retouchn.

Brit.

/(ˌ)riːˈtʌtʃ/, U.S.

/riˈtətʃ/

Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: retouch v.

Etymology: < retouch v. Compare French retouche alteration, improvement (1507 in Middle French in an isolated attestation; subsequently from mid 18th cent.). Compare also retouching n.

1. A second or further touch added, or an alteration made, to improve a picture, composition, etc.; a touching-up. Cf. retouch v. 2a.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > improvement > [noun] > renewed or further improvement > instance of

reimprovement1618

retouch1703

retouching1703

1703 R. Steele Tender Husband iv. i Then so many Touches and Retouches, when the Face is finish'd.

1793 A. Seward Lett. (1811) III. 237 Dr. Vyse received it with these retouches, praised the epitaph, and thanked me.

1843 Civil Engineer & Architect's Jrnl. 6 391/1 Some parts, which it may reasonably be inferred are retouches,..are quite flat and dim.

1878 L. Villari tr. P. Villari Life & Times Machiavelli (1898) I. 157 Those retouches opened the way to new and original creation.

1903 R. Fry Let. 6 Mar. (1972) I. 204 What looks like a retouch above the man's left shoulder turns out on closer inspection to be an original pentimento.

1935 T. S. Wotton Hector Berlioz vi. 131 An extract is given in the Treatise, which affords an excellent example of the constant retouches Berlioz gave to his scores.

1997 E. van de Wetering Rembrandt ii. 41/1 Occasionally a retouch of this kind done by Rembrandt has remained clearly visible.

2. Archaeology. Secondary trimming or shaping applied to a stone implement after initial manufacture; an instance of this. Cf. retouch v. 2c.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > building or constructing with stone > [noun] > other processes

raggling1500

rigalding1688

tailing1700

rusticating1749

rustication1766

knobbling1785

boasting1823

wind-pinning1833

stroking1842

garreting1845

hearting1858

knobbing1875

ripple-flaking1883

retouch1885

1885 Jrnl. Anthropol. Inst. Great Brit. & Irel. 14 290 The difficult and perplexing problem as to the cause of the marks of fire and retouches upon the flints caused an animated discussion.

1912 Rec. Canterbury (N.Z.) Museum 13 Dec. 96 Two of these flakes, apparently flint, are important as showing fine steep retouch.

1932 Jrnl. Royal Anthropol. Inst. 62 261 A fair proportion of lunates and other microliths showed a peculiar retouch which was found..only at Shukba.

1996 Nature 28 Mar. 288/2 Both of the artefacts are pointed flakes..and one of them has its edges modified through retouch so that they meet to form a point.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

retouchv.

Brit.

/(ˌ)riːˈtʌtʃ/, U.S.

/riˈtətʃ/

Origin: Probably formed within English, by derivation; perhaps partly modelled on a French lexical item, and perhaps partly modelled on an Italian lexical item. Etymons: re- prefix, touch v.

Etymology: Probably < re- prefix + touch v., perhaps partly after French retoucher to touch (something) again (c1225 in Old French), to improve or correct (a written text) (1663), to touch up (an artwork) (1669), to touch upon or consider (a matter, event) again (1680; 1176–81 in sense ‘to touch (the heart)’) and Italian ritoccare to touch (something) again (1348–53), to touch up (an artwork) (end of the 14th cent.). Compare also Catalan retocar to touch (something) again (1696), Spanish retocar (17th cent.), Portuguese retocar (1608).

†1. transitive. To remagnetize by contact with a magnet. Cf. touch v. 9. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > magnetism > magnetize [verb (transitive)] > afresh

retouch1635

remagnetize1821

1635 H. Gellibrand Disc. Variation Magneticall Needle 17 I caused the one Needle first touch't by a very good Magnet, to be retouch't by another as good if no better.

1731 Philos. Trans. 1729–30 (Royal Soc.) 36 325 I took off the Armour and bound it to that which was newly touched, and therewith retouched that which I had disarmed.

1817 A. Delano Narr. Voy. & Trav. Northern & Southern Hemispheres xxvii. 560 After a compass has been on board a ship one year it should be retouched with a magnet.

