rooibaadjien.

Brit.

/ˈrɔɪbɑːki/,

/ˈrɔɪˌbɑːdʒi/, U.S.

/ˈrɔɪˌbɑki/,

/ˈrɔɪˌbɑdʒi/, South African English

/ˈrɔɪbaɪki/

Inflections: Plural rooibaadjies, unchanged.

Forms: 1800s roedvatje, 1800s roibatje, 1800s roodebaatje, 1800s rooibaadje, 1800s rooibaaitje, 1800s rooibaatye, 1800s rooibadjie, 1800s roribaajte, 1800s rovibaatje, 1800s– rooibaatje, 1800s– rooibatje, 1900s– rooibaadjie, 1900s– rooibaatjie, 1900s– rooiebatje.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Dutch. Partly a borrowing from Afrikaans. Etymons: Dutch roodebaatje; Afrikaans rooibaadjie.

Etymology: < South African Dutch roodebaatje (1847 in sense 1; apparently a1858 or earlier in sense 2, which is not dated in dictionaries; Afrikaans rooibaadjie), literally ‘red jacket’ < Dutch roode (see rooibok n. and discussion at that entry) + South African Dutch baatje , baadje , etc. ‘jacket’ (Afrikaans baadjie ; < Malay badju kind of shirt or jacket (now baju ), apparently with alteration of the ending after Dutch -je , diminutive suffix). In sense 1 probably after redcoat n. (compare redcoat n. 1a). For the semantic motivation of sense 2 see quot. 1924.The forms rooibaaitje and roribaajte reflect early development of a glide vowel in the second element of the South African Dutch etymon (compare the pronunciation of the Afrikaans reflex, /ˈruiˌbʌɪki/, which additionally shows the development /tj/ > /c/ > /k/); compare the note at randjie n.

South African.

1. A British regular soldier, a redcoat. Chiefly depreciative. Now chiefly historical.The term continued in common use after the South African War (1899–1901), although British soldiers were by then fighting in khaki.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > warrior > soldier > soldier by nationality > [noun] > British

redcoatc1605

lobster?1643

bloodyback1770

Blue Flint1827

rooibaadjie1848

choom1916

pongo1942

1848 H. Ward Five Years in Kaffirland i. v. 164 And how Umhala would laugh at the Roed Vatjes!

1852 C. Barter Dorp & Veld xii. 171 The border colonist would have held his ground against the native without the aid of a single roode-baatye (red coat).

1885 J. Nixon Compl. Story Transvaal xi. 202 The moment the Boers rushed out to attack, after they saw their friends coming down the hill-side, the ‘bastards’ naturally took to flight, and sixty of his [sc. the Boer commandant's] men followed them, and thereupon the ‘rooibatjes’ fled also.

1897 E. Glanville Tales from Veld xxvi. 200 Sonny, them rooibaaitjes can fight, but they're foolish.

1911 D. Blackburn & W. W. Caddell Secret Service 89 She said that Cetawayo had gained a great victory, and that the rooie-batjes (redcoats) lay upon the field of battle ‘like winter leaves beneath a tree’.

1941 S. Cloete Hill of Doves (1942) viii. 116 Why, our men were soldiers, veterans of wars, when these Rooibaadjies were but children.

1971 Daily Dispatch (East London, S. Afr.) 18 Dec. 9 A young British rooibaadjie lurched towards him from the shadows!

1991 T. Pakenham Scramble for Afr. vi. 104 The kop was alive with rooibaatje, redcoats.

2. A wingless red insect that is the nymph of the southern African brown locust, Locustana pardalina, in its gregarious phase. Also called voetganger.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > subclass Pterygota > [noun] > division Exopterygota or Hemimetabola > order Orthoptera > family Locustidae > member of (locust) > locustana pardalina (rooibaadjie)

rooibaadjie1858

1858 H. Calderwood Caffres & Caffre Missions xii. 157 The youngest locusts..are then partly red and partly black... Sometimes they are called roibatjes—that is, red-coats, in allusion to the soldiers.

1875 J. J. Bisset Sport & War in Afr. xix. 170 You see the very earth become alive with diminutive insects,..increasing in size and becoming the colour of the brightest red. At this stage they are called the ‘Rooi baatyes’, or red soldiers.

1924 L. H. Brinkman Glory of Backveld 10 A newly-hatched locust..is quite black, but after a few weeks its coat changes into a dull red colour, when it is known as a ‘rooibaatje’ (red coat).

1972 Standard Encycl. Southern Afr. VII. 21/1 Young crowded hoppers would develop into typical phase gregaria ‘rooibaadjies’.

