republicanadj.n.
/rᵻˈpʌblᵻk(ə)n/, U.S. /rəˈpəblək(ə)n/, /riˈpəblək(ə)n/ A. adj.† 2. That belongs to the commonwealth or community. Obsolete. rare.
1.
a. Of a person or party: favouring, supporting, or advocating the republic as a form of state or government.
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society > authority > rule or government > politics > political philosophy > principles of or attachment to types of government > [adjective] > supporting republicanism
republican1653
republical1656
republicarian1682
1653 T. Brachet Victory of Truth 8 This Republican Parliament..hath not thought any occasion more favourable to their design, than to act the Puritan, that they might come to the execution of their desires.
1695 R. Ferguson Whether Parl. Dissolved 12 Monarchical Men, have suffered themselves to be wheedled by the Republican Whigs, into a Conspiracy and Co-operation with them for the destruction of Regal Government.
1740 ‘T. Hogg’ Devil in Swine 16 Those well-meaning, deluded Gentlemen, who constantly attended upon these Republican Swine, and generously fed those of Them that wanted cramming.
1793 S. Horsley Serm. 30 Jan. 13 (note) It has been a great point with Republican Divines to explain away the force of this text [sc. Romans 13:1].
1848 W. K. Kelly tr. L. Blanc Hist. Ten Years I. 411 The leaders of the republican party did not share the mistake.
1873 Contemp. Rev. Nov. 965 It is not that the French people are already Republican by nature, by instinct, or by education.
1928 tr. B. Mussolini in H. W. Schneider Making Fascist State ii. 58 We have neither republican nor monarchist principles.
1977 Times 15 Mar. 18/3 The man who threw a republican placard at the Queen yesterday walked free today despite refusing to pay a fine.
1997 Australian (Nexis) 19 Dec. 2 As republican candidates dominate the polling and are likely to form a significant majority at the convention, monarchists could be isolated from the debate.
b. Of, belonging to, or characteristic of a republic; having the form or constitution of a republic.
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society > authority > rule or government > a or the system of government > government by the people or their delegates > [adjective] > republican
republic1630
republican1661
1661 Notes upon J. Howell in R. L'Estrange Modest Plea sig. B3 In the tender of his Republican Model to the Keepers of the Liberties; he treats the mighty men in a stile of Reverence and Honour.
1712 J. Addison Spectator No. 269. ¶10 To vent among them some of his Republican Doctrines.
1771 ‘Junius’ Stat Nominis Umbra (1772) II. lix. 266 I would have the manners of the people purely and strictly republican.
1800 Monthly Mag. Jan. 1062/2 Boulay maintains, that no nation was better calculated for a republican regimen than the English.
1844 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece VIII. 463 The change from republican to monarchical institutions was in general beneficial to the provinces.
1863 M. Howitt tr. F. Bremer Greece & Greeks II. xv. 117 There prevails..a republican equality and disorder, which the republican American would be extremely astonished at.
1900 Congress. Rec. 31 Jan. 1363/1 The right of public discussion..[is] an absolutely essential force to the preservation and protection of this grand republican form of government of ours.
1946 K. Loewenstein Polit. Reconstruction i. ii. 18 A republican constitution is one that is founded on the liberty of the members of the society as men.
1997 Australian (Nexis) 12 Nov. 15 Claims that Australia cannot change to this republican model without risking its democracy or threatening a dictatorship are insulting and nonsense.
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the mind > possession > owning > [adjective] > owned by the community
commonc1325
republican1691
communal1883
1691 Humble Addr. Publicans in Andros Tracts (1869) II. 234 The Agents..brought back word, That the People of New-England were possest of great quantities of Republican Money.
3. Now usually with capital initial.
a. U.S. Politics.
(a) Of or relating to a conservative political party in Pennsylvania in the late 18th cent. Now historical.The Republicans advocated repeal of the Pennsylvania state constitution, which they regarded as radical. They were opposed to the Constitutionalists. Their conflict ended with the drafting of a new compromise state constitution in 1790.
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society > authority > rule or government > politics > American politics > [adjective] > other parties
republican1785
federalist1795
republican1800
National Republican1831
Native American1835
free soil1845
know-nothing1853
1785 Pennsylvania Gaz. 5 Jan. I know there are some who are idle enough to think, if their two-fifths were added to the republican party (who basely abet them) that then our majoritynesses would become the minority, and that we ourselves might be bustled out of the state.
