reprobaten.

Brit.

/ˈrɛprəbeɪt/, U.S.

/ˈrɛprəˌbeɪt/

Forms: 1500s reprobatt (Scottish), 1500s–1600s reprobat, 1500s– reprobate.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin reprobātus.

Etymology: < classical Latin reprobātus (see reprobate adj.). Compare post-classical Latin reprobus person who has been predestined by God to eternal damnation (late 2nd or early 3rd cent. in Tertullian as reprobi , plural), use as noun of masculine of classical Latin reprobus (see reprobate adj.).

1. Theology. A person who has been rejected by God, an unredeemed sinner; spec. a person who has been predestined by God to eternal damnation.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > aspects of faith > spirituality > reprobation > [noun] > person affected by

firebranda1425

reproved1435

reprobate1532

reprobated1535

preterite1864

1532 T. More Confut. Tyndale in Wks. 715 Esaus, and reprobates, and very carnall fleshflyes.

?1545 J. Bale 2nd Pt. Image Both Churches ii. sig. Fij The wyse menne of this worlde, the verye reprobates from God, all drye without the true faythe, dranke vp this fylthye water.

1557 Bible (Whittingham) 2 Cor. xiii. 5 Knowe ye not your owne selues, how that Iesus Christ is in you, except ye be reprobates?

1629 W. Prynne Church of Englands Old Antithesis 70 Master Bradford speakes this onely to silence Reprobates and damned men.

1678 R. Barclay Apol. True Christian Divinity vii. §8. 225 We must know Christ in us, except we be Reprobates, or unjustified Persons.

1728 J. Morgan Compl. Hist. Algiers I. vi. 179 His People were become perfect Reprobates, quite devoid of all Religion.

1731 N. Bailey Universal Etymol. Eng. Dict. II Reprobateness, the state of a reprobate; wickedness, impiety.

1794 T. Packer Goliath Slain 13 Two distinct classes of men,..are distinguished from each other by various appellations; as sheep and goats—wheat and tares—servants and children—bond men and free men—elect and reprobates.

1851 H. W. Longfellow Golden Legend v. 241 A hopeless reprobate, a hardened sinner, Must be that Carmelite now passing near.

1866 A. Trollope Belton Estate I. ix. 220 The clergyman would opine that he was simply a reprobate.

1907 J. Davidson Triumph of Mammon iii. ii. 73 It is a kind of joy for reprobates To gnaw their tongues in Hell.

1963 J. Quasten & W. J. Burghardt tr. Prosper of Aquitaine Def. St. Augustine 40 Exertion becomes superfluous if neither diligence can save a reprobate nor negligence ruin an elect.

1991 Jrnl. Theol. Stud. 42 84 But good works were also deemed to affect the position of reprobates in hell, by alleviating their punishments.

2. Theology. With the and plural agreement: reprobate people as a class. Opposed to the elect.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > aspects of faith > spirituality > reprobation > [noun] > person affected by > collective

reproved1435

reprobate1548

damneda1616

1548 R. Crowley Confut. N. Shaxton sig. I v a The justice of God..is to rewarde the spirituall..with the blessynges promised, & the fleshlynges, the reprobate, with the plages thretned.

1563 J. Foxe Actes & Monuments 1141/2 I beleue y^t we al shal rise again in these our bodies. .The elect..to liue w^t Christ for euer: the reprobate..to liue w^t y^e deuil & his angels.

1594 T. Bowes tr. P. de la Primaudaye French Acad. II. 7 It is said of the reprobate and of them that are hardened, of which sort are all Atheists, that [etc.].

1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan iii. xxxviii. 244 Wee do not read, that to any of the Reprobate is promised an Eternall life.

1675 R. Burthogge Cavsa Dei 66 Thus it is in the Elect and Reprobate.

1738 A. Cruden Compl. Concordance Holy Script. II. 535/1 Those that are so left [in their infidelity or their corruptions] are the Reprobate, and the others are the Elect or Predestinated.

1764 T. Phillips Hist. Life R. Pole (1765) I. v. 326 The Reprobate are cast off, only for actual faults which they commit by refitting the gracious overtures of the divine mercy.

1833 J. Waterworth tr. F. Véron Rule Catholic Faith 144 Can the predestinate be lost, or the reprobate saved?

1863 E. H. Gillett Life & Times John Huss I. x. 246 The reprobate are symbolized by the foolish virgins.

1901 Amer. Jrnl. Theol. 5 488 There must be a race of sinners; a Saviour provided for a part, the elect,..and the rest, the reprobate, for whom no atonement was made, consigned to hell.

1945 B. Russell Hist. Western Philos. ii. i. iv. 357 In this world, the two cities—the earthly and the heavenly—are commingled; but hereafter the predestinate and the reprobate will be separated.

2006 J. Blenkinsopp Opening Sealed Bk. vi. 209 Psalm i speaks of the ‘congregation of the righteous’ from which the reprobate are excluded.

3. An unruly, reprehensible, degenerate, or wicked person; a rogue.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > inferiority or baseness > dissolute conduct > dissolute person > [noun]

unthriftc1330

castaway1526

degenerate1555

rakehellc1560

ruffian1560

reprobate1592

rakeshame1598

wag-wanton1601

pavement-beater1611

perdu1611

wantoner1665

profligate1679

rantipole1699

rakehellyc1768

society > morality > moral evil > evil nature or character > [noun] > reprobacy > person

gracelessc1405

castaway1526

losthope?c1550

reprobate1592

want-grace1603

perdu1611

slack-grace1623

1592 T. Nashe Strange Newes sig. D iij Thy pen is in state of a Reprobate with all men of iudgement and reckoning.

1607 Fayre Mayde of Exchange sig. K1^v Daughter, come from him, hee's a reprobate.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Measure for Measure (1623) iv. iii. 71 What if we do omit This Reprobate,..til he were wel enclin'd.

1707 E. Ward Wooden World Dissected 15 I am far from drawing him a downright Reprobate.

1715 D. Defoe Family Instructor I. i. i. 12 They always grow worse and worse, till they grow meer Reprobates.

1829 E. Bulwer-Lytton Disowned I. iii. 33 At the age of thirteen [I] was as thorough a reprobate as the tribe could desire.

1843 T. B. Macaulay Ld. Clive in Crit. & Hist. Ess. III. 112 The general opinion seems to have been that poor Robert was a dunce, if not a reprobate.

1879 J. A. Froude Cæsar xv. 226 He saw himself driven into banishment by an insolent reprobate, a patrician turned Radical and demagogue.

1927 H. T. Lowe-Porter tr. T. Mann Magic Mountain II. vi. 576 In the penitentiaries, when men are flogged, the most hardened reprobates will blubber like little children.

1948 Times 9 Oct. 5/4 Women and linen, murmur the sentimentalists, look best by candlelight and, add old reprobates still sighing for the nights when gentlemen were left too long to themselves, so do polished tables and decanters.

1993 N.Y. Times 19 Sept. ix. 5/2 Though flattered by the opportunity to offer you some constructive criticism, we feel it's a bit like the snotty little reprobate back-talking a well-respected teacher.

1997 T. Petsinis French Mathematician (1998) xiii. 114 I assured him I wasn't the author, that some despicable reprobate had used the letterhead of my office and forged my name.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

reprobateadj.

Brit.

/ˈrɛprəbət/,

/ˈrɛprəbeɪt/, U.S.

/ˈrɛprəbət/,

/ˈrɛprəˌbeɪt/

Forms: late Middle English– reprobate, 1500s reprobrate, 1500s–1600s reprobat.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin reprobātus, reprobāre.

