Rochellen.

Brit.

/rɒˈʃɛl/,

/rəˈʃɛl/, U.S.

/rəˈʃɛl/

Forms: Middle English 1700s– Rochelle, Middle English–1600s Rochell, Middle English–1700s Rochel; also Scottish pre-1700 Ratchell, pre-1700 Ratschell.

Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Rochelle.

Etymology: < the name of La Rochelle (in English also formerly †Rochel , †Rochell ), a seaport in the Charente-Maritime department of western France. With sense 1 compare Middle French rochelle denoting the wine (c1350); with Rochelle wine at sense 1 compare Anglo-Norman and Middle French, French vin de La Rochelle (c1300 or earlier). In Rochelle salt n. (b) at sense 2a after French †sel de La Rochelle (1690 (in †sel Polychreste de La Rochelle) or earlier; now sel de Rochelle (1798 or earlier)); the salt is so named because it was first made by the French pharmacist P. Seignette in La Rochelle in the 17th cent.It is unclear whether the following quot. is to be taken as showing an earlier instance of sense 1 in a Latin context, or as showing a post-classical Latin compound with vīnum wine n.¹ as first element and the place name as second element:1391 in L. T. Smith Exped. Prussia & Holy Land Earl Derby (1894) 10 Pro lxxvj stopis vini Rochelle..xxxj s. viij d.

1. In full Rochelle wine. Wine, esp. white wine, produced in the Poitou region of western France and exported from the port of La Rochelle. Chiefly historical after 18th cent.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > wine > French wines > [noun] > other French wines

osey1381

Rochellec1400

Gasconc1460

galliac1530

Orleans1536

Cognac wine1594

frontignac1629

Languedoc1666

Pontac1674

Sillery1680

braquet1753

frontignan1756

Roussillon1772

Sancerre1787

Alsace1793

Rivesaltes1807

Muscadet1825

Monbazillac1833

vin gris1833

pelure d'oignon1843

grenache1851

Masdeu1851

Vouvray1883

Saumur1888

quinquina1899

St. Raphael1899

Jurançon1920

Minervois1928

Riquewihr1938

blanc de blancs1952

Quincy1958

Tokay wine1959

Loire1974

c1400 (?a1387) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Huntington HM 137) (1873) C. i. l. 229 (MED) Whit wyn of oseye and of gascoyne, Of þe ruele and of þe rochel wyn, þe roste to defye!

1419 Guildhall Let.-bk. in R. W. Chambers & M. Daunt Bk. London Eng. (1931) 100 (MED) Also þat fro this day forward no man..medle no manere wyn..no white wiþ rede, old with newe, hole with brokyn or corrupt, Rochel with Renyssh.

c1440 (?a1400) Morte Arthure 203 (MED) Rynisch wyne and Rochell, richere was neuer.

1533 T. More Answere Poysened Bk. iv. iv. f. clxxxv A lytell taste of holesome inough, though somewhat smale and rough rochell wyne.

?1560 Squyr Lowe Degre 760 Wyne of Greke, and muscadell, Both clare, pyment, and Rochell.

1592 R. Greene Quip for Vpstart Courtier sig. G2 If hee hath a strong Gascoigne wine,..hee can allaye it with a small Rochell wine.

1615 G. Markham Eng. Hus-wife in Countrey Contentments ii. iv There are Rochell wines, which are in pipes long and slender.

1669 W. Charleton Mysterie of Vintners in Two Disc. 197 They take a hogshead of Rochel, or Cogniak, or Nants White wine; rack it into a fresh Cask, strongly scented; then give the white Parell.

1731 P. Miller Gardeners Dict. I. at Wine They transform poor Rochel and Cogniac White-wines into Rhenish.

1843 C. Knight William Shakspere xi. 156 The early violets and white and red roses are sweet to his sense; and so is a night draught of claret or Rochelle wine.

