Roman Republicn.

Brit.

/ˌrəʊmən rᵻˈpʌblɪk/, U.S.

/ˌroʊmən rəˈpəblɪk/,

/ˌroʊmən riˈpəblɪk/

Forms: see Roman n.¹ and adj.¹ and republic n.

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: Roman adj.¹, republic n.

Etymology: < Roman adj.¹ + republic n. With sense 1 compare post-classical Latin respublica Romana (4th cent.; also Romana respublica (5th cent.)), French république romaine (1558 in Middle French as republique romaine ), Spanish república romana (late 14th cent.), Italian repubblica romana (14th cent.; compare repubblica di Roma (a1292)). With sense 2 compare Italian Repubblica romana (February 1849 in this sense; now historical).

1. historical. The ancient Roman state, governed by an elected Senate and dating from the expulsion of the Etruscan monarchs in 510 b.c. until the assumption of power by Augustus in 27 b.c. and the subsequent transition into an imperial state (cf. Roman Empire n. 1).

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > territorial jurisdiction or areas subject to > [noun] > aggregate of sovereign states under one rule > the Roman Empire

Romanyc1330

Roman Empire?a1475

Roman Republic1625

Romandom1854

1625 P. Heylyn Μικρόκοσμος (rev. ed.) 225 In this town was the meeting of three great Captaines, Pompey, Cæsar, and Crassus; so pernicious to the Roman Republicke.

1696 Seasonable & Modest Thoughts 22 Many times [the Romans] admitted those [people] they had subdued, to a Share and Participation of all the Privileges of Rome, and of the Roman Republick.

1711 tr. L. Bordelon Hist. Ridiculous Extravagancies Monsieur Oufle xix. 127 The three greatest Men of the Roman Republic, which were Pompey, Crassus and Cæsar.

1773 H. Chapone Lett. Improvem. Mind II. 166 The history of the Roman Republic—which continued in that form of government to the time of Julius Cesar's dictatorship.

1844 R. Hildreth Theory of Morals ii. vi. 207 The latter days of the Roman Republic, when the vast conquests of that warlike community had converted the Senators and the Equestrian order into an oligarchy of potentates.

1893 W. F. Allen Anc. Hist. II. i. 6 With the growth of the Roman republic the power of the Etruscans decayed.

1938 Metrop. Mus. Art. Bull. 33 185 (caption) Gold coins of the Roman Republic and Roman Empire.

1991 C. Paglia in Sex, Art, & Amer. Culture (1992) 75 [Cleopatra] was pivotal in one of the great turning points in Western history, when the Roman Republic shifted into Empire.

2. The republican state established in central Italy in February 1849 after a series of insurrections and the abolition of the Pope's temporal sovereignty over the Papal States, and dissolved in July of the same year, following intervention by French troops to restore papal rule. Now historical.In quot. 1848 not a fixed collocation.

ΚΠ

1848 Manch. Guardian 9 Dec. 7/2 The idea..of establishing a Roman republic will necessarily alarm all European powers.

1849 Times 20 Feb. 6/3 The Roman Republic shall maintain with the rest of Italy relations required by a common nationality.

1849 Friends' Rev. 2 June 592/1 It seems highly probable that the French nation will not sustain their rulers in forcibly overthrowing the Roman Republic.

1896 E. W. Latimer Italy in 19th Cent. ii. 57 The Commandant at Civita Vecchia openly expressed his suspicion that the object of the French was to restore the Pope and to destroy the Roman Republic.

1916 M. O. Davis Polit. Hist. France 1789–1910 viii. 121 Louis Napoleon interfered with French troops in favour of the Pope. The Roman Republic was overthrown and Pius IX was restored (June 30, 1849).

1983 C. T. McIntire Eng. against Papacy, 1858–61 i. 29 The English government..did not object to the use of French troops to put down the Roman Republic under Mazzini.

2000 Internat. Herald Tribune (Nexis) 30 Dec. 7 Garibaldi's desperate defense of the city against the onslaught of the French artillery, cavalry and infantry dispatched to strangle the nascent Roman Republic at birth and restore the papal status quo.

