† riffn.¹

Forms: 1500s–1600s riffe, 1700s riff.

Origin: A variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: rift n.²

Etymology: Variant of rift n.², with assimilation of the dental.

Obsolete.

A rift; a chink.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > breaking or cracking > [noun] > a crack or breach

chinec888

bruche?a1300

crevice1382

scar1390

scorec1400

rimea1425

riftc1425

riving1440

creekc1480

brack1524

rive1527

bruise1530

crack1530

chink1545

chap1553

riff1577

chop1578

chinker1581

coane1584

fraction1587

cranice1603

slifter1607

fracture1641

shake1651

snap1891

1577 R. Holinshed Chron. II. 362/2 The verie same time also fire brast out of certain riffes of the earth, in so huge flames, that neither by water nor otherwise it could be quenched.

1602 W. Fulbecke Parallele or Conf. Law i. 97 I do not thinke it possible which some affirme, that the bodies of such witches may pierce through a chinke or riffe of a wall.

1611 J. Speed Hist. Great Brit. ix. iv. 442/1 Others say, that out of riffes in the earth, burning flames arose.

1639 J. Taylor Part Summers Trav. 14 The Castle stands on the top of a Hill, and under it is a Cliff or Riffe in the said Hill, which is as wide at the entrance as three Barn doores.

1750 S. Berington Diss. Mosaical Creation xi. 403 There might be, and undoubtedly were, vast Cracks, and Riffs, to an immense Depth to let in the Waters of the Deluge.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2010; most recently modified version published online June 2021).

riffn.²

Brit.

/rɪf/, U.S.

/rɪf/

Forms: 1500s riffe, 1800s– riff.

Origin: Of uncertain origin.

Etymology: Origin uncertain; perhaps the reflex of Old English hrīefþo scabby condition of the skin, scurfiness ( < reof adj. + -th suffix¹ 2), with loss or assimilation of the dental consonant. Perhaps compare also Old French roife , Old French, Middle French roiffe (13th cent.), ultimately < the Germanic base of rove n.², and perhaps also (with suffixation) Middle French roifle (15th cent.) and (apparently showing a different base) rifle (c1500) in the same sense. Compare reef n.³, rove n.²Compare also English regional rift , recorded by Surv. Eng. Dial. in use in Warwickshire and Lincolnshire in the sense ‘mange’, also (in Lincolnshire) ‘dandruff’ (apparently a variant of riff n.²; perhaps compare -t suffix³ 2). The existence of this word appears to support the above derivation from Old English; however, evidence for rift earlier than the 20th cent. is lacking.

Now English regional (west midlands).

Any of various diseases (of humans or animals) which make the skin itchy or scaly; (in later use) spec. mange in domestic animals.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of visible parts > skin disorders > [noun] > itching diseases > scabies or mange

itcha800

riff1579

psora1585

scrubbado1651

Scotch fiddle1675

scrub1709

scabies1813

acariasis1815

scratch1828

seven-year itch1835

scrub-itch1909

swimmer's itch1928

1579 J. Jones Arte preseruing Bodie & Soule i. xxvi. 50 Their children be not only free from riffe, and chafing, but also be endued with a fayre colour and delicate skinne.

1831 ‘Nimrod’ Remarks Condition Hunters 253 One year, however, by the help of a Welch pony, the riff, or mange, was introduced amongst them.

1879 G. F. Jackson Shropshire Word-bk. 351 Riff, (1) the itch... (2) the mange.

1896 G. F. Northall Warwickshire Word-bk. 192 Riff, a disease of dogs, in which the hair falls off, leaving the skin scaly and rough.

1952 M. Tripp Faith is Windsock iv. 67 I believe I am right in diagnosing his dog's trouble as riff. This is invariably picked up in damp places and frequently appears in the clefts between the toes.

1994 C. Upton et al. Surv. Eng. Dial.: Dict. & Gram. Riff, mange, which causes dogs and cats to lose their hair [Herefordshire].

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

† riffn.³

Forms: 1600s riff, 1600s riffe.

Origin: Apparently formed within English, by back-formation. Etymon: midriff n.