1788 Pennsylvania Gaz. 9 Jan. 3/2 It is the duty of the antifoederalists, in a particular manner in Pennsylvania, to learn wisdom from the conduct of the republican party.
a1821 C. Biddle Autobiogr. (1883) iv. 244 General St. Clair was the Republican candidate, and General Miffin, the Constitutionalist.
1857 F. Moore Amer. Eloquence I. 66 Mr. Wilson was one of the leaders of the republican party, and through the artful designs of his opponents in the constitutional party, he had become particularly obnoxious.
1976 M. Jensen & R. A. Becker Documentary Hist. First Federal Elections I. iv. 232 The Republican majority at once began drafting an election law calling for the statewide election of Representatives.
1991 C. Bonwick Amer. Revol. (1998) vi. 153 In March 1779 they formed a Republican Society with the prime object of securing revision of the obnoxious Constitution.
(b) Of or relating to the Democratic Republican Party founded by Thomas Jefferson and James Madison in the 1790s to oppose the policies of the Federalist Party (see federalist adj. 2). Now historical.This was the dominant political party in the United States from 1800 to 1824, after which it split into factions, one of which became the modern Democratic Party (see democratic adj. and n. Compounds). See also National Republican n.
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society > authority > rule or government > politics > American politics > [adjective] > other parties
republican1785
federalist1795
republican1800
National Republican1831
Native American1835
free soil1845
know-nothing1853
1800 J. Monroe Let. 15 May in T. H. Benton Thirty Years' View (1854) I. 354/1 The fair prospect of the republican party may be overcast.
1839 J. C. Calhoun Wks. III. 391 He [sc. Hamilton] is the..impersonation of the national or Federal School..as Jefferson is of the State Rights Republican School.
1847 J. K. Polk Diary 19 Jan. (1929) 187 He had been in favour of Mr. Crawford as the nominee in caucus of the Republican party.
1917 E. Channing Hist. U.S. IV. viii. 215 Thomas Jefferson was the soul of the Republican party and its recognized head.
2008 M. P. Harrington Jay & Ellsworth i. 28 The passage of the Sedition Act gave credence to Republican charges that Federalists were planning to subvert democracy.
(c) Of or relating to the modern Republican Party (see Republican Party n. at Compounds 1), its principles, policies, etc.
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society > authority > rule or government > politics > American politics > [adjective] > favouring specific principles or policies
federal1787
anti-federal1788
rep1812
dough-faced1820
republican1854
hunkerish1857
unreconstructed1865
reservationist1919
America First1925
McCarthyite1952
society > authority > rule or government > politics > American politics > [adjective] > Republican Party
republican1854
Grand Old Party1874
1854 A. E. Bovay Let. 26 Feb. in F. Curtis Republican Party (1904) I. vi. 177 Urge them..to band together under the name I suggested to you at Lovejoy's Hotel in 1852. I mean the name ‘Republican’.
1856 Porter's Spirit of Times 4 Oct. 71/1 New Jersey..[was] discovered by the late Republican Convention, in their explorations for a candidate for Vice President.
1905 Baltimore Amer. 7 Mar. 4/1 Republican Senators..cannot find desks on the Republican side, as there are more Republicans in the Senate than there are desks for Republican Senators.
1976 Columbus (Montana) News 1 July 6/3 Charles Eckels attended the Republican Convention in Helena last week as chairman from this District.
2007 N.Y. Mag. 10 Dec. 20/1 This is inspired by a 72-year-old obstetrician turned Republican congressman known as the ‘Dr. No’ of Capitol Hill.
b. Of or relating to any political party of this name outside the United States.
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society > authority > rule or government > politics > party politics > a party > [adjective] > types of party generally
patrician1813
national1828
progressive1830
progressist1843
conservative1845
republican1873
nationalist1884
mobilist1966
green1973
1873 J. J. Roberts Let. 11 Feb. in Afr. Repository July 214 I have before me your letter of the 5th inst., communicating ‘that at the National Convention of the Constitutional Republican Party..I was unanimously renominated as a candidate for the Presidency of the Republic of Liberia’.
1911 Amer. Polit. Sci. Rev. 5 220 For some time the Republican party has ceased to exist in Liberian politics.
1958 Listener 27 Nov. 865/1 One [new French party] is the Republican Centre.
1980 S. J. Burki Pakistan under Bhutto ii. 22 The formation of the landlord-dominated Republican Party.
2003 Daily Tel. (Nexis) 28 June 17 A young Afghan who heads the Republican Party of Afghanistan.
4. Also with capital initial. Advocating, relating to, or characteristic of republicanism in Ireland (see republicanism n. 3).