This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	roman republic
释义	Roman Republicn. Brit. /ˌrəʊmən rᵻˈpʌblɪk/, U.S. /ˌroʊmən rəˈpəblɪk/, /ˌroʊmən riˈpəblɪk/ Forms: see Roman n.¹ and adj.¹ and republic n. Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: Roman adj.¹, republic n. Etymology: < Roman adj.¹ + republic n. With sense 1 compare post-classical Latin respublica Romana (4th cent.; also Romana respublica (5th cent.)), French république romaine (1558 in Middle French as republique romaine ), Spanish república romana (late 14th cent.), Italian repubblica romana (14th cent.; compare repubblica di Roma (a1292)). With sense 2 compare Italian Repubblica romana (February 1849 in this sense; now historical). 1. historical. The ancient Roman state, governed by an elected Senate and dating from the expulsion of the Etruscan monarchs in 510 b.c. until the assumption of power by Augustus in 27 b.c. and the subsequent transition into an imperial state (cf. Roman Empire n. 1). ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > territorial jurisdiction or areas subject to > [noun] > aggregate of sovereign states under one rule > the Roman Empire Romanyc1330 Roman Empire?a1475 Roman Republic1625 Romandom1854 1625 P. Heylyn Μικρόκοσμος (rev. ed.) 225 In this town was the meeting of three great Captaines, Pompey, Cæsar, and Crassus; so pernicious to the Roman Republicke. 1696 Seasonable & Modest Thoughts 22 Many times [the Romans] admitted those [people] they had subdued, to a Share and Participation of all the Privileges of Rome, and of the Roman Republick. 1711 tr. L. Bordelon Hist. Ridiculous Extravagancies Monsieur Oufle xix. 127 The three greatest Men of the Roman Republic, which were Pompey, Crassus and Cæsar. 1773 H. Chapone Lett. Improvem. Mind II. 166 The history of the Roman Republic—which continued in that form of government to the time of Julius Cesar's dictatorship. 1844 R. Hildreth Theory of Morals ii. vi. 207 The latter days of the Roman Republic, when the vast conquests of that warlike community had converted the Senators and the Equestrian order into an oligarchy of potentates. 1893 W. F. Allen Anc. Hist. II. i. 6 With the growth of the Roman republic the power of the Etruscans decayed. 1938 Metrop. Mus. Art. Bull. 33 185 (caption) Gold coins of the Roman Republic and Roman Empire. 1991 C. Paglia in Sex, Art, & Amer. Culture (1992) 75 [Cleopatra] was pivotal in one of the great turning points in Western history, when the Roman Republic shifted into Empire. 2. The republican state established in central Italy in February 1849 after a series of insurrections and the abolition of the Pope's temporal sovereignty over the Papal States, and dissolved in July of the same year, following intervention by French troops to restore papal rule. Now historical.In quot. 1848 not a fixed collocation. ΚΠ 1848 Manch. Guardian 9 Dec. 7/2 The idea..of establishing a Roman republic will necessarily alarm all European powers. 1849 Times 20 Feb. 6/3 The Roman Republic shall maintain with the rest of Italy relations required by a common nationality. 1849 Friends' Rev. 2 June 592/1 It seems highly probable that the French nation will not sustain their rulers in forcibly overthrowing the Roman Republic. 1896 E. W. Latimer Italy in 19th Cent. ii. 57 The Commandant at Civita Vecchia openly expressed his suspicion that the object of the French was to restore the Pope and to destroy the Roman Republic. 1916 M. O. Davis Polit. Hist. France 1789–1910 viii. 121 Louis Napoleon interfered with French troops in favour of the Pope. The Roman Republic was overthrown and Pius IX was restored (June 30, 1849). 1983 C. T. McIntire Eng. against Papacy, 1858–61 i. 29 The English government..did not object to the use of French troops to put down the Roman Republic under Mazzini. 2000 Internat. Herald Tribune (Nexis) 30 Dec. 7 Garibaldi's desperate defense of the city against the onslaught of the French artillery, cavalry and infantry dispatched to strangle the nascent Roman Republic at birth and restore the papal status quo. This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1625
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