Etymology: Apparently < -riff (in midriff n.), as a back formation arising from its analysis as a noun phrase containing mid adj.

Obsolete.

The diaphragm.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > internal organs > diaphragm > [noun]

midredeOE

midriffeOE

diaphragm1398

midgena1400

middleriff1598

traverse1601

riff1631

phren1706

1598 A. M. tr. J. Guillemeau Frenche Chirurg. f. 4/1 When the middle reefe or Diaphragma is wounded.]

1631 D. Lloyd Legend Capt. Iones 4 Then came his good sword.., Which pierc't skin, ribs, and riffe, and rove her heart.

1656 S. Holland Don Zara i. vi. 52 And with one single thrust pierc't through the skin, ribs, and riff of this sawcie Savage.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2010; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

Riffn.⁴adj.

Brit.

/rɪf/, U.S.

/rɪf/

Forms: 1800s Reefe, 1800s– Rif, 1800s– Riff, 1900s– Reef.

Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Rîf.

Etymology: < Rîf, the name of a region in northern Morocco. Compare slightly earlier Riffian n.

A. n.⁴

A member of the Berber people of the Rif region of Morocco.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > ethnicities > peoples of Africa > peoples of North Africa > [noun] > Berbers > person of Berber peoples

Getulian?1520

Kabyle1738

Targui1822

Riffian1851

Riff1853

Shilha1882

1853 W. T. Power Recoll. Three Years' Residencein China 42 On one side is Europe with all its wealth, commerce, and enlightenment, on the other the ‘Rifs’, or ‘Reefes’, a population scarcely known by name, but inhabiting the greater portion of the southern side of the Straits.

1875 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Oct. 412/2 There's no doubt of it that the Riffs have sighted that boat long before we did.

1926 Chambers's Jrnl. Mar. 158/1 Hussein was a good Riff, and the killing lust was upon him.

1968 D. S. Woolman Rebels in Rif xi. 164 Their enemy was Spain; the Rifs had no historic quarrel with France.

1991 Jrnl. Contemp. Hist. 26 147 At the end of his career, with the Riffs threatening,..he felt he was no longer being heard by Paris.

B. adj.

Of, belonging to, or associated with this people.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > ethnicities > peoples of Africa > peoples of North Africa > [adjective] > Berber > Berber peoples

Getuliana1547

Riffian1859

Riff1864

1864 Chambers's Encycl. VI. at Morocco In 1851 and 1856, complications took place with France concerning some French vessels which had been plundered by the Riff pirates.

1881 Cent. Mag. Nov. 15/1 We are finally boarded by what appears to be a band of Riff pirates, who fight frantically for our baggage.

1921 Current Hist. (U.S.) 14 1053 An attack by the Rif tribes..raised the siege against the arch-bandit.

1973 R. L. Bidwell Morocco under Colonial Rule ix. 173 The Riff leader himself payed tribute to the skill of Colonel Noguès.

2000 Europe-Asia Stud. 52 1290 The Riff rebellion in Morocco, the general strike movement in Britain, the nationalist revolution in China, and French communist agitation in the army led to a growing anti-communist agitation.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

riffn.⁵

Brit.

/rɪf/, U.S.

/rɪf/

Origin: Of uncertain origin. Perhaps formed within English, by clipping or shortening. Etymon: refrain n.¹

Etymology: Origin uncertain; perhaps shortened < refrain n.¹ Compare riff v.¹ and slightly earlier riffing n.

1. In jazz and popular music: a short repeated musical phrase, often with a strong or syncopated rhythm, played over changing chords or harmonies or used as a background to a solo improvisation.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > piece of music > section of piece of music > [noun] > passages in jazz

jazz1918

break1926

chorus1926

stop time1929

tag1929

lick1932

riff1933

ride1935

release1936

sock chorus1936

rideout1939

screamer1940

stop chords1941

chase1942

stop chorus1942

mop1945

1933 Daily Texan (Univ. Texas, Austin) 4 Aug. 3/1 A typical [Cab] Calloway trick called the ‘riff’, defined as a willy-nilly transposition of single notes in octaves, often losing the melody in screaming but infectious chaos.

