ricketsn.

Brit.

/ˈrɪkɪts/, U.S.

/ˈrɪkᵻts/

Forms:

α. (In plural form) 1600s rackets, 1600s rekets, 1600s ricketts, 1600s rikets, 1600s– rickets.

β. (In singular form, only in compounds and derivatives) 1600s– ricket.

Origin: Of uncertain origin.

Etymology: Origin uncertain. Both the disease and the word were apparently first recorded in the south-west of England in the first half of the 17th cent. Perhaps compare wrick v.¹ or later rick v.² (and wrick v.²), or perhaps compare Swedish regional ricka to totter, rock, sway. Compare rachitis n. It is perhaps not impossible, as suggested by Glisson (see below) that rachitis n. was the original word, and that rackets, rekets, rickets, etc. are simply popular alterations of it.Whistler (see quot. 1645 at sense 1a) states that the disease had first come to notice about 26 years before the time that he was writing, and was said to have been named after someone who tried to cure it empirically, but that others derived it from the English regional (Dorset) word rucket ‘to breathe with difficulty’ (which is apparently not otherwise recorded, although compare rucket ‘a loud, confused noise’ in Eng. Dial. Dict. at rucket sb.², and likewise rick and ricket in similar use, and also racket n.²). Glisson ( De Rachitide (1650), translated into English as A Treatise of the Rickets (1651)), says the disease was first noticed in Dorset and Somerset, and had only gradually extended over the south of England. His own suggestion is that the word was a corruption of Hellenistic Greek ῥαχῖτις (designating νόσος ), feminine form of ancient Greek ῥαχίτης in or of the spine. From this he derived the Latin noun form rachitis (see rachitis n.). The preface to Glisson's work states that it is based on a recension of papers by eight physicians written some five years previously, i.e. c1645.

a. A disease of children caused by vitamin D deficiency, which results in abnormal calcium and phosphorus metabolism and deficient mineralization of bone (osteomalacia) with skeletal deformity. In later use also (chiefly with distinguishing word): any of various other diseases resembling this, affecting children, adults, or animals, and typically of metabolic, nutritional, or renal origin. Formerly usually with the. Cf. rachitis n. 1.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > diseases of tissue > disorders of bones > [noun] > rickets

English disease1609

rickets1634

rachitis1668

ricketiness1673

English sickness1707

innutrition of the bones1796

rosary1872

rickety rosary1873

1634 Parish Clerks' Company Bill of Mortality (Guildhall Library St. 424.9) f. 10 The Diseases and Casualties this yeere..Quinsie - 4 Rickets - 14.

1645 D. Whistler (title) Disputatio medica inauguralis, de morbo puerili Anglorum, quem patrio idiomate indigenæ vocant ‘The Rickets’.

1650 J. Bulwer Anthropometamorphosis xix. 188 This new Disease, commonly called the Rickets, or more properly the Rackets.

1661 J. Bird Ostenta Carolina 53 The Disease is not exprest by a word of the singular number reket, but plurally rekets.

a1699 W. Temple Ess. Health & Long Life in Wks. (1720) I. 28 When I was very young, nothing was so much feared or talk'd of as Rickets among Children.

1718 J. Quincy Pharmacopœia Officinalis 102 It passes with some for almost a Specifick, in the Rickets.

1769 W. Buchan Domest. Med. i. 39 Many diseases, as the rickets, scrophula, &c. might thereby be prevented.

1835–6 Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. I. 440/1 Rickets, considered alone, is not very dangerous to life.

1861 ‘G. Eliot’ Silas Marner i. 4 Their dreadful stare could dart cramp, or rickets, or a wry mouth at any boy who happened to be in the rear.

1883 Medico-chirurg. Trans. 66 204 The characteristic symptoms of the so-called acute rickets..are not due to rickets at all but are truly scorbutic.

1926 G. V. Ashcroft in Jrnl. Bone & Joint Surg. 8 288 It is to the association of the typical clinical picture, the typical X-ray picture, and deficient renal function that the term Renal Rickets has been applied.