1873 London, Edinb., & Dublin Philos. Mag. 4th Ser. 46 224 A horse-shoe magnet about 4 inches long, consisting of sixteen plates;..these were retouched a few days before they were used.

a. transitive. To improve or repair the appearance of (a painting, composition, photographic negative or print, etc.) by small alterations or fresh touches; to touch up.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > improvement > [verb (transitive)] > with slight or fresh touches

tickle1567

retoucha1650

to touch up1656

fine-tune1967

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > painting > paint [verb (transitive)] > retouch

retouch1711

a1650 E. Norgate Miniatura (Tanner 326) (1919) 36 To..make it [sc. the face] appeare in the due lustre and Life it should have,..by retouching and revisiting with your strongest shadowes the Eyes, Eyebrowes,..and other shadowie places.

1686 G. Burnet Let. 20 May in Some Lett. (1688) v. 190 I have retoucht the Letter that I writ to you last year, so that I now send it to you with the Corrections and Inlargements.

1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 83. ¶10 One..that was very busie in re-touching the finest Pieces, though he produced no Originals of his own.

1751 S. Johnson Rambler No. 176. ⁋7 When the book has once been dismissed into the world, and can be no more retouched.

1797 T. Holcroft tr. F. L. Stolberg Trav. II. xliv. 109 He has retouched a copy, that was painted by one of his scholars.

1847 C. Brontë Jane Eyre I. xiv. 251 I was myself in my usual Quaker trim, where there was nothing to retouch.

1892 Photogr. Ann. II. 201 The negative to be retouched is prepared [etc.].

1931 H. Read Meaning of Art ii. 76 A painting has so often been retouched, if not repainted.

1979 N. Farah Sweet & Sour Milk v. 78 There was the photograph of the All-Powerful retouched to make him look much younger and handsomer.

1992 R. Kenan Let Dead bury their Dead vi. 123 Mabel wipes away her tears. Retouches her makeup.

b. intransitive. To make small alterations or improvements; to add fresh touches.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > improvement > [verb (intransitive)] > with fresh touches

retouch1734

1734 A. Pope Epist. to Arbuthnot 64 Lintot..will think your price too much. ‘Not Sir, if you revise it, and retouch.’

1757 T. Gray Let. 7 Oct. (1971) II. 533 The difficult part is now got over, nothing remains but to polish, & retouch a little.

1843 Civil Engineer & Architect's Jrnl. 6 391/1 It was the practice to retouch when the fresco was dry.

1870 Pall Mall Gaz. 2 Nov. 11 M. Legros has in no single place permitted himself to scumble or retouch.

a1915 R. Brooke Let. in A. Stringer Red Wine of Youth (1948) 204 The modern photographer seems to an old-fashioned person like myself to retouch almost too much.

2009 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 29 Mar. He supported his family by taking portraits of the town's society and well-to-do tourists. But by the mid-1930s he would no longer retouch and his interest..for clients dropped off.

c. transitive. Archaeology. To apply secondary trimming or shaping to (a stone implement) after initial manufacture.

ΚΠ

1861 Ann. Rep. Board of Regents Smithsonian Inst. 1860 321 A lance-head of silex of the age of stone, which had been re-touched since it was first cut in ancient times.

1911 W. J. Sollas Anc. Hunters viii. 218 A new form of implement came into use. This is a pointed flake, carefully retouched all along the cutting edge.

1951 Notes & Queries Anthropol. (ed. 6) iv. 345 The distinction..between tools flaked on both faces (so-called bifacials) and those flaked or retouched on one side only (unifacials).

2006 P. G. Chase Emergence of Culture 180 Tools made by retouching or reshaping flakes are called flake tools.

a. transitive. To touch upon, allude to, or speak of (something) again. Now rare.

ΚΠ

1685 D. Wheare Method & Order Reading 3 Why..should I be blam'd for repeating and retouching the same Readings to my New Hearers, who are for the most part now to begin the Study of Histories?

1701 J. Norris Ess. Ideal World I. 397 It may not be unexpedient more expressly to retouch what has been so often insinuated.

1752 C. Avison Ess. Musical Expression 133 The accidental Subjects are..generally repeated, or at least so retouched in the Progress of the Fugue as to render them easily known.