1962 J. Baldwin Another Country i. i. 16 They might swap stories of..gigs they'd played, riffs they remembered.

1972 Blues & Jazz Sept. 11/3 The saxes come in with an unoriginal but beautifully swinging riff when Fats makes his vocal entry.

1980 M. Booth Bad Track iii. 68 The sax cut in with Mel's violin scrawking against the drums and the low riff of the electronic piano.

2018 G. Jarrell Riff of Love ii. 15 He plays a riff—just a couple of notes—and looks over at the sax section. All five of them repeat it.

2. In extended use: a repeated phrase, idea, or situation; an improvisation, variation, or commentary on a theme, subject, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > repeating > [noun] > instance of

reviea1592

reprise1607

tautology1639

repeat1855

retake1882

ditto1887

redo1949

riff1952

1952 C. Brossard Who walk in Darkness xvi. 104 I've found a new riff...Bicycling.

1970 New Yorker 14 Nov. 166/2 He has an opportunity for some lovely comic riffs.

1974 Black World Dec. 52/2 There are some new riffs played out in this novel, riffs which are significant when measured against Baldwin's earlier novels.

1984 N.Y. Mag. 3 Sept. 60/3 A riff on ‘Funiculì, Funiculà’ about the atom bomb is almost as funny and almost as tasteless as Mel Brooks's ‘Springtime for Hitler’.

2002 A. J. Binder Contentious Curricula v. 188 Kansas was deemed the ‘Land of Odds’, by one editorialist, in a riff on Kansas's fame for ‘The Wizard of Oz.’

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

riffn.⁶

Brit.

/rɪf/, U.S.

/rɪf/

Origin: Formed within English, by clipping or shortening. Etymon: riffle n.

Etymology: Shortened < riffle n. (compare riffle n. 5b).

rare.

= riffle n. 5b. With through.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > reading > [noun] > skimming or browsing

skimming1711

skipping1824

browsing1836

riffling1909

skim-reading1926

riffle1951

riff1960

1960 20th Cent. Mar. 256 The most cursory riff through the..daily and weekly press.

1998 Gazette (Montreal) (Nexis) 17 Mar. e1 After a quick scan of the E-mail backlog and a riff through the papers, I'm stunned at the lack of reaction to an Olympic tournament that set the hockey world on its ear.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

riffv.¹

Brit.

/rɪf/, U.S.

/rɪf/

Origin: Probably formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: riff n.⁵

Etymology: Probably < riff n.⁵ Compare slightly earlier riffing n.

1. intransitive. In jazz and popular music: to play a riff or riffs (riff n.⁵ 1).

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > performing music > perform music [verb (intransitive)] > specific style or technique > in jazz

go1926

ride1929

swing1931

tear1932

to play (it) straight1933

groove1935

riff1935

give1936

jumpc1938

to beat it out1945

walk1951

cook1954

move1955

wail1955

stretch1961

1935 Atlanta Daily World 5 July 2/1 I..got one of those mouthpieces I invented which has never been used in this country before. It takes an iron lip and an iron jaw to ‘riff’ through 'em.

1948 S. Finkelstein Jazz 213 A single instrument..could riff as effectively as, and even more subtly than, a full band or full choir.

1968 Blues Unlimited Sept. 23 Horns coming in to riff nicely after the build-up.

2003 Birmingham Post (Nexis) 13 Dec. 52 The excitement comes not only from the separate soloing of the two tenor men, but in accentuated form in the sections where they riff together.

2. intransitive. In extended use: to improvise or expound upon a subject; to produce (usually extended) variations on a theme, topic, etc. Also transitive. Cf. riff n.⁵ 2.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > repetition > repeat [verb (intransitive)] > dwell on something

to harp upon, on (of), a, one, the same (etc.) string?1531

to sing the same (or one) song1551

chant1572

ding1582

to go on1863

to keep on1907

riff1952

the mind > language > speech > repetition > repeat [verb (transitive)] > again

re-repeat1605

triplicate1639

riff1952

1952 R. Ellison Let. 4 Feb. in R. Ellison & A. Murray Trading Twelves (2000) 28 For what value does Eunice stand? Does she stand for unconscious fear of loss of manhood, Eunice = eunuch? If so, why? Man, you've got to watch that stuff! You're riffing over your own head.