Etymology: < classical Latin reprobātus, past participle of reprobāre reprobate v. With the sense development compare also classical Latin reprobus (of money) rejected as below standard, base (late 2nd or early 3rd cent. a.d.), in post-classical Latin also in figurative and extended use, (of the mind) depraved, debased (Vulgate) < reprobāre . Compare reproved adj.With the form reprobrate compare reprobrious adj., opprobrious adj.

a. Theology. Rejected by God; spec. predestined by God to eternal damnation. Opposed to elect.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > aspects of faith > spirituality > reprobation > [adjective] > affected by

unsalveda1240

damned1393

reprobate?a1425

prescit?a1450

losta1533

reprobated1541

condemned1543

unredeemed1548

devoted1611

unsaved1648

non-elect1650

presciteda1660

damning1662

unelected1836

?a1425 tr. Catherine of Siena Orcherd of Syon (Harl.) (1966) 261 (MED) Þei ben as obstynat folk and reprobate folk fro myn eendelees goodnes.

a1513 J. Irland Meroure of Wyssdome (1965) II. 146 Thai ar the reprobat and dampnit pepil, sonnis and dochteris of perdicioun.

1561 T. Norton tr. J. Calvin Inst. Christian Relig. i. f. 2 Those men that are in themselues reprobate and accursed.

1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan iii. xxxvii. 235 The end of Miracles, was to beget beleef, not universally in all men, elect, and reprobate; but in the elect only.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost i. 697 Thir..Strength and Art are easily outdone By Spirits reprobate .

1740 T. Morgan Moral Philosopher III. Introd. 114 They were taught to look upon all other Nations as abandoned, reprobate, accursed of God; and were made to believe, that the true God, and the most powerful God, was the God of Israel only.

1791 T. Alcock Apol. for Esau 58 By whom was he rejected? Not by God, as a reprobate, abandoned sinner, unworthy of mercy and forgiveness, whose repentance came too late, but..by his own father Isaac.

1819 Christian Remembrancer Mar. 170/2 The first text quoted in both editions, to prove the existence of a reprobate people, is Ephes[ians] ii.3.

1852 H. B. Stowe Uncle Tom's Cabin II. xxxv. 217 Hard and reprobate as the godless man seemed now [etc.].

1902 H. R. Mackintosh & A. B. Macaulay tr. A. Ritschl Christian Doctr. Justif. & Reconciliation ii. 126 Calvin's classification of men as either eternally reprobate or eternally elect.

1940 Educ. Forum May 478/1 An ‘old’ Christian drew the borderline between Christian and Jew (making no distinction between Converso and ‘reprobate’ Jew).

2007 H. Pyper in J. L. Scully & P. Dandelion Good & Evil ii. v. 66 The reprobate are those who have failed to respond to their only chance of salvation. They become reprobate, excluded from salvation, by their own choice.

b. Rejected or condemned as worthless, inferior, or impure. Now rare. Frequently figurative with allusion to Jeremiah 6:30 (see quot. 1560).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > inferiority or baseness > [adjective]

evil971

lowc1175

poor?c1225

feeblec1275

vilea1300

petty1372

unthende1377

secondary1386

petitc1390

unmeeta1393

illa1400

commonc1400

coarse1424

indigent1426

unlikelyc1450

lesser1464

gross1474

naughty1526

inferior1531

reprobate?1545

slender1577

unlikely1578

puny1579

under1580

wooden1592

sordid1596

puisne1598

provant1601

subministrant1604

inferious1607

sublunary1624

indifferent1638

undermatched1642

unworthy1646

underly1648

turncoated1650

female1652

undergraduate1655

farandinical1675

baddishc1736

ungenerous1745

understrapping1762

tinnified1794

demi-semi1805

shabby1805

dicky1819

poor white1821

tin-pot1838

deterior1848

substandard1850

crumby1859

cheesy1863

po'1866

not-quite1867

rocky1873

mouldy1876

low-grade1878

sketchy1878

midget1879

junky1880

ullaged1892

abysmal1904

bodgie1905

junk1908

crap1936

ropy1941

bodger1945

two-star1951

tripey1955

manky1958

schlocky1960

cack1978

wank1991

bowf1994

?1545 J. Bale 2nd Pt. Image Both Churches ii. sig. Oij Declare them first of all to the worlde, to be the reprobate vessels of dishonour, which of wylfulnesse contempneth my eternall veryte.

1560 Bible (Geneva) Jer. vi. 30 Thei shal call them reprobate [L. reprobum] siluer, because the Lord hathe reiected them.

1582 Bible (Rheims) Heb. vi. 8 The earth..bringing forth thornes and bryers, it is reprobate [L. reproba].

1665 J. Spencer Disc. Vulgar Prophecies 1 There is a great deal of reprobate Silver which carries the image of the King and looks like Sterling.

1694 B. Keach Golden Mine Opened 38 Dross, Chaff, light and empty Persons, unsound and unsanctified ones,..he rejects..as reprobate Silver, false Coin, People of no value with him.

1737 A. Cruden Compl. Concordance Holy Script. (1845) 395 This word among metallists is used to signify any metal that,..when tried,..betrays itself to be adulterate or reprobate.

1793 J. Scott Baptism Christ i. 20 The reprobate silver (however specious in appearance, and current among many for true devotion, and real religion) is separated and done away with from the gold.

1827 R. Pollok Course of Time I. ii. 69 Creeds..unsanctioned.., And reprobate in heaven.

1852 S. D. Greer Quakerism ix. 185 We would be sifted, as gold and silver, in the furnace of affliction, and that all the dross and reprobate silver would be cast out.

1908 P. Herring Hoodman Grey xv. 224 Although fiery, there was a vague dimness about the silver which showed its reprobate character.

1948 Waterloo (Iowa) Daily Courier 16 Aug. 8/7 Will you be called ‘reprobate silver’ because you have been put into God's furnace of searching and been rejected?

a. Of the mind, a mental process, etc.: depraved, debased, morally corrupt.Frequently in reprobate sense (also mind) [with allusion to Romans 1:28 (post-classical Latin reprobrum sensum (Vulgate), after Hellenistic Greek ἀδόκιμον νοῦν)] .

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > moral evil > moral or spiritual degeneration > [adjective] > corrupted or corrupt

foul-stinkingOE

unwholesomec1374

corruptc1380

rotten1395

infecta1398

unsound?a1400

rotten-heartedc1405

infectedc1449

fly-blown1528

reprobate1531

corrupped1533

corrupted1563

poisoned1567

abusive?1585

debauched1598

deboshedc1598

deboist1604

debauchc1616

deboise1632

scrofulous1842

1531 Bp. W. Barlow Dyaloge Lutheran Faccyons sig. L3 ^v Other ye be deludyd by y^e flatteryng perswasyon of some worldly persons, or ells vtterly geuen in to a reprobate mynde.

1534 tr. L. Valla Treat. Donation vnto Syluester sig. H.iii I haue gyuen them into a reprobate sense or mynde.

1550 R. Crowley Way to Wealth sig. Avi^v God hath geuen the vp in to a reprobate minde.

1594 W. Shakespeare Lucrece sig. C4 By reprobate desire thus madly led, The Romane Lord marcheth to Lvcrece bed.

1656 A. Cowley Isaiah XXXIV in Pindaric Odes xxxiv. (note) iii Some men are so given up even to the most reprobate sense of Aristotle, that not so much as the Divine Authority can draw them from it.

1671 J. Milton Samson Agonistes 1685 Insensate left, or to sense reprobate, And with blindness internal struck.

1715 L. Theobald Cave of Poverty 18 That fair Quital, shou'd have been his Hire, lavish'd on Vice and reprobate Desire.

1796 A. Macwhorter in D. Austin Sel. Disc. Amer. Preacher xxv. 382 Oh! how soon may a poor careless sinner be hardened into a reprobate sense, and hurled into irretrievable wo!

1849 Jrnl. Sacred Lit. Jan. 103 We everywhere discern the clearest indications of a nation thoroughly hardened and justly abandoned to its reprobate desires.

1869 Let. in Times 7 Oct. 4/2 One gentleman, seemingly sane, told me he had been to the Circus eight times; and there are said to be some, who, given over to a reprobate mind, go desperately every night.

1905 J. Snell Age of Transition I. v. 127 They are enslaved by avarice or pleasure or a reprobate mind, which will not pause to consider its ways.

