requitaln.

Brit.

/rᵻˈkwʌɪtl/, U.S.

/rəˈkwaɪdl/,

/riˈkwaɪdl/

Forms: see requite v. and -al suffix¹; also 1600s requiteall.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: requite v., -al suffix¹.

Etymology: < requite v. + -al suffix¹. Compare slightly later requitement n., requiting n.

a. A repayment, reward, return.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > behaviour > reciprocal treatment or return of an action > reward or a reward > [noun] > a reward

edlenc888

meedeOE

meedseOE

leanOE

gratitude1535

requital1545

requite1862

bounty1868

1545 T. Elyot Preseruatiue agaynste Deth Pref. sig. A.ii The lyttell boke whyche I sent to you at the begynnynge of lent last passed, a smal requitall of your gentyll benefites, I haue caused nowe to be printed.

a1591 H. Smith Wks. (1867) II. 360 The best requital that we can make for our good cheer.

1613 G. Wither Abuses Stript Epigr. xvi. sig. X8 Your loue doth well deserue to haue Better requitals then are in my power.

1659 R. Boyle Some Motives & Incentives to Love of God 95 All the Duties we can pay our Maker, are lesse properly Requitals than Restitutions.

1690 in J. G. Dunlop Dunlop Papers (1953) III. 68 And if wee doe not continue hes frind it will be sad and a bad requetall.

1732 T. Lediard tr. J. Terrasson Life Sethos II. ix. 285 He fear'd he should have but a poor requital from the king.

1797 G. Baker tr. Livy Hist. Rome I. i. 84 Tarquinius..put them in mind of his father's kindness to them, and demanded a requital of it.

1823 J. Bentham Introd. Princ. Morals & Legisl. (new ed.) I. ii. 24 I will not make so cruel a requital for his honesty, as to put his name in print.

1848 H. H. Wilson Hist. Brit. India 1805–35 III. ix. 559 It might seem to be an ungrateful requital of the unquestioned services of the Company.

1871 R. Ellis tr. Catullus Poems lxv. 9 Ah! no more to address thee, or hear thy kindly requital!

1944 Folk-lore 55 160 Besides the unexpected requitals for good, bad, or indifferent receptions, we have two extra incidents.

1996 L. E. Goodman God of Abraham vi. 178 Saadiah does not deduce infinite requitals from the disproportion of earned to unearned deserts.

b. Return or recompense for a service, kindness, etc.; recompense or reward for effort, action, or exertion on one's behalf; reciprocation of a feeling.In quot. 1639: ability to return a courtesy.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > behaviour > reciprocal treatment or return of an action > [noun] > requital or repayment

payment1389

acquitment1431

acquittala1475

quittal1474

requital1556

repayment1561

requite1561

quittancea1593

repay1753

requit1786

repayal1829

the world > action or operation > behaviour > reciprocal treatment or return of an action > reward or a reward > [noun]

shipec1000

rightOE

yielda1200

hire?c1225

foryieldinga1300

tithinga1300

rentc1300

lowera1325

guerdon?a1366

recompensationa1382

retributionc1384

reward?1387

reguerdona1393

rewardon?a1400

mercimonyc1400

pensionc1400

remunerationc1400

recompensec1425

wardonc1480

salary1484

premiationa1513

requital1556

repayment1561

requite1561

renumeration1572

remisea1578

lieu1592

reguerdonment1599

gratulation1611

muneration1611

requit1786

1556 J. Ponet Shorte Treat. Politike Power sig. Iiiij ^v Bending his disposicion to make thankefull requital of parte of his receaued benefites.

1579 G. Harvey Let.-bk. (1884) 62 To minister superabundant matter of sufficient requitall.

1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis i. 16 First begin a freendshippe, for he wyl make fullye requital.

1639 T. Fuller Hist. Holy Warre iii. i. 109 So unwelcome are courtesies to them when above their requitall.

1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan i. xi. 48 To receive benefits..as long as there is hope of requital, disposeth to love.

1708 T. Marsden Let. in J. Brockbank Diary & Let. Bk. (1930) 361 All y^e requitall I shall make for y^e Severall gifts is to tell You y^e You have been and are very dear to me.

