risern.
/ˈrʌɪzə/, U.S. /ˈraɪzər/ I. A person who or animal which rises.† 1. With of. A person who stirs up revolt, or incites others to revolt. Obsolete.† 2. A person who rises up in revolt, a rebel. Obsolete.† 4. A person who attains a position of higher social rank or status, esp. by unscrupulous methods. Obsolete. rare.† 5. A person who rises from death. Obsolete.
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the mind > will > motivation > [noun] > incitement or instigation > one who incites or instigates
prickera1382
stirrerc1384
enticerc1386
exciter1387
risera1398
solicitor1412
erterc1440
prompter1440
stirrer?1533
motionerc1535
author1546
onsetter1549
stinger1552
setter-on1560
incentor1570
incensora1575
mover1578
whetter1579
out-hounder1596
hounder1597
egger on1598
inciter1598
instigator1598
urger1598
motive1600
fomenter1607
inflamer1609
fetcher in?1611
provokera1616
putter-ona1616
monitor1616
spurrer1632
outputter1639
poddera1640
commoter1646
impulsor1653
shaker and mover1874
agent provocateur1888
impeller1889
sooler1935
spark plug1941
a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 191 Þe men ben..godelyche to many and greuous to no men but when þey moote nedes withstonde wrongful rysers [L. insolentie] of enemyes.
a1450 (a1397) Prol. Old Test. (Harl. 1666) in Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (1850) 33 Prelatis and summe lordis sclaundren men and clepen hem lollardis, eretikis, and riseris of debate and of tresoun aȝens the king.
a1450 ( tr. Vegetius De Re Militari (Douce) f. 55v (MED) Þe duke..him nediþ to sette good..aspies..to wite ȝif þer be eny stryf or makeres of debate or eny riseres of companyes aȝeinst hir cheuenteynes.
1582 S. Batman Vppon Bartholome, De Proprietatibus Rerum iii. xv. 243 Grevous to no men, but when they must needes withstand wrongfull risers of enemies.
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society > authority > lack of subjection > rebelliousness > insurrection > [noun] > insurgent
inriser1382
rebeller1398
riser1422
rebelc1425
rebelliona1460
rioter1543
revolter1576
outbreakerc1650
upriser1656
surgent1657
insurrector1667
insurrectionera1734
insurgent1766
insurrectionist1845
reb1861
insurrectionary1893
insurrecto1907
1422 in R. W. Chambers & M. Daunt Bk. London Eng. (1931) 303 (MED) A writ shulde be sent to þe Shiref of Somerset to Receyue þees Rysers abouesaid and to doo kepe surely in þe kynges prison.
c1450 (c1425) Brut (Cambr. Kk.1.12) 370 (MED) A Squier of Walis þat was a rebell & a ryser..was take & brouȝt to London.
a1475 J. Fortescue Governance of Eng. (Laud) (1885) 125 (MED) The kynge shall often tymes sende his comissioners..and also his juges, to represse and punysh riatours and risers.
a1500 (c1410) Dives & Pauper (Hunterian) (1976) i. 251 (MED) Þe prelatis of holy chirche..mon nout chastisen þeuys, manqwelleris, lechouris, rebellys, & ryseris.
1597 State Papers, Dom. 1595–7, 343 The risers were persuaded to go home.
1655 in C. H. Firth Clarke Papers (1899) III. 38 The late Commission for tryall of the Northern Risers.
1693 J. Tyrrell Bibliotheca Politica (1694) ix. 673 I cannot see how you can, even upon your Principles defend the late risers from wilful Rebellion against the King.
3. With modifying word. A person who habitually gets up from sleep or rest at an early (also good, †timely) or late hour of the morning. Also in extended use.
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the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > upward movement > [noun] > one who or that which
ariser1382
risera1500
mounter1581
ascendant1593
ascender1623
assurgent1791
soarer1852
the world > physical sensation > sleeping and waking > sleep > bed related to sleep or rest > [noun] > one who gets up or rises
risera1500
a1500 (a1450) Partonope of Blois (BL Add.) (1912) l. 11325 (MED) How may þis be That so yerly arisere [read a risere] becomen are ye?