1920 O. A. Hill Ethics i. iii. 32 I can by constant contact with men given over to a reprobate sense put on their ways.

2007 E. M. Higgins Holidays at Grange vii. 192 So great is the love of frolic inherent in some reprobate minds.

b. Of a person, his or her character, actions, etc.: lacking all religious or moral sense; wicked; unprincipled.

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > moral evil > evil nature or character > [adjective] > reprobate

ungracious?c1225

gracelessc1400

reprobate1557

abrupt1583

perditious1600

perdite1625

deperdit1641

castaway1818

the mind > goodness and badness > wrongdoing > immorality > immoral person > [adjective] > and abandoned

forlorn1154

reprobate1557

forsaken1572

self-losta1586

unprincipled1644

1557 R. Edgeworth Serm. very Fruitfull f. 167^v Where sometime they lacked Gods mercye, now they haue gotten gods mercy, which in dede the election of they that God knew for his owne hathe gotten, where they that be reprobate and naughty and vicious hath it not.

1596 T. Nashe Haue with you to Saffron-Walden sig. E To be imprinted at London the reprobatest villaine that euer went on two legs.

1632 P. Fletcher Way to Blessednes ii. 264 Even in that most meeke Lambe of God, we cannot but see a wonderfull hate and scorn of reprobate wicked persons.

1660 F. Brooke tr. V. Le Blanc World Surveyed 3 The greatest part of our company were reprobate persons [Fr. gens sans Dieu], and absolute Atheists.

1719 D. Defoe Farther Adventures Robinson Crusoe 276 She was not built for a Privateer, but was run away with by a reprobate Crew.

1766 C. Anstey New Bath Guide v. i. 32 'Twas shocking to hear The Oaths of that reprobate gouty old Peer.

1768 H. Walpole Mysterious Mother v. v. 110 Deem not so reprobate My morals, that my eye would note no distance Between the harlot's glance and my friend's bride.

1847 G. C. Beckwith Peace Man. ii. i. iii.129 I..beheld the sailors handing on board the vilest and most reprobate women, with the permission and sanction of the officers.

1884 Illustr. London News 25 Oct. 387/3 I have known persons so utterly reprobate and abandoned as to order ‘sherry and angostura’..as a whet before dinner.

1904 G. Bremner tr. E. von Dobschütz Christian Life in Primitive Church i. iii. 50 How can we look upon these Christians of Corinth as anything but the most reprobate and immoral of mankind?

1943 K. Tynan Let. 29 Oct. (1994) i. 11 First time in reprobate life i ever used word love to a woman.

2008 Observer (Nexis) 2 Nov. 94 There are those who fantasise that..the modern miss has embraced her inner vamp and is as eager to satisfy her sexual cravings as any reprobate bachelor.

†c. Contrary or insensible to something good or morally commendable. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > wrongdoing > corruption > [adjective]

sickc960

foulOE

unwholec1000

thewlessa1327

corrupt1340

viciousc1340

unwholesomec1374

infecta1387

rustyc1390

unsound?a1400

rottenc1400

rotten-heartedc1405

cankereda1450

infectedc1449

wasted1483

depravate?1520

poisoned1529

deformed1555

poisonous1555

reprobate1557

corrupted1563

prave1564

base-minded1573

tainted1577

Gomorrhean1581

vice-like1589

depraved1593

debauched1598

deboshedc1598

tarish1601

sunk1602

speckled1603

deboist1604

diseased1608

ulcerous1611

vitial1614

debauchc1616

deboise1632

pravous1653

depravea1711

unhealthy1821

scrofulous1842

septic1914

society > morality > moral evil > wickedness > [adjective] > perverse > depraved or perverted

woughc888

forraughtc1175

perverteda1382

perversionatec1475

perversed1488

perverta1500

depravate?1520

reprobate1557

prave1564

Gomorrhean1581

depraved1593

wronged1619

prevaricate1635

pravitious1649

pravous1653

depravea1711

turpitudinous1935

1557 Bible (Whittingham) Titus i. 16 Thei..are abominable and disobedient, and vnto euerie good worke reprobate [L. reprobi].

1612 T. Taylor Αρχὴν Ἁπάντων: Comm. Epist. Paul to Titus (i. 16) 323 He becomes as a crazie pitcher which is vnfit to hold water; so is he reprobate to euery good dutie: now can he doe nothing but rush into sinne thick and threefold.

1692 T. Cole Disc. Christian Relig. vi. v. 391 We are all by nature dead in trespasses and sins, reprobate to every good Word and Work.

1760 C. Johnstone Chrysal II. i. xiii. 115 Something so grossly reprobate to every sense of real virtue.

1795 H. Hall in S. Whyte Poems on Var. Subj. (ed. 3) 258 Estranged to wit and reprobate to song, Unstrung my lyre has lain neglected long.

1815 Niles' Weekly Reg. 13 May 177/1 We claim for ourselves, and will have, the right of governing ourselves, and must be reprobate to every honorable feeling if we refuse the same liberty to others.

1865 S. W. Williams Let. 21 June in Papers rel. to Foreign Affairs (1866) II. 456 His repeated offences, and contemptuous disregard of the laws, both of the United States and China..proving that he is reprobate to all good things.

3. Of a meaning or intention: nefarious, dishonourable, base. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > damage to reputation > [adjective]

undignec1315

unhonestc1450

reproachable1477

unhonourable1540

discredible1575

discreditable1577

defacing1583

reprobate1589

reproachful1591

scandalous1592

uncreditable1649

notorious1666

unworthy1693

discrediting1699

increditable1703

disreputable1773

compromising1883

1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie iii. xxiii. 228 This word Cheuaucher in the French tongue hath a reprobate sence, specially being spoken of a womans riding.

1612 R. Naunton in Buccleuch MSS (Hist. MSS Comm.) (1899) I. 118 My mediation to bring Sir F. Gr[eville] and him to meet..was, I know not how, turquesed into a reprobate sense.

1995 Shakespeare Q. 46 267 During the course of the sixteenth century, lust was to lose its innocence, or at least its potential innocence, since a reprobate meaning was always available.

4. Deserving or worthy of condemnation or reproof; relating to or characteristic of a reprobate.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disapproval > dispraise or discommendation > [adjective] > worthy of dispraise > worthy of condemnation

damnablec1380

woefula1400

vituperablec1450

condemnablea1586

reprobate1593

vituperous1610

vituperious1612

censurable1635

1593 G. Harvey Pierces Supererogation 152 I must haue S. Fame disclaime her blacke Sanctus; and Nashes deuout Supplication to God, to forgiue Pierces reprobrate Supplication to the Diuell.

1601 J. Marston et al. Iacke Drums Entertainm. i. sig. A3 Reprobate fashion, when each ragged clowt..Reekes in the face of sacred maiestie His stinking breath of censure.

1645 J. Milton Colasterion 24 Who would have deny'd it, but one of a reprobate ignorance in all hee meddles with.

1768 L. Sterne Sentimental Journey I. 135 There was nothing wrong in the sentiment; and yet I instantly reproached my heart with it in the bitterest and most reprobate of expressions.

1771 E. Griffith Hist. Lady Barton III. 171 The following part of my unhappy story..impels me to wild distraction, or to reprobate despair.

1843 I. F. Shepard in Christian Souvenir 52 The reprobate hypocrisy of the heartless villain, who could plan such deep desolation, and shield himself from its deserved infamy.

1860 Pennsylvania Jrnl. Prison Discipline & Philanthropy 15 127 The reprobate ignorance, vicious bitterness, and blasted lives of the gang that files on in striped clothes.

1900 K. L. Bates Spanish Highways & Byways xxiv. 401 They in their most reprobate stupidity had started the trunk on that eighteen-hour journey back to Leon.

2002 16th Cent. Jrnl. 33 42 Some historians argue that the distinction between godly sorrow and reprobate despair was lost on most people.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

reprobatev.

Brit.

/ˈrɛprəbeɪt/, U.S.

/ˈrɛprəˌbeɪt/

Forms: 1500s– reprobate, 1600s reprobat; Scottish pre-1700 reprobat. Also past tense late Middle English reprobate. Also past participle late Middle English–1500s reprobat, late Middle English–1600s reprobate; Scottish pre-1700 reprobat, pre-1700 reprobatt.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin reprobāt-, reprobāre.

