retractationn.

Brit.

/ˌriːtrakˈteɪʃn/, U.S.

/ˌriˌtrækˈteɪʃ(ə)n/

Forms: late Middle English–1500s retractacion, 1500s retractatyon, 1500s– retractation; Scottish pre-1700 retractatioun, pre-1700 retractatioune, pre-1700 retrectatioune, 1700s–1800s retractation.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin retractātiōn-, retractātiō.

Etymology: < classical Latin retractātiōn-, retractātiō action of drawing back, action of shrinking from an undertaking, action of taking back one's words, action of handling again, repetition, re-examination, reconsideration, in post-classical Latin also (in rhetoric) repetition of the same word in a different sense (perhaps 4th cent.), (in plural, retractationes ) title of a work by St Augustine (c427) < retractāt- , past participial stem of retractāre retract v.² + -iō -ion suffix¹. Compare Middle French retractacion , retractation act of withdrawing formally what one has said or written previously (1549; c1377 with reference to St Augustine's work; French rétractation ), Catalan retractació (1507), Spanish retractación (1499 or earlier), Italian ritrattazione retraction, annulment (late 14th cent.), reconsideration, correction (c1500), (in plural) the title of a work by St Augustine (16th cent.). Compare earlier retraction n.With the early Scots form retrectatioune with -e- in the second syllable compare Scots variants and discussion at retract v.²

1. A reconsideration or re-examination of something previously discussed. Usually in plural.Chiefly in the title of or with reference to a book by St Augustine containing further treatment and corrections of matters dealt with in his earlier writings.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > artefacts > book (general) > other books > [noun] > theology books

the four books (or the Book) of the Sentence(sa1387

retractationc1450

retraction1483

dunce1530

c1450 J. Capgrave Life St. Augustine (1910) 31 (MED) All þis þing witnesseth him-selue in his first book of his Retractaciones.

1532 T. More Confut. Tyndale in Wks. 733/2 Saynt Austyne..found no faut in that saieng when he was after bishop at the time of his retractacions.

1583 W. Fulke Def. Transl. Script. Answ. Pref. 54 The same Beda, in his preface vnto his retractation vpon the Acts of the Apostles.

1614 W. Raleigh Hist. World i. i. ii. §1. 23 St. Augustine..in his Retractations maintaineth the same opinion.

1651 C. Cartwright Certamen Religiosum i. 49 Saint Augustine had written so many errors, as occasioned the writing of a whole booke of retractations.

1734 tr. C. Rollin Anc. Hist. I. Pref. p. xx St. Austin, in his retractations, repents his having lavished so many encomiums on Plato.

1847 Brit. Q. Rev. Aug. 238 The Retractations of Augustine are very remarkable, as containing his own review, in advanced years, of his writings.

1968 R. P. Russell Teacher 3 The central theme of the Dialogue is succinctly stated in the Retractations, a chronological review of the Saint's works.

2009 Rev. Metaphysics (Nexis) Mar. 696 With each essay Teske includes a short introduction written for this volume. In so doing, Teske engages in a kind of Augustinian retractation.

a. The action or fact of rescinding a decision, decree, etc.; annulment, cancellation; = retraction n. 1b. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > memory > effacement, obliteration > cancellation, revocation > [noun]

revoking1395

revocationc1400

cassationc1425

annulling1449

reclamationa1475

annulmenta1492

retractation1531

disannulling1533

abrogation1535

cancellation1535

retraction1536

extinguishment1537

undoing1540

abrenunciation1557

revocating1570

reversement1572

revokement1573

annihilation1579

revocatory1579

annullity1586

retroversion1587

rescission1594

recall1597

recision1606

disannulment1611

repeal1612

rasurea1616

cancelment1621

retractinga1624

cancelling1631

extinction1651

circumduction1726

cassing1844

recallment1845

cancel1884

1531 in R. K. Hannay Acts Lords of Council Public Affairs (1932) 354 [The lords find themselves not competent judges to the] retractatioun [of a decreet in 1496, because more than 30 years have elapsed and the decreet was] alterit sen syne and the landis mortifiit to the kirk.

1543 in Rec. Parl. Scotl. to 1707 (2007) 1543/3/29 This present declaratioune and retrectatioune of the said decrete and dome of forfaltour.

c1600 in J. Balfour Practicks (1754) 160 Na man quha is enterit air to his predecessour may call and persew for reductioun and retractatioun of ony infeftment, alienatioun, dispositioun, or assedatioun, maid..be his predecessour, to ony persoun.

