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单词 responsory
释义

responsoryn.

Brit. /rᵻˈspɒns(ə)ri/, U.S. /rəˈspɑnsəri/, /riˈspɑnsəri/
Forms: late Middle English 1600s– responsory, 1500s responsorye, 1500s–1600s responsorie; also Scottish pre-1700 responsery.
Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin responsorium.
Etymology: < post-classical Latin responsorium (neuter) anthem sung alternately (4th cent.; also responsorius , masculine (6th cent.)) < classical Latin respōns- , past participial stem of respondēre respond v. + -ōrium -ory suffix1. Compare Old French, Middle French responsoire (13th cent.). Compare response n., responsal n. With sense 2 compare earlier response n. 1c.With the form responsery compare -ery suffix. Compare the following earlier use of the Latin word (in plural form) in an English context:OE Confessionale Pseudo-Egberti (Junius) 189 Swa hwylc swa wile æt mæssetidum lectiones rædun oððe responsoria singan, [etc.]. Compare also Old English reps, ræps (early Middle English reps) response (in a church service) (shortened < post-classical Latin responsorium (see above), with metathesis):OE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 2nd Ser. (Cambr. Gg.3.28) xiii. 127 On ðisum dagum we forlætað on urum repsum Gloria patri, for geomerunge þære halgan ðrowunge.OE Rule St. Benet (Corpus Cambr.) ix. 33 Man þreo rædinga ræde and þry ræpsas [a1225 Winteney repsæs; L. responsoria], and ealle þa gebroþra þa hwile sittan.
1. Christian Church.
a. A liturgical chant traditionally consisting of a series of versicles and responses, said or sung by a cantor and choir alternately; (also) spec. a gradual.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > worship > church music > hymn > kinds of hymn > anthem > [noun] > responsory
responda1387
responsec1410
respouna1425
responsory?a1475
responsary?1567
responsive?1789
society > leisure > the arts > music > type of music > vocal music > religious or devotional > [noun] > responsory
responda1387
responsec1410
respouna1425
responsory?a1475
anthem1555
responsary?1567
responsive?1789
?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1879) VII. 39 Fulbertus..made in the lawde of that blissede virgyn..these ij. responsoryes [a1387 J. Trevisa tr. respondes; L. responsoria], ‘Stirps Jesse’ and ‘Solem justitiæ’.
1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection iii. sig. SSSiiiv In matynes commonly be .iii. orbes,..of the whiche, euery orbe conteyneth .iii. psalmes .iii. lessons, & .iii. responsoryes.
1563 J. Foxe Actes & Monuments 895/2 The Responsorie, which is called the Gradual (being wont to be songe at the steps going vp) with alleluya.
1638 J. Mede Wks. (1672) 60 The Jews in their Divine Lauds were wont to praise God after this manner, in Antiphons or Responsories.
1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 190/2 The Responsory being sung, and some Prayers said, they return from Church.
1763 R. Burn Eccl. Law I. 38 The invitatories, responsories, verses, collects, and whatever is said or sung in the quire.
1783 H. Blair Lect. Rhetoric II. xli. 389 Their Poetry, when set to music, naturally divided itself into a succession of strophes and antistrophes correspondent to each other; whence, it is probable, the origin of the Antiphon, or Responsory, in the public religious service of so many Christian churches.
1845 J. Lingard Hist. & Antiq. Anglo-Saxon Church (ed. 3) II. App. a. 363 The responsories..indicated by the initial words of each versicle.
1877 J. D. Chambers Divine Worship Eng. 90 The Clerks ought continually to stand unless when a Responsory is sung.
1921 Musical Times 62 372/1 The usual polyphonic music has been executed, without organ: the responsories, lamentations, and psalms of Palestrina, Victoria, Viadana, &c.
1993 Time Out 31 Mar. 100/3 Simon Dearsley directs a reenactment of the service of Tenebrae with settings of the Good Friday responsories and lamentations by Gesualdo, Lassus and Victori, plus Allegri's Miserere.
b. A response to a versicle. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > worship > parts of service > response > [noun]
answer1440
R1497
responda1555
response1578
interlocution1597
responsory1621
responsora1649
antiphona1652
responsala1652
cathisma1850
responsor1944
1621 D. Calderwood Altar of Damascus vii. sig. N4v When he [sc. the priest] commeth to the sickmans presence, he kneeleth downe, and prayeth his prescript lines for forgivenes of sinnes, with two kyrie eleesons, and one Christe eleeson, the Lords prayer, and some other versicles and responsories.
a1649 R. Crashaw Carmen Deo Nostro (1652) 33 The Versicle... The Responsory.
1762 Evening-office of Church (ed. 2) Direct. 3 Then is sung the Hymn with its Verse and Responsory.
c. figurative. A formulaic laudatory dialogue or reply. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
1644 J. Milton Areopagitica 8 Sometimes 5 Imprimaturs are seen together dialogue-wise in the Piatza of one Title page... These are the prety responsories, these are the deare Antiphonies that so bewitcht of late our Prelats, and their Chaplaines with the goodly Eccho they made.
1649 J. Milton Εικονοκλαστης xxiv. 195 Which if I should repeat again, would turn my answers into Responsories, and begett another Liturgie.
a1677 J. Taylor Contempl. State Man (1684) ii. ii. 188 What shall it be to be Celebrated by all the Angels and Saints in Celestial Responsories?
2. An oracle. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > expectation > foresight, foreknowledge > prediction, foretelling > divination through oracles > [noun] > medium or mouthpiece of the deity, oracle
oraclec1425
oraculumc1450
oratorya1522
oratoura1522
oracler1584
trivet1587
tripos1589
oraclist1603
tripod1603
presagitian1652
responsory1677
1677 T. Gale Court of Gentiles: Pt. III iii. 58 The ephod of the Idolatrous Iews which they consulted as their Responsorie.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