Etymology: < classical Latin reprobāt-, past participial stem (see -ate suffix³) of reprobāre to reject, condemn (2nd cent. a.d.) < re- re- prefix + probāre prove v. Compare earlier reprove v.¹, and also slightly earlier reprobation n. Compare also approbate v.

a. transitive. Theology. Of God: to reject or cast off (a person); spec. to predestine (a person) to eternal damnation. Cf. predestination n. 1b.In early use frequently in past participle.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > aspects of faith > spirituality > reprobation > cause reprobation [verb (transitive)]

to fordo into or toc950

fordeemc1000

damnc1325

to destroy into or toc1380

reprobatec1451

condemn1489

pretermit1608

Tartarize1675

Tartarus1856

c1451 J. Capgrave Life St. Gilbert (1910) 62 (MED) Þe deuoute preching of hym was on-to hem whech wer chose to be saued a sauour of euyr-lasting lyf & to hem þat wer reprobat a sauour of euerlastyng peyne.

c1451 J. Capgrave Life St. Gilbert (1910) 75/30 (MED) All þoo þat in þe order schuld make ony discord..but if þei ded penauns..þei wer reprobat of God.

1526 Pilgr. Perf. (1531) 24 b For theyr synne they be reprobate & forsaken of god.

1563 N. Winȝet Certain Tractates (1888) I. 122/13 The wickit peple reprobat of God.

1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica 340 That the Thiefe on the right hand was saved, and the other on the left reprobated..we are ready to admit.

1699 T. Edwards Paraselene dismantled of her Cloud 38/1 Upon the right use of those common Adjutories it is that God doth then elect them, and not till then; or upon the foresight from all Eternity that they will do so. But if they do not use those Helps well, then they are reprobated, or rejected.

a1711 T. Ken Psyche v, in Wks. (1721) IV. 294 Paternal God, though it is just To reprobate infected Dust [etc.].

1751 G. Lavington Enthusiasm Methodists & Papists: Pt. III 4 Persons of weak Spirits..will naturally..look upon themselves as reprobated, and forsaken of God.

1783 W. Cowper Let. 20 Apr. (1981) II. 128 Such a man reprobated in the great day, would be the most melancholy spectacle.

1847 J. Kirk Cloud Dispelled xi. 164 Proof that God has reprobated from eternity a certain part of mankind.

1894 R. V. Foster Sketch of Hist. Cumberland Presbyterian Church xii in G. Alexander et al. Hist. of Methodist Church 307 Shall we think of God reprobating, or as even negatively passing over, any human being simply on condition that that human being did not die in infancy?

1955 A. S. Reid Yellow Ruff & Scarlet Let. 68 Just as Dimmesdale appears to be predestined to salvation, so Chillingworth seems to be reprobated to Hell.

1995 D. C. Steinmetz Calvin in Context x. 149 The passage in Romans 9..affirms that Esau was reprobated by God before he had done anything worthy of divine hatred.

b. transitive. To reject, refuse; to put away, set aside. Now rare.Sometimes with suggestion of sense 2.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > statement > refusal > [verb (transitive)] > reject

awarpc1000

forwerpeOE

warpc1000

nillOE

warnc1300

reprovec1350

to put abacka1382

to throw awaya1382

repugnc1384

to put awaya1387

waivec1386

forshoota1400

disavowc1400

defyc1405

disprovec1430

repelc1443

flemea1450

to put backa1500

reject?1504

refutea1513

repulse1533

refel1548

repudiate1548

disallowa1555

project?1567

expel1575

discard1578

overrule1578

forsay1579

check1601

decard1605

dismiss1608

reprobate1609

devow1610

retorta1616

disclaimc1626

noforsootha1644

respuate1657

reluctate1668

negative1778

no-ball1862

basket1867

to set one's foot down1873

not to have any (of it, that, this)1895

to put down1944

eighty-six1959

neg1987

1609 Bible (Douay) I. Gen. xxv. Annot. The younger is elected, the elder reprobate.

a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Staff. 41 Pole being reprobated, Julius the Third..was chosen in his place.

1777 S. Johnson Let. 20 Sept. (1992) III. 72 I think the reputation both of my head and my heart engaged, and reprobate every thought of desisting from the undertaking.

1782 J. Priestley Disquis. Matter & Spirit (ed. 2) I. p. xxx Mr. De Luc..will see..this opinion..reprobated with contempt.

1851 J. M. Neale Mediæval Hymns 86 Reprobated and rejected Was this Stone.

1959 T. F. Divine Interest i. iii. 59 The thesis seems to have drawn an adverse papal decision from Sixtus V..and was reprobated by the majority of Catholic theologians of the sixteenth century.

c. transitive. Chiefly Scots Law. To reject (an instrument, deed, etc.) as not binding. Now chiefly in to approbate and reprobate and variants: see approbate v. 2. Also intransitive.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > legal document > types of legal or official document > [verb (transitive)] > (partially) reject a deed

reprobate1726

to approbate and reprobate1836

1726 J. Ayliffe Parergon Juris Canonici Anglicani 305 An Exception lies against the Tenor of an Instrument by other Proofs and Evidence in Writing: and this Method (among others) is the best way of reprobating an Instrument.

a1768 J. Erskine Inst. Law Scotl. (1773) II. iii. iii. §49 465 The grantee does not in such case approbate and reprobate the same deed.

1836 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 39 662 You cannot approbate and reprobate the same instrument.

1915 H. A. Giles Confucianism & its Rivals 153 It is no doubt a sound legal maxim that a litigant shall not be allowed to approbate and reprobate the same instrument.

2003 Amer. Jrnl. Internat. Law 97 20 A respondent government..will not be allowed to approbate or reprobate.

†d. transitive. To repudiate, cast off, disown (a person). Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > statement > refusal > [verb (transitive)] > reject or cast off a person

refusec1390

wavescha1400

denyc1400

rejectc1450

replya1500

repudiate1534

to fling off1587

reprobate1747

veto1839

to tie a can to (or on)1926

to give (a person) the elbow1938

wipe1941

1747 S. Richardson Clarissa I. xxv. 162 I..beseech him not to reprobate his child for an aversion which it is not in her power to conquer.

1780 Newgate Cal. V. 154 The seduction was followed by very disagreeable consequences: the father reprobated his daughter.

a. transitive. To disapprove of, censure, condemn. In early use frequently in past participle.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disapproval > dispraise or discommendation > dispraise or discommend [verb (transitive)] > censure or condemn

bidemea1200

convictc1366

reprovea1382

damnc1386

condemna1400

deema1400

saya1400

judgec1400

reprehendc1400

reproacha1475

reprobate?a1475

arguec1475

controlc1525

twit1543

perstringe1549

tax1569

traduce1581

carp1591

censure1605

convince?1606

syndic1609

syndicate1610

to check at1642

reprimand1660

impeach1813

to stroke over1822

?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1876) VI. 407 (MED) Sergius..beynge a cardinalle diacon and reprobate [L. reprobatus] by Formosus the pope, wente to Fraunce.

?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1882) VIII. 259 (MED) Gregory..approbate certeyne of the ordres of beggers..and somme he reprobate [a1387 J. Trevisa tr. reproved; L. reprobavit].

1607 J. Carpenter Plaine Mans Spirituall Plough 36 So those Scribes..were rejected..and their workes reprobated.

1671 R. McWard True Non-conformist 145 It was not only not introduced, but plainly reprobate by our Lord and his Apostles.

1752 W. Law Spirit of Love (1816) ii. 129 For nothing is reprobated in Cain, but that very same which is reprobated in Abel.

1787 G. Winter New Syst. Husbandry 205 His neighbours reprobated his method of proceeding.

1800 C. Lamb in Lett. C. & M. A. Lamb (1975) I. 199 It seems the Doctor is invariably against the use of broken or mixed metaphor, which he reprobates against the authority of Shakspeare himself.

