restlessadj.adv.

Brit.

/ˈrɛs(t)ləs/, U.S.

/ˈrɛs(t)ləs/

Forms: see rest n.¹ and -less suffix.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: rest n.¹, -less suffix.

Etymology: < rest n.¹ + -less suffix. Compare West Frisian restleas , Dutch rusteloos (second half of the 18th cent. as adjective and adverb), German rastlos (late 17th cent. as adjective, 18th cent. as adverb), and also (probably after German) Danish rastløs (1800), Swedish rastlös (1701 as adjective, 1804 as adverb). With the use as adverb compare restlessly adv.

A. adj.

a. Deprived of rest; finding no rest; esp. uneasy in mind or spirit.In some contexts passing into sense A. 3.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > suffering > state of being upset or perturbed > [adjective]

reigheOE

drofc1000

druvyOE

restlessOE

worya1225

forstraughtc1386

unquertc1390

unsaughtc1390

ill (evil) at easea1400

unrofula1400

unquietc1400

unrestya1413

unquieted?a1425

unrestful?c1425

unpeaceda1475

out of quieta1500

inquiet?1504

uneasya1513

perturbed1538

unquietous?1545

disquieted?1548

astraught1564

astraughted1565

agitate1567

turmoiled1570

disquiet1587

distroubled1590

weltered1590

disturbed1593

twitcheda1594

troublesome1596

stract1598

uncomposed1601

discomposed1603

incomposed1608

uncouth1660

unserene1664

chagrin1665

agitated1684

perturbated1704

disordered1711

perturbate1741

chagrineda1754

nervish1760

uncomfortable1796

funked1831

untranquillized1831

streaked1833

striped1839

discomfortable1844

streaky1848

bothered1851

funked out1859

bebothered1866

disorderly1871

fantod1883

rattled1885

aflap1887

shook1891

dicked-up1967

torqued1967

weirded out1973

OE Rule St. Benet (Wells) lxiv. 120 A byð geunstilled and restlease [OE Corpus Cambr. receleas, a1225 Winteney ræsteleas; L. quia numquam requiescit], þe mid ðam unþeawum beled byð.

c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer Pardoner's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 400 Thus walke I lyk a restelees [v.rr. risteles, restlees] caytyf And on the ground which is my modres gate I knokke with my staf bothe erly and late.

c1450 in F. J. Furnivall Polit., Relig., & Love Poems (1903) 180 (MED) In a valey of þis restles mynde I souȝte..Trustynge a trewe loue for to fynde.

a1535 T. More Hist. Richard III in Wks. (1557) 69/1 So was his restles herte continually tossed & tumbled.

a1592 R. Greene Frier Bacon (1594) sig. H4 How restles are the ghosts of hellish spirites, When euerie charmer..Cals vs from nine-fold trenched Blegiton.

1667 J. Dryden Annus Mirabilis 1666 cii. 26 Restless he pass'd the remnants of the night.

a1711 T. Ken Anodynes in Wks. (1721) III. 421 As in the Night I restless lie, I the Watch-Candle keep in Eye.

1761 F. Sheridan Mem. Miss Sidney Bidulph I. 326 My poor mother has been so restless, and so much out of order, these two days.

1805 W. Scott Lay of Last Minstrel vi. xxviii. 188 That he a pilgrimage would take To Melrose Abbey, for the sake Of Michael's restless sprite.

1856 R. A. Vaughan Hours with Mystics I. vi. i. 179 His cares were thrown off, and he was restless and anxious no longer about little things.

1904 L. F. Baum Marvelous Land of Oz xv. 183 This morbid picture cast a gloom over the entire party, making them restless and anxious.

1963 Good Housek. Home Encycl. (ed. 5) 30 Fitted Tailored Sheets, those with boxed ends simplify bed-making and are a boon to the restless sleeper.

2001 Nat. Health Oct. 12 Practise this asana at the beginning of your yoga session, as it calms a restless and agitated mind.

b. Marked or characterized by unrest; affording or yielding no rest.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > restlessness > [adjective] > marked by absence of rest

unrestful?c1450

restless1557

wrestless1621

1557 Earl of Surrey et al. Songes & Sonettes sig. I.iii (heading) The louer describeth his restlesse state.

1573 I. Whitney Sweet Nosgay sig. Dv^v The noysome nightes, in restlesse Bedde, I bring vnto his ende.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Macbeth (1623) iii. ii. 24 Better be with the dead,..Then on the torture of the Minde to lye In restlesse extasie.

1684 A. Behn Voy. to Isle of Love 62 in Poems Several Occasions Is this the recompence at last, Of all the restless hours I've past?

1742 H. Fielding Joseph Andrews iv. i. 278 Restless, interrupted Slumbers, and confused horrible Dreams were her Portion the first Night.

1776 S. Johnson Let. 21 Oct. (1992) II. 358 My nights are very restless and tiresome.

1785 W. Cowper Task i. 44 Restless was the chair; the back erect Distress'd the weary loins.

a1806 H. K. White Remains (1807) I. 21 Now, let me leave my restless bed.

1822 P. B. Shelley Hellas 3 We strew these opiate flowers On thy restless pillow.

1887 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 12 Feb. 318/2 He had had a restless night, with intervals of sleep.

1935 E. Bowen House in Paris ii. iv. 121 The morning-room where they had put her was a bleak restless place where nobody ever settled.

1971 B. Head Maru ii. 117 After a restless night, she had made up her mind to leave Dilepe for a short while, if only to take a short train journey to another village.