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1822 Hist. Notices Several Rebellions 29 Conveying the Dublin United Irishmen's Resolutions and Declarations to a republican friend in Belfast, Tone says, ‘My unalterable opinion is, that the bane of Irish prosperity is in the influence of England’.
1879 Nation 5 Apr. 2/1 Wolfe Tone and his United Irishmen, under the cover of seeking Parliamentary reform, were engaged in an active and successful republican propaganda.
1917 Times 28 Nov. 3/2 Four masked men carrying revolvers entered and demanded the rifle. They stated that they were soldiers of the Irish Republican Army.
1928 Irish Independent 18 Apr. 11/5 There were various Republican organisations in the country who believed they were working for independence, and they of the Old I.R.A. were ready and willing to extend to them the hand of friendship.
1988 Leitrim (Ireland) Observer 17 Dec. 10/1 [His] adult life is a history of the republican struggle for all of that period since he first joined the IRA at the age of 18.
1991 Economist 23 Nov. 41/2 Intermittent killings by Republican gunmen are increasingly mirrored by Protestant outrages.
2007 Irish Times (Nexis) 24 Oct. 10 Traditionally, West Limerick was a strongly republican area, so Sinn Féin will, no doubt, be happy.
B. n.† 2. A person attached to the interests of the commonwealth or community. Obsolete. rare.† 5. = republican weaver n. at Compounds 2. Obsolete. rare.† 6. U.S. A tree root that projects from the ground. Obsolete. rare.
1.
a. An advocate or supporter of a republican form of government. Cf. slightly earlier anti-republican n.red republican: see the first element.
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society > authority > rule or government > politics > political philosophy > principles of or attachment to types of government > [noun] > republicanism > adherent of
republican1657
republicarian1666
commonwealth man1680
rouge1849
red1851
monarchomach1904
1657 J. Beale Herefordshire Orchards 39 I must cease to name men, since in every village there is some excellent republican.
1697 J. Vanbrugh Relapse Epil. 106 I'm very pasitive, you never saw A through Republican a finisht Beau.
1705 J. Addison Remarks Italy 405 Such a Chimerical Happiness is not peculiar to Republicans.
1771 tr. J. G. Zimmermann Ess. National Pride xv. 224 A republican is he whose predominant principal is the love of freedom, of his country, of the law, and a detestation of despotism.
1776 L. Carter Diary 3 May (1965) II. 1033 It was..A mere cookery among the Congress Republicans.
1829 E. Bulwer-Lytton Disowned I. xiv. 228 His evident attention flattered the fierce republican.
1876 J. Ruskin Fors Clavigera VI. lxiii. 92 I hate republicans, as I do all other manner of fools.
1919 Century Mar. 659/1 Those who favored the continuance of the republic made every effort to defeat the monarchists and to have republicans elected in their places.
2002 B. Hoey Her Majesty xvii. 261 The argument of would-be republicans is often based on the cost of the monarchy as opposed to a presidency.
b. figurative. A member of the literary community; an author. Frequently in republican of letters (cf. the republic of letters at republic n. 3b). Now rare.
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1816 I. D'Israeli Inquiry Lit. & Polit. Char. James I 3 His other brothers, the republicans of literature, want a heart to admire the man.
1894 A. Lynch Our Poets! 5 E'en though these Republicans of Letters Be stuck on high, just like their ancient ‘betters’.
2002 L. W. B. Brockliss Calvet's Web 19 His biography as a republican of letters can stand as a figure for the lives of thousands of other members of the Republic of Letters across the continent.
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society > society and the community > social attitudes > public-spiritedness > [noun] > person
commonwealth man1556
commonweal man1587
wealsmana1616
republican1691
national1766
1691 Humble Addr. Publicans in Andros Tracts (1869) II. 233 A Place where there still dwelt..some Men of Conscience, and shrewdly suspected to be Republicans.
3. U.S. Politics. Now usually with capital initial.
a. A member of a political party in Pennsylvania advocating repeal of the state constitution, and opposed to the Constitutionalists. Cf. sense A. 3a(a). Now historical.
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society > authority > rule or government > politics > American politics > [noun] > other parties
Liberty Party1705
republican1782
republican1799
prohibition party1855
Greenback party1875
Christian Right1947
religious right1973
1782 J. Adams Diary 26 Dec. (1961) III. 100 Vaughan has a Brother in Philadelphia, who has written him a long Letter about the Constitutionalists and the Republicans.
a1821 C. Biddle Autobiogr. (1883) iii. 195 I found Council nearly divided between what were then called Republicans and Constitutionalists.