1850 W. Irving Mahomet (1853) vii. 36 He reprobated what he termed the heresies of his nephew.

1882 J. B. Stallo Concepts Mod. Physics 57 The ‘assumption’ of universal attraction is reprobated as an ‘absurdity’ by James Croll.

1903 Westm. Gaz. 12 Feb. 2/3 Telling tales is reprobated by English public-school boys.

1935 Lady Rockley Wild Flowers Great Dominions Brit. Empire 5 There are tracts in South Australia covered with the common British Viper's Bugloss..but there it is a noxious weed, reprobated by the local name of ‘Salvation Jane’.

1987 I. Finlayson Scots (1988) xii. 215 The Presbyterian conscience reprobated drink, but the natural gaiety of the Celtic Scot required whisky.

†b. transitive. To abhor to do a thing. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > wish or inclination > unwillingness > be unwilling [verb (intransitive)]

nillOE

loathea1200

to make it tough1297

forthinka1300

reckc1300

ruea1400

to make (it) strangec1405

to make strangenessc1407

stick1418

resistc1425

to make (it) strange?1456

steek1478

tarrowc1480

doubt1483

sunyie1488

to make (it) nice1530

stay1533

shentc1540

to make courtesy (at)1542

to make it scrupulous1548

to think (it) much1548

to make dainty of (anything)1555

to lie aback1560

stand1563

steek1573

to hang back1581

erch1584

to make doubt1586

to hang the groin1587

to make scruple (also a, no, etc., scruple)1589

yearn1597

to hang the winga1601

to make squeamish1611

smay1632

bogglea1638

to hang off1641

waver1643

reluct1648

shy1650

reluctate1655

stickle1656

scruple1660

to make boggle1667

revere1689

begrudge1690

to have scruples1719

stopc1738

bitch1777

reprobate1779

crane1823

disincline1885

1779 Earl of Malmesbury Diaries & Corr. I. 236 His Prussian Majesty has..perhaps employed means we should reprobate to make use of.

†3. intransitive. To utter reproaches; to rail against someone or something. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > malediction > [verb (intransitive)] > abuse, scold, or wrangle

chidec1175

to say or speak (a, no, etc.) villainy1303

scold1377

revilea1460

raila1470

fare1603

extirp1605

camp1606

callet1620

oblatrate1623

cample1628

objurgate1642

reprobate1698

slang1828

vituperate1856

to shoot one's mouth off1864

1698 S. Crisp Christ Exalted 100 He reprobated exceedingly against Israel.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