1989 Which? Car Buying Guide 52/1 Harsh, restless ride, unpleasant on rough roads.

a. Of a condition: unceasing, continuous, unremitting. Now rare or merged in sense A. 3.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > change > absence of change, changelessness > lasting quality, permanence > [adjective] > lasting, continuous

endlessc888

perpetuala1382

unceasing1382

restless?c1425

biding1430

continual1462

remanent?a1475

incessant1532

uncessant1548

incessable1552

never-ceasing1567

still1570

ceaseless1590

indesinent1601

unceasable1604

unintermissive1610

constant1653

jugial1654

tarrying1654

insuccessive1678

perpetuative1785

?c1425 (c1390) G. Chaucer Fortune (Cambr. Ii.3.21) (1879) l. 70 This world hath euer resteles [a1456 Ashm. restlesse] trauayle.

a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) v. 1843 (MED) Note in cronicles ther knihtli gouernaunce, Ther restles labour Romeyns for tauaunce.

a1525 Contempl. Synnaris l. 1214, in W. A. Craigie Asloan MS (1925) II. 229 The Rage Is euer restless but quyete.

1592 R. Greene Pandosto (new ed.) sig. B Those which were y^e cause of his restles sorrow.

1597 W. Shakespeare Richard III i. iv. 77 Princes..often feele a world of restlesse cares.

1637 J. Milton Comus 21 It shall bee in eternall restlesse change Selfe fed, and selfe consum'd.

1691 T. Hale Acct. New Inventions 6 By their Arts..were Sir Philip Howard, and Company in a restless manner urged to give Answers.

1701 F. Manning Poems 8 What compensation will you make For giving me Love's restless Pains?

1776 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall I. i. 7 The restless activity of Hadrian was not less remarkable when compared with the gentle repose of Antoninus Pius.

1838 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece (new ed.) II. xv. 251 For four years longer Asia was still kept in restless turmoil.

1875 B. Jowett tr. Plato Dialogues (ed. 2) V. 360 The motion..quiets the restless palpitation of the heart.

1938 E. G. Richardson Physical Sci. Mod. Life v. 97 Particles as small as these do not sink because..they are bandied about in the restless molecular motions.

b. Of a thing: constantly in motion, continually operating; never ceasing or pausing.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > restlessness > [adjective] > specifically of things

restless?a1439

the world > action or operation > continuing > [adjective] > continuous or without stop or pause (of action)

ithanda1300

continualc1340

unstintingc1380

perpetuala1382

unfailinga1382

unceasing1382

everlastinga1398

restless?a1439

continuedc1440

running1492

incessant1532

uncessant1548

incessable1552

universal1561

never-ceasing1567

still1570

unpausing1585

ceaseless1590

uncessable1596

indesinent1601

uninterrupted1602

unceasable1604

Sabbathless1605

unceased1605

unintermissive1610

unstaying1616

constant1653

jugial1654

uninterrupted1657

stopless1660

uncheque1671

chronical1672

unarrested1733

well-sustained1743

uninterrupt1776

unsuspended1792

sustained1796

pauseless1820

unhalting1832

persistent1842

unresting1856

unbreaking1870

non-stop1915

a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) iii. l. 4336 Thus auarice, to ve[r]tu most contrarie, Founde among vices ful contagious, Euer bisi the restles ston to karie, Now up, now doun.

c1565 ‘T. C.’ tr. G. Boccaccio Galesus Cymon & Iphigenia sig. B.iiij The restless Tide, that beares his Barke with waltryng waues.

1596 E. Spenser Second Pt. Faerie Queene v. x. sig. V8^v With restlesse force, Into his shield it readie passage found.

1600 W. Shakespeare Henry V iii. vi. 27 That Godes blinde that stands vpon the rowling restlesse stone.

a1618 J. Sylvester tr. Little Bartas in tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Diuine Weekes & Wks. (1621) 772 The daily Course Of restless Stars.

1700 J. Dryden Chaucer's Palamon & Arcite iii, in Fables 65 The Courser paw'd the Ground with restless Feet.

1782 W. Cowper Hope in Poems 141 A painful passage o'er a restless flood.

1841 M. Elphinstone Hist. India I. iii. xi. 365 They are..active, with peculiar features, and a quick and restless eye.

1878 J. R. Seeley Life & Times Stein I. 232 For a moment it was reasonable to hope that she [sc. France] would also sheathe her restless sword.

1947 J. Steinbeck Pearl v. 86 The wind blew freshly into the estuary, a nervous, restless wind.

1990 Gramophone May 1965/2 The production..tends towards the balletic and is restless in movement.

a. Of a person or animal: taking no rest; constantly stirring or active, or wishing to be so; averse to being quiet or settled; fidgety.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > restlessness > [adjective] > specifically of persons

restless?a1513

a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 165 The restles suallow commandit scho also To feche all fowll.

1535 Bible (Coverdale) Jer. xlvi. 25 I will vyset that restlesse people off Alexandria.

1572 (a1500) Taill of Rauf Coilȝear (1882) 822 Thir riche restles renkis ruschit out full raith.

1582 T. Bentley et al. Monument of Matrones To Rdr. I haue laboured..with restlesse Ruth to go after the maidens in the haruest.

1603 R. Knolles Gen. Hist. Turkes 55 Where these restlesse people ceased not by all meanes to enlarge their empire.

1649 J. Milton Εικονοκλαστης Pref. sig. B3 To choose that interpretation which may best mind us of what our restless enemies endeavor.

1718 Free-thinker No. 42. 2 Poverty and Avarice are the restless Companions of Prodigality.

1781 W. Cowper Retirem. 21 Cities, humming with a restless crowd.

1836 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece III. 335 Alcibiades,..restless and sanguine, had much more to hope than to fear from war.

1888 F. Hume Madame Midas i. i. 19 She was of too restless and ambitious a nature to be content with an idle life.

1903 H. Keller Story of my Life ix. 38 I was no longer a restless, excitable little creature, requiring the attention of everybody on the train to keep me amused.

1965 Cedar Rapids (Iowa) Gaz. 4 Feb. 9/3 This restless, stirring and striving nation would never live as the captive of a comfortable consensus.

1990 Here's Health Dec. 53/2 Hyperactive babies..are restless, fidgety and cannot be calmed.

b. Of the thoughts, mind, etc.: constantly active or in search of new stimulation; averse to settledness.

