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单词 rhode island
释义

Rhode Islandn.

Brit. /ˌrəʊd ˈʌɪlənd/, U.S. /ˌroʊd ˈaɪlənd/
Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Rhode Island.
Etymology: < Rhode Island (in full, The State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations), the name of a state in the north-eastern United States; earlier the name of Aquidneck Island in Narragansett Bay, part of the modern state. The name of the island appears in English in a variety of forms in the 17th cent., e.g. Rode-Island (1637), Rhose Island (1642), Isle of Rhodes, or Rhode Island (1644); compare also Read-Iland (1644). The origin of the name is uncertain. It may perhaps shows an anglicized form of Dutch Roodt Eylandt, lit. ‘Red Island’, although early evidence for this is lacking (compare the reference to a reddish island in the description of Adriaen Block's 1614 voyage of exploration in J. de Laet Nieuwe Wereldt (1625) III. viii. 85). It is uncertain whether there is any connection with the earlier likening of Block Island (a different island in the Atlantic Ocean forming part of the state of Rhode Island) to the Mediterranean island of Rhodes by the Italian navigator Giovanni da Verrazzano c1524.Earlier forms of the English place name are reflected by early forms at Rhode Islander n.
I. Compounds.
1. Rhode Island sloop n. now historical a sloop of war belonging to the fleet of the State (earlier Colony) of Rhode Island.
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1711 Boston News-let. 10 Sept. 2/2 Isaac Prince Master of a Rhode-Island Sloop.
1724 ‘C. Johnson’ Gen. Hist. Pyrates (ed. 2) xii. 339 The Brigantine..took a Rhode Island Sloop,..and two or three other Vessels, which they destroy'd.
1810 B. Trumbull Gen. Hist. U.S.A. I. ix. 319 After exchanging a few shot, and somewhat damaging the Rhode Island sloop, she made off to France.
1870 Hist. Mag. May 327/1 The piratical fleet now stood off to sea, pursued by the two Rhode Island sloops.
1913 G. W. Allen Naval Hist. Amer. Revol. iii. 73 In December the Rhode Island sloop Katy, Captain Whipple, captured one of the enemy's ships.
1960 Eng. Hist. Rev. 75 534 A specimen agreement between the master and crew of a Rhode Island sloop in 1777.
2001 M. B. Weddle Walking in Way of Peace ix. 153 One of the Rhode Island sloops, loaded at Newport with thirty barrels of beef and pork, was also carrying the ammunition General Cudworth had stored at Portsmouth.
2. Rhode Island cheese n. now historical high-quality cheese from Rhode Island or (more generally) New England; a cheese of this type.
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the world > food and drink > food > dairy produce > cheese > [noun] > varieties of cheese