n.1532

adj.?a1425

v.c1451

单词	reprobate
释义	reprobaten. Brit. /ˈrɛprəbeɪt/, U.S. /ˈrɛprəˌbeɪt/ Forms: 1500s reprobatt (Scottish), 1500s–1600s reprobat, 1500s– reprobate. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin reprobātus. Etymology: < classical Latin reprobātus (see reprobate adj.). Compare post-classical Latin reprobus person who has been predestined by God to eternal damnation (late 2nd or early 3rd cent. in Tertullian as reprobi , plural), use as noun of masculine of classical Latin reprobus (see reprobate adj.). 1. Theology. A person who has been rejected by God, an unredeemed sinner; spec. a person who has been predestined by God to eternal damnation. ΘΚΠ society > faith > aspects of faith > spirituality > reprobation > [noun] > person affected by firebranda1425 reproved1435 reprobate1532 reprobated1535 preterite1864 1532 T. More Confut. Tyndale in Wks. 715 Esaus, and reprobates, and very carnall fleshflyes. ?1545 J. Bale 2nd Pt. Image Both Churches ii. sig. Fij The wyse menne of this worlde, the verye reprobates from God, all drye without the true faythe, dranke vp this fylthye water. 1557 Bible (Whittingham) 2 Cor. xiii. 5 Knowe ye not your owne selues, how that Iesus Christ is in you, except ye be reprobates? 1629 W. Prynne Church of Englands Old Antithesis 70 Master Bradford speakes this onely to silence Reprobates and damned men. 1678 R. Barclay Apol. True Christian Divinity vii. §8. 225 We must know Christ in us, except we be Reprobates, or unjustified Persons. 1728 J. Morgan Compl. Hist. Algiers I. vi. 179 His People were become perfect Reprobates, quite devoid of all Religion. 1731 N. Bailey Universal Etymol. Eng. Dict. II Reprobateness, the state of a reprobate; wickedness, impiety. 1794 T. Packer Goliath Slain 13 Two distinct classes of men,..are distinguished from each other by various appellations; as sheep and goats—wheat and tares—servants and children—bond men and free men—elect and reprobates. 1851 H. W. Longfellow Golden Legend v. 241 A hopeless reprobate, a hardened sinner, Must be that Carmelite now passing near. 1866 A. Trollope Belton Estate I. ix. 220 The clergyman would opine that he was simply a reprobate. 1907 J. Davidson Triumph of Mammon iii. ii. 73 It is a kind of joy for reprobates To gnaw their tongues in Hell. 1963 J. Quasten & W. J. Burghardt tr. Prosper of Aquitaine Def. St. Augustine 40 Exertion becomes superfluous if neither diligence can save a reprobate nor negligence ruin an elect. 1991 Jrnl. Theol. Stud. 42 84 But good works were also deemed to affect the position of reprobates in hell, by alleviating their punishments. 2. Theology. With the and plural agreement: reprobate people as a class. Opposed to the elect. ΘΚΠ society > faith > aspects of faith > spirituality > reprobation > [noun] > person affected by > collective reproved1435 reprobate1548 damneda1616 1548 R. Crowley Confut. N. Shaxton sig. I v a The justice of God..is to rewarde the spirituall..with the blessynges promised, & the fleshlynges, the reprobate, with the plages thretned. 1563 J. Foxe Actes & Monuments 1141/2 I beleue y^t we al shal rise again in these our bodies. .The elect..to liue w^t Christ for euer: the reprobate..to liue w^t y^e deuil & his angels. 1594 T. Bowes tr. P. de la Primaudaye French Acad. II. 7 It is said of the reprobate and of them that are hardened, of which sort are all Atheists, that [etc.]. 1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan iii. xxxviii. 244 Wee do not read, that to any of the Reprobate is promised an Eternall life. 1675 R. Burthogge Cavsa Dei 66 Thus it is in the Elect and Reprobate. 1738 A. Cruden Compl. Concordance Holy Script. II. 535/1 Those that are so left [in their infidelity or their corruptions] are the Reprobate, and the others are the Elect or Predestinated. 1764 T. Phillips Hist. Life R. Pole (1765) I. v. 326 The Reprobate are cast off, only for actual faults which they commit by refitting the gracious overtures of the divine mercy. 1833 J. Waterworth tr. F. Véron Rule Catholic Faith 144 Can the predestinate be lost, or the reprobate saved? 1863 E. H. Gillett Life & Times John Huss I. x. 246 The reprobate are symbolized by the foolish virgins. 1901 Amer. Jrnl. Theol. 5 488 There must be a race of sinners; a Saviour provided for a part, the elect,..and the rest, the reprobate, for whom no atonement was made, consigned to hell. 1945 B. Russell Hist. Western Philos. ii. i. iv. 357 In this world, the two cities—the earthly and the heavenly—are commingled; but hereafter the predestinate and the reprobate will be separated. 2006 J. Blenkinsopp Opening Sealed Bk. vi. 209 Psalm i speaks of the ‘congregation of the righteous’ from which the reprobate are excluded. 3. An unruly, reprehensible, degenerate, or wicked person; a rogue. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > inferiority or baseness > dissolute conduct > dissolute person > [noun] unthriftc1330 castaway1526 degenerate1555 rakehellc1560 ruffian1560 reprobate1592 rakeshame1598 wag-wanton1601 pavement-beater1611 perdu1611 wantoner1665 profligate1679 rantipole1699 rakehellyc1768 society > morality > moral evil > evil nature or character > [noun] > reprobacy > person gracelessc1405 castaway1526 losthope?c1550 reprobate1592 want-grace1603 perdu1611 slack-grace1623 1592 T. Nashe Strange Newes sig. D iij Thy pen is in state of a Reprobate with all men of iudgement and reckoning. 1607 Fayre Mayde of Exchange sig. K1^v Daughter, come from him, hee's a reprobate. a1616 W. Shakespeare Measure for Measure (1623) iv. iii. 71 What if we do omit This Reprobate,..til he were wel enclin'd. 1707 E. Ward Wooden World Dissected 15 I am far from drawing him a downright Reprobate. 1715 D. Defoe Family Instructor I. i. i. 12 They always grow worse and worse, till they grow meer Reprobates. 1829 E. Bulwer-Lytton Disowned I. iii. 33 At the age of thirteen [I] was as thorough a reprobate as the tribe could desire. 1843 T. B. Macaulay Ld. Clive in Crit. & Hist. Ess. III. 112 The general opinion seems to have been that poor Robert was a dunce, if not a reprobate. 1879 J. A. Froude Cæsar xv. 226 He saw himself driven into banishment by an insolent reprobate, a patrician turned Radical and demagogue. 1927 H. T. Lowe-Porter tr. T. Mann Magic Mountain II. vi. 576 In the penitentiaries, when men are flogged, the most hardened reprobates will blubber like little children. 1948 Times 9 Oct. 5/4 Women and linen, murmur the sentimentalists, look best by candlelight and, add old reprobates still sighing for the nights when gentlemen were left too long to themselves, so do polished tables and decanters. 1993 N.Y. Times 19 Sept. ix. 5/2 Though flattered by the opportunity to offer you some constructive criticism, we feel it's a bit like the snotty little reprobate back-talking a well-respected teacher. 1997 T. Petsinis French Mathematician (1998) xiii. 114 I assured him I wasn't the author, that some despicable reprobate had used the letterhead of my office and forged my name. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022). reprobateadj. Brit. /ˈrɛprəbət/, /ˈrɛprəbeɪt/, U.S. /ˈrɛprəbət/, /ˈrɛprəˌbeɪt/ Forms: late Middle English– reprobate, 1500s reprobrate, 1500s–1600s reprobat. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin reprobātus, reprobāre. Etymology: < classical Latin reprobātus, past participle of reprobāre reprobate v. With the sense development compare also classical Latin reprobus (of money) rejected as below standard, base (late 2nd or early 3rd cent. a.d.), in post-classical Latin also in figurative and extended use, (of the mind) depraved, debased (Vulgate) < reprobāre . Compare reproved adj.With the form reprobrate compare reprobrious adj., opprobrious adj. 1. a. Theology. Rejected by God; spec. predestined by God to eternal damnation. Opposed to elect. ΘΚΠ society > faith > aspects of faith > spirituality > reprobation > [adjective] > affected by unsalveda1240 damned1393 reprobate?a1425 prescit?a1450 losta1533 reprobated1541 condemned1543 unredeemed1548 devoted1611 unsaved1648 non-elect1650 presciteda1660 damning1662 unelected1836 ?a1425 tr. Catherine of Siena Orcherd of Syon (Harl.) (1966) 261 (MED) Þei ben as obstynat folk and reprobate folk fro myn eendelees goodnes. a1513 J. Irland Meroure of Wyssdome (1965) II. 146 Thai ar the reprobat and dampnit pepil, sonnis and dochteris of perdicioun. 1561 T. Norton tr. J. Calvin Inst. Christian Relig. i. f. 2 Those men that are in themselues reprobate and accursed. 1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan iii. xxxvii. 235 The end of Miracles, was to beget beleef, not universally in all men, elect, and reprobate; but in the elect only. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost i. 697 Thir..Strength and Art are easily outdone By Spirits reprobate . View more context for this quotation 1740 T. Morgan Moral Philosopher III. Introd. 114 They were taught to look upon all other Nations as abandoned, reprobate, accursed of God; and were made to believe, that the true God, and the most powerful God, was the God of Israel only. 1791 T. Alcock Apol. for Esau 58 By whom was he rejected? Not by God, as a reprobate, abandoned sinner, unworthy of mercy and forgiveness, whose repentance came too late, but..by his own father Isaac. 1819 Christian Remembrancer Mar. 170/2 The first text quoted in both editions, to prove the existence of a reprobate people, is Ephes[ians] ii.3. 