ΚΠ

1557 Earl of Surrey et al. Songes & Sonettes sig. B.iiii A thousand fansies in that mood Assayle my restlesse mind.

1603 R. Knolles Gen. Hist. Turkes 184 Continually incited with the vnsatiable and restlesse desire of soueraignetie.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost ii. 526 Where he may likeliest find Truce to his restless thoughts.

1759 W. H. Dilworth Life of Pope 71 Mr. Pope is much indebted to the restless spirit of correction Swift was possessed of.

1778 F. Burney Evelina III. xxi. 232 Great joy is as restless as sorrow.

1807 G. Crabbe Parish Reg. iii, in Poems 115 All the Reason, by himself assign'd For so much Rambling, was, a restless Mind.

1839 C. Dickens Nicholas Nickleby vi. 49 The same policy, and the restless ambition of proud and fiery men, have sent ye back.

1868 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest II. x. 490 Both of them parts of one scheme devised in the restless brain of the Mercian Earl.

1925 Woman's World (Chicago) Apr. 9/1 Left to themselves, her feet seemed always to want to dance. It was the same with her eyes, her long white fingers, her restless thoughts.

1989 D. H. Fischer Albion's Seed 334 Its ideal of quietism and practical piety contrasted sharply with the restless striving of the new England Puritans.

c. Impatient to do something. Also with of (now rare).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > wish or inclination > desire > uneasy or restless desire > [adjective]

itching?c1225

restless1557

tittling1560

prurient1592

impatient1598

1557 Earl of Surrey et al. Songes & Sonettes sig. D.iiii Where I am now, as restlesse to remayn, Against my will, full pleased with my payn.

1578 T. Blenerhasset 2nd Pt. Mirrour for Magistrates Uter Pendragon xv For her disport my Ladye coulde procure The wretched winges of this my muting minde, Restlesse to seeke her emptie fiste to finde.

a1625 J. Norden Pathway to Patience (1626) sig. ¶8 Preserue me from the secret and hidden snares of Satan, who is restles to allure me to sinne.

1639 J. Saltmarsh Pract. Policie 279 These that affect you will continue after this inquisitive and restlesse to enjoy you.

1719 D. Defoe Farther Adventures Robinson Crusoe 250 When I was at Home, I was restless to go abroad; and now I was abroad, I was restless to be at Home.

1725 W. Broome in A. Pope et al. tr. Homer Odyssey I. ii. 9 By his Heralds, restless of delay, To council [he] calls the Peers.

1849 H. Melville Redburn xliv. 273 As he approached his majority he grew restless of the retirement of a country place.

1896 C. D. G. Roberts Forge in Forest xx. 265 The Acadians were restless to throw off the English yoke.

1913 D. H. Lawrence Sons & Lovers ix. 248 He was restless to follow.

1972 Times 22 Aug. 6/5 Mr. Ashley..was restless to embark in business on his own.

2008 B. Olsen Sacred Places N. Amer. (ed. 2) vi. 245 American newcomers soon grew restless of Mexican rule.

†B. adv.

= restlessly adv. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > continuing > [adverb] > in a continuous manner or without stopping

fastlyOE

anonOE

everOE

everylikec1225

continuallyc1305

atreet1340

unceasinglyc1340

perpetuallyc1385

incessably1398

desselya1400

ithandlya1400

dreichlyc1400

restlessc1400

contunely1447

all alongc1450

dessantlyc1460

incessantly1481

still opece1488

uncessantlya1500

continuinglya1513

in ane1513

away1526

incessant1558

restlessly1567

square1570

stintless1598

ceaselessly?1606

residently1609

unrestingly1621

indesinently1651

jugially1654

unintermissively1656

constantly1682

hand to fist1706

forever1753

unintermittingly1784

round the clock1816

continuously1826

unpausingly1831

sustainedly1842

pauselessly1845

remorselessly1845

around the clock1872

play-by-play1889

ball-by-ball1906

non-stop1920

solidly1937

the world > time > change > absence of change, changelessness > lasting quality, permanence > [adverb] > without cessation

fastlyOE

without ceasec1330

without ceasinga1340

unceasinglyc1340

incessably1398

dreichlyc1400

restlessc1400

perpetuallyc1475

incessantly1481

uncessantlya1500

incessant1558

ceaselessly?1606

indesinently1651

jugially1654

unintermissively1656

upon or on a stretch1689

at one or a stretch1774

unabatingly1793

at the stretch1867

never-ceasingly1869

the mind > emotion > suffering > state of being upset or perturbed > [adverb]

unquietly?1518

troubledly1599

disquietly?1608

incomposedly1615

discomposedly1662

disturbedly1731

agitatedly1803

restless1810

disorderly1811

restlessly1847

disquietedly1857

discomfortably1873

inquietly1893

troublously1897

disconcertedly1909

c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) 527 (MED) Sesounez schal yow never sese of sede ne of hervest..Bot ever renne restlez.

1508 Golagros & Gawane (Chepman & Myllar) sig. aii^*v The renk restles he raid to arthour the king.

1532 (?a1400) Romaunt Rose 370 (MED) The tyme, that passeth nyght and day..resteles [Fr. sans repos] travayleth ay.

1810 Splendid Follies II. 119 Emily Camelion slept very restless.

1891 Homeopathic Recorder Jan. 44 Patient often feels chilly, sleeps restless, is constipated.

Compounds

C1.

restless-footed adj.

ΚΠ

1842 F. W. Faber Sights & Thoughts in Foreign Churches 370 It is the restless-footed rack of the cloudy, wind-swept sky.

1889 W. B. Yeats Wanderings of Oisin ii. 24 Where goes to gaze the restless-footed star Of twilight when he's weary.

1902 Atlantic Monthly Apr. 545/2 Mere restless-footed adventurers.

1996 Las Vegas (Nevada) Rev.-Jrnl. (Nexis) 1 Nov. 2 j Restless-footed youths can get a double dose of it [sc. Ska] this weekend.