1953 H. Chalmers World Trade Policies p. xiii No attempt has therefore been made to retouch, in the light of subsequent events, the judgments expressed at the time.

b. intransitive. With on (also upon).

ΚΠ

1708 tr. J. B. Morvan Gen. Hist all Voy. & Trav. xxiv. 277 We cannot forbear retouching a little upon them in this Place.

1772 T. Nugent tr. J. F. de Isla Hist. Friar Gerund II. iv. iv. 90 I think I have now touched and retouched on all the circumstances of the day.

1849 E. Bulwer-Lytton Caxtons ix. lvii, in Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Mar. 300/1 We had never once retouched on the subject of Fanny's marriage, and both of us tacitly avoided even mentioning the Trevanions.

1917 Regulation of Prices: Hearings before Comm. on Interstate & Foreign Commerce (U.S. House of Representatives, 64th Congr., 2nd Sess.) 404 I have touched and retouched upon the use of the standard article as advertising bait.

2007 A. Tabor & S. Tabor Revival Slim & Beautiful Diet v. 115 I've already covered the importance of walking... I've chosen to retouch on it here to emphasize its importance to your overall health.

4. transitive. To come into contact with again; to touch again with the hand or another part of the body.

ΚΠ

1740 J. Hill Orpheus 10 Turn not again..nor dare to look behind thee Before thy Foot re-touch its native earth.

1847 C. Dickens Dombey & Son (1848) xlvi. 450 Rob the Grinder..vainly touched and retouched his hat to attract attention.

1895 Items of Interest Aug. 468 It [sc. the tongue] will involuntarily seek to retouch the jagged surface till it becomes impossible..to keep the tongue from rewounding itself.

1919 Man. Neuro-surg. (U.S. Army Med. Dept.) ii. 107 The normal individual experiences no difficulty in re-touching the examiner's finger with his eyes closed.