1852 H. B. Stowe Uncle Tom's Cabin II. xxxv. 217 Hard and reprobate as the godless man seemed now [etc.]. 1902 H. R. Mackintosh & A. B. Macaulay tr. A. Ritschl Christian Doctr. Justif. & Reconciliation ii. 126 Calvin's classification of men as either eternally reprobate or eternally elect. 1940 Educ. Forum May 478/1 An ‘old’ Christian drew the borderline between Christian and Jew (making no distinction between Converso and ‘reprobate’ Jew). 2007 H. Pyper in J. L. Scully & P. Dandelion Good & Evil ii. v. 66 The reprobate are those who have failed to respond to their only chance of salvation. They become reprobate, excluded from salvation, by their own choice. b. Rejected or condemned as worthless, inferior, or impure. Now rare. Frequently figurative with allusion to Jeremiah 6:30 (see quot. 1560). ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > inferiority or baseness > [adjective] evil971 lowc1175 poor?c1225 feeblec1275 vilea1300 petty1372 unthende1377 secondary1386 petitc1390 unmeeta1393 illa1400 commonc1400 coarse1424 indigent1426 unlikelyc1450 lesser1464 gross1474 naughty1526 inferior1531 reprobate?1545 slender1577 unlikely1578 puny1579 under1580 wooden1592 sordid1596 puisne1598 provant1601 subministrant1604 inferious1607 sublunary1624 indifferent1638 undermatched1642 unworthy1646 underly1648 turncoated1650 female1652 undergraduate1655 farandinical1675 baddishc1736 ungenerous1745 understrapping1762 tinnified1794 demi-semi1805 shabby1805 dicky1819 poor white1821 tin-pot1838 deterior1848 substandard1850 crumby1859 cheesy1863 po'1866 not-quite1867 rocky1873 mouldy1876 low-grade1878 sketchy1878 midget1879 junky1880 ullaged1892 abysmal1904 bodgie1905 junk1908 crap1936 ropy1941 bodger1945 two-star1951 tripey1955 manky1958 schlocky1960 cack1978 wank1991 bowf1994 ?1545 J. Bale 2nd Pt. Image Both Churches ii. sig. Oij Declare them first of all to the worlde, to be the reprobate vessels of dishonour, which of wylfulnesse contempneth my eternall veryte. 1560 Bible (Geneva) Jer. vi. 30 Thei shal call them reprobate [L. reprobum] siluer, because the Lord hathe reiected them. 1582 Bible (Rheims) Heb. vi. 8 The earth..bringing forth thornes and bryers, it is reprobate [L. reproba]. 1665 J. Spencer Disc. Vulgar Prophecies 1 There is a great deal of reprobate Silver which carries the image of the King and looks like Sterling. 1694 B. Keach Golden Mine Opened 38 Dross, Chaff, light and empty Persons, unsound and unsanctified ones,..he rejects..as reprobate Silver, false Coin, People of no value with him. 1737 A. Cruden Compl. Concordance Holy Script. (1845) 395 This word among metallists is used to signify any metal that,..when tried,..betrays itself to be adulterate or reprobate. 1793 J. Scott Baptism Christ i. 20 The reprobate silver (however specious in appearance, and current among many for true devotion, and real religion) is separated and done away with from the gold. 1827 R. Pollok Course of Time I. ii. 69 Creeds..unsanctioned.., And reprobate in heaven. 1852 S. D. Greer Quakerism ix. 185 We would be sifted, as gold and silver, in the furnace of affliction, and that all the dross and reprobate silver would be cast out. 1908 P. Herring Hoodman Grey xv. 224 Although fiery, there was a vague dimness about the silver which showed its reprobate character. 1948 Waterloo (Iowa) Daily Courier 16 Aug. 8/7 Will you be called ‘reprobate silver’ because you have been put into God's furnace of searching and been rejected? 2. a. Of the mind, a mental process, etc.: depraved, debased, morally corrupt.Frequently in reprobate sense (also mind) [with allusion to Romans 1:28 (post-classical Latin reprobrum sensum (Vulgate), after Hellenistic Greek ἀδόκιμον νοῦν)] . ΘΚΠ society > morality > moral evil > moral or spiritual degeneration > [adjective] > corrupted or corrupt foul-stinkingOE unwholesomec1374 corruptc1380 rotten1395 infecta1398 unsound?a1400 rotten-heartedc1405 infectedc1449 fly-blown1528 reprobate1531 corrupped1533 corrupted1563 poisoned1567 abusive?1585 debauched1598 deboshedc1598 deboist1604 debauchc1616 deboise1632 scrofulous1842 1531 Bp. W. Barlow Dyaloge Lutheran Faccyons sig. L3 ^v Other ye be deludyd by y^e flatteryng perswasyon of some worldly persons, or ells vtterly geuen in to a reprobate mynde. 1534 tr. L. Valla Treat. Donation vnto Syluester sig. H.iii I haue gyuen them into a reprobate sense or mynde. 1550 R. Crowley Way to Wealth sig. Avi^v God hath geuen the vp in to a reprobate minde. 1594 W. Shakespeare Lucrece sig. C4 By reprobate desire thus madly led, The Romane Lord marcheth to Lvcrece bed. View more context for this quotation 1656 A. Cowley Isaiah XXXIV in Pindaric Odes xxxiv. (note) iii Some men are so given up even to the most reprobate sense of Aristotle, that not so much as the Divine Authority can draw them from it. 1671 J. Milton Samson Agonistes 1685 Insensate left, or to sense reprobate, And with blindness internal struck. View more context for this quotation 1715 L. Theobald Cave of Poverty 18 That fair Quital, shou'd have been his Hire, lavish'd on Vice and reprobate Desire. 1796 A. Macwhorter in D. Austin Sel. Disc. Amer. Preacher xxv. 382 Oh! how soon may a poor careless sinner be hardened into a reprobate sense, and hurled into irretrievable wo! 1849 Jrnl. Sacred Lit. Jan. 103 We everywhere discern the clearest indications of a nation thoroughly hardened and justly abandoned to its reprobate desires. 1869 Let. in Times 7 Oct. 4/2 One gentleman, seemingly sane, told me he had been to the Circus eight times; and there are said to be some, who, given over to a reprobate mind, go desperately every night. 1905 J. Snell Age of Transition I. v. 127 They are enslaved by avarice or pleasure or a reprobate mind, which will not pause to consider its ways. 1920 O. A. Hill Ethics i. iii. 32 I can by constant contact with men given over to a reprobate sense put on their ways. 2007 E. M. Higgins Holidays at Grange vii. 192 So great is the love of frolic inherent in some reprobate minds. b. Of a person, his or her character, actions, etc.: lacking all religious or moral sense; wicked; unprincipled. ΘΚΠ society > morality > moral evil > evil nature or character > [adjective] > reprobate ungracious?c1225 gracelessc1400 reprobate1557 abrupt1583 perditious1600 perdite1625 deperdit1641 castaway1818 the mind > goodness and badness > wrongdoing > immorality > immoral person > [adjective] > and abandoned forlorn1154 reprobate1557 forsaken1572 self-losta1586 unprincipled1644 1557 R. Edgeworth Serm. very Fruitfull f. 167^v Where sometime they lacked Gods mercye, now they haue gotten gods mercy, which in dede the election of they that God knew for his owne hathe gotten, where they that be reprobate and naughty and vicious hath it not. 1596 T. Nashe Haue with you to Saffron-Walden sig. E To be imprinted at London the reprobatest villaine that euer went on two legs. 1632 P. Fletcher Way to Blessednes ii. 264 Even in that most meeke Lambe of God, we cannot but see a wonderfull hate and scorn of reprobate wicked persons. 1660 F. Brooke tr. V. Le Blanc World Surveyed 3 The greatest part of our company were reprobate persons [Fr. gens sans Dieu], and absolute Atheists. 1719 D. Defoe Farther Adventures Robinson Crusoe 276 She was not built for a Privateer, but was run away with by a reprobate Crew. 1766 C. Anstey New Bath Guide v. i. 32 'Twas shocking to hear The Oaths of that reprobate gouty old Peer. 1768 H. Walpole Mysterious Mother v. v. 110 Deem not so reprobate My morals, that my eye would note no distance Between the harlot's glance and my friend's bride. 1847 G. C. Beckwith Peace Man. ii. i. iii.129 I..beheld the sailors handing on board the vilest and most reprobate women, with the permission and sanction of the officers. 1884 Illustr. London News 25 Oct. 387/3 I have known persons so utterly reprobate and abandoned as to order ‘sherry and angostura’..as a whet before dinner. 1904 G. Bremner tr. E. von Dobschütz Christian Life in Primitive Church i. iii. 50 How can we look upon these Christians of Corinth as anything but the most reprobate and immoral of mankind? 1943 K. Tynan Let. 29 Oct. (1994) i. 11 First time in reprobate life i ever used word love to a woman. 2008 Observer (Nexis) 2 Nov. 94 There are those who fantasise that..the modern miss has embraced her inner vamp and is as eager to satisfy her sexual cravings as any reprobate bachelor. †c. Contrary or insensible to something good or morally commendable. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > wrongdoing > corruption > [adjective] sickc960 foulOE unwholec1000 thewlessa1327 corrupt1340 viciousc1340 unwholesomec1374 infecta1387 rustyc1390 unsound?a1400 rottenc1400 rotten-heartedc1405 cankereda1450 infectedc1449 wasted1483 depravate?1520 poisoned1529 deformed1555 poisonous1555 reprobate1557 corrupted1563 prave1564 base-minded1573 tainted1577 Gomorrhean1581 vice-like1589 depraved1593 debauched1598 deboshedc1598 tarish1601 sunk1602 speckled1603 deboist1604 diseased1608 ulcerous1611 vitial1614 debauchc1616 deboise1632 pravous1653 depravea1711 unhealthy1821 scrofulous1842 septic1914 society > morality > moral evil > wickedness > [adjective] > perverse > depraved or perverted woughc888 forraughtc1175 perverteda1382 perversionatec1475 perversed1488 perverta1500 depravate?1520 reprobate1557 prave1564 Gomorrhean1581 depraved1593 wronged1619 prevaricate1635 pravitious1649 pravous1653 depravea1711 turpitudinous1935 1557 Bible (Whittingham) Titus i. 16 Thei..are abominable and disobedient, and vnto euerie good worke reprobate [L. reprobi]. 