† restless-rolling adj. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1560 J. Heywood tr. Seneca Thyestes i. sig. A Shall Sisyphus his stone, That slypper restles rollyng payse vpon my backe be borne?

1615 P. Gordon Penardo & Laissa I. sig. A. ij Eache creture bles'd with equall light, Saluts the princelye spring with pleasant noys The restles roling heaun, with shyning bright Smyls on the earthe.

1777 R. Potter tr. Æschylus Seven Chiefs against Thebes in tr. Æschylus Tragedies 161 The rude plunderers' restless-rolling tide.

restless-souled adj.

ΚΠ

1845 R. Howitt Impressions Austral. Felix 232 The bee is no restless-souled emigrant.

1914 ‘Saki’ When William Came vi. 101 You must remember that thousands and thousands of the more virile and restless-souled men have emigrated.

restless-spirited adj.

ΚΠ

1646 J. Bastwick Utter Routing of Army of Independents sig. b2^v This place of Scripture with this their reason to speake the truth, is all the ground, and warrant for substance, that all those restlesse spirited Rabbies have for this great warre and contention betweene us.

c1712 Dangerous Present 1 The malicious and dangerous Designs of the restless Spirited Whigs.

1837 J. Williams Narr. Missionary Enterprises (1840) 98 A few restless-spirited old warriors..rallied around this young chieftain.

2006 Guardian (Nexis) 12 Jan. 38 New album ‘My Beast’ showcases both sides of the restless-spirited band.

C2. In the names of birds and other animals.

restless cavy n. now rare the domesticated guinea pig, Cavia porcellus, or the Brazilian guinea pig, C. aperea, often supposed to be its wild ancestor.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > order Rodentia or rodent > superfamily Hystricomorpha (porcupine or guinea-pig) > [noun] > family Caviidae (cavy) > genus Cavia (guinea-pig)

pig-cony1607

guinea pig1664

restless cavy1771

rock cavy1771

moco1831

1771 T. Pennant Synopsis Quadrupeds 243 Cavy... Restless [Cavy]... Inhabits Brazil:..domesticated in Europe: a restless, grunting, little animal; perpetually running from corner to corner.

1831 List Animals Gardens Zool. Soc. 1 July 31 These animals are commonly known by the name of Guinea Pigs; but the species is properly denominated the Restless Cavy.

1876 Encycl. Brit. V. 277 The Restless Cavy (Cavia aperea), found throughout Uruguay and Brazil, is supposed to be the wild form of the Guinea-pig of Europe.

1959 Proc. Internat. Conf. Sci. Information I. 580 We suggest that the domestic guineapig, possibly a descendant of the South American Restless Cavy,..which produces one, or at most two, at a birth, occupies its strange position as the result of selection for superovulation.

restless flycatcher n. a large Australian flycatcher, Myiagra inquieta (family Monarchidae), with blackish upperparts and white underparts.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > birds > order Passeriformes (singing) > family Muscicapidae (thrushes, etc.) > [noun] > miscellaneous types of > sisura inquieta (restless flycatcher)

restless thrush1801

razor-grinder1822

grinder1848

restless flycatcher1848

scissors-grinder1875

1848 J. Gould Birds Austral. II. Pl. 87 Seisura Inquieta, Restless Flycatcher; The Grinder, of the Colonists of Swan River and New South Wales.

1945 C. Barrett Austral. Bird Life 172 There is no mistaking the notes of the restless flycatcher..uttered while the bird is hovering.

2005 P. Olsen et al. Wedge-tailed Eagle vi. 25 Even when the eagle perches, Willy-Wagtails, Restless Flycatchers and other bolder passerines continue the kerfuffle.

† restless thrush n. Obsolete = restless flycatcher n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > birds > order Passeriformes (singing) > family Muscicapidae (thrushes, etc.) > [noun] > miscellaneous types of > sisura inquieta (restless flycatcher)

restless thrush1801

razor-grinder1822

grinder1848

restless flycatcher1848

scissors-grinder1875

1801 J. Latham Gen. Synopsis Birds Suppl. II. 181 Restless Thrush.

1817 J. F. Stephens Shaw's Gen. Zool. X. i. 263 The Restless Thrush inhabits New Holland.

1848 J. Gould Birds Austral. VI. Pl. 40 Seisura inquieta. Restless Flycatcher..Restless Thrush.

C3.

restless legs n. Medicine (with singular agreement) = restless legs syndrome n.

ΚΠ

1945 K.-A. Ekbom in Acta Medica Scandinavica Suppl. 158 11 For both groups I use the common term ‘restless legs’.

1990 Elle (U.S. ed.) Aug. 219/2 It is only because of sleep disorder centers and sleep research that sleep apnea was found and ‘restless legs’ became a diagnosable and treatable disorder.

2001 J. Le Fanu They don't know what's Wrong xii. 193 For some reason restless legs is exacerbated by anaemia due to lack of iron and will be ameliorated by its replacement.

restless legs syndrome n. (also restless leg syndrome) Medicine a disorder characterized by an urge to move the legs (and sometimes the arms), which is engendered by rest and is worse in the evening or at night, and may be accompanied by unpleasant sensations in the limbs.Restless legs syndrome is now usually considered to be a sleep disorder, and is treated with dopaminergic drugs.

ΚΠ

1954 Brit. Jrnl. Physical Med. 17 160/2 The restless legs syndrome developed in parallel with the anaemia.

1987 Independent 3 Feb. 11/7 Restless leg syndrome..is one of the miseries of life and it affects about 5 per cent of the population, mainly elderly people.