goat cheeseOE
green cheesec1390
rowen cheesea1425
bred-cheesec1440
hard cheesec1470
ruen cheese1510
parmesan1538
spermyse1542
angelot1573
cow-cheese1583
goat's cheese1588
Cheshire Cheese1597
eddish-cheese1615
nettle cheese1615
aftermath cheese1631
marsolini1636
Suffolk cheese1636
Cheddar cheesea1661
rowen1673
parmigianoa1684
raw-milk cheesea1687
fleet cheese1688
sage-cheese1714
Rhode Island cheese1733
Stilton cheese1736
Roquefort cheese1762
American cheese1763
fodder cheese1784
Old Peg1785
blue cheese1787
Dunlop cheese1793
Wiltshire1794
Gloucester1802
Gruyère1802
Neufchâtel1814
Limburger cheese1817
Dunlop1818
fog cheese1822
Swiss cheese1822
Suffolk thumpa1825
Stilton1826
skim dick1827
stracchino cheese1832
Blue Vinney1836
Edam1836
Schabzieger1837
sapsago1846
Munster1858
mysost1861
napkin cheese1865
provolone1865
Roquefort1867
Suffolk bang1867
Leicester1874
Brie1876
Camembert1878
Gorgonzola1878
Leicester cheese1880
Port Salut1881
Wensleydale1881
Gouda1885
primost1889
Cantal1890
Suisse1891
bondon1894
Petit Suisse1895
Gervais1896
Lancashire1896
Pont l'Évêque1896
reggiano1896
Romano1897
fontina1898
Caerphilly cheese1901
Derby cheese1902
Emmental1902
Liptauer1902
farmer cheese1904
robiola1907
gjetost1908
reblochon1908
scamorza1908
Cabrales1910
Jack1910
pimento cheese1910
mozzarella1911
pimiento cheese1911
Monterey cheese1912
processed cheese1918
Tillamook1918
tvorog1918
anari1919
process cheese1923
Bel Paese1926
pecorino1931
Oka1936
Parmigiano–Reggiano1936
vacherin1936
Monterey Jack1940
Red Leicester1940
demi-sel1946
tomme1946
Danish blue1948
Tilsit1950
St.-Maure1951
Samsoe1953
Havarti1954
paneer1954
taleggio1954
feta1956
St. Paulin1956
bleu cheese1957
Manchego1957
Ilchester1963
Dolcelatte1964
chèvre1965
Chaource1966
Windsor Red1969
halloumi1970
Montrachet1973
Chaumes1976
Lymeswold1981
cambozola1984
yarg1984
1733 S.-Carolina Gaz. 27 Jan. 4/1 Goods lately Imported, and to be Sold by Samuel Eveleigh,..Rhode-Island Cheese.
1788 F. Hopkinson in Amer. Lit. (1930) 1 413 A sumptuous Entertainment..consisting of a large Dish of Lacedemonian Broth, and elegant Hotch Pot & Rhode Island Cheese.
1862 Atlantic Monthly Feb. 180/2 There was a splendid Rhode-Island cheese on the counter.
1890 Andover Rev. July 46 The Rhode Island cheese that became such a famous article of export.
1920 T. W. Bicknell Hist. State Rhode Island II. xxvi. 483Rhode Island cheese’, the best made in New England, came from Narragansett farms.
1997 O. Reiss Blacks in Colonial Amer. v. 76 In the eighteenth century, some families owned thousands of acres used for livestock and the production of ‘Rhode Island cheese’ and other dairy products.
3.
a. Rhode Island currency n. now historical currency produced by the State (earlier Colony) of Rhode Island, in circulation from 1710 until the state adopted the United States dollar in 1793.
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society > trade and finance > money > standards and values of currencies > [noun] > specific monetary units or units of account > specific U.S.
Rhode Island currency1750
Rhode Island money1750
dollar1785
mill1786
dlr1895
1750 Jrnl. House of Commons 12 Mar. 26 120/1 The Exchange between England and Rhode Island is now from 1,050 l. to 1,100 l. Rhode Island Currency, for 100 l. Sterling in England.
1752 G. G. Beekman Let. 28 July in Beekman Mercantile Papers (1956) I. 146 If no Rum to be had as above Send us by Brown or Amy the neet proceeds in good Rhode Island currency.
1826 Worcester Mag. & Hist. Jrnl. 2 99 In 1785, five dollars of the Rhode Island currency, and eight dollars of that of New Hampshire, were worth but three shillings here.
1890 N.Y. Times 21 July 2/1 Massachusetts, notwithstanding the decision of her Supreme Court in favor of the Rhode Island currency, managed to draw some hard money into her coffers.
1953 Jrnl. Econ. Hist. 13 151 By 1739 most of the New England currencies were worth about five to one in terms of sterling... The Rhode Island currency, in spite of its enormous volume, managed to maintain a ration of five to one also.
2000 M. M. Schweitzer in J. P. Greene & J. R. Pole Compan. Amer. Revol. (2004) lxix. 565/2 Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and Connecticut passed laws exempting their own citizens from having to accept Rhode Island currency as payment from Rhode Island debtors.
b. Rhode Island money n. now historical = Rhode Island currency n. at sense 3a.In quot. 1750 with money understood from the context.
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society > trade and finance > money > standards and values of currencies > [noun] > specific monetary units or units of account > specific U.S.
Rhode Island currency1750
Rhode Island money1750
dollar1785
mill1786
dlr1895
1750 G. G. Beekman Let. 13 May in Beekman Mercantile Papers (1956) I. 107 A bundle of Old Tenor money which wee opened..and find it to contain £107.19.6 Connecticut money and £10.6 Rhode Island.
1840 W. Dunlap Hist. New Netherlands, Province N.Y., & State N.Y. II. App. p. clxxxi Syllavan..said that he some time back struck off £12,000 of Rhode Island money, and passed above £1,600 in one day.
1886 Atlantic Monthly June 781/1 Another law was passed, designed to secure the summary punishment of those who treated the Rhode Island money with scant respect.
1920 Stone & Webster Jrnl. 26 335 The merchants of Boston..entered into an agreement among themselves not to accept any of the 1733 Rhode Island money.
1991 Winterthur Portfolio 26 39/2 A single voyage..netted for the owners about £729 in Rhode Island money (or £547 sterling).