1752 F. Gentleman Sejanus ii. i. 13 But that fairest Livia, bears a Part In the requital of thy Faith and Care, I should despair of having Means or Pow'r, To make thy Friendship ample Recompence.

1815 W. H. Ireland Scribbleomania 175 Whose bold perseverance at length reap'd requital.

1852 N. Hawthorne Blithedale Romance vii. 61 Priscilla found but scanty requital for her love.

a1871 G. Grote Fragm. Ethical Subj. (1876) i. 11 Such and such behaviour [is] to be rendered on his part, such and such sentiments to be manifested as requital on theirs.

1938 M. A. Power Poets at Prayer i. v. 63 To love God for His beauty, without hope of requital,..is man's prerogative.

2002 San Francisco Chron. (Nexis) 15 Dec. (Sunday Review) 1 One of the oldest stories around: the requital of long-cherished love.

a. An act of retaliation or vengeance.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > behaviour > reciprocal treatment or return of an action > revenge > [noun]

wrakec825

wrackc900

wrechec1175

yielda1200

wrakedomc1275

vengeancea1300

vengement1338

awreaking1340

rewardc1350

revengeancec1480

wratha1500

avengementa1513

revengementa1513

revengea1525

avengeance1535

avenge1568

requital1569

ultion1575

venge1587

wreck1591

revanche1615

vindict1639

payback1973

1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 1353 A dishonor wherwith this realme shall be blotted, vntyll God shall geue power to redubbe it with some like requitall to the French.

1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis ii. 38 Doubting thee Troians blooddye reuengment, And also fearing thee Greekish fyrie requital [L. poenam].

1713 Examiner No. 7 They need no other Requital than what that Party they espouse will inflict on them.

1777 J. Williams Rise, Progress, & Present State Northern Governments II. iv. i. 36 They were just requitals for crimes actually committed.

1828 W. Carr Dial. Craven (ed. 2) (at cited word) ‘Tint for tant’, a requital, similar to tit for tat.

1898 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Mar. 430/1 Even when they ask for bread they hint at requitals in lead.

1912 Jewish Q. Rev. 2 419 A great body of Jews, for fear of Chaldean requitals in consequence of the murder of Gedeliah, left Palestine for Egypt.

2005 L. Lockett in K. O'Brien O'Keeffe & A. Orchard Lat. Learning & Eng. Lore I. 377 The memory of past hostilities and the anticipation of future requitals.

b. Retribution or reparation for an injury, injustice, etc.; retaliation, revenge.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > behaviour > reciprocal treatment or return of an action > revenge > [noun] > retaliation or retribution

yieldinga1340

talion1412

retributiona1425

recompensec1425

recompensationa1513

requitement1548

retaliation1581

lex talionis1597

requital1597

retaling1597

taliationa1601

law of retalion1607

talio1611

retail1615

retorsion1637

repercussion1641

retributing1645

reddition1656

retortion1762

poetical justice1796

utu1828

retort1836

quits1865

poetic justice1991

1597 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie v. xxxii. 68 If..we should take the quarell of sermons in hand and reuenge their cause by requitall.

a1602 W. Perkins Cases of Consc. (1619) 200 Men are content to lay aside all hatred and requitall of euill.

1661 Princess Cloria iv. 488 He hath by a most remarkable act of requital put down that power, which first took upon it so strange an authority over their King and Nobility.

1746 Hist. Man II. lxxx. 142 He was much afraid that the president would remember the differences that had formerly been between them, and stick hard upon him by way of requital.

1836 C. Dickens Pickwick Papers (1837) xxi. 223 My first act of requital you well remember: this is my last.

1871 R. Ellis tr. Catullus Poems lxiv. 203 Words which on iron deeds did sue for deadly requital.

1902 Atlantic Reporter 50 846/2 The individual can get requital for the injury done him..through a civil suit.

1992 J. M. Kelly Short Hist. Western Legal Theory vi. 238 Punishment ought not to be inflicted by the victim of crime by way of personal requital.