1891 C. J. Stillé Life & Times John Dickinson vi. 228 Mr. Dickinson was, of course, an anti-Constitutionalist, or Republican, as the party in favor of revision was then called.
1909 Polit. Sci. Q. 24 235 The Republicans were usually successful whenever the financial issue was emphasized.
1949 Pennsylvania Hist. Apr. 128 In 1800..the Republicans overthrew the Federalists and took control in Pennsylvania.
1991 C. Bonwick Amer. Revol. (1998) v. 130 The Republicans were mostly conservative and their numbers were dominated by Anglican Whigs from the eastern counties.
b. A member of the Democratic Republican Party. Cf. sense A. 3a(b). Now historical.
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society > authority > rule or government > politics > American politics > [noun] > other parties
Liberty Party1705
republican1782
republican1799
prohibition party1855
Greenback party1875
Christian Right1947
religious right1973
1799 G. Washington Let. 5 May in Writings (1836) XI. 425 We are sure there will be none on the part of the Republicans, as they have very erroneously called themselves.
1808 J. Adams Wks. (1854) IX. 602 The federal administration lasted twelve years. The republicans..have ruled eight years.
1895 F. A. Walker Making of Nation viii. 151 The Alien and Sedition Laws..aroused the most intense opposition on the part of the Republicans.
1948 Chicago Tribune 29 Feb. i. 24/5 The republicans prevailed in the main, and were finally triumphant upon the adoption of the Bill of Rights.
2006 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 17 Dec. vii. 12/1 Its foreign and domestic politics were continually intertwined, from the first conflict between Jeffersonian Republicans and Hamiltonian Federalists.
c. A member of the modern Republican party formed in 1854. Cf. Republican Party n. at Compounds 1.Rockefeller Republican: see the first element.
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society > authority > rule or government > politics > American politics > [noun] > Republican Party > member or adherent of
rail-splitter1853
republican1854
1854 Ohio State Jrnl. 11 July 2 In opposition to the Slave Democracy of the free States, this new combination of true Republicans is bound to sweep all before them.
1892 Pall Mall Gaz. 14 Nov. 6/2 The United States Senate, after March 4, will be composed of forty-four Democrats, forty Republicans, and four Populists.
1920 Times 7 Feb. 12/1 Many of them have resented the President's attacks upon the Republicans as pigmy-minded partisans.
1956 Life 2 Apr. 19/2 Along with all Republicans, I too rejoice that President Eisenhower has decided to run again.
2008 Vanity Fair (N.Y.) July 127/2 If you ask any Republican about Reagan they will say he still makes the sun rise in the morning.
4. Also with capital initial. An advocate or supporter of complete Irish independence from Great Britain; an opponent of British rule or control in Ireland. See republicanism n. 3. Opposed to loyalist n.
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1794 Times 5 Aug. 2/3 The knot of Republicans in Ireland, known by the appellation of United Irishmen, appears to be broken.
1887 W. E. H. Lecky Hist. Eng. 18th Cent. VI. xxv. 540 Wolfe Tone, the founder of the United Irishmen, and one of the most active republicans in Ireland.
1929 Amer. Polit. Sci. Rev. 23 501 The advent of the Republicans in the Dáil will pave the way toward an eventual reconciliation of Ulster and the Free State.
1949 Times 29 Aug. 4/3 The Northern Ireland Government has made drastic cuts in the regulations which they made..to deal with disturbances engendered by the Republicans and Anti-Partitionists.
1977 Economist (Nexis) 13 Aug. 17 For the staunch republicans of the Catholic community..the visit [of the Queen] seemed a deliberate and insensitive slap in the face to those who aspire to a united Ireland.
1993 T. Parker May Lord in His Mercy be Kind to Belfast (1994) xvi. 319 In the Protestant community we saw the Republicans as threatening our way of life.
2000 R. W. White & M. R. Fraser in S. Stryker et al. Self, Identity, & Social Movement xv. 324 A group of Irish Republicans who, consistent with their interpretation of what it is to be a Republican, will support and organize military activity for as long as there is a British presence in Ireland.