1890 G. Saintsbury tr. P. Mérimée Chron. Reign Charles IX. xxvii. 302 Well, I only ask them for a glass of their wretched Rochelle wine, and the fools will not give it me.

1913 A. Abram Eng. Life & Manners in Later Middle Ages xi. 143 Many kinds of wine were drunk:..claret, Gascony, Rochelle, and Rhenish wines.

1967 Daily Herald (Chicago) 23 Aug. (advt.) Imported French Rochelle wines.

a1991 R. Stone Some Brit. Empiricists in Social Sci. (1997) iv. x. 282 The items are often not well-defined: thus wine is sometimes just wine, at others red wine, white wine, French wine, Anjou wine, Rochelle wine.

a. Rochelle salt n. †(a) Scottish common salt imported from La Rochelle (obsolete); (b) the crystalline salt potassium sodium tartrate tetrahydrate, used as a reagent in various processes (e.g. silvering mirrors), as a pressure-sensitive material in transducers (because of the crystals' strongly piezoelectric properties), and formerly as a laxative.Formula (potassium sodium tartrate tetrahydrate): C₄H₄O₆KNa·4H₂O.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > cleansing or expelling medicines > [noun] > purgative > mineral-based

Rochelle salt1593

white magnesia1650

magnesia1755

magnesia alba1756

Seidlitz water1784

Seidlitz powder1815

Rochelle powder1820

saline1875

liquid paraffin1884

Eno1889

parolein1892

liver salt1895

liquid petrolatum1905

Kruschen salts1925

1593 Edinb. Test. XXV. f. 106, in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue at Rat(s)chell Sevin scoir bollis greit ratchell salt.

1637 Brechin Test. V. f. 219, in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue at Rat(s)chell Fyue scoir bollis ratschell or frensche salt.

1712 J. Browne tr. P. Pomet et al. Compl. Hist. Druggs II. iii. xiii. 374/2 The Rochelle Salt is grey because of a little Earth that it carries along with it.

1764 R. James Pharmacopœia Universalis (ed. 3) iii. iv. 339/1 Sal Polychrestum de Seignette. Seignette's, or Rochelle Salt. This Salt, which has been used in Medicine for many Years, takes its Name from Mr. Seignette, a Physician of Rochelle, who invented it, and during his Life kept it a Secret.

1808 R. Reece Pract. Dict. Domest. Med. at Rheumatism Then strain, and add Rochelle, or Epsom Salt.

1888 Encycl. Brit. XXIII. 69/2 Rochelle salt..is prepared by not quite neutralizing hot solution of carbonate of soda with powdered cream of tartar.

1911 Science 18 Aug. 223/1 Six c.c. 10 per cent alkali are employed, which should best contain also five per cent. of rochelle salt.

2001 R. W. Cahn Coming of Materials Sci. vii. 274 The modern archetype of [ferroelectric crystals] is barium titanate,..although for two centuries an awkward and unstable organic crystal, Rochelle salt..held sway.

b. Rochelle powder n. U.S. (now rare) = Seidlitz powder n. at Seidlitz n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > cleansing or expelling medicines > [noun] > purgative > mineral-based

Rochelle salt1593

white magnesia1650

magnesia1755

magnesia alba1756

Seidlitz water1784

Seidlitz powder1815

Rochelle powder1820

saline1875

liquid paraffin1884

Eno1889

parolein1892

liver salt1895

liquid petrolatum1905

Kruschen salts1925

1820 Columbian Centinel 2 Dec. 4/1 Maynard & Noyes..have prepared and now offer for sale, Rochelle Powders for making Rochelle Water.

1884 J. D. Champlin Young Folks' Cycl. 574/2 Rochelle powders or Rochelle salts, taken like seidlitz powders as a medicine, consist of bicarbonate of soda in one paper and cream of tartar in another.