2003 N.Y. Times Mag. 2 Feb. 40/2 The sleep disorder known as restless legs syndrome, which is characterized by extremely painful crawling sensations in the legs.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2010; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	restless
释义	restlessadj.adv. Brit. /ˈrɛs(t)ləs/, U.S. /ˈrɛs(t)ləs/ Forms: see rest n.¹ and -less suffix. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: rest n.¹, -less suffix. Etymology: < rest n.¹ + -less suffix. Compare West Frisian restleas , Dutch rusteloos (second half of the 18th cent. as adjective and adverb), German rastlos (late 17th cent. as adjective, 18th cent. as adverb), and also (probably after German) Danish rastløs (1800), Swedish rastlös (1701 as adjective, 1804 as adverb). With the use as adverb compare restlessly adv. A. adj. 1. a. Deprived of rest; finding no rest; esp. uneasy in mind or spirit.In some contexts passing into sense A. 3. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > state of being upset or perturbed > [adjective] reigheOE drofc1000 druvyOE restlessOE worya1225 forstraughtc1386 unquertc1390 unsaughtc1390 ill (evil) at easea1400 unrofula1400 unquietc1400 unrestya1413 unquieted?a1425 unrestful?c1425 unpeaceda1475 out of quieta1500 inquiet?1504 uneasya1513 perturbed1538 unquietous?1545 disquieted?1548 astraught1564 astraughted1565 agitate1567 turmoiled1570 disquiet1587 distroubled1590 weltered1590 disturbed1593 twitcheda1594 troublesome1596 stract1598 uncomposed1601 discomposed1603 incomposed1608 uncouth1660 unserene1664 chagrin1665 agitated1684 perturbated1704 disordered1711 perturbate1741 chagrineda1754 nervish1760 uncomfortable1796 funked1831 untranquillized1831 streaked1833 striped1839 discomfortable1844 streaky1848 bothered1851 funked out1859 bebothered1866 disorderly1871 fantod1883 rattled1885 aflap1887 shook1891 dicked-up1967 torqued1967 weirded out1973 OE Rule St. Benet (Wells) lxiv. 120 A byð geunstilled and restlease [OE Corpus Cambr. receleas, a1225 Winteney ræsteleas; L. quia numquam requiescit], þe mid ðam unþeawum beled byð. c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer Pardoner's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 400 Thus walke I lyk a restelees [v.rr. risteles, restlees] caytyf And on the ground which is my modres gate I knokke with my staf bothe erly and late. c1450 in F. J. Furnivall Polit., Relig., & Love Poems (1903) 180 (MED) In a valey of þis restles mynde I souȝte..Trustynge a trewe loue for to fynde. a1535 T. More Hist. Richard III in Wks. (1557) 69/1 So was his restles herte continually tossed & tumbled. a1592 R. Greene Frier Bacon (1594) sig. H4 How restles are the ghosts of hellish spirites, When euerie charmer..Cals vs from nine-fold trenched Blegiton. 1667 J. Dryden Annus Mirabilis 1666 cii. 26 Restless he pass'd the remnants of the night. a1711 T. Ken Anodynes in Wks. (1721) III. 421 As in the Night I restless lie, I the Watch-Candle keep in Eye. 1761 F. Sheridan Mem. Miss Sidney Bidulph I. 326 My poor mother has been so restless, and so much out of order, these two days. 1805 W. Scott Lay of Last Minstrel vi. xxviii. 188 That he a pilgrimage would take To Melrose Abbey, for the sake Of Michael's restless sprite. 1856 R. A. Vaughan Hours with Mystics I. vi. i. 179 His cares were thrown off, and he was restless and anxious no longer about little things. 1904 L. F. Baum Marvelous Land of Oz xv. 183 This morbid picture cast a gloom over the entire party, making them restless and anxious. 1963 Good Housek. Home Encycl. (ed. 5) 30 Fitted Tailored Sheets, those with boxed ends simplify bed-making and are a boon to the restless sleeper. 2001 Nat. Health Oct. 12 Practise this asana at the beginning of your yoga session, as it calms a restless and agitated mind. b. Marked or characterized by unrest; affording or yielding no rest. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > restlessness > [adjective] > marked by absence of rest unrestful?c1450 restless1557 wrestless1621 1557 Earl of Surrey et al. Songes & Sonettes sig. I.iii (heading) The louer describeth his restlesse state. 1573 I. Whitney Sweet Nosgay sig. Dv^v The noysome nightes, in restlesse Bedde, I bring vnto his ende. a1616 W. Shakespeare Macbeth (1623) iii. ii. 24 Better be with the dead,..Then on the torture of the Minde to lye In restlesse extasie. View more context for this quotation 1684 A. Behn Voy. to Isle of Love 62 in Poems Several Occasions Is this the recompence at last, Of all the restless hours I've past? 1742 H. Fielding Joseph Andrews iv. i. 278 Restless, interrupted Slumbers, and confused horrible Dreams were her Portion the first Night. 1776 S. Johnson Let. 21 Oct. (1992) II. 358 My nights are very restless and tiresome. 1785 W. Cowper Task i. 44 Restless was the chair; the back erect Distress'd the weary loins. a1806 H. K. White Remains (1807) I. 21 Now, let me leave my restless bed. 1822 P. B. Shelley Hellas 3 We strew these opiate flowers On thy restless pillow. 1887 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 12 Feb. 318/2 He had had a restless night, with intervals of sleep. 1935 E. Bowen House in Paris ii. iv. 121 The morning-room where they had put her was a bleak restless place where nobody ever settled. 1971 B. Head Maru ii. 117 After a restless night, she had made up her mind to leave Dilepe for a short while, if only to take a short train journey to another village. 1989 Which? Car Buying Guide 52/1 Harsh, restless ride, unpleasant on rough roads. 