rivenadj.

Brit.

/ˈrɪvn/, U.S.

/ˈrɪv(ə)n/

Forms:

α. Middle English rivyn, Middle English ryffen (northern), Middle English–1600s riuen, Middle English–1600s ryuen, Middle English–1600s ryven, 1600s rivin, 1600s riv'n, 1600s– riven; English regional (northern) 1800s– rivven, 1900s– reaven; Scottish pre-1700 riffin, pre-1700 riffyne, pre-1700 rifin, pre-1700 rifyn, pre-1700 riuen, pre-1700 rivin, pre-1700 riwen, pre-1700 ryvin, pre-1700 rywen, pre-1700 rywin, pre-1700 rywine, pre-1700 rywyn, pre-1700 1700s– riven, 1900s– rivvan (Orkney); N.E.D. (1909) also records a form Middle English riven.

β. late Middle English reuene, late Middle English–1500s reuen, late Middle English–1500s revyn, 1500s reven; Scottish pre-1700 reaven, pre-1700 reiffin, pre-1700 reiuen, pre-1700 reiven, pre-1700 reuen, pre-1700 reuin, pre-1700 revin, pre-1700 revyn, pre-1700 rewin, pre-1700 rewine, pre-1700 rewing, pre-1700 rewyn, pre-1700 rewyne, pre-1700 reyuen.

Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymons: English riven , rive v.¹

Etymology: < riven, past participle of rive v.¹

1. regional and literary.

a. Torn, rent; split, cloven; cracked.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > breaking or cracking > [adjective] > broken > split, cleft, or cracked

rivena1325

crazeda1400

cracked1503

rifty1547

slived1548

rived1581

crazen1596

sprung1597

rifted1602

sliftered1602

flawed1639

chinky1645

slaven1688

sliven1688

cracky1725

reft1763

a1325 (c1300) Chron. P. de Langtoft (Cambr.) (1839) 307 (MED) Sum es left na thing Boute his rivyn riveling to hippe thar-hinne.

c1440 in C. Horstmann Yorkshire Writers (1895) I. 318 (MED) Þay putt þe mede of þaire gud dede in a reuene sekke.

a1450 in R. L. Greene Early Eng. Carols (1935) 271 (MED) Quan I cum fro the plow at non, In a reuen dych myn mete is don.

1457 in J. Raine Fabric Rolls York Minster (1859) 69 (MED) Pro c long revyn burdes.

a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1897–1973) 13 (MED) Had I giffen away my goode, then myght I go with a ryffen hood.

1563 N. Winȝet Wks. (S.T.S.) I. 114 Auld and reuin ornamentis.

1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. viii. sig. G7 Through riuen cloudes and molten firmament.

1619 T. Taylor Αρχὴν Ἁπάντων: Comm. Epist. Paul to Titus (new ed.) ii. 14 We may not, like riuen vessels, let this doctrine slip.

1625 S. Purchas Pilgrimes II. ix. xix. 1657 If a dish happen to be a little riuen or crackt, they eate no more in it.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost vi. 449 He stood..Sore toild, his riv'n Armes to havoc hewn.

1720 A. Pope tr. Homer Iliad V. xx. 328 O'er him high the riven Targe extends.

1785 W. Cowper Task iv. 444 The well-stack'd pile of riven logs and roots.

1816 P. B. Shelley Alastor 24 The little boat..pausing on the edge of the riven wave.

1877 W. Black Green Pastures xxxvii A series of majestic peaks, their riven sides sparkling with sunlit snows.

1933 ‘L. G. Gibbon’ Cloud Howe iii. 179 The blood began to freeze round the shaft that was stuck so deep in his riven belly.

1953 Manch. Guardian Weekly 1 Oct. 2 She swayed like a riven oak over her failure to compete with ‘powder and store-bought hair’.