1993 V. Milan From Depths xiv. 177 Do you not hear the planet itself crying out for requital?

3. Compensation; an instance of this. With for. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > relationship > equality or equivalence > [noun] > compensation

compensation1387

countervailment1594

supererogating1617

equation1666

compensating1668

upmaking1669

requital1885

weightage1906

1885 Manch. Weekly Times 7 Feb. 5/5 The common sense which, in requital for the want of more showy qualities, we may claim as the attribute of Englishmen.

1928 Times 21 July 13/3 There..remains the question of compensation... It will be a difficult matter to make an ample requital for such a large slice of a man's life.

Phrases

in (also †for) requital (of, for).

a. In recompense (for), in return (for).

ΚΠ

1573 G. Gascoigne Disc. Aduentures Master F. I. in Hundreth Sundrie Flowres 228 I thinke my selfe so much bound vnto you for diuers respects, as if abilitie doe not fayle mee, you shall fynde mee myndfull in requitall of the same.

1590 R. Greene Neuer too Late i. 43 Ready for requitall of such gratious countenaunce to vnsheath my sworde.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Two Gentlemen of Verona (1623) i. i. 139 In requital whereof, henceforth, carry your letters your selfe.

1627 R. Sanderson Ten Serm. 59 Giving such constructions to Gods Truth, as will for requital, give largest allowance to their practices.

1697 J. Potter Archæologiæ Græcæ I. i. v. 22 In requital of all his former Kindnesses, they basely deserted him.

1709 R. Steele Tatler No. 132 In Requital for his Kindness,..I took the best Occasion I could, to put him upon telling us the Story of old Gantlett.

1777 S. Johnson Let. 26 June (1992) III. 33 In requital of those well-intended offices which you are pleased so emphatically to acknowledge.

1817 J. Mill Hist. Brit. India II. iv. v. 172 Requesting a sum of money..and offering in requital to withdraw from the province.

1839 T. Carlyle Chartism iv. 24 There is not a horse willing to work but can get food and shelter in requital.

1886 R. F. Burton tr. Arabian Nights' Entertainm. VI. dlv. 46 I have no ready money, but take this from me in requital of thy kindness and good offices.

1905 Times 23 Jan. 6/3 The United States, in requital of these friendly services, may accept Samana Bay as a coaling station.

1985 Bull. School Oriental & Afr. Stud. 48 462 The reference might be to a ruling which will be better for men in terms of the reward they might reasonably expect in the Hereafter, in requital of their performing a more arduous obligation.

b. In revenge (for), by way of retaliation (for).

ΚΠ

1588 A. Munday tr. Palmerin D'Oliua i. viii. f.19^v What satisfaction maie your Florendos liue to make, in requitall of this iniurie?

1641 J. Milton Animadversions 6 Remember how they mangle our Brittish names abroad; what trespasse were it, if wee in requitall should as much neglect theirs?

1709 Scrinia Reclusa ii. 123 Finding he had rivetted himself in the King's Favour, he watch'd all Opportunities to put the Cardinal out of it, in Requital of the Injury he design'd him, in being a Bar to his Preferment.

1796 Freemason's Mag. Jan. 26 It was determined that eight of them should be hanged, in requital for a like sentence that had been made by Albert, the Archduke, upon some Hollanders.

1830 W. Scott Ivanhoe in Waverley Novels XVII. 170 In requital,..he returned the box on the ear with such interest as to kill his antagonist on the spot.

1870 F. W. Farrar Families of Speech iii. 144 In requital it may be for many injuries.

1885 Manch. Examiner 30 Mar. 5/1 In requital of that shameful act of perfidy.

1924 H. W. Smyth Aeschylean Trag. i. 23 The Daughters of the Sun bewail the fate of their brother,..who for one day drove the chariot of his sire and in requital for his audacity was blasted by the thunderbolt.