2. a. Of a condition: unceasing, continuous, unremitting. Now rare or merged in sense A. 3. ΘΚΠ the world > time > change > absence of change, changelessness > lasting quality, permanence > [adjective] > lasting, continuous endlessc888 perpetuala1382 unceasing1382 restless?c1425 biding1430 continual1462 remanent?a1475 incessant1532 uncessant1548 incessable1552 never-ceasing1567 still1570 ceaseless1590 indesinent1601 unceasable1604 unintermissive1610 constant1653 jugial1654 tarrying1654 insuccessive1678 perpetuative1785 ?c1425 (c1390) G. Chaucer Fortune (Cambr. Ii.3.21) (1879) l. 70 This world hath euer resteles [a1456 Ashm. restlesse] trauayle. a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) v. 1843 (MED) Note in cronicles ther knihtli gouernaunce, Ther restles labour Romeyns for tauaunce. a1525 Contempl. Synnaris l. 1214, in W. A. Craigie Asloan MS (1925) II. 229 The Rage Is euer restless but quyete. 1592 R. Greene Pandosto (new ed.) sig. B Those which were y^e cause of his restles sorrow. 1597 W. Shakespeare Richard III i. iv. 77 Princes..often feele a world of restlesse cares. View more context for this quotation 1637 J. Milton Comus 21 It shall bee in eternall restlesse change Selfe fed, and selfe consum'd. 1691 T. Hale Acct. New Inventions 6 By their Arts..were Sir Philip Howard, and Company in a restless manner urged to give Answers. 1701 F. Manning Poems 8 What compensation will you make For giving me Love's restless Pains? 1776 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall I. i. 7 The restless activity of Hadrian was not less remarkable when compared with the gentle repose of Antoninus Pius. 1838 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece (new ed.) II. xv. 251 For four years longer Asia was still kept in restless turmoil. 1875 B. Jowett tr. Plato Dialogues (ed. 2) V. 360 The motion..quiets the restless palpitation of the heart. 1938 E. G. Richardson Physical Sci. Mod. Life v. 97 Particles as small as these do not sink because..they are bandied about in the restless molecular motions. b. Of a thing: constantly in motion, continually operating; never ceasing or pausing. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > restlessness > [adjective] > specifically of things restless?a1439 the world > action or operation > continuing > [adjective] > continuous or without stop or pause (of action) ithanda1300 continualc1340 unstintingc1380 perpetuala1382 unfailinga1382 unceasing1382 everlastinga1398 restless?a1439 continuedc1440 running1492 incessant1532 uncessant1548 incessable1552 universal1561 never-ceasing1567 still1570 unpausing1585 ceaseless1590 uncessable1596 indesinent1601 uninterrupted1602 unceasable1604 Sabbathless1605 unceased1605 unintermissive1610 unstaying1616 constant1653 jugial1654 uninterrupted1657 stopless1660 uncheque1671 chronical1672 unarrested1733 well-sustained1743 uninterrupt1776 unsuspended1792 sustained1796 pauseless1820 unhalting1832 persistent1842 unresting1856 unbreaking1870 non-stop1915 a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) iii. l. 4336 Thus auarice, to ve[r]tu most contrarie, Founde among vices ful contagious, Euer bisi the restles ston to karie, Now up, now doun. c1565 ‘T. C.’ tr. G. Boccaccio Galesus Cymon & Iphigenia sig. B.iiij The restless Tide, that beares his Barke with waltryng waues. 1596 E. Spenser Second Pt. Faerie Queene v. x. sig. V8^v With restlesse force, Into his shield it readie passage found. View more context for this quotation 1600 W. Shakespeare Henry V iii. vi. 27 That Godes blinde that stands vpon the rowling restlesse stone. a1618 J. Sylvester tr. Little Bartas in tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Diuine Weekes & Wks. (1621) 772 The daily Course Of restless Stars. 1700 J. Dryden Chaucer's Palamon & Arcite iii, in Fables 65 The Courser paw'd the Ground with restless Feet. 1782 W. Cowper Hope in Poems 141 A painful passage o'er a restless flood. 1841 M. Elphinstone Hist. India I. iii. xi. 365 They are..active, with peculiar features, and a quick and restless eye. 1878 J. R. Seeley Life & Times Stein I. 232 For a moment it was reasonable to hope that she [sc. France] would also sheathe her restless sword. 1947 J. Steinbeck Pearl v. 86 The wind blew freshly into the estuary, a nervous, restless wind. 1990 Gramophone May 1965/2 The production..tends towards the balletic and is restless in movement. 3. a. Of a person or animal: taking no rest; constantly stirring or active, or wishing to be so; averse to being quiet or settled; fidgety. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > restlessness > [adjective] > specifically of persons restless?a1513 a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 165 The restles suallow commandit scho also To feche all fowll. 1535 Bible (Coverdale) Jer. xlvi. 25 I will vyset that restlesse people off Alexandria. 1572 (a1500) Taill of Rauf Coilȝear (1882) 822 Thir riche restles renkis ruschit out full raith. 1582 T. Bentley et al. Monument of Matrones To Rdr. I haue laboured..with restlesse Ruth to go after the maidens in the haruest. 1603 R. Knolles Gen. Hist. Turkes 55 Where these restlesse people ceased not by all meanes to enlarge their empire. 1649 J. Milton Εικονοκλαστης Pref. sig. B3 To choose that interpretation which may best mind us of what our restless enemies endeavor. 1718 Free-thinker No. 42. 2 Poverty and Avarice are the restless Companions of Prodigality. 1781 W. Cowper Retirem. 21 Cities, humming with a restless crowd. 1836 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece III. 335 Alcibiades,..restless and sanguine, had much more to hope than to fear from war. 1888 F. Hume Madame Midas i. i. 19 She was of too restless and ambitious a nature to be content with an idle life. 1903 H. Keller Story of my Life ix. 38 I was no longer a restless, excitable little creature, requiring the attention of everybody on the train to keep me amused. 