1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry i. f. 14v This must cheefely be looked vnto..that the Bailiffe be a good riser.
1580 C. Hollyband Treasurie French Tong Homme qui est matineux, an early riser.
1612 T. Shelton tr. M. de Cervantes Don-Quixote: Pt. 1 i. i He was an early riser, and a great friend of hunting.
1659 T. Fuller Appeal Iniured Innocence i. 26 Christianity in this Island, being a Timely riser, to be up so soon..whilest as yet (and many years after) most Countreys were fast asleep in Pugan Impiety.
1762 A. Fisher Pract. New Gram. 124 Irony... He is an early (meaning a late) Riser.
1775 W. Donaldson Agric. i. 8 He was an early riser, and by imbibing the fragrance of the morning air, he preserved the bloom of health.
1811 H. Card Beauford I. v. 98 Constitutionally inclined to laziness, I am a very late riser in general.
1879 J. Lubbock Sci. Lect. ii. 41 Bees..are very early risers, while ants come out later, when the dew is off.
1913 Auk 30 235 The Crow is not a late riser, and neither are the Warblers as a family.
1922 ‘R. West’ Judge ii. vii. 400 ‘Is Richard a good riser?’.. ‘Usually, but he may be late to-day.’
1953 A. Hosain Phoenix Fled 48 He was a very early riser, and his first reaction was of shock and fear that he was late for work.
1989 P. D. James Devices & Desires xxxvii. 275 It was an early hour to telephone, and he knew that his mother-in-law...was a late riser.
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the world > action or operation > prosperity > advancement or progress > [noun] > rise in prosperity, power, or rank > one who is rising in rank or prosperity
riser1574
up-and-comer1944
1574 W. Baldwin et al. Last Pt. Mirour for Magistrates (new ed.) f. 104 v So hath the ryser fowle no staye from fall, No not of those that raysd him first of all.
1592 W. Wyrley True Vse Armorie 14 It is a very vsuall matter for euery new Riser at this day..to vsurp the same.
1640 E. Buckler Buckler against Fear Death sig. D8v Whose heart so adamantine but would weep Sad crimson drops to think upon some risers? Lord, what a wicked shuffling they do keep To lift themselves! Some-have been sacrificers Of their fathers, brothers, friends.
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the world > life > source or principle of life > resurrection or revival > [noun] > one who is
risera1631
resurgent1763
resuscitate1814
mossback1876
resurrect1892
a1631 J. Donne Serm. (1953) VI. 64 The first Rising, is the first Riser, Christ Jesus.
1649 Several Speeches Duke Hamilton, et al. 14 Blessed and holy is he that has part..in the first resurrection; that is, in the first riser Jesus Christ.
1835 W. Allen Psalms & Hymns 649 With Thee, first Riser from the dead.
6. A fish that rises to the surface of the water for food or esp. to an angler's fly or bait.
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the world > food and drink > hunting > fishing > fish to be caught or as catch > [noun] > that rises or tails
riser1872
tailer1899
1872 F. Francis Bk. Angling (ed. 3) v. 156 They..are..much freer and bolder risers.
1882 J. A. Lees & W. J. Clutterbuck Three in Norway 123 All the fish, to whichever class of risers they might belong.
1920 L. St. John Pract. Fly Fishing 116 The rock bass is a willing riser to the fly.
1956 Times 7 July 8/5 Such risers often miss the fly and it is a good thing then simply to leave it motionless and sinking.
1991 Fly Rod & Reel July 58/3 He was contentedly working the little risers when he saw this trout of all trout roll, up in the head of the pool.
II. A thing which rises.† 8. Printing. Wooden or metal blocks on which stereotype and other plates are fastened. Obsolete.† 9. Coal Mining. British regional. A fault that has shifted coal upwards above the level of a worked seam; an upward dislocation of a seam. Obsolete.