responsoryadj.

Brit. /rᵻˈspɒns(ə)ri/, U.S. /rəˈspɑnsəri/, /riˈspɑnsəri/
Forms:

α. 1500s responsorie, 1600s– responsory.

β. 1600s responsarie, 1600s responsary.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin responsorius.
Etymology: < post-classical Latin responsorius sung alternately or in response (6th cent.), written in answer (from c1200 in British sources) < classical Latin respōns- , past participial stem of respondere respond v. + -ōrius -ory suffix2. Compare Middle French responsoire (early 15th cent. in apparently isolated use). Compare responsory n.With β. forms compare -ary suffix1 and also responsary n.
1.
a. Of the nature of an answer or reply; responding, answering. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > answer > [adjective]
responsory1576
replicatory1641
1576 A. Fleming Panoplie Epist. To Rdr. sig. ¶v v Of letters there be sundrie sortes [margin] Exhortatorie, Accusatorie, Intercessorie, Commendatorie, Excusatorie, Congratulatorie, Responsorie.
1586 A. Day Eng. Secretorie i. sig. D2 To these are manie letters Responsorie.
1602 W. Fulbecke Parallele or Conf. Law i. 58 Before..the libel [is] exhibited in Court, & notice taken thereof by the def. by some responsory acte.
1634 W. Boswell Let. 25 July in J. Mede Wks. (1672) iv. Ep. xxxv. 791 Divers other Letters Responsory to Beverovicius have been long expected.
1661 W. Johnson Novelty Represt sig. S8v As Baronius testifyes out of Arcadiu's responsory Epistle to Innocentius.
1737 L. Clarke Compl. Hist. Bible I. i. 106 Job..maintains his Virtue in responsory Speeches successively to every one of theirs.
b. Characterized by or containing (liturgical) responses; forming a (liturgical) response.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > worship > parts of service > response > [adjective]
responsory1620
responsive1771
responsorial1831
interlocutive1842
1620 W. Hart tr. F. de Croÿ Three Conformities i. xxx. 76 They sung responsarie Letanies with their little verses, and Peans in honour of their Gods.
1641 R. Baillie Parallel Compar. Liturgie with Masse-bk. iii. 28 The Versicle responsory to this is the fourth verse.
1659 H. L'Estrange Alliance Divine Offices 146 The first part of it, whose responsory terminations are ‘Have Mercy upon us’.
1713 J. Kersey New Eng. Dict. (ed. 2) A Responsory Song, an Anthem in which the Quiristers sing by turns.
1790 W. Jones Serm. Moral & Relig. II. vi. 177 The responsory form of our chanting by alternate singing in the choir is agreeable to the heavenly worship of the seraphim.
1832 W. Palmer Origines Liturg. I. 257 When this psalm is used in the place of Nunc dimittis, it is as a responsory psalm, according to the practice of many churches.
1880 Grove's Dict. Music I. 305/2 The ‘Cantate’ is to be considered as a ‘responsory psalm’ coming between the lessons.
1956 Southern Folklore Q. Sept. 178 (title of article) Rhapsodies of Salvation: Negro Responsory Hymns.
1999 E. Mazza Celebration of Eucharist xvi. 264 The readings are separated by a psalm, understood as a responsory song.
2. Responsive, grateful. Obsolete. rare.Apparently only in the works of Josias Shute.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > gratitude > [adjective]
thankful971
kinda1475
grateful1552
grate1565
responsorya1643
resentive1648
appreciate1823
a1643 J. Shute Sarah & Hagar (1649) 57 The dull earth is responsory for that it receiveth: onely men are unthankful.
a1643 J. Shute Judgem. & Mercy (1645) 202 He thinks not himself so obliged to..be responsary for such a favour.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.?a1475adj.1576
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