rocn.

Brit.

/rɒk/, U.S.

/rɑk/

Forms:

α. 1500s roche, 1600s roque, 1700s rock, 1700s– roc, 1700s– rokh.

β. 1500s–1600s ruck, 1500s–1600s rucke, 1500s–1700s ruc, 1500s– ruch, 1600s rucha, 1800s– rukh, 1800s– rukhkh.

Origin: A borrowing from Arabic. Partly also a borrowing from Latin. Partly also a borrowing from French. Etymons: Arabic ruḵḵ; Latin rochus; French roc, ruc.

Etymology: < Arabic ruḵḵ, of unknown origin, perhaps a loanword. In α. forms originally via post-classical Latin rochus (a1374 in the passage translated in quot. 1579), in later use via French roc (1653; 1705 in A. Galland's French translation of the Arabian Nights, the source translated in quot. 1712; also rock (1741); already in Old French as ruc (c1298 in Marco Polo in an apparently isolated attestation)). In β. forms probably originally reflecting Old French ruc in Marco Polo, but in later use directly < Arabic ruḵḵ. Compare Italian †ruc (beginning of the 14th cent. in a translation of Marco Polo; also 1598 in Florio as †rochi (apparently intended as singular) and †ruch ), Spanish rocho (a1502 in the passage translated in quot. 1631; also as ruc (first half of the 18th cent.)), Portuguese roque (1502 in a translation of Marco Polo as †ruth (transmission error); also as †ruc (beginning of the 17th cent.)).

A gigantic mythical bird of prey, legendary in the Middle East. Cf. simurgh n.The legend of the roc first reached the West through the account of Marco Polo (see the etymology), and was popularized by its inclusion in the Arabian Nights.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the supernatural > supernatural being > mythical creature or object > [noun] > types of mythical bird

pelicanOE

tiger1481

Stymphalid1560

roc1579

mamuque?1590

firebird1601

sunbird1616

ganzaa1633

cocklicrane1653

white bird1697

wakon-bird1778

simurgh1786

thunder-birda1827

huma1841

oozlum bird1858

lightning bird1870

jubjub1871

ho-ho bird1901

storm-bird1913

α.

1579 T. Twyne tr. Petrarch Phisicke against Fortune ii. Ep. Pref. 159 About the Indian sea there is a certeine birde of an incredible bignesse, whom our countriemen call a Roche [L. avem quandam, quam ‘rochum’ nostri vocant], which is able and accustomed to take vp, not onelie a man, but also an whole shippe in her beake.

1631 J. Mabbe tr. de Rojas Celestina (1894) Prol. 15 Of a bird called Roque [Sp. rocho], which is bred in the East Indian Sea, it is said to be of an incredible greatness.

1712 tr. Arabian Nights' Entertainm. (ed. 2) III. 52 There was a young Roc in it just ready to be hatch'd, and the Bill of it began to appear.

1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth II. 251 It is supposed that the great bird called the Rock, described by Arabian writers,..is but a species of the condor.

1802 E. Forster tr. Arabian Nights I. 320 The roc comes and seizes them both in his claws.

1866 C. Kingsley Hereward the Wake I. i. 71 But beyond, things unspeakable,—dragons, giants, rocs.

1917 ‘O. Douglas’ Setons v. 77 The three boys lay stretched on the carpet looking for a picture of the roc's egg in a copy of The Arabian Nights.

1975 S. J. Perelman Vinegar Puss 53 All it lacked was the mythical roc to swoop down and whisk me worlds away.

2002 N.Y. Times Bk. Rev. 3 Nov. 15/2 After what Eco has taken us through on this four-year journey—chimeras, manticores, skiapods,..dog-headed cynocephali, headless blemmyae with eyes in their chests—we take the rocs almost for granted.