1939 J. C. Drummond & A. Wilbraham Englishman's Food viii. 182 Rickets..came to be generally known on the Continent as ‘The English Disease’ (Die englische Krankheit).

1953 D. Bryant Cat Bk. v. iv. 206 A kitten with rickets usually has a distended abdomen.

1984 M. J. Taussig Processes in Pathol. & Microbiol. (ed. 2) vii. 838 There are very few dominant X-linked diseases. One example is vitamin D-resistant (hypophosphataemic) rickets.

2002 India Weekly 26 Apr. 5/5 Rickets, a bone disease thought to have been almost eradicated, is reemerging as a health concern in Britain among ethnic communities.

b. In figurative contexts and figurative.

ΚΠ

a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) i. 36 Hospitals generally have the Rickets, whose heads..grow over great and rich, whilest their poor bodies pine away and consume.

a1680 S. Butler Genuine Remains (1759) I. 226 Multitudes of Reverend Men and Critics Have got a kind of intellectual Rickets.

1689 M. Prior Epist. to F. Shephard 94 A Theme, Whose Props..help the Rickets in the Brain.

1871 B. Taylor tr. J. W. von Goethe Faust I. xiv. 182 Thy fancy's rickets plague thee not at all.

1911 Atlantic Monthly Feb. 147/2 These parents..seem utterly unconscious that mental rickets and curvature of the soul are far more deforming than crooked teeth.

1982 R. Davies High Spirits Introd. 2 Canada needs ghosts, as a dietary supplement, a vitamin taken to stave off that most dreadful of modern ailments, the Rational Rickets.

2. Chiefly English regional. A disease in domestic animals causing unsteadiness and irregularity of gait; esp. scrapie in sheep. Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > animal disease or disorder > disorders of sheep > [noun] > other disorders of sheep

pocka1325

soughta1400

pox1530

mad1573

winter rot1577

snuffa1585

leaf1587

leaf-sickness1614

redwater1614

mentigo1706

tag1736

white water1743

hog pox1749

rickets1755

side-ill1776

resp1789

sheep-fag1789

thorter-ill1791

vanquish1792

smallpox1793

shell-sicknessc1794

sickness1794

grass-ill1795

rub1800

pine1804

pining1804

sheep-pock1804

stinking ill1807

water sickness1807

core1818

wryneck1819

tag-belt1826

tag-sore1828

kibe1830

agalaxia1894

agalactia1897

lupinosis1899

trembling1902

struck1903

black disease1906

scrapie1910

renguerra1917

pulpy kidney1927

dopiness1932

blowfly strike1933

body strike1934

sleepy sickness1937

swayback1938

twin lamb disease1945

tick pyaemia1946

fly-strike1950

maedi1952

nematodiriasis1957

visna1957

maedi-visna1972

visna-maedi1972

1755 in T. Davis Gen. View Agric. Wilts. (1794) 27 A disorder, which they called the rickets, or shaking, had prevailed amongst their sheep.

1772 T. Comber Let. 17 Mar. in Real Improvem. Agric. 80 The poor animal..appears stupid, separates from the Flock, walks irregularly, (whence probably the Name of this Disease, Rickets) generally lies, and eats little.

1799 A. Young Gen. View Agrig. Lincs. 329 The meag runs, or rickets [in sheep], incurable.

1895 Queenslander 7 Dec. 1090 Rickets or Wobbles in Cattle.

1914 J. P. McGowan Investig. into Dis. of Sheep called ‘Scrapie’ i. 11 The disease has existed in Britain since before the middle of the eighteenth century under such names as ‘scrapie’, ‘scratchie’, ‘rubbers’, ‘rickets’, ‘goggles’, ‘shakings’, ‘shrew-croft’, and ‘cuddie-trot’.

2003 P. Cox You Don't Need Meat ii. 60 The reason was the emergence [in 1755], in epidemic proportions, of a disease they termed ‘rickets’... From contemporary accounts of the symptoms, it is clear that this disease was what we now know as scrapie.

