tenure roture?c1682 ?c1682 J. Warburton Treat. Hist. Guernsey (1822) 89 This division is to be understood of estates that are in roture. 1791 tr. Anc. French Arch. 30 A bundle containing original concessions or grants of lands in fief, and in roture, by different governors and seigniors. 1818 H. Hallam View Europe Middle Ages I. ii. 159 A nobleman might, and often did, hold estates in roture, as well as a roturier acquire a fief. 1866 Victoria Mag. Feb. 348 Confining ourselves to feudal countries, we will speak..of the tenure by grant, the roture, and the burgage tenure. 1886 in Communic. Cambr. Antiquarian Soc. (1887) 6 20 Tenure ‘per acras’ was the ordinary ‘roture’ tenure [in Jersey]. 1900 A. R. Hassard Canad. Constit. Hist. & Law i. iii. 40 The county members were elected by owners of lands in freehold, or in fief or roture. 1996 Univ. Toronto Law Jrnl. 46 290 Non-natives were individually granted lots under certificates of possession to be exchanged for patents in fief and roture. b. As a count noun: a tract of land held in roture. ΚΠ 1821 First Rep. Comm. House of Assembly Settlem. Crown Lands (Province of Quebec) 70 To form any other idea of the Rotures under the Custom of Paris, is to abandon the best Law authorities. 1913 Jrnl. Soc. Compar. Legislation 13 268 Roturier,..a peasant, who holds a roture—i.e. villein-land. 1967 Jrnl. Econ. Hist. 27 257 The size, shape, and distribution of seigneuries and rotures. 2002 J. C. Hudson Across this Land ii. 17 The rotures were laid out in long strips, about one-tenth as wide as they were long. 2. The status of a roturier (roturier n. 1); low social rank. Also: the roturier class.Frequently contrasted with noblesse. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social class > the common people > [noun] > position or quality of plebeiance1621 commonership1648 peopleship1650 plebeity1663 plebeianism1723 roture1738 plebeianness1840 1738 J. Breval Remarks Several Parts of Europe: Tours since 1723 II. 38 The Noblesse, who inhabit a separate Part of the Town from the Merchants,..hold the latter in as great Contempt for their Roture, as these do the former for their Poverty. 1795 H. M. Williams Lett. France I. 194 The period was still remembered when a round cap was the badge of roture. 1829 N. Amer. Rev. Oct. 400 They will not seem illusory to those who know..how strong the barrier still is, which separates the nobility from the roture. 1844 Brit. & Foreign Rev. 17 276 Nor was any remedy elicited that might serve to bring to issue the invidious and ever-spreading inequality between noblesse and roture. 1882 Encycl. Brit. XIV. 177/1 He himself always signed the name Delabruyère in one word, thus avowing his roture. 1917 A. Castle & E. Castle Wolf-lure xiv. 234 Is it possible that even the great name of Ruffeleu-Rozac does not suffice to cover up the rôture of a Montbars? 1959 R. R. Palmer Age of Democratic Revol. iii. 58 Montesquieu produces the Lords and Commons of England, with the noblesse and roture of France also present in his mind. 2009 W. Doyle Aristocracy & its Enemies in Age of Revol. iii. 80 Nobility was an ‘accidental’..quality. However old it was, roture was older. It went back to Adam himself. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.?c1682
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