1959 C. MacInnes Absolute Beginners 158 He said life was a junction: the junction, he said, of composite opposites (he liked that group, and riffed it several times).

1988 S. Weisenburger Gravity's Rainbow Compan. 77 Roger riffs on TS Eliot's 1917 poem, ‘The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock’.

2008 BFI Southbank Programme Guide (Brit. Film Inst.) Nov. 32 Joel and Ethan Coen have long been recognised as film-makers who riff on classical Hollywood.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

riffv.²

Brit.

/rɪf/, U.S.

/rɪf/

Origin: An imitative or expressive formation.

Etymology: Ultimately imitative of the sound of pages being flicked through. Compare riffle v. 3.

intransitive. With through: = riffle v. 3c.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > reading > [verb (transitive)] > skim or browse or skip

skip1526

launch1570

to run over1577

rufflea1631

leaf1663

to run through1670

to dip into1682

skim1739

thumb-read1825

browse1903

thumb1930

riffle1938

riff1942

skim-read1954

skip-read1977

1942 N.Y. Times Bk. Rev. 22 Feb. 2/4 He riffed through the pages.

1956 W. H. Whyte Organization Man (1957) xxv. 347 Riff through these maps quickly, and in the few seconds..you can see in crude animation the fissures begin to widen.

1982 S. Grafton A is for Alibi 169 I riffed through magazines, held textbooks by the spine, letting the pages fly loose.

2005 L. Wood Kingdom of Lies vii. 133 She licked her fingers before pulling a small spiral notebook from her handbag, riffing through her own scribbled notes.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