4. Rhode Island bent n. U.S. (more fully Rhode Island bent grass) common bent, Agrostis capillaris (formerly A. tenuis), a Eurasian grass used as a lawn and pasture grass in the United States.
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the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular fodder plants > [noun] > grasses used for hay or pasture
windlestrawc1000
red grass1582
spring grass1643
sweet-grass1709
herd-grass1747
Guinea grass1756
vernal grass1762
vernal1771
Paspalum1772
buffalo grass1784
Rhode Island bent1790
red-top1792
finetop1824
kangaroo-grass1827
gamagrass1831
sweet vernal grass1839
yellow-top1839
grama1844
sesame grass1845
sacate1848
Para grass1850
Hungarian1859
alfilaria1860
sacaton1865
Mitchell grass1867
teosinte1877
Landsborough grass1883
turnip-grass1889
brown top1891
ichu1891
manna1897
Rhodes grass1903
Sudan1911
Kikuyu grass1913
never-fail1923
buffel grass1955
1790 S. Deane New-Eng. Farmer 123/1 The Rhode Island bent, as it is called, or red top grass, will do with less drying than some other grasses.
1875 Gardener's Monthly Oct. 291/2 We, many of us here, think the Rhode Island Bent grass, pure and simple, superior to any other.
1919 R. A. Moore & C. P. Halligan Plant Production ii. xix. 389 On very sandy soil the Rhode Island bent grass thrives well, while in very shady places the woodland meadow grass may be used.
1946 A. Nelson Princ. Agric. Bot. viii. 204 (table) Some Common Grasses... Brown Bent or Velvet Bent-Grass..Brown-top, Colonial Bent or Rhode Island Bent-Grass [etc.].
2007 K. H. W. Klages Ecol. Crop Geogr. 559 Colonial, also designated as Rhode Island bent (A. tenuis), is extensively employed as a pasture grass in the New England states and in New York.
5. Rhode Island greening n. a large North American green-skinned apple with crisp, acidic flesh, used chiefly for cooking; the tree producing this apple.
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the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular fruit-tree or -plant > [noun] > apple tree > varieties of
birtle-tree1483
wyde?1523
renneta1568
pearmain1597
codling tree1629
codling1651
passe-pomme1691
Rhode Island greening1795
Spitzenberg1795
tulip-apple1842
Wagener1848
sweet-bough1850
Lord Derby1862
Chinese crab1882
the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > fruit or a fruit > apple > [noun] > eating-apple > types of
costardc1390
bitter-sweet1393
Queening?1435
richardine?1435
blaundrellc1440
pear apple1440
tuberc1440
quarrendenc1450
birtle1483
deusan1570
apple-john1572
Richard1572
lording1573
greening1577
queen apple1579
peeler1580
darling1584
doucin1584
golding1589
puffin1589
lady's longing1591
bitter-sweeting1597
pearmain1597
paradise apple1598
garden globe1600
gastlet1600
leather-coat1600
maligar1600
pome-paradise1601
French pippin1629
gillyflower1629
king apple1635
lady apple1651
golden pippin1654
goldling1655
puff1655
cardinal1658
green fillet1662
chestnut1664
cinnamon apple1664
fenouil1664
go-no-further1664
Westbury apple1664
seek-no-farther1670
nonsuch1676
calville1691
passe-pomme1691
fennel apple1699
queen1699
genet1706
fig-apple1707
oaken pin1707
nonpareil1726
costing1731
monstrous reinette1731
Newtown pippin1760
Ribston1782
Rhode Island greening1795
oslin1801
fall pippin1803
monstrous pippin1817
Newtown Spitzenburg1817
Gravenstein1821
Red Astrachan1822
Tolman sweet1822
grange apple1823
orange pippin1823
Baldwin1826
Sturmer Pippin1831
Newtowner1846
Northern Spy1847
Blenheim Orange1860
Cox1860
McIntosh Red1876
Worcester1877
raspberry apple1894
delicious1898
Laxton's Superb1920
Macoun1924
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular types of fruit > [noun] > apple > eating-apple > types of
costardc1390
bitter-sweet1393
pippin?1435
