retrospectionn.

Brit.

/ˌrɛtrə(ʊ)ˈspɛkʃn/, U.S.

/ˌrɛtrəˈspɛkʃ(ə)n/

Origin: A borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element. Etymons: Latin retrospect- , retrospicere , -ion suffix¹.

Etymology: < post-classical Latin retrospect-, past participial stem of retrospicere (see retrospect v.) + -ion suffix¹. Compare earlier retrospect n., and also prospection n.Blount (1656) records a post-classical Latin form retrospectio as etymon, but this word is apparently not attested in Latin authors. N.E.D. (1908) also gives the pronunciation (rītrospe·kʃən) /riːtrəʊˈspɛkʃən/.

a. A contemplation of the past, esp. with reference to one's own life or experience; a recollection.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > memory > retrospection, reminiscence > [noun] > instance of

retrospection1624

reminiscence1797

1624 E. Bolton Nero Caesar 285 Domitian..by the terrour of such a retrospection, commanded this noble freedman to die.

1695 J. Collier Misc. upon Moral Subj. 173 I must own that pleasant Retrospections, and easy Thoughts,..are admirable Opiates.

1796 E. Parsons Myst. Warning III. 93 For myself, a retrospection on the past, and the prospect of the future, was so dark.

1806 T. S. Surr Winter in London II. ii. 28 Edward..passed the greater part of the journey in a retrospection of his past life and feelings.

1875 A. Helps Social Pressure xxiv. 360 The most remarkable change that, on this retrospection, we discover in ourselves.

1924 C. Dobie in B. C. Williams O. Henry Prize Stories (1925) 109 He was content to drowse in a feverish retrospection.

1992 Jrnl. Consumer Res. 18 494/2 Individuals' retrospections about specific emotional episodes should improve prediction.

b. A survey or review of past acts or events, esp. with reference to a particular subject or sphere.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > enquiry > investigation, inspection > inspection, survey > [noun]

surveyancec1386

surveying1467

survey1548

reviewing1573

review1604

traverse1658

retrospection1661

surveyala1677

reconnaissance1815

reconnoissance1824

look-see1876

look-over1883

reconnoitre1891

poke round1901

traversal1903

recce1941

tour d'horizon1952

the mind > mental capacity > memory > retrospection, reminiscence > [noun] > instance of > survey

review1611

revision1619

retrospect1626

retrospection1661

recherche du temps perdu1932

the world > time > relative time > the past > [noun] > review of some past course of events

aftercasta1393

retrospect1659

retrospection1753

1661 J. Fell Life T. Fuller 48 This constrained retrospection of the Doctors..did a little retard and impede the arriere of his labours.

1699 S. Pepys Upon Present State Christ-hospital sig. B What is there to be rely'd-on of Fruit from the Retrospections said to be now on foot there?

1753 S. Richardson Hist. Sir Charles Grandison IV. xv. 110 He and his nephew were both determined to procure a retrospection of all former proceedings.

1812 E. Nares I'll consider of It! III. 207 I should take a retrospection of all my several characters, and inform the reader..how they were..employed.

1844 J. Macfarlane Mem. J. Campbell II. 34 Doing so would lead to the discussion of topics rather apart from the design of this retrospection.

1919 A. Sullivan Aviation in Canada 1917–1918 257 In a retrospection of the general operations of the brigade it has been impossible to find a scene of operations better organized than this Repair Park.

2001 S. Tucker Burma 241 [This work] contains a useful retrospection of the failure of Burma's parliamentary government.

†a. literal. The action of looking back. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > seeing or looking > [noun] > looking back

again-tootc1400

retrospection1633

1633 T. Adams Comm. 2 Peter (iii. 18) 1521 Thinke upon his [sc. Lot's] wives retardation and retrospection.

b. The action of looking back on past time or events; contemplation of the past.In quot. 1654: the period over which such contemplation extends.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > memory > retrospection, reminiscence > [noun]

reminiscion1607

afterview1632

retro-aspect1638

retrospection1654

harking1885

reminiscing1895

time travelling1934

1654 T. White Apol. Rushworth's Dialogues 12 Betwixt Constantine and the Apostles; the time being so short that it scarce exceeds the retrospection of those who liv'd with Constantine.

1661 J. Gauden Στρατοστη Λιτευτικον To Rdr. sig. A4 But he sees sins too late, who doth it..by retrospection only in the glass of punishment.