n.¹1577

n.²1579

n.³1631

n.⁴adj.1853

n.⁵1933

n.⁶1960

v.¹1935

v.²1942

单词	riff
释义	† riffn.¹ Forms: 1500s–1600s riffe, 1700s riff. Origin: A variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: rift n.² Etymology: Variant of rift n.², with assimilation of the dental. Obsolete. A rift; a chink. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > breaking or cracking > [noun] > a crack or breach chinec888 bruche?a1300 crevice1382 scar1390 scorec1400 rimea1425 riftc1425 riving1440 creekc1480 brack1524 rive1527 bruise1530 crack1530 chink1545 chap1553 riff1577 chop1578 chinker1581 coane1584 fraction1587 cranice1603 slifter1607 fracture1641 shake1651 snap1891 1577 R. Holinshed Chron. II. 362/2 The verie same time also fire brast out of certain riffes of the earth, in so huge flames, that neither by water nor otherwise it could be quenched. 1602 W. Fulbecke Parallele or Conf. Law i. 97 I do not thinke it possible which some affirme, that the bodies of such witches may pierce through a chinke or riffe of a wall. 1611 J. Speed Hist. Great Brit. ix. iv. 442/1 Others say, that out of riffes in the earth, burning flames arose. 1639 J. Taylor Part Summers Trav. 14 The Castle stands on the top of a Hill, and under it is a Cliff or Riffe in the said Hill, which is as wide at the entrance as three Barn doores. 1750 S. Berington Diss. Mosaical Creation xi. 403 There might be, and undoubtedly were, vast Cracks, and Riffs, to an immense Depth to let in the Waters of the Deluge. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2010; most recently modified version published online June 2021). riffn.² Brit. /rɪf/, U.S. /rɪf/ Forms: 1500s riffe, 1800s– riff. Origin: Of uncertain origin. Etymology: Origin uncertain; perhaps the reflex of Old English hrīefþo scabby condition of the skin, scurfiness ( < reof adj. + -th suffix¹ 2), with loss or assimilation of the dental consonant. Perhaps compare also Old French roife , Old French, Middle French roiffe (13th cent.), ultimately < the Germanic base of rove n.², and perhaps also (with suffixation) Middle French roifle (15th cent.) and (apparently showing a different base) rifle (c1500) in the same sense. Compare reef n.³, rove n.²Compare also English regional rift , recorded by Surv. Eng. Dial. in use in Warwickshire and Lincolnshire in the sense ‘mange’, also (in Lincolnshire) ‘dandruff’ (apparently a variant of riff n.²; perhaps compare -t suffix³ 2). The existence of this word appears to support the above derivation from Old English; however, evidence for rift earlier than the 20th cent. is lacking. Now English regional (west midlands). Any of various diseases (of humans or animals) which make the skin itchy or scaly; (in later use) spec. mange in domestic animals. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of visible parts > skin disorders > [noun] > itching diseases > scabies or mange itcha800 riff1579 psora1585 scrubbado1651 Scotch fiddle1675 scrub1709 scabies1813 acariasis1815 scratch1828 seven-year itch1835 scrub-itch1909 swimmer's itch1928 1579 J. Jones Arte preseruing Bodie & Soule i. xxvi. 50 Their children be not only free from riffe, and chafing, but also be endued with a fayre colour and delicate skinne. 1831 ‘Nimrod’ Remarks Condition Hunters 253 One year, however, by the help of a Welch pony, the riff, or mange, was introduced amongst them. 1879 G. F. Jackson Shropshire Word-bk. 351 Riff, (1) the itch... (2) the mange. 1896 G. F. Northall Warwickshire Word-bk. 192 Riff, a disease of dogs, in which the hair falls off, leaving the skin scaly and rough. 1952 M. Tripp Faith is Windsock iv. 67 I believe I am right in diagnosing his dog's trouble as riff. This is invariably picked up in damp places and frequently appears in the clefts between the toes. 1994 C. Upton et al. Surv. Eng. Dial.: Dict. & Gram. Riff, mange, which causes dogs and cats to lose their hair [Herefordshire]. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † riffn.³ Forms: 1600s riff, 1600s riffe. Origin: Apparently formed within English, by back-formation. Etymon: midriff n. Etymology: Apparently < -riff (in midriff n.), as a back formation arising from its analysis as a noun phrase containing mid adj. Obsolete. The diaphragm. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > internal organs > diaphragm > [noun] midredeOE midriffeOE diaphragm1398 midgena1400 middleriff1598 traverse1601 riff1631 phren1706 1598 A. M. tr. J. Guillemeau Frenche Chirurg. f. 4/1 When the middle reefe or Diaphragma is wounded.] 1631 D. Lloyd Legend Capt. Iones 4 Then came his good sword.., Which pierc't skin, ribs, and riffe, and rove her heart. 1656 S. Holland Don Zara i. vi. 52 And with one single thrust pierc't through the skin, ribs, and riff of this sawcie Savage. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2010; most recently modified version published online December 2020). Riffn.⁴adj. Brit. /rɪf/, U.S. /rɪf/ Forms: 1800s Reefe, 1800s– Rif, 1800s– Riff, 1900s– Reef. Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Rîf. Etymology: < Rîf, the name of a region in northern Morocco. Compare slightly earlier Riffian n. A. n.⁴ A member of the Berber people of the Rif region of Morocco. ΘΚΠ the world > people > ethnicities > peoples of Africa > peoples of North Africa > [noun] > Berbers > person of Berber peoples Getulian?1520 Kabyle1738 Targui1822 Riffian1851 Riff1853 Shilha1882 1853 W. T. Power Recoll. Three Years' Residencein China 42 On one side is Europe with all its wealth, commerce, and enlightenment, on the other the ‘Rifs’, or ‘Reefes’, a population scarcely known by name, but inhabiting the greater portion of the southern side of the Straits. 1875 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Oct. 412/2 There's no doubt of it that the Riffs have sighted that boat long before we did. 1926 Chambers's Jrnl. Mar. 158/1 Hussein was a good Riff, and the killing lust was upon him. 1968 D. S. Woolman Rebels in Rif xi. 164 Their enemy was Spain; the Rifs had no historic quarrel with France. 1991 Jrnl. Contemp. Hist. 26 147 At the end of his career, with the Riffs threatening,..he felt he was no longer being heard by Paris. B. adj. Of, belonging to, or associated with this people. ΘΚΠ the world > people > ethnicities > peoples of Africa > peoples of North Africa > [adjective] > Berber > Berber peoples Getuliana1547 Riffian1859 Riff1864 1864 Chambers's Encycl. VI. at Morocco In 1851 and 1856, complications took place with France concerning some French vessels which had been plundered by the Riff pirates. 1881 Cent. Mag. Nov. 15/1 We are finally boarded by what appears to be a band of Riff pirates, who fight frantically for our baggage. 1921 Current Hist. (U.S.) 14 1053 An attack by the Rif tribes..raised the siege against the arch-bandit. 1973 R. L. Bidwell Morocco under Colonial Rule ix. 173 The Riff leader himself payed tribute to the skill of Colonel Noguès. 2000 Europe-Asia Stud. 52 1290 The Riff rebellion in Morocco, the general strike movement in Britain, the nationalist revolution in China, and French communist agitation in the army led to a growing anti-communist agitation. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022). riffn.⁵ Brit. /rɪf/, U.S. /rɪf/ Origin: Of uncertain origin. Perhaps formed within English, by clipping or shortening. Etymon: refrain n.¹ Etymology: Origin uncertain; perhaps shortened < refrain n.¹ Compare riff v.¹ and slightly earlier riffing n. 1. In jazz and popular music: a short repeated musical phrase, often with a strong or syncopated rhythm, played over changing chords or harmonies or used as a background to a solo improvisation. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > piece of music > section of piece of music > [noun] > passages in jazz jazz1918 break1926 chorus1926 stop time1929 tag1929 lick1932 riff1933 ride1935 release1936 sock chorus1936 rideout1939 screamer1940 stop chords1941 chase1942 stop chorus1942 mop1945 1933 Daily Texan (Univ. Texas, Austin) 4 Aug. 3/1 A typical [Cab] Calloway trick called the ‘riff’, defined as a willy-nilly transposition of single notes in octaves, often losing the melody in screaming but infectious chaos. 1962 J. Baldwin Another Country i. i. 16 They might swap stories of..gigs they'd played, riffs they remembered. 1972 Blues & Jazz Sept. 11/3 The saxes come in with an unoriginal but beautifully swinging riff when Fats makes his vocal entry. 1980 M. Booth Bad Track iii. 68 The sax cut in with Mel's violin scrawking against the drums and the low riff of the electronic piano. 2018 G. Jarrell Riff of Love ii. 15 He plays a riff—just a couple of notes—and looks over at the sax section. All five of them repeat it. 2. In extended use: a repeated phrase, idea, or situation; an improvisation, variation, or commentary on a theme, subject, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > repeating > [noun] > instance of reviea1592 reprise1607 tautology1639 repeat1855 retake1882 ditto1887 redo1949 riff1952 1952 C. Brossard Who walk in Darkness xvi. 104 I've found a new riff...Bicycling. 1970 New Yorker 14 Nov. 166/2 He has an opportunity for some lovely comic riffs. 1974 Black World Dec. 52/2 There are some new riffs played out in this novel, riffs which are significant when measured against Baldwin's earlier novels. 1984 N.Y. Mag. 3 Sept. 60/3 A riff on ‘Funiculì, Funiculà’ about the atom bomb is almost as funny and almost as tasteless as Mel Brooks's ‘Springtime for Hitler’. 2002 A. J. Binder Contentious Curricula v. 188 Kansas was deemed the ‘Land of Odds’, by one editorialist, in a riff on Kansas's fame for ‘The Wizard of Oz.’ This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022). riffn.⁶ Brit. /rɪf/, U.S. /rɪf/ Origin: Formed within English, by clipping or shortening. Etymon: riffle n. Etymology: Shortened < riffle n. (compare riffle n. 5b). rare. = riffle n. 5b. With through. ΘΚΠ society > communication > reading > [noun] > skimming or browsing skimming1711 skipping1824 browsing1836 riffling1909 skim-reading1926 riffle1951 riff1960 1960 20th Cent. Mar. 256 The most cursory riff through the..daily and weekly press. 1998 Gazette (Montreal) (Nexis) 17 Mar. e1 After a quick scan of the E-mail backlog and a riff through the papers, I'm stunned at the lack of reaction to an Olympic tournament that set the hockey world on its ear. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022). riffv.¹ Brit. /rɪf/, U.S. /rɪf/ Origin: Probably formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: riff n.⁵ Etymology: Probably < riff n.⁵ Compare slightly earlier riffing n. 1. intransitive. In jazz and popular music: to play a riff or riffs (riff n.⁵ 1). ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > performing music > perform music [verb (intransitive)] > specific style or technique > in jazz go1926 ride1929 swing1931 tear1932 to play (it) straight1933 groove1935 riff1935 give1936 jumpc1938 to beat it out1945 walk1951 cook1954 move1955 wail1955 stretch1961 1935 Atlanta Daily World 5 July 2/1 I..got one of those mouthpieces I invented which has never been used in this country before. It takes an iron lip and an iron jaw to ‘riff’ through 'em. 1948 S. Finkelstein Jazz 213 A single instrument..could riff as effectively as, and even more subtly than, a full band or full choir. 1968 Blues Unlimited Sept. 23 Horns coming in to riff nicely after the build-up. 2003 Birmingham Post (Nexis) 13 Dec. 52 The excitement comes not only from the separate soloing of the two tenor men, but in accentuated form in the sections where they riff together. 2. intransitive. In extended use: to improvise or expound upon a subject; to produce (usually extended) variations on a theme, topic, etc. Also transitive. Cf. riff n.⁵ 2. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > repetition > repeat [verb (intransitive)] > dwell on something to harp upon, on (of), a, one, the same (etc.) string?1531 to sing the same (or one) song1551 chant1572 ding1582 to go on1863 to keep on1907 riff1952 the mind > language > speech > repetition > repeat [verb (transitive)] > again re-repeat1605 triplicate1639 riff1952 1952 R. Ellison Let. 4 Feb. in R. Ellison & A. Murray Trading Twelves (2000) 28 For what value does Eunice stand? Does she stand for unconscious fear of loss of manhood, Eunice = eunuch? If so, why? Man, you've got to watch that stuff! You're riffing over your own head. 1959 C. MacInnes Absolute Beginners 158 He said life was a junction: the junction, he said, of composite opposites (he liked that group, and riffed it several times). 1988 S. Weisenburger Gravity's Rainbow Compan. 77 Roger riffs on TS Eliot's 1917 poem, ‘The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock’. 2008 BFI Southbank Programme Guide (Brit. Film Inst.) Nov. 32 Joel and Ethan Coen have long been recognised as film-makers who riff on classical Hollywood. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022). riffv.² Brit. /rɪf/, U.S. /rɪf/ Origin: An imitative or expressive formation. Etymology: Ultimately imitative of the sound of pages being flicked through. Compare riffle v. 3. intransitive. With through: = riffle v. 3c. ΘΚΠ society > communication > reading > [verb (transitive)] > skim or browse or skip skip1526 launch1570 to run over1577 rufflea1631 leaf1663 to run through1670 to dip into1682 skim1739 thumb-read1825 browse1903 thumb1930 riffle1938 riff1942 skim-read1954 skip-read1977 1942 N.Y. Times Bk. Rev. 22 Feb. 2/4 He riffed through the pages. 1956 W. H. Whyte Organization Man (1957) xxv. 347 Riff through these maps quickly, and in the few seconds..you can see in crude animation the fissures begin to widen. 1982 S. Grafton A is for Alibi 169 I riffed through magazines, held textbooks by the spine, letting the pages fly loose. 2005 L. Wood Kingdom of Lies vii. 133 She licked her fingers before pulling a small spiral notebook from her handbag, riffing through her own scribbled notes. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹1577n.²1579n.³1631n.⁴adj.1853n.⁵1933n.⁶1960v.¹1935v.²1942
随便看	rosycoloured rosycrimson rosycrowned rosydancing rosyfaced rosyfeatured rosyfingered rosyfleeced rosyflowered rosyfooted rosygilled rosygilt rosyglistening rosygolden rosyhued rosying rosylipped rosymauve rosymuzzled rosypale rosypalmed rosypetalled rosypurple rosyrayed rosyred

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