pomewater?1435
Queening?1435
richardine?1435
blaundrellc1440
pear apple1440
tuberc1440
quarrendenc1450
birtle1483
sweeting1530
pomeroyal1534
renneta1568
deusan1570
apple-john1572
Richard1572
lording1573
russeting1573
greening1577
queen apple1579
peeler1580
reinette1582
darling1584
doucin1584
golding1589
puffin1589
lady's longing1591
bitter-sweeting1597
pearmain1597
paradise apple1598
garden globe1600
gastlet1600
leather-coat1600
maligar1600
pomeroy1600
short-start1600
jenneting1601
pome-paradise1601
russet coat1602
John apple1604
honey apple1611
honeymeal1611
musk apple1611
short-shank1611
spice apple1611
French pippin1629
king apple1635
lady apple1651
golden pippin1654
goldling1655
puff1655
cardinal1658
renneting1658
green fillet1662
chestnut1664
cinnamon apple1664
fenouil1664
go-no-further1664
reinetting1664
Westbury apple1664
seek-no-farther1670
nonsuch1676
white-wining1676
russet1686
calville1691
fennel apple1699
queen1699
genet1706
fig-apple1707
oaken pin1707
musk1708
nonpareil1726
costing1731
monstrous reinette1731
Newtown pippin1760
Ribston1782
Rhode Island greening1795
oslin1801
wine apple1802
fall pippin1803
monstrous pippin1817
Newtown Spitzenburg1817
Gravenstein1821
Red Astrachan1822
Tolman sweet1822
grange apple1823
orange pippin1823
Baldwin1826
wine-sap1826
Jonathan1831
Sturmer Pippin1831
rusty-coat1843
Newtowner1846
Northern Spy1847
Cornish gilliflowerc1850
Blenheim Orange1860
Cox1860
nutmeg pippin1860
McIntosh Red1876
Worcester1877
raspberry apple1894
delicious1898
Laxton's Superb1920
Melba apple1928
Melba1933
Mutsu1951
Newtown1953
discovery1964
1795 J. Jay Let. 12 Dec. in Columbia Libr. Columns (1970) May 43 Ten are of a kind called Rhode Island Greenings.
1817 W. Coxe View Cultiv. Fruit Trees 129 Jersey, or Rhode-Island Greening. Sometimes called the Burlington Greening.
1884 E. P. Roe Nature's Serial Story 400 Those umbrella-shaped trees are Rhode Island greenings.
1914 F. C. Sears Productive Orcharding xviii. 255 Kings, Suttons and Rhode Island Greenings picked September 15 and stored within three days, kept in good condition until March.
1994 Harrowsmith Country Life Dec. 33/1 What a shame to cut down a ‘Rhode Island Greening’, which yields a tart baking apple known in 1650 to be a good winter keeper and a superb variety for drying.
6. Rhode Island johnnycake n. (also Rhode Island jonnycake) [ < the name of Rhode Island + johnnycake n.] a small cake, typically made with white maize meal and baked in a pan.
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the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > bread > loaf > [noun] > flat cake of bread
cakec1225
tharf-cake1362
cake-breadc1400
bannock1483
bere bannockc1550
torte1555
fadge1609
breadcake1635
riddle cake1673
jonikin1676
tortilla1699
cookie1701
johnnycake1739
journey cake1754
galette1775
pone1796
riddle bread1797
ash-cake1809
chapatti1810
papad1813
poppadom1820
puri1831
roti1838
Rhode Island johnnycake1866
wrap1969
chapo1993
1866 Ladies' Repository Dec. 736/2 All of the boarders like Rhode Island johnny-cakes for breakfast.
1894 Amer. Monthly Mag. Feb. 116 This was his opinion of our famous Rhode Island Johnny cake.
1949 Los Angeles Times 13 Nov. (This Week Mag.) 28/3 Rhode Island johnnycake must be made of Rhode Island white meal ground of flint corn, ground within the boundaries of the state.
2002 P. Foulke & R. Foulke Daytrips & Getaway Weekends in Connecticut, Rhode Island, & Mass. 67 The Keeping Room has a large fireplace complete with a recipe for Rhode Island johnnycakes on the hearth.
7.
a. Rhode Island Red n. a utility breed of domestic fowl developed in Rhode Island and Massachusetts, typically having deep brownish-red plumage, and the basis of many modern hybrids; a bird of this breed.