1715 E. Ward Hist. Grand Rebellion (ed. 2) II. 342 But these were Actions of the former Year, And introduc'd by retrospection here.

1735 J. Swift To Janus in Wks. II. 465 When thy Retrospection vast, Sees the glorious Ages past.

1755 E. Young Centaur v, in Wks. (1757) IV. 215 A man can see himself in retrospection only.

1847 J. Yeowell Chron. Anc. Brit. Church Pref. iv He looks back on its earliest dawn with pleasing retrospection.

1860 W. Collins Woman in White III. vi. 82 The narrative which goes far enough back..to avoid all impediments of retrospection in its course.

1905 E. Wharton House of Mirth i. xiii. 225 She could not bear to mar her mood of luxurious retrospection.

1948 Sci. Monthly Sept. 242/2 The Centennial naturally provokes retrospection, introspection, and prospection.

1999 Chicago Daily Herald (Nexis) 14 Nov. 5 The holiday season is a time for retrospection, for a look at Christmases past.

3. Chiefly Law. Retrospective effect or action; (also) an instance of this.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > relative time > the past > [noun] > application or operation with regard to past time

retrospection1650

retrospect1662

retroaction1728

retroactivity1829

1650 E. Andrewe in F. Buckley True Relat. Tryal Col. Andrewe (1660) 45 It is not the mending of the fault, but the destruction of the person which is manifestly designed in these Articles of Retrospection.

1657 T. Burton Diary (1828) I. 310 By the Bill, you punish men wholly for an offence before committed. It lies altogether upon retrospection.

1733 P. Shaw tr. F. Bacon De Augmentis Scientarum in Philos. Wks. I. 250 In fraudulent and evasive Cases, 'tis just for Laws to carry a Retrospection.

1759 W. Harte Hist. Life Gustavus Adolphus I. 120 By way of encouragement to those who submitted frankly..all past profits were to be allowed them: whereas at the same time a retrospection in this point was threatened to the refractory.

1842 Pennsylvania Law Jrnl. 1 330 The decrees should directly or by retrospection operate from the filing of the petition.

1877 Southern Law Rev. Oct. 581 Judicial legislation is much worse than legislative retrospection.

1906 Commonw. Austral. Parl. Deb. XXXV. 6127/1 We have no wish to make persons tortfeasors by retrospection.

1979 Irish Times 28 Sept. 5/3 There was no reason why the scheme should not be introduced at once, and applied with retrospection to the hospital doctors, who..were holding up the application.

1999 Times 28 May 2/5 Their arguments are based on retrospection of the law.

a. The action or an act of referring back to something. Also without construction: reference or allusion to past events. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > memory > retrospection, reminiscence > [noun] > returning to a topic

retrogradation1587

retire1589

retrospection1685

recurrence1751

1685 J. Jackson et al. Annot. Holy Bible II. (Mark ix. 49) sig. R^v/1 Those who would rightly understand it, must have a Retrospection to the six verses immediately preceding.

a1690 S. Jeake Λογιστικηλογία (1696) 374 A Retrospection thither may save a large Repetition of the Rules here.

1707 G. Hickes Two Treat. ii. i. 240 Without any retrospection to old Principles.

1765 S. Foote Commissary i. 18 It is best, Polly, in order to prevent all retrospection, that we settle accounts before you change your condition.

1796 E. Parsons Myst. Warning IV. 68 Studious to avoid any retrospection to unpleasant scenes.

1807 G. Chalmers Caledonia I. i. i. 2 Yet, must all these topics be introduced to the attention..by retrospection to the pristine ages.

1844 District School Jrnl. N.Y. Feb. 164/1 A retrospection to the records of the past will exhibit preceding generations in no enviable point of view.

2004 L. M. Teugels Bible & Midrash v. 110 The one instance of divine speech in our story occurs in a retrospection to a past dialogue between God and Abraham.