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the world > animals > birds > order Passeriformes (singing) > seed eaters > family Ploceidae > [noun] > subfamily Ploceinae (weaver) > philetairus socius
republican1796
republican weaver1834
republican grosbeak1835
republican bird1838
1796 tr. F. Le Vaillant New Trav. Afr. III. 394 I had observed on the way a tree, with an enormous nest of those birds to which I have given the appellation of republicans [Fr. à qui j'avois donné le nom de républicains].
1859 New Amer. Cycl. I. 179/1 Among them are parrots and parroquets, the honey cuckoo, and the little bird called the republican.
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1832 S. A. O'Ferrall Ramble through U.S.A. 88 The stumps..and ‘republicans’ (projecting roots of trees, so called from the stubborn tenacity with which they adhere to the ground..), rendered the difficulties of traversing this forest..great.
Compounds
C1. Compounds of the adjective.
republican calendar n. [after French calendrier républicain (1793 in the passage translated in quot. 1793)] now historical a reformed calendar officially introduced by the French Republican government on 5 October 1793.The republican calendar had twelve months of thirty days each, with five days of festivals at the year's end (six in leap years). It was abandoned under the Napoleonic regime and the Gregorian calendar was formally reinstated on 1 January 1806.
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1793 Almanach pour l'An IIe de la Republique Francaise (verso title page) The Year, according to the new Republican Calendar, begins the 22d of September of our year.
1839 Penny Cycl. XIII. 173/1 The republican kalendar was first used on the 26th of November, 1793, and was discontinued on the 31st of December, 1805.
1918 H. J. Swann French Terminologies in Making iv. 96 The Republican calendar failed to prevail.
2002 Callaloo 25 492 Fabre d'Eglantine was a French poet and political personality who named the months of the republican calendar.
republican era n. now historical the period during which the French Republican calendar was in use or was applied, calculated from 22 September 1792. [The passage translated in quot. 1795 has not been traced.]
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1795 tr. Proclam. 20 Apr. in Coll. State Papers War against France III. i. 215 Given..this 1st Floreal, in the third year of the republican æra.
1884 Jewelers' Circular & Horol. Rev. Oct. 278/1 The duration of the Republican era was only 13 years and 100 days.
1997 C. Bell Ritual iv. 104 The republic replaced the Christian era with the republican era.
Republican Guard n. (the name of) any of various military forces or divisions of the military police in certain republics; (also) a member of such a force.
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1848 Illustr. London News 1 July 428/3 The great barricade was stormed by National Guards, Cuirassiers, Republican Guards, and Gardes Mobiles.
1924 Times 6 Dec. 11/1 Some scattered organizations..were amalgamated to be the nucleus of a united Republican guard, known as the Reichsbanner Black–Red–Gold.
1949 Americas 6 159 Provisional President Geffrard sent a detachment of infantry of the Republican Guard [of Haiti] to protect the ex-Emperor in his retreat.
2006 R. Chandrasekaran Imperial Life in Emerald City (2007) iv. 82 The plan, as Slocombe and Feith envisioned it, was to disband the Republican Guard and the Fedayeen.
Republican Party n. U.S. Politics one of the two main American political parties (the other being the Democratic Party), now a predominantly conservative party promoting commercial and financial interests, social conservatism, strong armed forces, and a reduced role for the central government; cf. Democratic Party n. at democratic adj. and n. Compounds.The Republican Party, the successor to the Federal and Whig parties, was formed in opposition to the Democratic Party in 1854 to resist the extension of slave territory, and initially favoured liberal interpretation of the Constitution, extension of the power of the federal government, and a protective tariff.
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society > authority > rule or government > politics > American politics > [noun] > Republican Party
Republican Party1854
Grand Old Party1874
1854 Vermont Watchman & State Jrnl. 18 Aug. 2/5 How goes the Republican party since the convention of Aug. 3.d? Do appearances augur well?
1856 J. A. Dorr Justice to South 3 Here, then, we have the platform and the future policy of the Republican party clearly and distinctly announced.
1866 Chambers's Encycl. VIII. (at cited word) The Federalist, National Republican, Whig, and Republican party has been essentially the same.
1904 T. Roosevelt in F. Curtis Republican Party I. Foreword p. viii The history of the Republican party..is of present importance to every man who seeks in practical fashion actually to apply the principles of civic righteousness.
1987 W. E. Gienapp Origins Republican Party Introd. 4 It was not obvious at the outset that the Republican Party would become either powerful or permanent.
2009 N.Y. Times 12 Dec. a12/4 This debate is not about health care. This is an ideological battle driven by the right wing of the Republican Party.