β. 1598 Bp. J. Hall Virgidemiarum: 3 Last Bks. iv. vi. 48 Of the Bird Ruc that beares an Elephant.1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy ii. ii. iii. 318 As I goe by Madagascar I would see that great bird Rucke that can carry a man and horse, or an Elephant.a1635 R. Corbet Poems (1807) 99 O that I ere might have the hap To get the bird which in the map Is called the Indian Ruck!1691 T. Heyrick Misc. Poems 7 The Ruck, in Madagascar bred,..Whom greatest Beasts and armed Horsemen dread.a1712 W. King Misc. 27 in Posthumous Wks. (1734) That Part of the Universe where is bred the monstrous Bird called Ruc, that for its Prey will bear off an Elephant in its Talons.1792 J. Leslie tr. Comte de Buffon Nat. Hist. Birds I. 145 The Condur of Peru and of Chili, is the same bird with the Ruch or Roc, of the eastern nations.1841 E. W. Lane tr. Thousand & One Nights (1859) I. iii. 188 Wherupon a bird called the rukh′ will come to thee, and..fly away with thee.1859 New Amer. Cycl. I. 746/2 That immense bird, the roc, or ruch, or rukh, is spoken of still more extravagantly by other Arabian writers.1887 R. F. Burton tr. Arabian Nights' Entertainm.: Suppl. Nights III. dlxxxix. 187 The Rukh is indeed a giant fowl which carried [sic] off camels and elephants in her pounces and flieth away with them.1924 Nature 19 Apr. 564/2 Purely fabulous species, such as the phœnix and the rukh, are likewise dealt with.1970 D. F. Lach Asia in Making of Europe II. i. ii. 92 Stradanus was inspired by this fable to introduce the ‘ruch’ into his design as a symbol of the marvels that Magellan experienced in sailing across the Pacific Ocean.2008 Courier Mail (Austral.) (Nexis) 5 Apr. 25 The test audience loved Giant's Lair's ‘cool and powerful monsters’..including wizards, giants, dwarfs, wolves, rukhs (flesh-eating birds) and swamp creatures.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	roc
释义	rocn. Brit. /rɒk/, U.S. /rɑk/ Forms: α. 1500s roche, 1600s roque, 1700s rock, 1700s– roc, 1700s– rokh. β. 1500s–1600s ruck, 1500s–1600s rucke, 1500s–1700s ruc, 1500s– ruch, 1600s rucha, 1800s– rukh, 1800s– rukhkh. Origin: A borrowing from Arabic. Partly also a borrowing from Latin. Partly also a borrowing from French. Etymons: Arabic ruḵḵ; Latin rochus; French roc, ruc. Etymology: < Arabic ruḵḵ, of unknown origin, perhaps a loanword. In α. forms originally via post-classical Latin rochus (a1374 in the passage translated in quot. 1579), in later use via French roc (1653; 1705 in A. Galland's French translation of the Arabian Nights, the source translated in quot. 1712; also rock (1741); already in Old French as ruc (c1298 in Marco Polo in an apparently isolated attestation)). In β. forms probably originally reflecting Old French ruc in Marco Polo, but in later use directly < Arabic ruḵḵ. Compare Italian †ruc (beginning of the 14th cent. in a translation of Marco Polo; also 1598 in Florio as †rochi (apparently intended as singular) and †ruch ), Spanish rocho (a1502 in the passage translated in quot. 1631; also as ruc (first half of the 18th cent.)), Portuguese roque (1502 in a translation of Marco Polo as †ruth (transmission error); also as †ruc (beginning of the 17th cent.)). A gigantic mythical bird of prey, legendary in the Middle East. Cf. simurgh n.The legend of the roc first reached the West through the account of Marco Polo (see the etymology), and was popularized by its inclusion in the Arabian Nights. ΘΚΠ the world > the supernatural > supernatural being > mythical creature or object > [noun] > types of mythical bird pelicanOE tiger1481 Stymphalid1560 roc1579 mamuque?1590 firebird1601 sunbird1616 ganzaa1633 cocklicrane1653 white bird1697 wakon-bird1778 simurgh1786 thunder-birda1827 huma1841 oozlum bird1858 lightning bird1870 jubjub1871 ho-ho bird1901 storm-bird1913 α. 1579 T. Twyne tr. Petrarch Phisicke against Fortune ii. Ep. Pref. 159 About the Indian sea there is a certeine birde of an incredible bignesse, whom our countriemen call a Roche [L. avem quandam, quam ‘rochum’ nostri vocant], which is able and accustomed to take vp, not onelie a man, but also an whole shippe in her beake. 