rheinn.

Brit.

/ˈriːɪn/, U.S.

/ˈriɪn/

Forms: 1800s– rhein, 1800s– rheine.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation; modelled on a French lexical item. Etymons: Rheum n.², -in suffix¹.

Etymology: < rhe- (in Rheum n.²) + -in suffix¹, in sense 1 after French rhéine (Vaudin 1826, in Jrnl. de chim. méd. 2 286).

Chemistry.

1. An acid isolated from rhubarb, later identified with chrysophanic acid. Cf. rhabarbaric acid n. at rhabarbaric adj. Now disused.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > acids obtained from plants or trees > [noun]

vegetable acid1698

rhein1827

igasuric acid1830

rheumin1832

rheic acid1838

strychnic acid1840

1827 Philos. Mag. 2nd Ser. 2 68 M. Vaudin, by treating one part of rhubarb with eight parts of nitric acid at 35° (Baumé) with a gentle heat, and then reducing it to the consistence of a syrup and diluting it with water, observed that a peculiar substance was precipitated, which he has called Rheine.

1857 W. A. Miller Elements Chem.: Org. III. 517 The root of the common Rhubarb yields a yellow colouring matter, termed rhein or chrysophanic acid.

1906 H. W. Felter & J. U. Lloyd King's Amer. Dispensatory (ed. 19) I. 46 This coloring matter had been known under the names of rheine, rheumine, rhabarberic acid, rhubarb yellow, etc.

2. A yellow crystalline acid occurring in rhubarb, cassia, and some other plants.Systematic name: 1,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone-3-carboxylic acid; C₁₅H₈O₆.

ΚΠ

1895 O. Hesse in Pharmaceut. Jrnl. 19 Oct. 326 I proceeded to examine the above-mentioned crystalline powder, which consisted essentially of chrysophanic acid, emodin, and a new substance, rhëin.

1948 Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 75 581 Identity of ‘cassic acid’ with rhein establishes its structure as 4,5-dihydroxy anthraquinone 2-carboxylic acid.

1963 Brit. Pharmaceut. Codex 718 The drug [sc. senna leaf] also contains rhein, aloe-emodin, kæmpferol and isorhamnetin.

1994 Health Naturally (Nobel, Ont.) Feb. 23/2 It [sc. Turkish rhubarb] contains rhein, which can inhibit the growth of several pathogenic bacteria.

Derivatives

rheˈinic adj. rare rheinic acid n. = rheic acid n. at rheic adj.¹

ΚΠ

1859 Family Doctor II. 251/2 Rheinic Acid is the acid contained in the stem of the garden Rhubarb; it appears to be identical with Oxalic Acid.

1878 U.S. Homœopathic Pharmacopœia 224 Rumex obtusifolius... Active principles.—Chrysophane. (Chrysophanic acid. Rumicin. Rheinic acid. Rhubarbin.)

1922 E. E. F. D'Albe tr. Richter's Org. Chem. II. 716 Dioxy-methyl-anthraquinone..is chrysophanic or rheinic acid, melting at 178°... It exists in senna leaves..and in the root of rhubarb.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	rhein
释义	rheinn. Brit. /ˈriːɪn/, U.S. /ˈriɪn/ Forms: 1800s– rhein, 1800s– rheine. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation; modelled on a French lexical item. Etymons: Rheum n.², -in suffix¹. Etymology: < rhe- (in Rheum n.²) + -in suffix¹, in sense 1 after French rhéine (Vaudin 1826, in Jrnl. de chim. méd. 2 286). Chemistry. 1. An acid isolated from rhubarb, later identified with chrysophanic acid. Cf. rhabarbaric acid n. at rhabarbaric adj. Now disused. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > acids obtained from plants or trees > [noun] vegetable acid1698 rhein1827 igasuric acid1830 rheumin1832 rheic acid1838 strychnic acid1840 1827 Philos. Mag. 2nd Ser. 2 68 M. Vaudin, by treating one part of rhubarb with eight parts of nitric acid at 35° (Baumé) with a gentle heat, and then reducing it to the consistence of a syrup and diluting it with water, observed that a peculiar substance was precipitated, which he has called Rheine. 1857 W. A. Miller Elements Chem.: Org. III. 517 The root of the common Rhubarb yields a yellow colouring matter, termed rhein or chrysophanic acid. 1906 H. W. Felter & J. U. Lloyd King's Amer. Dispensatory (ed. 19) I. 46 This coloring matter had been known under the names of rheine, rheumine, rhabarberic acid, rhubarb yellow, etc. 2. A yellow crystalline acid occurring in rhubarb, cassia, and some other plants.Systematic name: 1,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone-3-carboxylic acid; C₁₅H₈O₆. ΚΠ 1895 O. Hesse in Pharmaceut. Jrnl. 19 Oct. 326 I proceeded to examine the above-mentioned crystalline powder, which consisted essentially of chrysophanic acid, emodin, and a new substance, rhëin. 1948 Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 75 581 Identity of ‘cassic acid’ with rhein establishes its structure as 4,5-dihydroxy anthraquinone 2-carboxylic acid. 1963 Brit. Pharmaceut. Codex 718 The drug [sc. senna leaf] also contains rhein, aloe-emodin, kæmpferol and isorhamnetin. 1994 Health Naturally (Nobel, Ont.) Feb. 23/2 It [sc. Turkish rhubarb] contains rhein, which can inhibit the growth of several pathogenic bacteria. Derivatives rheˈinic adj. rare rheinic acid n. = rheic acid n. at rheic adj.¹ ΚΠ 1859 Family Doctor II. 251/2 Rheinic Acid is the acid contained in the stem of the garden Rhubarb; it appears to be identical with Oxalic Acid. 1878 U.S. Homœopathic Pharmacopœia 224 Rumex obtusifolius... Active principles.—Chrysophane. (Chrysophanic acid. Rumicin. Rheinic acid. Rhubarbin.) 1922 E. E. F. D'Albe tr. Richter's Org. Chem. II. 716 Dioxy-methyl-anthraquinone..is chrysophanic or rheinic acid, melting at 178°... It exists in senna leaves..and in the root of rhubarb. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1827
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