1965 Cedar Rapids (Iowa) Gaz. 4 Feb. 9/3 This restless, stirring and striving nation would never live as the captive of a comfortable consensus. 1990 Here's Health Dec. 53/2 Hyperactive babies..are restless, fidgety and cannot be calmed. b. Of the thoughts, mind, etc.: constantly active or in search of new stimulation; averse to settledness. ΚΠ 1557 Earl of Surrey et al. Songes & Sonettes sig. B.iiii A thousand fansies in that mood Assayle my restlesse mind. 1603 R. Knolles Gen. Hist. Turkes 184 Continually incited with the vnsatiable and restlesse desire of soueraignetie. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost ii. 526 Where he may likeliest find Truce to his restless thoughts. View more context for this quotation 1759 W. H. Dilworth Life of Pope 71 Mr. Pope is much indebted to the restless spirit of correction Swift was possessed of. 1778 F. Burney Evelina III. xxi. 232 Great joy is as restless as sorrow. 1807 G. Crabbe Parish Reg. iii, in Poems 115 All the Reason, by himself assign'd For so much Rambling, was, a restless Mind. 1839 C. Dickens Nicholas Nickleby vi. 49 The same policy, and the restless ambition of proud and fiery men, have sent ye back. 1868 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest II. x. 490 Both of them parts of one scheme devised in the restless brain of the Mercian Earl. 1925 Woman's World (Chicago) Apr. 9/1 Left to themselves, her feet seemed always to want to dance. It was the same with her eyes, her long white fingers, her restless thoughts. 1989 D. H. Fischer Albion's Seed 334 Its ideal of quietism and practical piety contrasted sharply with the restless striving of the new England Puritans. c. Impatient to do something. Also with of (now rare). ΘΚΠ the mind > will > wish or inclination > desire > uneasy or restless desire > [adjective] itching?c1225 restless1557 tittling1560 prurient1592 impatient1598 1557 Earl of Surrey et al. Songes & Sonettes sig. D.iiii Where I am now, as restlesse to remayn, Against my will, full pleased with my payn. 1578 T. Blenerhasset 2nd Pt. Mirrour for Magistrates Uter Pendragon xv For her disport my Ladye coulde procure The wretched winges of this my muting minde, Restlesse to seeke her emptie fiste to finde. a1625 J. Norden Pathway to Patience (1626) sig. ¶8 Preserue me from the secret and hidden snares of Satan, who is restles to allure me to sinne. 1639 J. Saltmarsh Pract. Policie 279 These that affect you will continue after this inquisitive and restlesse to enjoy you. 1719 D. Defoe Farther Adventures Robinson Crusoe 250 When I was at Home, I was restless to go abroad; and now I was abroad, I was restless to be at Home. 1725 W. Broome in A. Pope et al. tr. Homer Odyssey I. ii. 9 By his Heralds, restless of delay, To council [he] calls the Peers. 1849 H. Melville Redburn xliv. 273 As he approached his majority he grew restless of the retirement of a country place. 1896 C. D. G. Roberts Forge in Forest xx. 265 The Acadians were restless to throw off the English yoke. 1913 D. H. Lawrence Sons & Lovers ix. 248 He was restless to follow. 1972 Times 22 Aug. 6/5 Mr. Ashley..was restless to embark in business on his own. 2008 B. Olsen Sacred Places N. Amer. (ed. 2) vi. 245 American newcomers soon grew restless of Mexican rule. †B. adv. = restlessly adv. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > continuing > [adverb] > in a continuous manner or without stopping fastlyOE anonOE everOE everylikec1225 continuallyc1305 atreet1340 unceasinglyc1340 perpetuallyc1385 incessably1398 desselya1400 ithandlya1400 dreichlyc1400 restlessc1400 contunely1447 all alongc1450 dessantlyc1460 incessantly1481 still opece1488 uncessantlya1500 continuinglya1513 in ane1513 away1526 incessant1558 restlessly1567 square1570 stintless1598 ceaselessly?1606 residently1609 unrestingly1621 indesinently1651 jugially1654 unintermissively1656 constantly1682 hand to fist1706 forever1753 unintermittingly1784 round the clock1816 continuously1826 unpausingly1831 sustainedly1842 pauselessly1845 remorselessly1845 around the clock1872 play-by-play1889 ball-by-ball1906 non-stop1920 solidly1937 the world > time > change > absence of change, changelessness > lasting quality, permanence > [adverb] > without cessation fastlyOE without ceasec1330 without ceasinga1340 unceasinglyc1340 incessably1398 dreichlyc1400 restlessc1400 perpetuallyc1475 incessantly1481 uncessantlya1500 incessant1558 ceaselessly?1606 indesinently1651 jugially1654 unintermissively1656 upon or on a stretch1689 at one or a stretch1774 unabatingly1793 at the stretch1867 never-ceasingly1869 the mind > emotion > suffering > state of being upset or perturbed > [adverb] unquietly?1518 troubledly1599 disquietly?1608 incomposedly1615 discomposedly1662 disturbedly1731 agitatedly1803 restless1810 disorderly1811 restlessly1847 disquietedly1857 discomfortably1873 inquietly1893 troublously1897 disconcertedly1909 c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) 527 (MED) Sesounez schal yow never sese of sede ne of hervest..Bot ever renne restlez. 1508 Golagros & Gawane (Chepman & Myllar) sig. aii^v The renk restles he raid to arthour the king. 1532 (?a1400) Romaunt Rose* 370 (MED) The tyme, that passeth nyght and day..resteles [Fr. sans repos] travayleth ay. 1810 Splendid Follies II. 119 Emily Camelion slept very restless. 1891 Homeopathic Recorder Jan. 44 Patient often feels chilly, sleeps restless, is constipated. Compounds C1. restless-footed adj. ΚΠ 1842 F. W. Faber Sights & Thoughts in Foreign Churches 370 It is the restless-footed rack of the cloudy, wind-swept sky. 1889 W. B. Yeats Wanderings of Oisin ii. 24 Where goes to gaze the restless-footed star Of twilight when he's weary. 1902 Atlantic Monthly Apr. 545/2 Mere restless-footed adventurers. 1996 Las Vegas (Nevada) Rev.