1631 J. Mabbe tr. de Rojas Celestina (1894) Prol. 15 Of a bird called Roque [Sp. rocho], which is bred in the East Indian Sea, it is said to be of an incredible greatness. 1712 tr. Arabian Nights' Entertainm. (ed. 2) III. 52 There was a young Roc in it just ready to be hatch'd, and the Bill of it began to appear. 1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth II. 251 It is supposed that the great bird called the Rock, described by Arabian writers,..is but a species of the condor. 1802 E. Forster tr. Arabian Nights I. 320 The roc comes and seizes them both in his claws. 1866 C. Kingsley Hereward the Wake I. i. 71 But beyond, things unspeakable,—dragons, giants, rocs. 1917 ‘O. Douglas’ Setons v. 77 The three boys lay stretched on the carpet looking for a picture of the roc's egg in a copy of The Arabian Nights. 1975 S. J. Perelman Vinegar Puss 53 All it lacked was the mythical roc to swoop down and whisk me worlds away. 2002 N.Y. Times Bk. Rev. 3 Nov. 15/2 After what Eco has taken us through on this four-year journey—chimeras, manticores, skiapods,..dog-headed cynocephali, headless blemmyae with eyes in their chests—we take the rocs almost for granted. β. 1598 Bp. J. Hall Virgidemiarum: 3 Last Bks. iv. vi. 48 Of the Bird Ruc that beares an Elephant.1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy ii. ii. iii. 318 As I goe by Madagascar I would see that great bird Rucke that can carry a man and horse, or an Elephant.a1635 R. Corbet Poems (1807) 99 O that I ere might have the hap To get the bird which in the map Is called the Indian Ruck!1691 T. Heyrick Misc. Poems 7 The Ruck, in Madagascar bred,..Whom greatest Beasts and armed Horsemen dread.a1712 W. King Misc. 27 in Posthumous Wks. (1734) That Part of the Universe where is bred the monstrous Bird called Ruc, that for its Prey will bear off an Elephant in its Talons.1792 J. Leslie tr. Comte de Buffon Nat. Hist. Birds I. 145 The Condur of Peru and of Chili, is the same bird with the Ruch or Roc, of the eastern nations.1841 E. W. Lane tr. Thousand & One Nights (1859) I. iii. 188 Wherupon a bird called the rukh′ will come to thee, and..fly away with thee.1859 New Amer. Cycl. I. 746/2 That immense bird, the roc, or ruch, or rukh, is spoken of still more extravagantly by other Arabian writers.1887 R. F. Burton tr. Arabian Nights' Entertainm.: Suppl. Nights III. dlxxxix. 187 The Rukh is indeed a giant fowl which carried [sic] off camels and elephants in her pounces and flieth away with them.1924 Nature 19 Apr. 564/2 Purely fabulous species, such as the phœnix and the rukh, are likewise dealt with.1970 D. F. Lach Asia in Making of Europe II. i. ii. 92 Stradanus was inspired by this fable to introduce the ‘ruch’ into his design as a symbol of the marvels that Magellan experienced in sailing across the Pacific Ocean.2008 Courier Mail (Austral.) (Nexis) 5 Apr. 25 The test audience loved Giant's Lair's ‘cool and powerful monsters’..including wizards, giants, dwarfs, wolves, rukhs (flesh-eating birds) and swamp creatures. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022). > as lemmas ROC ROC n. Republic of China (since 1949 the official name of Taiwan). Π 1965 Pacific Stars & Stripes (Tokyo) 1 May 7/1 Liu and a party of four other officers from the ROC are in Korea to observe comptroller activities of the Eighth Army. 2000 N.Y. Times 13 Dec. a35 (advt.) The new ROC government is committed to making Taiwan a ‘Green Silicon Island’. extracted from Rn. ROC ROC n. Canadian colloquial rest of Canada, all of Canada except the province of Quebec. ΚΠ 1989 Canad. Public Policy 15 46/2 The rest of Canada (ROC) experienced a mild increase in dependence. 2005 Gazette (Montreal) 28 Oct. a27/2 In the ROC, it makes the feds look tough on Quebec. extracted from Rn. ROC ROC n. now historical Royal Observer Corps. ΚΠ 1942 Times 27 Jan. 2/2 Headdress will continue to be a dark blue beret bearing the R.O.C. metal badge. 1942 E. Partridge Dict. Abbrev. 84/2 R.O.C., Royal Observer Corps..A civilian body that scans the skies. Modest and selfless. 2005 Western Daily Press (Nexis) 26 Apr. 20 The ROC was dissolved at the end of the Cold War. extracted from Rn. < n.1579 as lemmas
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rocn.

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