7.
a. The upright part of a step; the vertical piece connecting two treads in a stair. Cf. rise n. 2c.
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society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > stairs > [noun] > step > riser
riser1556
raiser1679
rise1711
1556 in Proc. Suffolk Inst. Arch. (1939) 23 145 Nayles for the rysours.
1665 R. Pratt Note-bk. in R. T. Gunther Archit. Sir R. Pratt (1928) 242 For each step both riser and treader [etc.].
1703 R. Neve City & Countrey Purchaser 61 The Ichnography, Orthography, and Scenography of the Stair-case, may also be delineated, and all its parts, as Hand Rail, Risers, Noseing of the cover [etc.].
?1768–9 Encycl. Brit. (1771) I. 360/2 The manner of dove-tailing the riser into the step.
1825 ‘J. Nicholson’ Operative Mechanic 595 Divide the rod into as many equal parts as there are to be risers.
1858 Skyring's Builders' Prices 53 To measure stairs, take one step and riser the extreme width by the length.
1885 E. S. Morse Japanese Homes (1886) iv. 197 The front of the step is open,—that is, there is no riser.
1944 E. E. Haycraft in R. Greenhalgh Pract. Builder v. 223/2 The lower edges of the risers are seldom tongued into the treads.
1994 Toronto Star 25 June (Metro ed.) h11/4 Spread the carpet pile apart over the riser and drive the nail straight down through the carpet and tread into the riser.
b. A block, platform, or other supporting structure used to keep something in an elevated position.
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the world > space > relative position > support > [noun] > that which supports > supporting blocks
riser1800
blocking1823
block-
1800 Rules of Work Carpenters Boston 24 Plain risers and returns for seats.
1874 W. Kemmis Treat. Mil. Carriages ii. iv. 44 The projectiles, 18 in each box, stand in trays of beech supported on risers.
1907 Proc. Amer. Railway Engin. Assoc. 8 591 Mr. McDonald:—I ask if it is practicable to maintain the switch point a quarter of an inch above the stock rail... Mr. Camp:—This is done by a riser.
1979 Billboard 28 Apr. 15/1 The custom made transparent plastic cubes can be pyramided on risers to provide isle or row end shopping displays.
2002 L. Cobb Queen of Clean conquers Clutter xi. 100 Still need more space under the bed? Consider bed risers. These are plastic risers that hold the wheels of the bed frame and raise the bed up 6 or 7 inches.
c. The top bar of a stile. English regional. rare.
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1894 R. D. Blackmore Perlycross I. xi. 157 I swore that I would slash off any hand, that was laid on the edge of the riser.
d. Geomorphology. Each of the steeply sloping parts of a glacial stairway or similar stepped landform.
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the world > the earth > land > landscape > high land > ledge or terrace > [noun] > tread or riser
tread1904
riser1911
1911 W. H. Hobbs Characteristics Existing Glaciers 61 The tendency of these processes [sc. abrasion and plucking] working together will be to produce steps of flat tread but steep riser.
1930 F. E. Matthes Geol. Hist. Yosemite Valley 95/2 All the other steps in the upper Merced Canyon have risers and sills composed of very sparingly jointed or wholly massive rock.
1975 C. Taylor Fields in Eng. Landscape iv. 90 The most characteristic features of strip lynchets are usually their steep risers, sometimes of considerable height.
2006 D. S. Gilligan Years Mountains 115 Atop the riser is a Little Ice Age moraine composed of freshly hewn, angular rocks.
e. The forward vertical face of the heel of a boot or shoe. rare.
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the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > footwear > parts of footwear > [noun] > heel > parts of
lift1677
heeltap1688
heel piece1841
top lift1842
heel lift1844
heel brace1859
heel breast1873
riser1928
1928 Scribner's Mag. Mar. 329/2 [He] examined them carefully, comparing the measurements and fitting the rough patterns to the soles. Finally, the captain took one of them to the window, and..studied the riser of the heel.
f. An elevated section on a stage; a low platform used to give greater prominence to a speaker, performer, etc. Also (in plural): a graduated series of such platforms.