1638 G. Langbaine tr. G. Ranchin Rev. Councell Trent iv. iii. 215 See here how they pronounced against the Pope: whose Legats the next day desired the retractation of that Decree.

1713 C. Leslie Case stated between Church Rome & Church Eng. 46 This Retractation..among others revokes the Bull.

1862 Rep. Cases Argued & Determined Eng. Courts Common Law 8 (1870) 755 The notice operated a retractation of the request, and any discount which took place after that notice was not a discount at the request of the defendants.

1891 Mag. Christian Lit. Apr. 28 The full sum has been paid, the house in question has been bought: there shall be no retractation or annulment of the contract.

1913 Law Rep.: Chancery Div. (Nexis) 1 276 They contended that this passage shews that a bequest becomes void on the refusal of the legatee to receive it and cannot be restored by retractation of that refusal.

b. The action or an act of withdrawing a statement, accusation, etc., which is now admitted to be erroneous or unjustified; = retraction n. 1a. Chiefly formal in later use.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > statement > denial or contradiction > [noun] > withdrawal or recantation of statement or opinion

retractionc1405

retractation1547

the mind > will > decision > irresolution or vacillation > reversal of or forsaking one's will or purpose > [noun] > recantation or retraction

renayinga1400

retractionc1405

revocationa1428

recanting1534

recantation?1544

retractation1547

retract1553

renegation1581

reneging1632

revoking1646

unsaying1647

misowning1661

unwishing1699

unswearinga1822

withdrawal1836

1547 (title) A godly and faythfull retractation made..by mayster Richard Smyth... Reuokyng therin certeyn errors and faultes by hym committyd in some of hys bookes.

1548 T. Cooper Bibliotheca Eliotæ (rev. ed.) Retractatio, a retractacion; a reuokyng of ones opinion.

1643 K. Digby Observ. Religio Medici 98 What censure upon himselfe may wee expect..if ever hee make any retractation of this discourse concerning his Religion?

1673 H. Hickman Hist. Quinq-articularis 22 Retractation is when a man out of conviction of judgement revokes his error.

1702 J. Dennis Comical Gallant iv. i. 37 Your Father will immediately retract his orders..; but will politickly oblige you at the same time to conceal this retractation from your Mother.

1752 T. Carte Gen. Hist. Eng. III. 293 Such are the effects of forced retractations falsly termed conversions.

1839 H. Hallam Introd. Lit. Europe IV. iii. 209 He had been for many years..a favourer of Cartesianism, but his retractation is very complete.

a1873 S. Wilberforce Ess. (1874) II. 226 Their very retractations witness to the gradualness with which the new light dawned upon them.

1924 P. G. Wodehouse Bill the Conqueror 84 He must see the editor and demand that a full apology and retractation appear in the earliest possible issue.

1967 Analysis 27 88 Miss Anscombe's retractation consists mainly in the fact that she now..admits the possibility of not only relation-kernels but also quality-kernels.

2005 M. M. Capria Physics before & after Einstein vi. 144 He felt safe in asking Einstein to let him know whether he agreed with the computation, and suggested that Einstein published a retractation in the same journal.

c. Withdrawal from an undertaking, promise, etc.; = retraction n. 1c. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > decision > irresolution or vacillation > reversal of or forsaking one's will or purpose > [noun] > withdrawal from an engagement or promise

retraction1550

resiling1644

retractation1654

resilience1656

backing-out1819

pull-out1825

back-out1829

resilement1830

1654 E. Wolley tr. ‘G. de Scudéry’ Curia Politiæ 115 Faith is obligatory, and binding, and no retractation to be admitted.

1794 R. J. Sulivan View of Nature V. lxxvi. 1 I am..too far advanced to relinquish the pursuit. The consideration of our subject has carried me beyond the possibility of retractation.

1826 Parl. Deb. 2nd Ser. 14 878 The supporters of this bill must..be guilty of a decided retractation from the principle..that the best system of currency was a paper one.

1859 J. S. Mill On Liberty v. 185 There are perhaps no contracts or engagements..of which one can venture to say that there ought to be no liberty whatever of retractation.

1904 H. James Golden Bowl I. ii. xii. 220 Given the relation of intimacy with him she had already, beyond all retractation, accepted.