1938 E.B. White in New Yorker 30 July 14/2 On the evening of the 25th, Mr. Webster took a blue pill, and the following morning a Rochelle powder.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	rochelle
释义	Rochellen. Brit. /rɒˈʃɛl/, /rəˈʃɛl/, U.S. /rəˈʃɛl/ Forms: Middle English 1700s– Rochelle, Middle English–1600s Rochell, Middle English–1700s Rochel; also Scottish pre-1700 Ratchell, pre-1700 Ratschell. Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Rochelle. Etymology: < the name of La Rochelle (in English also formerly †Rochel , †Rochell ), a seaport in the Charente-Maritime department of western France. With sense 1 compare Middle French rochelle denoting the wine (c1350); with Rochelle wine at sense 1 compare Anglo-Norman and Middle French, French vin de La Rochelle (c1300 or earlier). In Rochelle salt n. (b) at sense 2a after French †sel de La Rochelle (1690 (in †sel Polychreste de La Rochelle) or earlier; now sel de Rochelle (1798 or earlier)); the salt is so named because it was first made by the French pharmacist P. Seignette in La Rochelle in the 17th cent.It is unclear whether the following quot. is to be taken as showing an earlier instance of sense 1 in a Latin context, or as showing a post-classical Latin compound with vīnum wine n.¹ as first element and the place name as second element:1391 in L. T. Smith Exped. Prussia & Holy Land Earl Derby (1894) 10 Pro lxxvj stopis vini Rochelle..xxxj s. viij d. 1. In full Rochelle wine. Wine, esp. white wine, produced in the Poitou region of western France and exported from the port of La Rochelle. Chiefly historical after 18th cent. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > wine > French wines > [noun] > other French wines osey1381 Rochellec1400 Gasconc1460 galliac1530 Orleans1536 Cognac wine1594 frontignac1629 Languedoc1666 Pontac1674 Sillery1680 braquet1753 frontignan1756 Roussillon1772 Sancerre1787 Alsace1793 Rivesaltes1807 Muscadet1825 Monbazillac1833 vin gris1833 pelure d'oignon1843 grenache1851 Masdeu1851 Vouvray1883 Saumur1888 quinquina1899 St. Raphael1899 Jurançon1920 Minervois1928 Riquewihr1938 blanc de blancs1952 Quincy1958 Tokay wine1959 Loire1974 c1400 (?a1387) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Huntington HM 137) (1873) C. i. l. 229 (MED) Whit wyn of oseye and of gascoyne, Of þe ruele and of þe rochel wyn, þe roste to defye! 1419 Guildhall Let.-bk. in R. W. Chambers & M. Daunt Bk. London Eng. (1931) 100 (MED) Also þat fro this day forward no man..medle no manere wyn..no white wiþ rede, old with newe, hole with brokyn or corrupt, Rochel with Renyssh. c1440 (?a1400) Morte Arthure 203 (MED) Rynisch wyne and Rochell, richere was neuer. 1533 T. More Answere Poysened Bk. iv. iv. f. clxxxv A lytell taste of holesome inough, though somewhat smale and rough rochell wyne. ?1560 Squyr Lowe Degre 760 Wyne of Greke, and muscadell, Both clare, pyment, and Rochell. 1592 R. Greene Quip for Vpstart Courtier sig. G2 If hee hath a strong Gascoigne wine,..hee can allaye it with a small Rochell wine. 1615 G. Markham Eng. Hus-wife in Countrey Contentments ii. iv There are Rochell wines, which are in pipes long and slender. 1669 W. Charleton Mysterie of Vintners in Two Disc. 197 They take a hogshead of Rochel, or Cogniak, or Nants White wine; rack it into a fresh Cask, strongly scented; then give the white Parell. 1731 P. Miller Gardeners Dict. I. at Wine They transform poor Rochel and Cogniac White-wines into Rhenish. 1843 C. Knight William Shakspere xi. 156 The early violets and white and red roses are sweet to his sense; and so is a night draught of claret or Rochelle wine. 1890 G. Saintsbury tr. P. Mérimée Chron. Reign Charles IX. xxvii. 