2006 Dunoon Observer & Argyllshire Standard 7 July 7/3 (advt.) Special offers on rotunda circular paving and on all riven and cobbled slabs!!

b. figurative. Broken; divided; split into opposing sides.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > suffering > mental anguish or torment > [adjective]

anguishousc1325

wounded1390

cruciate?1504

agoniousa1513

tormented1552

rivena1560

anguished1570

wracked1581

spur-galled1608

excruciatea1615

over-grieved1618

wrung1730

smarting1754

excruciated1792

cardialgic1811

lacerated1849

a1560 Fifteen Ois 282 in J. A. W. Bennett Devotional Pieces (1955) 179 O Iesu Christ..With body rent and revin hert.

1817 P. B. Shelley Laon & Cythna iii. xxii. 68 The caverns dreary..Of the riven soul.

1849 D. M. Mulock Ogilvies xxxvi To cast out from his riven heart the very ashes of this bitter love.

1920 R. Dawson Red Terror & Green ii. 11 Mr. Parnell had fallen, leaving behind him a riven party, distracted by jealousies and dissensions.

1972 J. Aiken Butterfly Picnic v. 100 I felt a great sympathy for this poor riven, driven fellow.

1999 D. Cannadine Rise & Fall of Class in Brit. iii. 87 The image of Ireland as a riven society was no less misleading.

†2. Of clothing: ornamentally slashed. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > [adjective] > having specific parts > ornamented or trimmed > cut or slashed

taggedc1380

daggedc1386

slita1387

rivenc1400

jaggedc1440

cut1480

voided1548

razed1552

raced1576

slashed1633

c1400 Bk. to Mother (Bodl.) 123 Þei haue..a þicke, ryuen, lesinge abite..and a mantel treilinge aftur hem.

1437 Inventory in Sussex Archaeol. Coll. (1890) 37 173 A gowne of blak velvet fourred with gray with ryven slyves.

a1506 in F. W. Fairholt Satirical Songs & Poems on Costume (1849) 65 So many ryven shertes,..And so many lewed clerkes, Say I never.