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society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > the theatre or the stage > a theatre > stage > [noun] > platform
podium1899
rostrum1907
riser1945
society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > the theatre or the stage > a theatre > auditorium > [noun] > seat or place > types of seat
pigeonhole1732
box seat1779
stall1828
orchestra seat1843
orchestra stall1849
fauteuil1859
sofa stall1862
stall seat1920
house seat1927
riser1945
1945 M. T. Krone Chorus & its Conductor ii. 32 Have the choir seated or stand on risers so that each row sings over the tops of the heads of the row in front of it.
1961 A. Berkman Singers' Gloss. Show Business Jargon 75 Risers, platforms made of wood or metal, used on stages or in recording studios for the purpose of raising certain sections of the orchestra.
1977 Chicago Tribune 2 Oct. vi. 8/2 Many older halls..have seating behind the orchestra. Mainly, they are intended, like the risers in Chicago's Orchestra Hall, to hold a chorus.
1984 Guardian 29 Oct. 28/7 The positioning of the riser is a work of art. It is normally arranged to show the President at the best angles and in the most flattering light.
2006 Vanity Fair (N.Y.) Aug. 146/1 [She] shuttles between a piano perched on risers at the far end of stage left and a stool at center stage where she plays guitar.
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society > communication > printing > types, blocks, or plates > blocks, plates, or transfers > [noun] > stereotype plates > block for mounting
riser1818
stereotype-block1859
1818 Lit. Panorama July 639 Another improvement, worthy of attention, is the Patent Stereotype-Plate Riser. The Patent embraces some material improvements in the mode of blocking, or mounting Stereotype Plates to the necessary height for printing.
1821 J. Fergusson Brit. Patent 4594 In the process of printing from stereotype plates the plates are put upon and fastened to certain materials or apparatus called by different names, such as blocks, matrix plates, risers, &c., which are made either of iron, brass, type metal,..gypsum, wood [etc.].
1841 W. Savage Dict. Art of Printing 702 Risers, the material upon which stereotype plates are fixed, in order to be printed.
1885 C. G. W. Lock Workshop Receipts 4th Ser. 223/2 It is a matter of convenience to cast the ‘risers’ or movable blocks for mounting plates, on the premises.
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1846 W. E. Brockett J. T. Brockett's Gloss. North Country Words (ed. 3) II. 99 Riser, a trouble or dislocation; the coal being so affected as to be above the level at which the seam is working.
1883 W. S. Gresley Gloss. Terms Coal Mining Riser, an upthrow fault.
10. Founding. A narrow vertical passage in a mould into which molten metal can rise as the mould is filled, forming a supply which flows back into it as the metal within contracts on cooling.
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society > occupation and work > equipment > metalworking equipment > [noun] > casting equipment > mould > hole for pouring in metal > part in which metal rises
riser1873
1873 Van Nostrand's Eclectic Engin. Mag. 8 473/1 The mould was filled to the top of the risers, the iron entering simultaneously at 12 equidistant points.
1883 Manufacturer & Builder Sept. 216/3 Perhaps there may be some other imperfection in the preparation of the mold, the location of the riser, etc.
1950 Times Rev. Industry Sept. 16/2 (advt.) Risers act as reservoirs of molten metal to compensate for liquid shrinkage.
2002 Materials & Design 23 481/1 Thermocouples were located at an interval of 25 mm from the chill end to the riser end.
11.
a. A vertical pipe for carrying a fluid upwards; spec. (a) one carrying water or steam from one floor to another in a building; (b) one extending from an offshore drilling or production platform to the seabed, through which drilling may be done or oil or gas may flow.
