rifamycinn.

Brit.

/rɪfəˈmʌɪsɪn/, U.S.

/ˌrɪfəˈmaɪsᵻn/

Forms: 1900s– rifamycin, 1900s– rifomycin.

Origin: Probably a borrowing from Italian, combined with an English element. Etymons: Italian riformare , -mycin suffix.

Etymology: Probably < rifo- (in Italian riformare reform v.¹) + -mycin suffix. Compare Italian rifomicina (1959 in the source of quot. 1959).

Pharmacology.

Any of a group of natural and semi-synthetic antibiotics originally isolated from the actinomycete Nocardia mediterranei, which inhibit microbial DNA-dependent RNA synthesis and have a bactericidal action, esp. on mycobacteria and Gram-positive bacteria.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > antibiotics > [noun] > other antibiotics

pyocyanase1900

fumigatin1938

M and B1938

gramicidin1940

tyrocidine1940

tyrothricin1940

clavacin1942

fumigacin1942

streptothricin1942

aspergillic acid1943

aspergillin1943

clavatin1943

helvolic acid1943

streptomycin1944

subtilin1944

bacitracin1945

viridin1945

javanicin1946

nisin1947

nitrofurazone1947

polymyxin1947

aureomycin1948

chloramphenicol1949

clitocybin1949

neomycin1949

Terramycin1950

viomycin1950

cephalosporin1951

fumagillin1951

nigericin1951

achromycin1952

carbomycin1952

erythromycin1952

nystatin1952

oxytetracycline1952

tetracycline1952

chlortetracycline1953

nitrofurantoin1953

oligomycin1953

puromycin1953

bacteriocin1954

albomycin1955

spiramycin1955

valinomycin1955

amphotericin B1956

mitomycin1956

novobiocin1956

oleandomycin1956

paromomycin1956

vancomycin1956

kanamycin1957

macrolide1957

ristocetin1957

streptovaricin1957

ethionamide1959

rifamycin1959

strep1959

mithramycin1960

fucidin1961

virginiamycin1961

cephalothin1962

fusidic acid1962

nonactin1962

trimethoprim1962

daunomycin1963

lincomycin1963

anthracycline1964

cephaloridine1964

spectinomycin1964

doxycycline1966

rifampicin1966

minocycline1967

rifampin1968

Adriamycin1969

daunorubicin1969

ribostamycin1970

doxorubicin1971

tobramycin1971

milbemycin1975

fluoroquinolone1984

1959 P. Sensi et al. in Farmaco (Edizione Scientifica) 14 146 The antibiotic, named by us rifomycin, shows a high activity against gram-positive bacteria and mycobacteria.

1976 Lancet 11 Dec. 1304/2 The rifamycin antibiotics have been used in the treatment of leprosy since 1963.

1990 Sci. Amer. Aug. 36/2 Among the compounds often prescribed for tuberculosis,..the rifamycin-group drugs and ethambutol have all demonstrated some effect against M[ycobacterium] avium.

2008 N. A. Khan Emerging Protozoan Pathogens 133 Rifamycin alone was found to be ineffective [in primary amoebic meningoencephalitis].

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	rifamycin
释义	rifamycinn. Brit. /rɪfəˈmʌɪsɪn/, U.S. /ˌrɪfəˈmaɪsᵻn/ Forms: 1900s– rifamycin, 1900s– rifomycin. Origin: Probably a borrowing from Italian, combined with an English element. Etymons: Italian riformare , -mycin suffix. Etymology: Probably < rifo- (in Italian riformare reform v.¹) + -mycin suffix. Compare Italian rifomicina (1959 in the source of quot. 1959). Pharmacology. Any of a group of natural and semi-synthetic antibiotics originally isolated from the actinomycete Nocardia mediterranei, which inhibit microbial DNA-dependent RNA synthesis and have a bactericidal action, esp. on mycobacteria and Gram-positive bacteria. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > antibiotics > [noun] > other antibiotics pyocyanase1900 fumigatin1938 M and B1938 gramicidin1940 tyrocidine1940 tyrothricin1940 clavacin1942 fumigacin1942 streptothricin1942 aspergillic acid1943 aspergillin1943 clavatin1943 helvolic acid1943 streptomycin1944 subtilin1944 bacitracin1945 viridin1945 javanicin1946 nisin1947 nitrofurazone1947 polymyxin1947 aureomycin1948 chloramphenicol1949 clitocybin1949 neomycin1949 Terramycin1950 viomycin1950 cephalosporin1951 fumagillin1951 nigericin1951 achromycin1952 carbomycin1952 erythromycin1952 nystatin1952 oxytetracycline1952 tetracycline1952 chlortetracycline1953 nitrofurantoin1953 oligomycin1953 puromycin1953 bacteriocin1954 albomycin1955 spiramycin1955 valinomycin1955 amphotericin B1956 mitomycin1956 novobiocin1956 oleandomycin1956 paromomycin1956 vancomycin1956 kanamycin1957 macrolide1957 ristocetin1957 streptovaricin1957 ethionamide1959 rifamycin1959 strep1959 mithramycin1960 fucidin1961 virginiamycin1961 cephalothin1962 fusidic acid1962 nonactin1962 trimethoprim1962 daunomycin1963 lincomycin1963 anthracycline1964 cephaloridine1964 spectinomycin1964 doxycycline1966 rifampicin1966 minocycline1967 rifampin1968 Adriamycin1969 daunorubicin1969 ribostamycin1970 doxorubicin1971 tobramycin1971 milbemycin1975 fluoroquinolone1984 1959 P. Sensi et al. in Farmaco (Edizione Scientifica) 14 146 The antibiotic, named by us rifomycin, shows a high activity against gram-positive bacteria and mycobacteria. 1976 Lancet 11 Dec. 1304/2 The rifamycin antibiotics have been used in the treatment of leprosy since 1963. 1990 Sci. Amer. Aug. 36/2 Among the compounds often prescribed for tuberculosis,..the rifamycin-group drugs and ethambutol have all demonstrated some effect against M[ycobacterium] avium. 2008 N. A. Khan Emerging Protozoan Pathogens 133 Rifamycin alone was found to be ineffective [in primary amoebic meningoencephalitis]. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1959
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