2002 A. H. Rasmussen in K. Ascani et al. Anc. Hist. Matters 160/1 It seemed that his death was an act of Divine Providence in requital for his offences against the goddess and her priest.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	requital
释义	requitaln. Brit. /rᵻˈkwʌɪtl/, U.S. /rəˈkwaɪdl/, /riˈkwaɪdl/ Forms: see requite v. and -al suffix¹; also 1600s requiteall. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: requite v., -al suffix¹. Etymology: < requite v. + -al suffix¹. Compare slightly later requitement n., requiting n. 1. a. A repayment, reward, return. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > reciprocal treatment or return of an action > reward or a reward > [noun] > a reward edlenc888 meedeOE meedseOE leanOE gratitude1535 requital1545 requite1862 bounty1868 1545 T. Elyot Preseruatiue agaynste Deth Pref. sig. A.ii The lyttell boke whyche I sent to you at the begynnynge of lent last passed, a smal requitall of your gentyll benefites, I haue caused nowe to be printed. a1591 H. Smith Wks. (1867) II. 360 The best requital that we can make for our good cheer. 1613 G. Wither Abuses Stript Epigr. xvi. sig. X8 Your loue doth well deserue to haue Better requitals then are in my power. 1659 R. Boyle Some Motives & Incentives to Love of God 95 All the Duties we can pay our Maker, are lesse properly Requitals than Restitutions. 1690 in J. G. Dunlop Dunlop Papers (1953) III. 68 And if wee doe not continue hes frind it will be sad and a bad requetall. 1732 T. Lediard tr. J. Terrasson Life Sethos II. ix. 285 He fear'd he should have but a poor requital from the king. 1797 G. Baker tr. Livy Hist. Rome I. i. 84 Tarquinius..put them in mind of his father's kindness to them, and demanded a requital of it. 1823 J. Bentham Introd. Princ. Morals & Legisl. (new ed.) I. ii. 24 I will not make so cruel a requital for his honesty, as to put his name in print. 1848 H. H. Wilson Hist. Brit. India 1805–35 III. ix. 559 It might seem to be an ungrateful requital of the unquestioned services of the Company. 1871 R. Ellis tr. Catullus Poems lxv. 9 Ah! no more to address thee, or hear thy kindly requital! 1944 Folk-lore 55 160 Besides the unexpected requitals for good, bad, or indifferent receptions, we have two extra incidents. 1996 L. E. Goodman God of Abraham vi. 178 Saadiah does not deduce infinite requitals from the disproportion of earned to unearned deserts. b. Return or recompense for a service, kindness, etc.; recompense or reward for effort, action, or exertion on one's behalf; reciprocation of a feeling.In quot. 1639: ability to return a courtesy. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > reciprocal treatment or return of an action > [noun] > requital or repayment payment1389 acquitment1431 acquittala1475 quittal1474 requital1556 repayment1561 requite1561 quittancea1593 repay1753 requit1786 repayal1829 the world > action or operation > behaviour > reciprocal treatment or return of an action > reward or a reward > [noun] shipec1000 rightOE yielda1200 hire?c1225 foryieldinga1300 tithinga1300 rentc1300 lowera1325 guerdon?a1366 recompensationa1382 retributionc1384 reward?1387 reguerdona1393 rewardon?a1400 mercimonyc1400 pensionc1400 remunerationc1400 recompensec1425 wardonc1480 salary1484 premiationa1513 requital1556 repayment1561 requite1561 renumeration1572 remisea1578 lieu1592 reguerdonment1599 gratulation1611 muneration1611 requit1786 1556 J. Ponet Shorte Treat. Politike Power sig. Iiiij ^v Bending his disposicion to make thankefull requital of parte of his receaued benefites. 1579 G. Harvey Let.-bk. (1884) 62 To minister superabundant matter of sufficient requitall. 1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis i. 16 First begin a freendshippe, for he wyl make fullye requital. 1639 T. Fuller Hist. Holy Warre iii. i. 109 So unwelcome are courtesies to them when above their requitall. 1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan i. xi. 48 To receive benefits..as long as there is hope of requital, disposeth to love. 1708 T. Marsden Let. in J. Brockbank Diary & Let. Bk. (1930) 361 All y^e requitall I shall make for y^e Severall gifts is to tell You y^e You have been and are very dear to me. 1752 F. Gentleman Sejanus ii. i. 13 But that fairest Livia, bears a Part In the requital of thy Faith and Care, I should despair of having Means or Pow'r, To make thy Friendship ample Recompence. 