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the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > heating or making hot > that which or one who heats > [noun] > a device for heating or warming > duct or pipe conveying heat
sidewaya1387
caliduct1624
floor-pipe1691
stovepipe1691
trill1707
flue1715
hot-water pipe1744
riser1876
flow-pipe1904
society > occupation and work > equipment > conveyor > [noun] > conduit, channel, or tube > pipe > other types of pipe
swan-pen1426
service pipe1718
standpipe1728
service1786
jet pipe1795
safety tube1803
gas pipe1807
outlet pipe1837
pipette1839
downpipe1846
nipple1863
downcomer1868
downcome1872
wyea1877
benda1884
Y brancha1884
gas line1887
sparge pipe1910
riser1962
marine riser1972
1876 Biennial Rep. Trustees Michigan Inst. Deaf & Dumb, & Blind 1875–6 8 From these supply pipes in the sub-basement, perpendicular pipes, called technically ‘risers’, extend up through the side walls.
1906 Internat. Libr. Technol.: Steam Generation, Pipe-fitting Tools 19 On heating plans, the pipe fitter should give each riser a number by which to identify it.
1941 Nature 15 Mar. 315/1 The tall ‘risers’, that is, vertical 5-in pipes which convey the water up to the projector nozzles, are spaced throughout the plantation as required.
1962 Design of Deep Ocean Drilling Ship (National Acad. Sci.-National Res. Council (U.S.)) 3 The ship will carry sufficient mud for circulation if a riser pipe is used, or for occasional use as ‘slugs’ without a riser.
2003 G. Nash Renovating Old Houses 356/1 Compression-ring fittings are the most common joint for toilet and lavatory supply risers.
2005 M. W. Braestrup et al. Design & Installation Marine Pipelines viii. 241 At large water depths the riser may simply be a normal pipe string, which is installed as a catenary and connected to the surface installation and to the pipeline on the seabed.
b. Building. = rising main n. (b) at rising adj. Compounds 2.
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the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > electrical power, electricity > distribution system > [noun] > cable > supplying the public > inside building
rising main1804
riser1898
1898 Engin. Rec. 26 Nov. 566/1 The grouping of risers has been made..so that the average current demand on each pair of lighting bars will be about equal.
1930 J. A. Moyer & J. F. Wostrel Industr. Electr. & Wiring v. 146 Wires and cables serving as main risers or feeders in buildings of fire-resistive construction, may be run bare..under special conditions.
1967 G. A. T. Burdett Electr. Installations 36 Especially suitable for short runs and for individual risers from a main distribution board on the ground floor.
2001 J. L. Beard et al. Design-build iii. 46/1 Need minimal spare capacity in risers and ducts, and in horizontal cable routes.
12. = staircase lock n. at staircase n. Additions.
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the world > the earth > water > body of water > channel of water > [noun] > navigable waterway > canal > lock or chamber > types of lock
sidelock1761
tide-lock1808
weigh-lock1834
sea-lock1839
tail-lock1907
riser1908
1908 Automotor Jrnl. 29 Feb. 291/2 Staircase locks..are sometimes called, ‘risers’.
1998 Waterways World May 40/1 A lock staircase, or riser, is defined as two, or more, adjacent locks where the upper gates of one lock serve as the lower gates of the next.
13. = lift-web n. at lift n.2 Compounds 2.
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society > travel > air or space travel > a means of conveyance through the air > parachute > [noun] > harness or web
rigging1921
riser1927
shroud line1929
lift-web1942
shroud1942
harness1951
1927 C. A. Lindbergh ‘We’ viii. 140 I left the ship head first and was falling in this position when the risers whipped me around into an upright position and the chute opened.
1955 S. Wilson Man in Gray Flannel Suit xii. 101 Tom had twisted, working the risers of his parachute with all the strength of his wrists.
1976 L. Sanders Hamlet Warning (1977) xxix. 277 He pulled the ring, saw the silk deploy... He fought the risers, stopping his oscillation.