1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VIII f. lvii^v One Shynynge, Mayre of Rochester, set a young man on the Pillory for wering of a ryuen shert.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	riven
释义	rivenadj. Brit. /ˈrɪvn/, U.S. /ˈrɪv(ə)n/ Forms: α. Middle English rivyn, Middle English ryffen (northern), Middle English–1600s riuen, Middle English–1600s ryuen, Middle English–1600s ryven, 1600s rivin, 1600s riv'n, 1600s– riven; English regional (northern) 1800s– rivven, 1900s– reaven; Scottish pre-1700 riffin, pre-1700 riffyne, pre-1700 rifin, pre-1700 rifyn, pre-1700 riuen, pre-1700 rivin, pre-1700 riwen, pre-1700 ryvin, pre-1700 rywen, pre-1700 rywin, pre-1700 rywine, pre-1700 rywyn, pre-1700 1700s– riven, 1900s– rivvan (Orkney); N.E.D. (1909) also records a form Middle English riven. β. late Middle English reuene, late Middle English–1500s reuen, late Middle English–1500s revyn, 1500s reven; Scottish pre-1700 reaven, pre-1700 reiffin, pre-1700 reiuen, pre-1700 reiven, pre-1700 reuen, pre-1700 reuin, pre-1700 revin, pre-1700 revyn, pre-1700 rewin, pre-1700 rewine, pre-1700 rewing, pre-1700 rewyn, pre-1700 rewyne, pre-1700 reyuen. Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymons: English riven , rive v.¹ Etymology: < riven, past participle of rive v.¹ 1. regional and literary. a. Torn, rent; split, cloven; cracked. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > breaking or cracking > [adjective] > broken > split, cleft, or cracked rivena1325 crazeda1400 cracked1503 rifty1547 slived1548 rived1581 crazen1596 sprung1597 rifted1602 sliftered1602 flawed1639 chinky1645 slaven1688 sliven1688 cracky1725 reft1763 a1325 (c1300) Chron. P. de Langtoft (Cambr.) (1839) 307 (MED) Sum es left na thing Boute his rivyn riveling to hippe thar-hinne. c1440 in C. Horstmann Yorkshire Writers (1895) I. 318 (MED) Þay putt þe mede of þaire gud dede in a reuene sekke. a1450 in R. L. Greene Early Eng. Carols (1935) 271 (MED) Quan I cum fro the plow at non, In a reuen dych myn mete is don. 1457 in J. Raine Fabric Rolls York Minster (1859) 69 (MED) Pro c long revyn burdes. a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1897–1973) 13 (MED) Had I giffen away my goode, then myght I go with a ryffen hood. 1563 N. Winȝet Wks. (S.T.S.) I. 114 Auld and reuin ornamentis. 1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. viii. sig. G7 Through riuen cloudes and molten firmament. 1619 T. Taylor Αρχὴν Ἁπάντων: Comm. Epist. Paul to Titus (new ed.) ii. 14 We may not, like riuen vessels, let this doctrine slip. 1625 S. Purchas Pilgrimes II. ix. xix. 1657 If a dish happen to be a little riuen or crackt, they eate no more in it. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost vi. 449 He stood..Sore toild, his riv'n Armes to havoc hewn. View more context for this quotation 1720 A. Pope tr. Homer Iliad V. xx. 328 O'er him high the riven Targe extends. 1785 W. Cowper Task iv. 444 The well-stack'd pile of riven logs and roots. 1816 P. B. Shelley Alastor 24 The little boat..pausing on the edge of the riven wave. 1877 W. Black Green Pastures xxxvii A series of majestic peaks, their riven sides sparkling with sunlit snows. 1933 ‘L. G. Gibbon’ Cloud Howe iii. 179 The blood began to freeze round the shaft that was stuck so deep in his riven belly. 1953 Manch. Guardian Weekly 1 Oct. 2 She swayed like a riven oak over her failure to compete with ‘powder and store-bought hair’. 2006 Dunoon Observer & Argyllshire Standard 7 July 7/3 (advt.) Special offers on rotunda circular paving and on all riven and cobbled slabs!! b. figurative. Broken; divided; split into opposing sides. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > mental anguish or torment > [adjective] anguishousc1325 wounded1390 cruciate?1504 agoniousa1513 tormented1552 rivena1560 anguished1570 wracked1581 spur-galled1608 excruciatea1615 over-grieved1618 wrung1730 smarting1754 excruciated1792 cardialgic1811 lacerated1849 a1560 Fifteen Ois 282 in J. A. W. Bennett Devotional Pieces (1955) 179 O Iesu Christ..With body rent and revin hert. 1817 P. B. Shelley Laon & Cythna iii. xxii. 68 The caverns dreary..Of the riven soul. 1849 D. M. Mulock Ogilvies xxxvi To cast out from his riven heart the very ashes of this bitter love. 1920 R. Dawson Red Terror & Green ii. 11 Mr. Parnell had fallen, leaving behind him a riven party, distracted by jealousies and dissensions. 1972 J. Aiken Butterfly Picnic v. 100 I felt a great sympathy for this poor riven, driven fellow. 1999 D. Cannadine Rise & Fall of Class in Brit. iii. 87 The image of Ireland as a riven society was no less misleading. †2. Of clothing: ornamentally slashed. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > [adjective] > having specific parts > ornamented or trimmed > cut or slashed taggedc1380 daggedc1386 slita1387 rivenc1400 jaggedc1440 cut1480 voided1548 razed1552 raced1576 slashed1633 c1400 Bk. to Mother (Bodl.) 123 Þei haue..a þicke, ryuen, lesinge abite..and a mantel treilinge aftur hem. 1437 Inventory in Sussex Archaeol. Coll. (1890) 37 173 A gowne of blak velvet fourred with gray with ryven slyves. a1506 in F. W. Fairholt Satirical Songs & Poems on Costume (1849) 65 So many ryven shertes,..And so many lewed clerkes, Say I never. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VIII f. lvii^v One Shynynge, Mayre of Rochester, set a young man on the Pillory for wering of a ryuen shert. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.a1325
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