†3. Apparently: reluctance, holding back. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > wish or inclination > unwillingness > [noun]

un-i-willa1225

unlustc1230

dangerc1290

loathnessa1300

thronessa1400

grudgingc1420

nilling?a1425

unlustiness?a1425

loathinessc1449

difficulty?c1450

grudge1477

sticking1525

scruple1526

unreadiness1526

sweerness1533

dangerousness1548

untowardnessa1555

envy1557

loathsomeness1560

retractation1563

stickling1589

indisposition1593

loathfulness1596

backwardness1597

unwillingness1597

reluctation1598

offwardness1600

undisposedness1600

hinka1614

reluctancy1621

reluctancea1628

renitence1640

nolencea1651

nolencya1651

indisposedness1651

shyness1651

nolition1653

costiveness1654

sullenness1659

scrupling1665

regret1667

queerness1687

stickiness1689

disinclination1695

uneasinessa1715

tarditude1794

disclination1812

inalacrity1813

grudgingness1820

tarrowing1832

reticence1863

grudgery1889

balkiness1894

safety first1913

1563 N. Winȝet tr. Vincentius Lirinensis Antiq. Catholik Fayth xxxiv. 50 Without al hæsitatioun or dout bayth lat it be maid patent, and without ony retractatioun [L. retractatione] be condemnit.

†4. Apparently: a rejoinder, a retort. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > answer > [noun] > a sharp answer, retort

regestion1565

snaphance1598

regest1609

retortion1609

retort1610

retractation1637

riposte1877

comeback1908

answer-back1921

the short answer to (something) is1955

1637 G. Gillespie Dispute against Eng.-Popish Ceremonies iii. i. 15 If so, my retractation is, that if he be excused one way, hee must be accused an other way.

†5. Rhetoric. Repetition of a word to convey a different meaning or for emphasis; = ploce n. Obsolete. rare.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > figure of speech > figures of structure or thought > [noun] > repetition > of same word in altered sense

ploce1577

traductio1577

retractation1671

1671 E. Phillips New World of Words (new ed.) Retractation..in Rhetorick..is the same figure with that which is called in Greek Ploce.

†6. Retransformation, reconversion. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > change > change to something else, transformation > [noun] > repeated