†b. Reference or relation to a person; an instance of this. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > attention > [noun] > to someone else

regard1726

retrospection1747

1747 S. Richardson Clarissa II. xxxiv. 232 Such a retrospection in her arguments to him.

1753 S. Richardson Hist. Sir Charles Grandison II. iv. 44 I should abhor myself..if I had any retrospection to myself.

†5. A retrogressive course of thought. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > memory > retrospection, reminiscence > [noun] > instance of > in thought

retrospection1870

1870 J. H. Newman Ess. Gram. Assent ii. viii. 262 The long retrospection lodges us at length at..first principles.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	retrospection
释义	retrospectionn. Brit. /ˌrɛtrə(ʊ)ˈspɛkʃn/, U.S. /ˌrɛtrəˈspɛkʃ(ə)n/ Origin: A borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element. Etymons: Latin retrospect- , retrospicere , -ion suffix¹. Etymology: < post-classical Latin retrospect-, past participial stem of retrospicere (see retrospect v.) + -ion suffix¹. Compare earlier retrospect n., and also prospection n.Blount (1656) records a post-classical Latin form retrospectio as etymon, but this word is apparently not attested in Latin authors. N.E.D. (1908) also gives the pronunciation (rītrospe·kʃən) /riːtrəʊˈspɛkʃən/. 1. a. A contemplation of the past, esp. with reference to one's own life or experience; a recollection. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > memory > retrospection, reminiscence > [noun] > instance of retrospection1624 reminiscence1797 1624 E. Bolton Nero Caesar 285 Domitian..by the terrour of such a retrospection, commanded this noble freedman to die. 1695 J. Collier Misc. upon Moral Subj. 173 I must own that pleasant Retrospections, and easy Thoughts,..are admirable Opiates. 1796 E. Parsons Myst. Warning III. 93 For myself, a retrospection on the past, and the prospect of the future, was so dark. 1806 T. S. Surr Winter in London II. ii. 28 Edward..passed the greater part of the journey in a retrospection of his past life and feelings. 1875 A. Helps Social Pressure xxiv. 360 The most remarkable change that, on this retrospection, we discover in ourselves. 1924 C. Dobie in B. C. Williams O. Henry Prize Stories (1925) 109 He was content to drowse in a feverish retrospection. 1992 Jrnl. Consumer Res. 18 494/2 Individuals' retrospections about specific emotional episodes should improve prediction. b. A survey or review of past acts or events, esp. with reference to a particular subject or sphere. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > enquiry > investigation, inspection > inspection, survey > [noun] surveyancec1386 surveying1467 survey1548 view1569 reviewing1573 review1604 traverse1658 retrospection1661 surveyala1677 reconnaissance1815 reconnoissance1824 look-see1876 look-over1883 reconnoitre1891 poke round1901 traversal1903 recce1941 tour d'horizon1952 the mind > mental capacity > memory > retrospection, reminiscence > [noun] > instance of > survey review1611 revision1619 retrospect1626 retrospection1661 recherche du temps perdu1932 the world > time > relative time > the past > [noun] > review of some past course of events aftercasta1393 retrospect1659 retrospection1753 1661 J. Fell Life T. Fuller 48 This constrained retrospection of the Doctors..did a little retard and impede the arriere of his labours. 1699 S. Pepys Upon Present State Christ-hospital sig. B What is there to be rely'd-on of Fruit from the Retrospections said to be now on foot there? 1753 S. Richardson Hist. Sir Charles Grandison IV. xv. 110 He and his nephew were both determined to procure a retrospection of all former proceedings. 1812 E. Nares I'll consider of It! III. 207 I should take a retrospection of all my several characters, and inform the reader..how they were..employed. 1844 J. Macfarlane Mem. J. Campbell II. 34 Doing so would lead to the discussion of topics rather apart from the design of this retrospection. 1919 A. Sullivan Aviation in Canada 1917–1918 257 In a retrospection of the general operations of the brigade it has been impossible to find a scene of operations better organized than this Repair Park. 2001 S. Tucker Burma 241 [This work] contains a useful retrospection of the failure of Burma's parliamentary government. 2. †a. literal. The action of looking back. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > seeing or looking > [noun] > looking back again-tootc1400 retrospection1633 1633 T. Adams Comm. 2 Peter (iii. 18) 1521 Thinke upon his [sc. Lot's] wives retardation and retrospection. b. The action of looking back on past time or events; contemplation of the past.In quot. 1654: the period over which such contemplation extends. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > memory > retrospection, reminiscence > [noun] reminiscion1607 afterview1632 retro-aspect1638 retrospection1654 harking1885 reminiscing1895 time travelling1934 1654 T. White Apol. Rushworth's Dialogues 12 Betwixt Constantine and the Apostles; the time being so short that it scarce exceeds the retrospection of those who liv'd with Constantine. 