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the world > animals > birds > order Galliformes (fowls) > family Phasianidae (pheasants, etc.) > genus Gallus (domestic fowl) > [noun] > types of
rumpkin1676
bantam1749
Jersey blue1758
Dorking1779
Plymouth Rock1806
Java1813
shack-bag1816
Negro fowl1835
creeper1847
Minorca1848
cuckoo fowl1850
Leghorn1850
Brahmapootra1851
Ancona1853
shanghai1853
Andalusian1854
Bolton bay1854
Corsican cock1854
jacinth1854
Minorca1854
spangle1854
yellow leg1854
Crèvecœur1855
sultan1855
Hamburg1857
Leghorn1857
Yokohama1865
Houdan1871
Langshan1871
Wyandot1881
sultan hen1882
silkie1885
Orpington1887
rock1889
silver-grey1889
Campine1892
Rhode Island Red1893
Faverolles1902
Rhode Island White1905
Malines1906
Rhode Island1914
Australorp1922
maranc1934
1893 8th & 9th Ann. Rep. Bureau Animal Industry 1891–2 (U.S. Dept. Agric.) 330 The original Rhode Island Red, I am informed, is..a single comb, reddish buff fowl, hardy and very prolific in eggs.
1902 Outing Apr. 64/2 The Rhode Island Red has originated in this country. A certain Mr. William Tripp, then of Little Compton, in the State of Rhode Island, bought from a neighbour..a rose-combed Brown Leghorn cockerel to cross upon his flock of buff Malay hens.
1931 E. Caldwell Amer. Earth 76 We lived on a small farm and had..a flock of Rhode Island Red chickens.
1977 J. Hodgins Invention of World (1978) iii. 51 A dozen Rhode Island Reds Anna looked after for their eggs.
2007 M. Richards Growing Wild on Exmoor 92 Jack's father..would wander round his garden talking to his Rhode Island Reds.
b. Rhode Island White n. a variety of the Rhode Island Red having white plumage; a bird of this variety.
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the world > animals > birds > order Galliformes (fowls) > family Phasianidae (pheasants, etc.) > genus Gallus (domestic fowl) > [noun] > types of
rumpkin1676
bantam1749
Jersey blue1758
Dorking1779
Plymouth Rock1806
Java1813
shack-bag1816
Negro fowl1835
creeper1847
Minorca1848
cuckoo fowl1850
Leghorn1850
Brahmapootra1851
Ancona1853
shanghai1853
Andalusian1854
Bolton bay1854
Corsican cock1854
jacinth1854
Minorca1854
spangle1854
yellow leg1854
Crèvecœur1855
sultan1855
Hamburg1857
Leghorn1857
Yokohama1865
Houdan1871
Langshan1871
Wyandot1881
sultan hen1882
silkie1885
Orpington1887
rock1889
silver-grey1889
Campine1892
Rhode Island Red1893
Faverolles1902
Rhode Island White1905
Malines1906
Rhode Island1914
Australorp1922
maranc1934
1905 Mass. Ploughman 13 May 3/2 My choice of breeds are the Rhode Island Whites as I am the originator of this breed, but the Wyandotte, Plymouth Rock, or Rhode Island Reds are good business breeds.
1949 F. B. Hutt Genetics Fowl 16 Color is the sole difference between the Rhode Island Whites and Rhode Island Reds.
2002 Biosyst. Engin. 83 374/2 The most popular commercial layer type lines, White Leghorn, Rhode Island White and Rhode Island Red, were chosen for the investigation.
II. Simple uses.
8. A domestic fowl of the Rhode Island Red breed (see sense 7a).
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the world > animals > birds > order Galliformes (fowls) > family Phasianidae (pheasants, etc.) > genus Gallus (domestic fowl) > [noun] > types of
rumpkin1676
bantam1749
Jersey blue1758
Dorking1779
Plymouth Rock1806
Java1813
shack-bag1816
Negro fowl1835
creeper1847
Minorca1848
cuckoo fowl1850
Leghorn1850
Brahmapootra1851
Ancona1853
shanghai1853
Andalusian1854
Bolton bay1854
Corsican cock1854
jacinth1854
Minorca1854
spangle1854
yellow leg1854
Crèvecœur1855
sultan1855
Hamburg1857
Leghorn1857
Yokohama1865
Houdan1871
Langshan1871
Wyandot1881
sultan hen1882
silkie1885
Orpington1887
rock1889
silver-grey1889
Campine1892
Rhode Island Red1893
Faverolles1902
Rhode Island White1905
Malines1906
Rhode Island1914
Australorp1922
maranc1934
1914 F. N. S. Allen Her Wings xix. 271 The chickens, too, expressed the spring..sun glinting on gloss of green-black Minorcans.., russett of Rhode Islands, pure snow..of Leghorns [etc.].
1992 C. Harvey Legacy of Love (BNC) 216 My Rhode Islands lay such beautiful brown speckled ones with yolks like marigolds.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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