302 Well, I only ask them for a glass of their wretched Rochelle wine, and the fools will not give it me. 1913 A. Abram Eng. Life & Manners in Later Middle Ages xi. 143 Many kinds of wine were drunk:..claret, Gascony, Rochelle, and Rhenish wines. 1967 Daily Herald (Chicago) 23 Aug. (advt.) Imported French Rochelle wines. a1991 R. Stone Some Brit. Empiricists in Social Sci. (1997) iv. x. 282 The items are often not well-defined: thus wine is sometimes just wine, at others red wine, white wine, French wine, Anjou wine, Rochelle wine. 2. a. Rochelle salt n. †(a) Scottish common salt imported from La Rochelle (obsolete); (b) the crystalline salt potassium sodium tartrate tetrahydrate, used as a reagent in various processes (e.g. silvering mirrors), as a pressure-sensitive material in transducers (because of the crystals' strongly piezoelectric properties), and formerly as a laxative.Formula (potassium sodium tartrate tetrahydrate): C₄H₄O₆KNa·4H₂O. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > cleansing or expelling medicines > [noun] > purgative > mineral-based Rochelle salt1593 white magnesia1650 magnesia1755 magnesia alba1756 Seidlitz water1784 Seidlitz powder1815 Rochelle powder1820 saline1875 liquid paraffin1884 Eno1889 parolein1892 liver salt1895 liquid petrolatum1905 Kruschen salts1925 1593 Edinb. Test. XXV. f. 106, in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue at Rat(s)chell Sevin scoir bollis greit ratchell salt. 1637 Brechin Test. V. f. 219, in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue at Rat(s)chell Fyue scoir bollis ratschell or frensche salt. 1712 J. Browne tr. P. Pomet et al. Compl. Hist. Druggs II. iii. xiii. 374/2 The Rochelle Salt is grey because of a little Earth that it carries along with it. 1764 R. James Pharmacopœia Universalis (ed. 3) iii. iv. 339/1 Sal Polychrestum de Seignette. Seignette's, or Rochelle Salt. This Salt, which has been used in Medicine for many Years, takes its Name from Mr. Seignette, a Physician of Rochelle, who invented it, and during his Life kept it a Secret. 1808 R. Reece Pract. Dict. Domest. Med. at Rheumatism Then strain, and add Rochelle, or Epsom Salt. 1888 Encycl. Brit. XXIII. 69/2 Rochelle salt..is prepared by not quite neutralizing hot solution of carbonate of soda with powdered cream of tartar. 1911 Science 18 Aug. 223/1 Six c.c. 10 per cent alkali are employed, which should best contain also five per cent. of rochelle salt. 2001 R. W. Cahn Coming of Materials Sci. vii. 274 The modern archetype of [ferroelectric crystals] is barium titanate,..although for two centuries an awkward and unstable organic crystal, Rochelle salt..held sway. b. Rochelle powder n. U.S. (now rare) = Seidlitz powder n. at Seidlitz n. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > cleansing or expelling medicines > [noun] > purgative > mineral-based Rochelle salt1593 white magnesia1650 magnesia1755 magnesia alba1756 Seidlitz water1784 Seidlitz powder1815 Rochelle powder1820 saline1875 liquid paraffin1884 Eno1889 parolein1892 liver salt1895 liquid petrolatum1905 Kruschen salts1925 1820 Columbian Centinel 2 Dec. 4/1 Maynard & Noyes..have prepared and now offer for sale, Rochelle Powders for making Rochelle Water. 1884 J. D. Champlin Young Folks' Cycl. 574/2 Rochelle powders or Rochelle salts, taken like seidlitz powders as a medicine, consist of bicarbonate of soda in one paper and cream of tartar in another. 1938 E.B. White in New Yorker 30 July 14/2 On the evening of the 25th, Mr. Webster took a blue pill, and the following morning a Rochelle powder. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.c1400
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