2006 Daily News (N.Y.) (Nexis) 24 June (Sports section) Delgado rounded second base but never retouched it while retreating to first and was ruled out.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	retouch
释义	retouchn. Brit. /(ˌ)riːˈtʌtʃ/, U.S. /riˈtətʃ/ Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: retouch v. Etymology: < retouch v. Compare French retouche alteration, improvement (1507 in Middle French in an isolated attestation; subsequently from mid 18th cent.). Compare also retouching n. 1. A second or further touch added, or an alteration made, to improve a picture, composition, etc.; a touching-up. Cf. retouch v. 2a. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > improvement > [noun] > renewed or further improvement > instance of reimprovement1618 retouch1703 retouching1703 1703 R. Steele Tender Husband iv. i Then so many Touches and Retouches, when the Face is finish'd. 1793 A. Seward Lett. (1811) III. 237 Dr. Vyse received it with these retouches, praised the epitaph, and thanked me. 1843 Civil Engineer & Architect's Jrnl. 6 391/1 Some parts, which it may reasonably be inferred are retouches,..are quite flat and dim. 1878 L. Villari tr. P. Villari Life & Times Machiavelli (1898) I. 157 Those retouches opened the way to new and original creation. 1903 R. Fry Let. 6 Mar. (1972) I. 204 What looks like a retouch above the man's left shoulder turns out on closer inspection to be an original pentimento. 1935 T. S. Wotton Hector Berlioz vi. 131 An extract is given in the Treatise, which affords an excellent example of the constant retouches Berlioz gave to his scores. 1997 E. van de Wetering Rembrandt ii. 41/1 Occasionally a retouch of this kind done by Rembrandt has remained clearly visible. 2. Archaeology. Secondary trimming or shaping applied to a stone implement after initial manufacture; an instance of this. Cf. retouch v. 2c. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > building or constructing with stone > [noun] > other processes raggling1500 rigalding1688 tailing1700 rusticating1749 rustication1766 knobbling1785 boasting1823 wind-pinning1833 stroking1842 garreting1845 hearting1858 knobbing1875 ripple-flaking1883 retouch1885 1885 Jrnl. Anthropol. Inst. Great Brit. & Irel. 14 290 The difficult and perplexing problem as to the cause of the marks of fire and retouches upon the flints caused an animated discussion. 1912 Rec. Canterbury (N.Z.) Museum 13 Dec. 96 Two of these flakes, apparently flint, are important as showing fine steep retouch. 1932 Jrnl. Royal Anthropol. Inst. 62 261 A fair proportion of lunates and other microliths showed a peculiar retouch which was found..only at Shukba. 1996 Nature 28 Mar. 288/2 Both of the artefacts are pointed flakes..and one of them has its edges modified through retouch so that they meet to form a point. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022). retouchv. Brit. /(ˌ)riːˈtʌtʃ/, U.S. /riˈtətʃ/ Origin: Probably formed within English, by derivation; perhaps partly modelled on a French lexical item, and perhaps partly modelled on an Italian lexical item. Etymons: re- prefix, touch v. Etymology: Probably < re- prefix + touch v., perhaps partly after French retoucher to touch (something) again (c1225 in Old French), to improve or correct (a written text) (1663), to touch up (an artwork) (1669), to touch upon or consider (a matter, event) again (1680; 1176–81 in sense ‘to touch (the heart)’) and Italian ritoccare to touch (something) again (1348–53), to touch up (an artwork) (end of the 14th cent.). Compare also Catalan retocar to touch (something) again (1696), Spanish retocar (17th cent.), Portuguese retocar (1608). †1. transitive. To remagnetize by contact with a magnet. Cf. touch v. 9. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > magnetism > magnetize [verb (transitive)] > afresh retouch1635 remagnetize1821 1635 H. Gellibrand Disc. Variation Magneticall Needle 17 I caused the one Needle first touch't by a very good Magnet, to be retouch't by another as good if no better. 1731 Philos. Trans. 1729–30 (Royal Soc.) 36 325 I took off the Armour and bound it to that which was newly touched, and therewith retouched that which I had disarmed. 1817 A. Delano Narr. Voy. & Trav. Northern & Southern Hemispheres xxvii. 560 After a compass has been on board a ship one year it should be retouched with a magnet. 1873 London, Edinb., & Dublin Philos. Mag. 4th Ser. 46 224 A horse-shoe magnet about 4 inches long, consisting of sixteen plates;..these were retouched a few days before they were used. 2. a. transitive. To improve or repair the appearance of (a painting, composition, photographic negative or print, etc.) by small alterations or fresh touches; to touch up. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > improvement > [verb (transitive)] > with slight or fresh touches tickle1567 retoucha1650 to touch up1656 fine-tune1967 society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > painting > paint [verb (transitive)] > retouch retouch1711 a1650 E. Norgate Miniatura (Tanner 326) (1919) 36 To..make it [sc. the face] appeare in the due lustre and Life it should have,..by retouching and revisiting with your strongest shadowes the Eyes, Eyebrowes,..and other shadowie places. 1686 G. Burnet Let. 20 May in Some Lett. (1688) v. 190 I have retoucht the Letter that I writ to you last year, so that I now send it to you with the Corrections and Inlargements. 