†3. A form of blight in corn. Cf. rachitis n. 2. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > disease or injury > [noun] > type of disease > fungal > associated with crop or food plants > various diseases > blight

rubigoa1398

blicheningc1420

blast1577

brantcorn1578

blight1611

brand1640

uredo1706

rickets1759

coal brand1793

blister blight1877

1759 J. Mills tr. H. L. Duhamel du Monceau Pract. Treat. Husbandry ii. ii. 244 I perceived in May, that the corn was attacked with what is called the rickets [Fr. le Rachitisme]: the bad state of the roots of these plants, the colour of their blades,..left no room to doubt what ailed them.

Compounds

C1. General attributive, formed on the singular, as †ricket-body, †ricket reeling; also objective, as ricket-producing adj. rare.

ΚΠ

a1652 A. Wilson Hist. Great Brit. (1653) sig. A6^v The rest of the poor Members pine away, Like Ricket-Bodies, upwards over-grown.

a1796 R. Burns Poems & Songs (1968) II What scandal call'd Maria's jaunty stagger The ricket reeling of a crooked swagger?

1898 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. V. 616 Most of the foods..are ricket-producing foods also.

1962 R. H. Smythe Anat. Dog Breeding 83 The puppy is badly fed on a ricket-producing diet.

C2. General attributive and objective, formed on the plural.

ΚΠ

1907 Jrnl. Michigan State Med. Soc. 6 384/2 The well known spring increase in the number of rickets cases..he ascribes to the greater possibility of overfeeding in the winter.

1922 Lancet 25 Nov. 1119/1 A new complication had been recently introduced by E. V. McCollum, whose work appeared to show that the rickets factor was not vitamin A.