14. Sport. A bowled ball that rises sharply on pitching.
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society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > cricket > bowling > [noun] > a ball bowled > types of delivery or ball
full toss1826
long hop1830
twister1832
bail ball1833
bailer1833
grubber1837
slow ball1838
wide1838
ground ball1839
shooter1843
slower ball1846
twiddler1847
creeper1848
lob1851
sneak1851
sneaker1851
slow1854
bumper1855
teaser1856
daisy-cutter1857
popper1857
yorker1861
sharpshooter1863
headball1866
screwball1866
underhand1866
skimmerc1868
grub1870
ramrod1870
raymonder1870
round-armer1871
grass cutter1876
short pitch1877
leg break1878
lob ball1880
off-break1883
donkey-drop1888
tice1888
fast break1889
leg-breaker1892
kicker1894
spinner1895
wrong 'un1897
googly1903
fizzer1904
dolly1906
short ball1911
wrong 'un1911
bosie1912
bouncer1913
flyer1913
percher1913
finger-spinner1920
inswinger1920
outswinger1920
swinger1920
off-spinner1924
away swinger1925
Chinaman1929
overspinner1930
tweaker1938
riser1944
leg-cutter1949
seamer1952
leggy1954
off-cutter1955
squatter1955
flipper1959
lifter1959
cutter1960
beamer1961
loosener1962
doosra1999
1944 P. Warner Let. 15 Aug. in M. Williams Way to Lord's (1983) ix. 175 Ernest Jones every now and again bowled what may be called ‘a quick riser’.
1955 Times 5 July 4/4 Shackleton could not draw away quickly enough from a riser from James and was acrobatically caught in the slips.
1991 Sports Illustr. 3 June 65/2 Boyd's pitching repertoire includes four kinds of fastballs (a sinker, a riser, one that's cut and one that tails).
15. Stock Market. A company, industry, etc., whose shares have increased in price or value on the stock market. Cf. faller n. 1b.In earliest use, with modifying word fast.
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1961 N.Y. Times 17 May (Late City ed.) 48/5 The attraction of the newly traded issues..results from the rapid rise in prices..and a desire to be in on the ‘ground floor’ of a prospective fast-riser.
1976 C. Mader & R. Hagin Dow Jones-Irwin Guide to Common Stocks xiii. 142 The New York Stock Exchange's ten largest risers and fallers typically move by 10 percent to 20 percent each day.
2015 Times 22 Aug. 52/3 Royal Mail, considered a defensive stock, was the day's only riser, gaining 7½p to 478¼p.
Compounds
riser diagram n. a diagram of the risers (sense 11b) in a building.
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1899 Trans. Amer. Soc. Mech. Engineers 20 p. xviii (List of illustrations) Commerce Realty Co. Building riser diagram.
1924 T. W. Croft Conduit Wiring iii. 68 (caption) Riser diagram of conduit wiring in a hotel building.
2003 T. B. Davis & C. A. Nelson Audel Mech. Trades Pocket Man. (ed. 4) vii. 60 The last type of architectural diagram is the riser diagram used to show how wiring goes to each floor of a building.
riser pipe n. a pipe that is a riser (sense 11a).
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society > occupation and work > equipment > oil and natural gas recovery equipment > [noun] > pipe-line > types of
oleoduct1886
riser pipe1886
trunk line1896
big inch1947
mud-line1974
1886 Steam-heating Probl. (Sanitary Engineer) 83 The Mills system patents..do not cover the right to use steam fed through a down system when in connection with a separate return riser-pipe.
1959 Drilling thru Earth's Crust (National Acad. Sci.-National Res. Council (U.S.)) 11 Currents can be measured on a continuing basis at any desired depth by instrumenting the outside of the riser pipe (the part of the casing that extends from sea bottom to surface).
1977 New Yorker 9 May 38/1 Behind the riser pipe in the bathroom Puttermesser kept weeks' worth of Sunday Times cross~word puzzles.
1980 Science 4 July 98 (caption) The large size of Explorer would permit the use of riser pipe and blowout preventers to control the hole.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2010; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
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n.a1398