-Jrnl. (Nexis) 1 Nov. 2 j Restless-footed youths can get a double dose of it [sc. Ska] this weekend. † restless-rolling adj. Obsolete ΚΠ 1560 J. Heywood tr. Seneca Thyestes i. sig. A Shall Sisyphus his stone, That slypper restles rollyng payse vpon my backe be borne? 1615 P. Gordon Penardo & Laissa I. sig. A. ij Eache creture bles'd with equall light, Saluts the princelye spring with pleasant noys The restles roling heaun, with shyning bright Smyls on the earthe. 1777 R. Potter tr. Æschylus Seven Chiefs against Thebes in tr. Æschylus Tragedies 161 The rude plunderers' restless-rolling tide. restless-souled adj. ΚΠ 1845 R. Howitt Impressions Austral. Felix 232 The bee is no restless-souled emigrant. 1914 ‘Saki’ When William Came vi. 101 You must remember that thousands and thousands of the more virile and restless-souled men have emigrated. restless-spirited adj. ΚΠ 1646 J. Bastwick Utter Routing of Army of Independents sig. b2^v This place of Scripture with this their reason to speake the truth, is all the ground, and warrant for substance, that all those restlesse spirited Rabbies have for this great warre and contention betweene us. c1712 Dangerous Present 1 The malicious and dangerous Designs of the restless Spirited Whigs. 1837 J. Williams Narr. Missionary Enterprises (1840) 98 A few restless-spirited old warriors..rallied around this young chieftain. 2006 Guardian (Nexis) 12 Jan. 38 New album ‘My Beast’ showcases both sides of the restless-spirited band. C2. In the names of birds and other animals. restless cavy n. now rare the domesticated guinea pig, Cavia porcellus, or the Brazilian guinea pig, C. aperea, often supposed to be its wild ancestor. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > order Rodentia or rodent > superfamily Hystricomorpha (porcupine or guinea-pig) > [noun] > family Caviidae (cavy) > genus Cavia (guinea-pig) pig-cony1607 guinea pig1664 restless cavy1771 rock cavy1771 moco1831 1771 T. Pennant Synopsis Quadrupeds 243 Cavy... Restless [Cavy]... Inhabits Brazil:..domesticated in Europe: a restless, grunting, little animal; perpetually running from corner to corner. 1831 List Animals Gardens Zool. Soc. 1 July 31 These animals are commonly known by the name of Guinea Pigs; but the species is properly denominated the Restless Cavy. 1876 Encycl. Brit. V. 277 The Restless Cavy (Cavia aperea), found throughout Uruguay and Brazil, is supposed to be the wild form of the Guinea-pig of Europe. 1959 Proc. Internat. Conf. Sci. Information I. 580 We suggest that the domestic guineapig, possibly a descendant of the South American Restless Cavy,..which produces one, or at most two, at a birth, occupies its strange position as the result of selection for superovulation. restless flycatcher n. a large Australian flycatcher, Myiagra inquieta (family Monarchidae), with blackish upperparts and white underparts. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > order Passeriformes (singing) > family Muscicapidae (thrushes, etc.) > [noun] > miscellaneous types of > sisura inquieta (restless flycatcher) restless thrush1801 razor-grinder1822 grinder1848 restless flycatcher1848 scissors-grinder1875 1848 J. Gould Birds Austral. II. Pl. 87 Seisura Inquieta, Restless Flycatcher; The Grinder, of the Colonists of Swan River and New South Wales. 1945 C. Barrett Austral. Bird Life 172 There is no mistaking the notes of the restless flycatcher..uttered while the bird is hovering. 2005 P. Olsen et al. Wedge-tailed Eagle vi. 25 Even when the eagle perches, Willy-Wagtails, Restless Flycatchers and other bolder passerines continue the kerfuffle. † restless thrush n. Obsolete = restless flycatcher n. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > order Passeriformes (singing) > family Muscicapidae (thrushes, etc.) > [noun] > miscellaneous types of > sisura inquieta (restless flycatcher) restless thrush1801 razor-grinder1822 grinder1848 restless flycatcher1848 scissors-grinder1875 1801 J. Latham Gen. Synopsis Birds Suppl. II. 181 Restless Thrush. 1817 J. F. Stephens Shaw's Gen. Zool. X. i. 263 The Restless Thrush inhabits New Holland. 1848 J. Gould Birds Austral. VI. Pl. 40 Seisura inquieta. Restless Flycatcher..Restless Thrush. C3. restless legs n. Medicine (with singular agreement) = restless legs syndrome n. ΚΠ 1945 K.-A. Ekbom in Acta Medica Scandinavica Suppl. 158 11 For both groups I use the common term ‘restless legs’. 1990 Elle (U.S. ed.) Aug. 219/2 It is only because of sleep disorder centers and sleep research that sleep apnea was found and ‘restless legs’ became a diagnosable and treatable disorder. 2001 J. Le Fanu They don't know what's Wrong xii. 193 For some reason restless legs is exacerbated by anaemia due to lack of iron and will be ameliorated by its replacement. restless legs syndrome n. (also restless leg syndrome) Medicine a disorder characterized by an urge to move the legs (and sometimes the arms), which is engendered by rest and is worse in the evening or at night, and may be accompanied by unpleasant sensations in the limbs.Restless legs syndrome is now usually considered to be a sleep disorder, and is treated with dopaminergic drugs. ΚΠ 1954 Brit. Jrnl. Physical Med. 17 160/2 The restless legs syndrome developed in parallel with the anaemia. 1987 Independent 3 Feb. 11/7 Restless leg syndrome..is one of the miseries of life and it affects about 5 per cent of the population, mainly elderly people. 2003 N.Y. Times Mag. 2 Feb. 40/2 The sleep disorder known as restless legs syndrome, which is characterized by extremely painful crawling sensations in the legs. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2010; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < adj.adv.OE
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