1986 S. Afr. Panorama June 13 They [sc. brown locusts] ‘go critical’ and take flight after their sixth change of skin, at one stage assuming a menacing striped colour—the rooibaadjie or redcoat stage.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	rooibaadjie
释义	rooibaadjien. Brit. /ˈrɔɪbɑːki/, /ˈrɔɪˌbɑːdʒi/, U.S. /ˈrɔɪˌbɑki/, /ˈrɔɪˌbɑdʒi/, South African English /ˈrɔɪbaɪki/ Inflections: Plural rooibaadjies, unchanged. Forms: 1800s roedvatje, 1800s roibatje, 1800s roodebaatje, 1800s rooibaadje, 1800s rooibaaitje, 1800s rooibaatye, 1800s rooibadjie, 1800s roribaajte, 1800s rovibaatje, 1800s– rooibaatje, 1800s– rooibatje, 1900s– rooibaadjie, 1900s– rooibaatjie, 1900s– rooiebatje. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Dutch. Partly a borrowing from Afrikaans. Etymons: Dutch roodebaatje; Afrikaans rooibaadjie. Etymology: < South African Dutch roodebaatje (1847 in sense 1; apparently a1858 or earlier in sense 2, which is not dated in dictionaries; Afrikaans rooibaadjie), literally ‘red jacket’ < Dutch roode (see rooibok n. and discussion at that entry) + South African Dutch baatje , baadje , etc. ‘jacket’ (Afrikaans baadjie ; < Malay badju kind of shirt or jacket (now baju ), apparently with alteration of the ending after Dutch -je , diminutive suffix). In sense 1 probably after redcoat n. (compare redcoat n. 1a). For the semantic motivation of sense 2 see quot. 1924.The forms rooibaaitje and roribaajte reflect early development of a glide vowel in the second element of the South African Dutch etymon (compare the pronunciation of the Afrikaans reflex, /ˈruiˌbʌɪki/, which additionally shows the development /tj/ > /c/ > /k/); compare the note at randjie n. South African. 1. A British regular soldier, a redcoat. Chiefly depreciative. Now chiefly historical.The term continued in common use after the South African War (1899–1901), although British soldiers were by then fighting in khaki. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > warrior > soldier > soldier by nationality > [noun] > British redcoatc1605 lobster?1643 bloodyback1770 Blue Flint1827 rooibaadjie1848 choom1916 pongo1942 1848 H. Ward Five Years in Kaffirland i. v. 164 And how Umhala would laugh at the Roed Vatjes! 1852 C. Barter Dorp & Veld xii. 171 The border colonist would have held his ground against the native without the aid of a single roode-baatye (red coat). 1885 J. Nixon Compl. Story Transvaal xi. 202 The moment the Boers rushed out to attack, after they saw their friends coming down the hill-side, the ‘bastards’ naturally took to flight, and sixty of his [sc. the Boer commandant's] men followed them, and thereupon the ‘rooibatjes’ fled also. 1897 E. Glanville Tales from Veld xxvi. 200 Sonny, them rooibaaitjes can fight, but they're foolish. 1911 D. Blackburn & W. W. Caddell Secret Service 89 She said that Cetawayo had gained a great victory, and that the rooie-batjes (redcoats) lay upon the field of battle ‘like winter leaves beneath a tree’. 1941 S. Cloete Hill of Doves (1942) viii. 116 Why, our men were soldiers, veterans of wars, when these Rooibaadjies were but children. 1971 Daily Dispatch (East London, S. Afr.) 18 Dec. 9 A young British rooibaadjie lurched towards him from the shadows! 1991 T. Pakenham Scramble for Afr. vi. 104 The kop was alive with rooibaatje, redcoats. 2. A wingless red insect that is the nymph of the southern African brown locust, Locustana pardalina, in its gregarious phase. Also called voetganger. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > subclass Pterygota > [noun] > division Exopterygota or Hemimetabola > order Orthoptera > family Locustidae > member of (locust) > locustana pardalina (rooibaadjie) rooibaadjie1858 1858 H. Calderwood Caffres & Caffre Missions xii. 157 The youngest locusts..are then partly red and partly black... Sometimes they are called roibatjes—that is, red-coats, in allusion to the soldiers. 1875 J. J. Bisset Sport & War in Afr. xix. 170 You see the very earth become alive with diminutive insects,..increasing in size and becoming the colour of the brightest red. At this stage they are called the ‘Rooi baatyes’, or red soldiers. 1924 L. H. Brinkman Glory of Backveld 10 A newly-hatched locust..is quite black, but after a few weeks its coat changes into a dull red colour, when it is known as a ‘rooibaatje’ (red coat). 1972 Standard Encycl. Southern Afr. VII. 21/1 Young crowded hoppers would develop into typical phase gregaria ‘rooibaadjies’. 1986 S. Afr. Panorama June 13 They [sc. brown locusts] ‘go critical’ and take flight after their sixth change of skin, at one stage assuming a menacing striped colour—the rooibaadjie or redcoat stage. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1848
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