1661 J. Gauden Στρατοστη Λιτευτικον To Rdr. sig. A4 But he sees sins too late, who doth it..by retrospection only in the glass of punishment. 1715 E. Ward Hist. Grand Rebellion (ed. 2) II. 342 But these were Actions of the former Year, And introduc'd by retrospection here. 1735 J. Swift To Janus in Wks. II. 465 When thy Retrospection vast, Sees the glorious Ages past. 1755 E. Young Centaur v, in Wks. (1757) IV. 215 A man can see himself in retrospection only. 1847 J. Yeowell Chron. Anc. Brit. Church Pref. iv He looks back on its earliest dawn with pleasing retrospection. 1860 W. Collins Woman in White III. vi. 82 The narrative which goes far enough back..to avoid all impediments of retrospection in its course. 1905 E. Wharton House of Mirth i. xiii. 225 She could not bear to mar her mood of luxurious retrospection. 1948 Sci. Monthly Sept. 242/2 The Centennial naturally provokes retrospection, introspection, and prospection. 1999 Chicago Daily Herald (Nexis) 14 Nov. 5 The holiday season is a time for retrospection, for a look at Christmases past. 3. Chiefly Law. Retrospective effect or action; (also) an instance of this. ΘΚΠ the world > time > relative time > the past > [noun] > application or operation with regard to past time retrospection1650 retrospect1662 retroaction1728 retroactivity1829 1650 E. Andrewe in F. Buckley True Relat. Tryal Col. Andrewe (1660) 45 It is not the mending of the fault, but the destruction of the person which is manifestly designed in these Articles of Retrospection. 1657 T. Burton Diary (1828) I. 310 By the Bill, you punish men wholly for an offence before committed. It lies altogether upon retrospection. 1733 P. Shaw tr. F. Bacon De Augmentis Scientarum in Philos. Wks. I. 250 In fraudulent and evasive Cases, 'tis just for Laws to carry a Retrospection. 1759 W. Harte Hist. Life Gustavus Adolphus I. 120 By way of encouragement to those who submitted frankly..all past profits were to be allowed them: whereas at the same time a retrospection in this point was threatened to the refractory. 1842 Pennsylvania Law Jrnl. 1 330 The decrees should directly or by retrospection operate from the filing of the petition. 1877 Southern Law Rev. Oct. 581 Judicial legislation is much worse than legislative retrospection. 1906 Commonw. Austral. Parl. Deb. XXXV. 6127/1 We have no wish to make persons tortfeasors by retrospection. 1979 Irish Times 28 Sept. 5/3 There was no reason why the scheme should not be introduced at once, and applied with retrospection to the hospital doctors, who..were holding up the application. 1999 Times 28 May 2/5 Their arguments are based on retrospection of the law. 4. a. The action or an act of referring back to something. Also without construction: reference or allusion to past events. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > memory > retrospection, reminiscence > [noun] > returning to a topic retrogradation1587 retire1589 retrospection1685 recurrence1751 1685 J. Jackson et al. Annot. Holy Bible II. (Mark ix. 49) sig. R^v/1 Those who would rightly understand it, must have a Retrospection to the six verses immediately preceding. a1690 S. Jeake Λογιστικηλογία (1696) 374 A Retrospection thither may save a large Repetition of the Rules here. 1707 G. Hickes Two Treat. ii. i. 240 Without any retrospection to old Principles. 1765 S. Foote Commissary i. 18 It is best, Polly, in order to prevent all retrospection, that we settle accounts before you change your condition. 1796 E. Parsons Myst. Warning IV. 68 Studious to avoid any retrospection to unpleasant scenes. 1807 G. Chalmers Caledonia I. i. i. 2 Yet, must all these topics be introduced to the attention..by retrospection to the pristine ages. 1844 District School Jrnl. N.Y. Feb. 164/1 A retrospection to the records of the past will exhibit preceding generations in no enviable point of view. 2004 L. M. Teugels Bible & Midrash v. 110 The one instance of divine speech in our story occurs in a retrospection to a past dialogue between God and Abraham. †b. Reference or relation to a person; an instance of this. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > attention > [noun] > to someone else regard1726 retrospection1747 1747 S. Richardson Clarissa II. xxxiv. 232 Such a retrospection in her arguments to him. 1753 S. Richardson Hist. Sir Charles Grandison II. iv. 44 I should abhor myself..if I had any retrospection to myself. †5. A retrogressive course of thought. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > memory > retrospection, reminiscence > [noun] > instance of > in thought retrospection1870 1870 J. H. Newman Ess. Gram. Assent ii. viii. 262 The long retrospection lodges us at length at..first principles. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1624
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