retransformation1641

retractationa1856

a1856 W. Hamilton Lect. Metaphysics (1859) II. xl. 406 We can only imagine this, as a retractation of an outward energy into power.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	retractation
释义	retractationn. Brit. /ˌriːtrakˈteɪʃn/, U.S. /ˌriˌtrækˈteɪʃ(ə)n/ Forms: late Middle English–1500s retractacion, 1500s retractatyon, 1500s– retractation; Scottish pre-1700 retractatioun, pre-1700 retractatioune, pre-1700 retrectatioune, 1700s–1800s retractation. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin retractātiōn-, retractātiō. Etymology: < classical Latin retractātiōn-, retractātiō action of drawing back, action of shrinking from an undertaking, action of taking back one's words, action of handling again, repetition, re-examination, reconsideration, in post-classical Latin also (in rhetoric) repetition of the same word in a different sense (perhaps 4th cent.), (in plural, retractationes ) title of a work by St Augustine (c427) < retractāt- , past participial stem of retractāre retract v.² + -iō -ion suffix¹. Compare Middle French retractacion , retractation act of withdrawing formally what one has said or written previously (1549; c1377 with reference to St Augustine's work; French rétractation ), Catalan retractació (1507), Spanish retractación (1499 or earlier), Italian ritrattazione retraction, annulment (late 14th cent.), reconsideration, correction (c1500), (in plural) the title of a work by St Augustine (16th cent.). Compare earlier retraction n.With the early Scots form retrectatioune with -e- in the second syllable compare Scots variants and discussion at retract v.² 1. A reconsideration or re-examination of something previously discussed. Usually in plural.Chiefly in the title of or with reference to a book by St Augustine containing further treatment and corrections of matters dealt with in his earlier writings. ΘΚΠ society > faith > artefacts > book (general) > other books > [noun] > theology books the four books (or the Book) of the Sentence(sa1387 retractationc1450 retraction1483 dunce1530 c1450 J. Capgrave Life St. Augustine (1910) 31 (MED) All þis þing witnesseth him-selue in his first book of his Retractaciones. 1532 T. More Confut. Tyndale in Wks. 733/2 Saynt Austyne..found no faut in that saieng when he was after bishop at the time of his retractacions. 1583 W. Fulke Def. Transl. Script. Answ. Pref. 54 The same Beda, in his preface vnto his retractation vpon the Acts of the Apostles. 1614 W. Raleigh Hist. World i. i. ii. §1. 23 St. Augustine..in his Retractations maintaineth the same opinion. 1651 C. Cartwright Certamen Religiosum i. 49 Saint Augustine had written so many errors, as occasioned the writing of a whole booke of retractations. 1734 tr. C. Rollin Anc. Hist. I. Pref. p. xx St. Austin, in his retractations, repents his having lavished so many encomiums on Plato. 1847 Brit. Q. Rev. Aug. 238 The Retractations of Augustine are very remarkable, as containing his own review, in advanced years, of his writings. 1968 R. P. Russell Teacher 3 The central theme of the Dialogue is succinctly stated in the Retractations, a chronological review of the Saint's works. 2009 Rev. Metaphysics (Nexis) Mar. 696 With each essay Teske includes a short introduction written for this volume. In so doing, Teske engages in a kind of Augustinian retractation. 2. a. The action or fact of rescinding a decision, decree, etc.; annulment, cancellation; = retraction n. 1b. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > memory > effacement, obliteration > cancellation, revocation > [noun] revoking1395 revocationc1400 cassationc1425 annulling1449 reclamationa1475 annulmenta1492 retractation1531 disannulling1533 abrogation1535 cancellation1535 retraction1536 extinguishment1537 undoing1540 abrenunciation1557 revocating1570 reversement1572 revokement1573 annihilation1579 revocatory1579 annullity1586 retroversion1587 rescission1594 recall1597 recision1606 disannulment1611 repeal1612 rasurea1616 cancelment1621 retractinga1624 cancelling1631 extinction1651 circumduction1726 cassing1844 recallment1845 cancel1884 1531 in R. K. Hannay Acts Lords of Council Public Affairs (1932) 354 [The lords find themselves not competent judges to the] retractatioun [of a decreet in 1496, because more than 30 years have elapsed and the decreet was] alterit sen syne and the landis mortifiit to the kirk. 1543 in Rec. Parl. Scotl. to 1707 (2007) 1543/3/29 This present declaratioune and retrectatioune of the said decrete and dome of forfaltour. c1600 in J. Balfour Practicks (1754) 160 Na man quha is enterit air to his predecessour may call and persew for reductioun and retractatioun of ony infeftment, alienatioun, dispositioun, or assedatioun, maid..be his predecessour, to ony persoun. 1638 G. Langbaine tr. G. Ranchin Rev. Councell Trent iv. iii. 215 See here how they pronounced against the Pope: whose Legats the next day desired the retractation of that Decree. 1713 C. Leslie Case stated between Church Rome & Church Eng. 46 This Retractation..among others revokes the Bull. 1862 Rep. Cases Argued & Determined Eng. Courts Common Law 8 (1870) 755 The notice operated a retractation of the request, and any discount which took place after that notice was not a discount at the request of the defendants. 1891 Mag. Christian Lit. Apr. 28 The full sum has been paid, the house in question has been bought: there shall be no retractation or annulment of the contract. 1913 Law Rep.: Chancery Div. (Nexis) 1 276 They contended that this passage shews that a bequest becomes void on the refusal of the legatee to receive it and cannot be restored by retractation of that refusal. b. The action or an act of withdrawing a statement, accusation, etc., which is now admitted to be erroneous or unjustified; = retraction n. 1a. Chiefly formal in later use. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > statement > denial or contradiction > [noun] > withdrawal or recantation of statement or opinion retractionc1405 retractation1547 the mind > will > decision > irresolution or vacillation > reversal of or forsaking one's will or purpose > [noun] > recantation or retraction renayinga1400 retractionc1405 revocationa1428 recanting1534 recantation?1544 retractation1547 retract1553 renegation1581 reneging1632 revoking1646 unsaying1647 misowning1661 unwishing1699 unswearinga1822 withdrawal1836 1547 (title) A godly and faythfull retractation made..by mayster Richard Smyth... Reuokyng therin certeyn errors and faultes by hym committyd in some of hys bookes. 1548 T. Cooper Bibliotheca Eliotæ (rev. ed.) Retractatio, a retractacion; a reuokyng of ones opinion. 1643 K. Digby Observ. Religio Medici 98 What censure upon himselfe may wee expect..if ever hee make any retractation of this discourse concerning his Religion? 1673 H. Hickman Hist. Quinq-articularis 22 Retractation is when a man out of conviction of judgement revokes his error. 1702 J. Dennis Comical Gallant iv. i. 37 Your Father will immediately retract his orders..; but will politickly oblige you at the same time to conceal this retractation from your Mother. 1752 T. Carte Gen. Hist. Eng. III. 293 Such are the effects of forced retractations falsly termed conversions. 1839 H. Hallam Introd. Lit. Europe IV. iii. 209 He had been for many years..a favourer of Cartesianism, but his retractation is very complete. a1873 S. Wilberforce Ess. (1874) II. 226 Their very retractations witness to the gradualness with which the new light dawned upon them. 1924 P. G. Wodehouse Bill the Conqueror 84 He must see the editor and demand that a full apology and retractation appear in the earliest possible issue. 1967 Analysis 27 88 Miss Anscombe's retractation consists mainly in the fact that she now..admits the possibility of not only relation-kernels but also quality-kernels. 2005 M. M. Capria Physics before & after Einstein vi. 144 He felt safe in asking Einstein to let him know whether he agreed with the computation, and suggested that Einstein published a retractation in the same journal. c. Withdrawal from an undertaking, promise, etc.; = retraction n. 1c. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > decision > irresolution or vacillation > reversal of or forsaking one's will or purpose > [noun] > withdrawal from an engagement or promise retraction1550 resiling1644 retractation1654 resilience1656 backing-out1819 pull-out1825 back-out1829 resilement1830 1654 E. Wolley tr. ‘G. de Scudéry’ Curia Politiæ 115 Faith is obligatory, and binding, and no retractation to be admitted. 1794 R. J. Sulivan View of Nature V. lxxvi. 1 I am..too far advanced to relinquish the pursuit. The consideration of our subject has carried me beyond the possibility of retractation. 1826 Parl. Deb. 2nd Ser. 14 878 The supporters of this bill must..be guilty of a decided retractation from the principle..that the best system of currency was a paper one. 1859 J. S. Mill On Liberty v. 185 There are perhaps no contracts or engagements..of which one can venture to say that there ought to be no liberty whatever of retractation. 1904 H. James Golden Bowl I. ii. xii. 220 Given the relation of intimacy with him she had already, beyond all retractation, accepted. †3. Apparently: reluctance, holding back. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > wish or inclination > unwillingness > [noun] un-i-willa1225 unlustc1230 dangerc1290 loathnessa1300 thronessa1400 grudgingc1420 nilling?a1425 unlustiness?a1425 loathinessc1449 difficulty?c1450 grudge1477 sticking1525 scruple1526 unreadiness1526 sweerness1533 dangerousness1548 untowardnessa1555 envy1557 loathsomeness1560 retractation1563 stickling1589 indisposition1593 loathfulness1596 backwardness1597 unwillingness1597 reluctation1598 offwardness1600 undisposedness1600 hinka1614 reluctancy1621 reluctancea1628 renitence1640 nolencea1651 nolencya1651 indisposedness1651 shyness1651 nolition1653 costiveness1654 sullenness1659 scrupling1665 regret1667 queerness1687 stickiness1689 disinclination1695 uneasinessa1715 tarditude1794 disclination1812 inalacrity1813 grudgingness1820 tarrowing1832 reticence1863 grudgery1889 balkiness1894 safety first1913 1563 N. Winȝet tr. Vincentius Lirinensis Antiq. Catholik Fayth xxxiv. 50 Without al hæsitatioun or dout bayth lat it be maid patent, and without ony retractatioun [L. retractatione] be condemnit. †4. Apparently: a rejoinder, a retort. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > answer > [noun] > a sharp answer, retort regestion1565 snaphance1598 regest1609 retortion1609 retort1610 retractation1637 riposte1877 comeback1908 answer-back1921 the short answer to (something) is1955 1637 G. Gillespie Dispute against Eng.-Popish Ceremonies iii. i. 15 If so, my retractation is, that if he be excused one way, hee must be accused an other way. †5. Rhetoric. Repetition of a word to convey a different meaning or for emphasis; = ploce n. Obsolete. rare.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > figure of speech > figures of structure or thought > [noun] > repetition > of same word in altered sense ploce1577 traductio1577 retractation1671 1671 E. Phillips New World of Words (new ed.) Retractation..in Rhetorick..is the same figure with that which is called in Greek Ploce. †6. Retransformation, reconversion. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > time > change > change to something else, transformation > [noun] > repeated retransformation1641 retractationa1856 a1856 W. Hamilton Lect. Metaphysics (1859) II. xl. 406 We can only imagine this, as a retractation of an outward energy into power. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.c1450
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