1966 Proc. Royal Soc. B. 164 10 At about 3 weeks of age..the group of males was weaned onto a rickets-producing diet.

2004 Progress Neuro-Psychopharmacol. & Biol. Psychiatry 28 260/1 They moved to Ankara in 1977 because their daughter required prolonged rickets treatment.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2010; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	rickets
释义	ricketsn. Brit. /ˈrɪkɪts/, U.S. /ˈrɪkᵻts/ Forms: α. (In plural form) 1600s rackets, 1600s rekets, 1600s ricketts, 1600s rikets, 1600s– rickets. β. (In singular form, only in compounds and derivatives) 1600s– ricket. Origin: Of uncertain origin. Etymology: Origin uncertain. Both the disease and the word were apparently first recorded in the south-west of England in the first half of the 17th cent. Perhaps compare wrick v.¹ or later rick v.² (and wrick v.²), or perhaps compare Swedish regional ricka to totter, rock, sway. Compare rachitis n. It is perhaps not impossible, as suggested by Glisson (see below) that rachitis n. was the original word, and that rackets, rekets, rickets, etc. are simply popular alterations of it.Whistler (see quot. 1645 at sense 1a) states that the disease had first come to notice about 26 years before the time that he was writing, and was said to have been named after someone who tried to cure it empirically, but that others derived it from the English regional (Dorset) word rucket ‘to breathe with difficulty’ (which is apparently not otherwise recorded, although compare rucket ‘a loud, confused noise’ in Eng. Dial. Dict. at rucket sb.², and likewise rick and ricket in similar use, and also racket n.²). Glisson ( De Rachitide (1650), translated into English as A Treatise of the Rickets (1651)), says the disease was first noticed in Dorset and Somerset, and had only gradually extended over the south of England. His own suggestion is that the word was a corruption of Hellenistic Greek ῥαχῖτις (designating νόσος ), feminine form of ancient Greek ῥαχίτης in or of the spine. From this he derived the Latin noun form rachitis (see rachitis n.). The preface to Glisson's work states that it is based on a recension of papers by eight physicians written some five years previously, i.e. c1645. 1. a. A disease of children caused by vitamin D deficiency, which results in abnormal calcium and phosphorus metabolism and deficient mineralization of bone (osteomalacia) with skeletal deformity. In later use also (chiefly with distinguishing word): any of various other diseases resembling this, affecting children, adults, or animals, and typically of metabolic, nutritional, or renal origin. Formerly usually with the. Cf. rachitis n. 1. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > diseases of tissue > disorders of bones > [noun] > rickets English disease1609 rickets1634 rachitis1668 ricketiness1673 English sickness1707 innutrition of the bones1796 rosary1872 rickety rosary1873 1634 Parish Clerks' Company Bill of Mortality (Guildhall Library St. 424.9) f. 10 The Diseases and Casualties this yeere..Quinsie - 4 Rickets - 14. 1645 D. Whistler (title) Disputatio medica inauguralis, de morbo puerili Anglorum, quem patrio idiomate indigenæ vocant ‘The Rickets’. 1650 J. Bulwer Anthropometamorphosis xix. 188 This new Disease, commonly called the Rickets, or more properly the Rackets. 1661 J. Bird Ostenta Carolina 53 The Disease is not exprest by a word of the singular number reket, but plurally rekets. a1699 W. Temple Ess. Health & Long Life in Wks. (1720) I. 28 When I was very young, nothing was so much feared or talk'd of as Rickets among Children. 1718 J. Quincy Pharmacopœia Officinalis 102 It passes with some for almost a Specifick, in the Rickets. 1769 W. Buchan Domest. Med. i. 39 Many diseases, as the rickets, scrophula, &c. might thereby be prevented. 1835–6 Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. I. 440/1 Rickets, considered alone, is not very dangerous to life. 1861 ‘G. Eliot’ Silas Marner i. 4 Their dreadful stare could dart cramp, or rickets, or a wry mouth at any boy who happened to be in the rear. 1883 Medico-chirurg. Trans. 66 204 The characteristic symptoms of the so-called acute rickets..are not due to rickets at all but are truly scorbutic. 1926 G. V. Ashcroft in Jrnl. Bone & Joint Surg. 8 288 It is to the association of the typical clinical picture, the typical X-ray picture, and deficient renal function that the term Renal Rickets has been applied. 1939 J. C. Drummond & A. Wilbraham Englishman's Food viii. 182 Rickets..came to be generally known on the Continent as ‘The English Disease’ (Die englische Krankheit). 1953 D. Bryant Cat Bk. v. iv. 206 A kitten with rickets usually has a distended abdomen. 1984 M. J. Taussig Processes in Pathol. & Microbiol. (ed. 2) vii. 838 There are very few dominant X-linked diseases. One example is vitamin D-resistant (hypophosphataemic) rickets. 2002 India Weekly 26 Apr. 5/5 Rickets, a bone disease thought to have been almost eradicated, is reemerging as a health concern in Britain among ethnic communities. b. In figurative contexts and figurative. ΚΠ a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) i. 36 Hospitals generally have the Rickets, whose heads..grow over great and rich, whilest their poor bodies pine away and consume. a1680 S. Butler Genuine Remains (1759) I. 226 Multitudes of Reverend Men and Critics Have got a kind of intellectual Rickets. 