Republican Pawnee n. a division of the Pawnee originally inhabiting the Republican River valley in southern Nebraska; (also) a member of this division; = Pawnee Republican n. at Pawnee n.1 and adj. Compounds.
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the world > people > ethnicities > North American peoples > Plains Indian > [noun] > Pawnee confederacy > members
Pawnee1698
Pawnee Maha1698
Pawnee1770
Republican Pawnee1797
Pawnee Pict1805
Pawnee Loup1806
Pawnee Republican1806
Skidi1823
Pawnee Republic1836
1797 in A. P. Nasatir Before Lewis & Clark ii. 488 It is upon this river that boats pass that carry on commerce with the nation of Republican Pawnee whose village is upon a branch of the Kansas river.
1877 W. H. Jackson Descriptive Catal. Photographs 64 The Pawnees..retain the subdivision into bands, as follows: The Skeedee (Pawnee Mahas, or Loups), Kit-ka-hoet, or Republican Pawnees, [etc.].
1931 Amer. Anthropologist 33 471 Near Red Cloud, an historic village, abandoned by the Republican Pawnee about 1812, was investigated.
2002 Amer. Indian Q. 26 596 In June 1811 Sibley met Sharitarish, the principal chief of the Republican Pawnee.
C2. Compounds of the noun.† republican bird n. Obsolete = republican weaver n.† republican weaver n. Obsolete the social weaver, Philetairus socius (family Ploceidae), which builds massive, domed communal nests of grass in trees in southern Africa.
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the world > animals > birds > order Passeriformes (singing) > seed eaters > family Ploceidae > [noun] > subfamily Ploceinae (weaver) > philetairus socius
republican1796
republican weaver1834
republican grosbeak1835
republican bird1838
1838 J. E. Alexander Exped. Discov. Interior Afr. I. x. 258 My men slept on the sand beside me.., after setting fire to some old nests of republican birds in the trees.
1888 J. E. Talmage First Bk. Nature ix. 46 Another feathered resident of the Cape of Good Hope claims our attention by reason of the peculiarity of its nest, viz. the Sociable Weaver Bird, or as some people name it, the Republican Bird.
republican grosbeak n. now rare = republican weaver n.
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the world > animals > birds > order Passeriformes (singing) > seed eaters > family Ploceidae > [noun] > subfamily Ploceinae (weaver) > philetairus socius
republican1796
republican weaver1834
republican grosbeak1835
republican bird1838
1835 W. Swainson Geogr. & Classif. Animals i. v. 109 The republican grosbeak, famous for its social habits in living and building in large communities, belongs also to this genus.
1855 E. Smith & W. S. Dallas Syst. Nat. Hist. II. 266 The most remarkable nest, however, is that made by the Social or Republican Grosbeak (Philetærus Socius).
1912 F. E. Wright Everybody's Cycl. at Grosbeak The social or republican grosbeak is from South Africa.
republican swallow n. U.S. (now historical) the cave swallow, Hirundo fulva, which nests communally in caves, sinkholes, etc., and occurs from Texas to Central America.
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the world > animals > birds > order Passeriformes (singing) > non-arboreal (larks, etc.) > [adjective] > living in large groups
republican swallow1824
the world > animals > birds > order Passeriformes (singing) > non-arboreal (larks, etc.) > [noun] > family Hirundinidae > genus Petrochelidan > species Pyrrhonota (cliff swallow)
republican swallow1824
mud swallow1868
cliff swallow1870
mud-dauber1899
1824 J. J. Audubon in Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. N.Y. 1 i. 164 I drew up at the time a description under the name of H. Republicana, Republican swallow, in allusion to their mode of association for the purposes of building and rearing their young.
1917 T. G. Pearson Birds Amer. III. 84 Cliff Swallow... Barn Swallow; Mud Swallow; Republican Swallow.
1937 Condor 39 210 And maybe the fundamental ecologic factors are pretty much the same as in the ‘Republican Swallows’, as they were called by Audubon in 1824.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > birds > order Passeriformes (singing) > seed eaters > family Ploceidae > [noun] > subfamily Ploceinae (weaver) > philetairus socius
republican1796
republican weaver1834
republican grosbeak1835
republican bird1838
1834 H. Murray et al. Encycl. Geogr. iii. vii. 1247 The Republican Weaver (Loxia socia L.), like several other birds of the same family, lives in vast societies.
1876 Amer. Cycl. XVI. 522/2 The social or republican weaver (philetærus socius, Gray) is about 6½ in. long.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2009; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
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adj.n.1653