1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 83. ¶10 One..that was very busie in re-touching the finest Pieces, though he produced no Originals of his own. 1751 S. Johnson Rambler No. 176. ⁋7 When the book has once been dismissed into the world, and can be no more retouched. 1797 T. Holcroft tr. F. L. Stolberg Trav. II. xliv. 109 He has retouched a copy, that was painted by one of his scholars. 1847 C. Brontë Jane Eyre I. xiv. 251 I was myself in my usual Quaker trim, where there was nothing to retouch. 1892 Photogr. Ann. II. 201 The negative to be retouched is prepared [etc.]. 1931 H. Read Meaning of Art ii. 76 A painting has so often been retouched, if not repainted. 1979 N. Farah Sweet & Sour Milk v. 78 There was the photograph of the All-Powerful retouched to make him look much younger and handsomer. 1992 R. Kenan Let Dead bury their Dead vi. 123 Mabel wipes away her tears. Retouches her makeup. b. intransitive. To make small alterations or improvements; to add fresh touches. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > improvement > [verb (intransitive)] > with fresh touches retouch1734 1734 A. Pope Epist. to Arbuthnot 64 Lintot..will think your price too much. ‘Not Sir, if you revise it, and retouch.’ 1757 T. Gray Let. 7 Oct. (1971) II. 533 The difficult part is now got over, nothing remains but to polish, & retouch a little. 1843 Civil Engineer & Architect's Jrnl. 6 391/1 It was the practice to retouch when the fresco was dry. 1870 Pall Mall Gaz. 2 Nov. 11 M. Legros has in no single place permitted himself to scumble or retouch. a1915 R. Brooke Let. in A. Stringer Red Wine of Youth (1948) 204 The modern photographer seems to an old-fashioned person like myself to retouch almost too much. 2009 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 29 Mar. He supported his family by taking portraits of the town's society and well-to-do tourists. But by the mid-1930s he would no longer retouch and his interest..for clients dropped off. c. transitive. Archaeology. To apply secondary trimming or shaping to (a stone implement) after initial manufacture. ΚΠ 1861 Ann. Rep. Board of Regents Smithsonian Inst. 1860 321 A lance-head of silex of the age of stone, which had been re-touched since it was first cut in ancient times. 1911 W. J. Sollas Anc. Hunters viii. 218 A new form of implement came into use. This is a pointed flake, carefully retouched all along the cutting edge. 1951 Notes & Queries Anthropol. (ed. 6) iv. 345 The distinction..between tools flaked on both faces (so-called bifacials) and those flaked or retouched on one side only (unifacials). 2006 P. G. Chase Emergence of Culture 180 Tools made by retouching or reshaping flakes are called flake tools. 3. a. transitive. To touch upon, allude to, or speak of (something) again. Now rare. ΚΠ 1685 D. Wheare Method & Order Reading 3 Why..should I be blam'd for repeating and retouching the same Readings to my New Hearers, who are for the most part now to begin the Study of Histories? 1701 J. Norris Ess. Ideal World I. 397 It may not be unexpedient more expressly to retouch what has been so often insinuated. 1752 C. Avison Ess. Musical Expression 133 The accidental Subjects are..generally repeated, or at least so retouched in the Progress of the Fugue as to render them easily known. 1953 H. Chalmers World Trade Policies p. xiii No attempt has therefore been made to retouch, in the light of subsequent events, the judgments expressed at the time. b. intransitive. With on (also upon). ΚΠ 1708 tr. J. B. Morvan Gen. Hist all Voy. & Trav. xxiv. 277 We cannot forbear retouching a little upon them in this Place. 1772 T. Nugent tr. J. F. de Isla Hist. Friar Gerund II. iv. iv. 90 I think I have now touched and retouched on all the circumstances of the day. 1849 E. Bulwer-Lytton Caxtons ix. lvii, in Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Mar. 300/1 We had never once retouched on the subject of Fanny's marriage, and both of us tacitly avoided even mentioning the Trevanions. 1917 Regulation of Prices: Hearings before Comm. on Interstate & Foreign Commerce (U.S. House of Representatives, 64th Congr., 2nd Sess.) 404 I have touched and retouched upon the use of the standard article as advertising bait. 2007 A. Tabor & S. Tabor Revival Slim & Beautiful Diet v. 115 I've already covered the importance of walking... I've chosen to retouch on it here to emphasize its importance to your overall health. 4. transitive. To come into contact with again; to touch again with the hand or another part of the body. ΚΠ 1740 J. Hill Orpheus 10 Turn not again..nor dare to look behind thee Before thy Foot re-touch its native earth. 1847 C. Dickens Dombey & Son (1848) xlvi. 450 Rob the Grinder..vainly touched and retouched his hat to attract attention. 1895 Items of Interest Aug. 468 It [sc. the tongue] will involuntarily seek to retouch the jagged surface till it becomes impossible..to keep the tongue from rewounding itself. 1919 Man. Neuro-surg. (U.S. Army Med. Dept.) ii. 107 The normal individual experiences no difficulty in re-touching the examiner's finger with his eyes closed. 2006 Daily News (N.Y.) (Nexis) 24 June (Sports section) Delgado rounded second base but never retouched it while retreating to first and was ruled out. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1703v.1635
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