1815 W. H. Ireland Scribbleomania 175 Whose bold perseverance at length reap'd requital. 1852 N. Hawthorne Blithedale Romance vii. 61 Priscilla found but scanty requital for her love. a1871 G. Grote Fragm. Ethical Subj. (1876) i. 11 Such and such behaviour [is] to be rendered on his part, such and such sentiments to be manifested as requital on theirs. 1938 M. A. Power Poets at Prayer i. v. 63 To love God for His beauty, without hope of requital,..is man's prerogative. 2002 San Francisco Chron. (Nexis) 15 Dec. (Sunday Review) 1 One of the oldest stories around: the requital of long-cherished love. 2. a. An act of retaliation or vengeance. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > reciprocal treatment or return of an action > revenge > [noun] wrakec825 wrackc900 wrechec1175 yielda1200 wrakedomc1275 vengeancea1300 vengement1338 awreaking1340 rewardc1350 revengeancec1480 wratha1500 avengementa1513 revengementa1513 revengea1525 avengeance1535 avenge1568 requital1569 ultion1575 venge1587 wreck1591 revanche1615 vindict1639 payback1973 1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 1353 A dishonor wherwith this realme shall be blotted, vntyll God shall geue power to redubbe it with some like requitall to the French. 1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis ii. 38 Doubting thee Troians blooddye reuengment, And also fearing thee Greekish fyrie requital [L. poenam]. 1713 Examiner No. 7 They need no other Requital than what that Party they espouse will inflict on them. 1777 J. Williams Rise, Progress, & Present State Northern Governments II. iv. i. 36 They were just requitals for crimes actually committed. 1828 W. Carr Dial. Craven (ed. 2) (at cited word) ‘Tint for tant’, a requital, similar to tit for tat. 1898 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Mar. 430/1 Even when they ask for bread they hint at requitals in lead. 1912 Jewish Q. Rev. 2 419 A great body of Jews, for fear of Chaldean requitals in consequence of the murder of Gedeliah, left Palestine for Egypt. 2005 L. Lockett in K. O'Brien O'Keeffe & A. Orchard Lat. Learning & Eng. Lore I. 377 The memory of past hostilities and the anticipation of future requitals. b. Retribution or reparation for an injury, injustice, etc.; retaliation, revenge. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > reciprocal treatment or return of an action > revenge > [noun] > retaliation or retribution yieldinga1340 talion1412 retributiona1425 recompensec1425 recompensationa1513 requitement1548 retaliation1581 lex talionis1597 requital1597 retaling1597 taliationa1601 law of retalion1607 talio1611 retail1615 retorsion1637 repercussion1641 retributing1645 reddition1656 retortion1762 poetical justice1796 utu1828 retort1836 quits1865 poetic justice1991 1597 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie v. xxxii. 68 If..we should take the quarell of sermons in hand and reuenge their cause by requitall. a1602 W. Perkins Cases of Consc. (1619) 200 Men are content to lay aside all hatred and requitall of euill. 1661 Princess Cloria iv. 488 He hath by a most remarkable act of requital put down that power, which first took upon it so strange an authority over their King and Nobility. 1746 Hist. Man II. lxxx. 142 He was much afraid that the president would remember the differences that had formerly been between them, and stick hard upon him by way of requital. 1836 C. Dickens Pickwick Papers (1837) xxi. 223 My first act of requital you well remember: this is my last. 1871 R. Ellis tr. Catullus Poems lxiv. 203 Words which on iron deeds did sue for deadly requital. 1902 Atlantic Reporter 50 846/2 The individual can get requital for the injury done him..through a civil suit. 1992 J. M. Kelly Short Hist. Western Legal Theory vi. 238 Punishment ought not to be inflicted by the victim of crime by way of personal requital. 1993 V. Milan From Depths xiv. 177 Do you not hear the planet itself crying out for requital? 3. Compensation; an instance of this. With for. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > equality or equivalence > [noun] > compensation compensation1387 countervailment1594 supererogating1617 equation1666 compensating1668 upmaking1669 requital1885 weightage1906 1885 Manch. Weekly Times 7 Feb. 5/5 The common sense which, in requital for the want of more showy qualities, we may claim as the attribute of Englishmen. 1928 Times 21 July 13/3 There..remains the question of compensation... It will be a difficult matter to make an ample requital for such a large slice of a man's life. Phrases in (also †for) requital (of, for). a. In recompense (for), in return (for). ΚΠ 1573 G. Gascoigne Disc. Aduentures Master F. I. in Hundreth Sundrie Flowres 228 I thinke my selfe so much bound vnto you for diuers respects, as if abilitie doe not fayle mee, you shall fynde mee myndfull in requitall of the same. 1590 R. Greene Neuer too Late i. 43 Ready for requitall of such gratious countenaunce to vnsheath my sworde. a1616 W. Shakespeare Two Gentlemen of Verona (1623) i. i. 139 In requital whereof, henceforth, carry your letters your selfe. View more context for this quotation 1627 R. Sanderson Ten Serm. 59 Giving such constructions to Gods Truth, as will for requital, give largest allowance to their practices. 1697 J. Potter Archæologiæ Græcæ I. i. v. 22 In requital of all his former Kindnesses, they basely deserted him. 1709 R. Steele Tatler No. 132 In Requital for his Kindness,..I took the best Occasion I could, to put him upon telling us the Story of old Gantlett. 1777 S. Johnson Let. 26 June (1992) III. 33 In requital of those well-intended offices which you are pleased so emphatically to acknowledge. 1817 J. Mill Hist. Brit. India II. iv. v. 172 Requesting a sum of money..and offering in requital to withdraw from the province. 1839 T. Carlyle Chartism iv. 24 There is not a horse willing to work but can get food and shelter in requital. 1886 R. F. Burton tr. Arabian Nights' Entertainm. VI. dlv. 46 I have no ready money, but take this from me in requital of thy kindness and good offices. 1905 Times 23 Jan. 6/3 The United States, in requital of these friendly services, may accept Samana Bay as a coaling station. 1985 Bull. School Oriental & Afr. Stud. 48 462 The reference might be to a ruling which will be better for men in terms of the reward they might reasonably expect in the Hereafter, in requital of their performing a more arduous obligation. b. In revenge (for), by way of retaliation (for). ΚΠ 1588 A. Munday tr. Palmerin D'Oliua i. viii. f.19^v What satisfaction maie your Florendos liue to make, in requitall of this iniurie? 1641 J. Milton Animadversions 6 Remember how they mangle our Brittish names abroad; what trespasse were it, if wee in requitall should as much neglect theirs? 1709 Scrinia Reclusa ii. 123 Finding he had rivetted himself in the King's Favour, he watch'd all Opportunities to put the Cardinal out of it, in Requital of the Injury he design'd him, in being a Bar to his Preferment. 1796 Freemason's Mag. Jan. 26 It was determined that eight of them should be hanged, in requital for a like sentence that had been made by Albert, the Archduke, upon some Hollanders. 1830 W. Scott Ivanhoe in Waverley Novels XVII. 170 In requital,..he returned the box on the ear with such interest as to kill his antagonist on the spot. 1870 F. W. Farrar Families of Speech iii. 144 In requital it may be for many injuries. 1885 Manch. Examiner 30 Mar. 5/1 In requital of that shameful act of perfidy. 1924 H. W. Smyth Aeschylean Trag. i. 23 The Daughters of the Sun bewail the fate of their brother,..who for one day drove the chariot of his sire and in requital for his audacity was blasted by the thunderbolt. 2002 A. H. Rasmussen in K. Ascani et al. Anc. Hist. Matters 160/1 It seemed that his death was an act of Divine Providence in requital for his offences against the goddess and her priest. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1545
随便看	quill bark quill boy quill case quill cleaner quill dealer quill drive quill employment quill end quill feather quill float quill gnat quill gun quill machine quill man quill merchant quill nib quill pen quill pig quill plectrum quill shaft quill tool quill toothpick quill wheel quill winder quill-barrel