1689 M. Prior Epist. to F. Shephard 94 A Theme, Whose Props..help the Rickets in the Brain. 1871 B. Taylor tr. J. W. von Goethe Faust I. xiv. 182 Thy fancy's rickets plague thee not at all. 1911 Atlantic Monthly Feb. 147/2 These parents..seem utterly unconscious that mental rickets and curvature of the soul are far more deforming than crooked teeth. 1982 R. Davies High Spirits Introd. 2 Canada needs ghosts, as a dietary supplement, a vitamin taken to stave off that most dreadful of modern ailments, the Rational Rickets. 2. Chiefly English regional. A disease in domestic animals causing unsteadiness and irregularity of gait; esp. scrapie in sheep. Now historical. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > animal disease or disorder > disorders of sheep > [noun] > other disorders of sheep pocka1325 soughta1400 pox1530 mad1573 winter rot1577 snuffa1585 leaf1587 leaf-sickness1614 redwater1614 mentigo1706 tag1736 white water1743 hog pox1749 rickets1755 side-ill1776 resp1789 sheep-fag1789 thorter-ill1791 vanquish1792 smallpox1793 shell-sicknessc1794 sickness1794 grass-ill1795 rub1800 pine1804 pining1804 sheep-pock1804 stinking ill1807 water sickness1807 core1818 wryneck1819 tag-belt1826 tag-sore1828 kibe1830 agalaxia1894 agalactia1897 lupinosis1899 trembling1902 struck1903 black disease1906 scrapie1910 renguerra1917 pulpy kidney1927 dopiness1932 blowfly strike1933 body strike1934 sleepy sickness1937 swayback1938 twin lamb disease1945 tick pyaemia1946 fly-strike1950 maedi1952 nematodiriasis1957 visna1957 maedi-visna1972 visna-maedi1972 1755 in T. Davis Gen. View Agric. Wilts. (1794) 27 A disorder, which they called the rickets, or shaking, had prevailed amongst their sheep. 1772 T. Comber Let. 17 Mar. in Real Improvem. Agric. 80 The poor animal..appears stupid, separates from the Flock, walks irregularly, (whence probably the Name of this Disease, Rickets) generally lies, and eats little. 1799 A. Young Gen. View Agrig. Lincs. 329 The meag runs, or rickets [in sheep], incurable. 1895 Queenslander 7 Dec. 1090 Rickets or Wobbles in Cattle. 1914 J. P. McGowan Investig. into Dis. of Sheep called ‘Scrapie’ i. 11 The disease has existed in Britain since before the middle of the eighteenth century under such names as ‘scrapie’, ‘scratchie’, ‘rubbers’, ‘rickets’, ‘goggles’, ‘shakings’, ‘shrew-croft’, and ‘cuddie-trot’. 2003 P. Cox You Don't Need Meat ii. 60 The reason was the emergence [in 1755], in epidemic proportions, of a disease they termed ‘rickets’... From contemporary accounts of the symptoms, it is clear that this disease was what we now know as scrapie. †3. A form of blight in corn. Cf. rachitis n. 2. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > disease or injury > [noun] > type of disease > fungal > associated with crop or food plants > various diseases > blight rubigoa1398 blicheningc1420 blast1577 brantcorn1578 blight1611 brand1640 uredo1706 rickets1759 coal brand1793 blister blight1877 1759 J. Mills tr. H. L. Duhamel du Monceau Pract. Treat. Husbandry ii. ii. 244 I perceived in May, that the corn was attacked with what is called the rickets [Fr. le Rachitisme]: the bad state of the roots of these plants, the colour of their blades,..left no room to doubt what ailed them. Compounds C1. General attributive, formed on the singular, as †ricket-body, †ricket reeling; also objective, as ricket-producing adj. rare. ΚΠ a1652 A. Wilson Hist. Great Brit. (1653) sig. A6^v The rest of the poor Members pine away, Like Ricket-Bodies, upwards over-grown. a1796 R. Burns Poems & Songs (1968) II What scandal call'd Maria's jaunty stagger The ricket reeling of a crooked swagger? 1898 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. V. 616 Most of the foods..are ricket-producing foods also. 1962 R. H. Smythe Anat. Dog Breeding 83 The puppy is badly fed on a ricket-producing diet. C2. General attributive and objective, formed on the plural. ΚΠ 1907 Jrnl. Michigan State Med. Soc. 6 384/2 The well known spring increase in the number of rickets cases..he ascribes to the greater possibility of overfeeding in the winter. 1922 Lancet 25 Nov. 1119/1 A new complication had been recently introduced by E. V. McCollum, whose work appeared to show that the rickets factor was not vitamin A. 1966 Proc. Royal Soc. B. 164 10 At about 3 weeks of age..the group of males was weaned onto a rickets-producing diet. 2004 Progress Neuro-Psychopharmacol. & Biol. Psychiatry 28 260/1 They moved to Ankara in 1977 because their daughter required prolonged rickets treatment. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2010; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.1634
随便看	whingeing whingeings whinger whingers whinges whinging whinhack whinier whiniest whininess whininesses whining whining cross whiteknuckler whitelabel whitelead whiteleaded whiteleaf frog whiteleaved whiteled whitelegged whitelewe whitelike whitelime whitelimed