1612 T. Taylor Αρχὴν Ἁπάντων: Comm. Epist. Paul to Titus (i. 16) 323 He becomes as a crazie pitcher which is vnfit to hold water; so is he reprobate to euery good dutie: now can he doe nothing but rush into sinne thick and threefold. 1692 T. Cole Disc. Christian Relig. vi. v. 391 We are all by nature dead in trespasses and sins, reprobate to every good Word and Work. 1760 C. Johnstone Chrysal II. i. xiii. 115 Something so grossly reprobate to every sense of real virtue. 1795 H. Hall in S. Whyte Poems on Var. Subj. (ed. 3) 258 Estranged to wit and reprobate to song, Unstrung my lyre has lain neglected long. 1815 Niles' Weekly Reg. 13 May 177/1 We claim for ourselves, and will have, the right of governing ourselves, and must be reprobate to every honorable feeling if we refuse the same liberty to others. 1865 S. W. Williams Let. 21 June in Papers rel. to Foreign Affairs (1866) II. 456 His repeated offences, and contemptuous disregard of the laws, both of the United States and China..proving that he is reprobate to all good things. 3. Of a meaning or intention: nefarious, dishonourable, base. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > damage to reputation > [adjective] undignec1315 unhonestc1450 reproachable1477 unhonourable1540 discredible1575 discreditable1577 defacing1583 reprobate1589 reproachful1591 scandalous1592 uncreditable1649 notorious1666 unworthy1693 discrediting1699 increditable1703 disreputable1773 compromising1883 1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie iii. xxiii. 228 This word Cheuaucher in the French tongue hath a reprobate sence, specially being spoken of a womans riding. 1612 R. Naunton in Buccleuch MSS (Hist. MSS Comm.) (1899) I. 118 My mediation to bring Sir F. Gr[eville] and him to meet..was, I know not how, turquesed into a reprobate sense. 1995 Shakespeare Q. 46 267 During the course of the sixteenth century, lust was to lose its innocence, or at least its potential innocence, since a reprobate meaning was always available. 4. Deserving or worthy of condemnation or reproof; relating to or characteristic of a reprobate. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disapproval > dispraise or discommendation > [adjective] > worthy of dispraise > worthy of condemnation damnablec1380 woefula1400 vituperablec1450 condemnablea1586 reprobate1593 vituperous1610 vituperious1612 censurable1635 1593 G. Harvey Pierces Supererogation 152 I must haue S. Fame disclaime her blacke Sanctus; and Nashes deuout Supplication to God, to forgiue Pierces reprobrate Supplication to the Diuell. 1601 J. Marston et al. Iacke Drums Entertainm. i. sig. A3 Reprobate fashion, when each ragged clowt..Reekes in the face of sacred maiestie His stinking breath of censure. 1645 J. Milton Colasterion 24 Who would have deny'd it, but one of a reprobate ignorance in all hee meddles with. 1768 L. Sterne Sentimental Journey I. 135 There was nothing wrong in the sentiment; and yet I instantly reproached my heart with it in the bitterest and most reprobate of expressions. 1771 E. Griffith Hist. Lady Barton III. 171 The following part of my unhappy story..impels me to wild distraction, or to reprobate despair. 1843 I. F. Shepard in Christian Souvenir 52 The reprobate hypocrisy of the heartless villain, who could plan such deep desolation, and shield himself from its deserved infamy. 1860 Pennsylvania Jrnl. Prison Discipline & Philanthropy 15 127 The reprobate ignorance, vicious bitterness, and blasted lives of the gang that files on in striped clothes. 1900 K. L. Bates Spanish Highways & Byways xxiv. 401 They in their most reprobate stupidity had started the trunk on that eighteen-hour journey back to Leon. 2002 16th Cent. Jrnl. 33 42 Some historians argue that the distinction between godly sorrow and reprobate despair was lost on most people. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022). reprobatev. Brit. /ˈrɛprəbeɪt/, U.S. /ˈrɛprəˌbeɪt/ Forms: 1500s– reprobate, 1600s reprobat; Scottish pre-1700 reprobat. Also past tense late Middle English reprobate. Also past participle late Middle English–1500s reprobat, late Middle English–1600s reprobate; Scottish pre-1700 reprobat, pre-1700 reprobatt. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin reprobāt-, reprobāre. Etymology: < classical Latin reprobāt-, past participial stem (see -ate suffix³) of reprobāre to reject, condemn (2nd cent. a.d.) < re- re- prefix + probāre prove v. Compare earlier reprove v.¹, and also slightly earlier reprobation n. Compare also approbate v. 1. a. transitive. Theology. Of God: to reject or cast off (a person); spec. to predestine (a person) to eternal damnation. Cf. predestination n. 1b.In early use frequently in past participle. ΘΚΠ society > faith > aspects of faith > spirituality > reprobation > cause reprobation [verb (transitive)] to fordo into or toc950 fordeemc1000 damnc1325 to destroy into or toc1380 reprobatec1451 condemn1489 pretermit1608 Tartarize1675 Tartarus1856 c1451 J. Capgrave Life St. Gilbert (1910) 62 (MED) Þe deuoute preching of hym was on-to hem whech wer chose to be saued a sauour of euyr-lasting lyf & to hem þat wer reprobat a sauour of euerlastyng peyne. c1451 J. Capgrave Life St. Gilbert (1910) 75/30 (MED) All þoo þat in þe order schuld make ony discord..but if þei ded penauns..þei wer reprobat of God. 1526 Pilgr. Perf. (1531) 24 b For theyr synne they be reprobate & forsaken of god. 1563 N. Winȝet Certain Tractates (1888) I. 122/13 The wickit peple reprobat of God. 1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica 340 That the Thiefe on the right hand was saved, and the other on the left reprobated..we are ready to admit. View more context for this quotation 1699 T. Edwards Paraselene dismantled of her Cloud 38/1 Upon the right use of those common Adjutories it is that God doth then elect them, and not till then; or upon the foresight from all Eternity that they will do so. But if they do not use those Helps well, then they are reprobated, or rejected. a1711 T. Ken Psyche v, in Wks. (1721) IV. 294 Paternal God, though it is just To reprobate infected Dust [etc.]. 1751 G. Lavington Enthusiasm Methodists & Papists: Pt. III 4 Persons of weak Spirits..will naturally..look upon themselves as reprobated, and forsaken of God. 1783 W. Cowper Let. 20 Apr. (1981) II. 128 Such a man reprobated in the great day, would be the most melancholy spectacle. 1847 J. Kirk Cloud Dispelled xi. 164 Proof that God has reprobated from eternity a certain part of mankind. 1894 R. V. Foster Sketch of Hist. Cumberland Presbyterian Church xii in G. Alexander et al. Hist. of Methodist Church 307 Shall we think of God reprobating, or as even negatively passing over, any human being simply on condition that that human being did not die in infancy? 1955 A. S. Reid Yellow Ruff & Scarlet Let. 68 Just as Dimmesdale appears to be predestined to salvation, so Chillingworth seems to be reprobated to Hell. 1995 D. C. Steinmetz Calvin in Context x. 149 The passage in Romans 9..affirms that Esau was reprobated by God before he had done anything worthy of divine hatred. b. transitive. To reject, refuse; to put away, set aside. Now rare.Sometimes with suggestion of sense 2. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > statement > refusal > [verb (transitive)] > reject awarpc1000 forwerpeOE warpc1000 nillOE warnc1300 reprovec1350 to put abacka1382 to throw awaya1382 repugnc1384 to put awaya1387 waivec1386 forshoota1400 disavowc1400 defyc1405 disprovec1430 repelc1443 flemea1450 to put backa1500 reject?1504 refutea1513 repulse1533 refel1548 repudiate1548 disallowa1555 project?1567 expel1575 discard1578 overrule1578 forsay1579 check1601 decard1605 dismiss1608 reprobate1609 devow1610 retorta1616 disclaimc1626 noforsootha1644 respuate1657 reluctate1668 negative1778 no-ball1862 basket1867 to set one's foot down1873 not to have any (of it, that, this)1895 to put down1944 eighty-six1959 neg1987 1609 Bible (Douay) I. Gen. xxv. Annot. The younger is elected, the elder reprobate. a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Staff. 41 Pole being reprobated, Julius the Third..was chosen in his place. 1777 S. Johnson Let. 20 Sept. (1992) III. 72 I think the reputation both of my head and my heart engaged, and reprobate every thought of desisting from the undertaking. 1782 J. Priestley Disquis. Matter & Spirit (ed. 2) I. p. xxx Mr. De Luc..will see..this opinion..reprobated with contempt. 1851 J. M. Neale Mediæval Hymns 86 Reprobated and rejected Was this Stone. 1959 T. F. Divine Interest i. iii. 59 The thesis seems to have drawn an adverse papal decision from Sixtus V..and was reprobated by the majority of Catholic theologians of the sixteenth century. c. transitive. Chiefly Scots Law. To reject (an instrument, deed, etc.) as not binding. Now chiefly in to approbate and reprobate and variants: see approbate v. 2. Also intransitive. ΘΚΠ society > law > legal document > types of legal or official document > [verb (transitive)] > (partially) reject a deed reprobate1726 to approbate and reprobate1836 1726 J. Ayliffe Parergon Juris Canonici Anglicani 305 An Exception lies against the Tenor of an Instrument by other Proofs and Evidence in Writing: and this Method (among others) is the best way of reprobating an Instrument. a1768 J. Erskine Inst. Law Scotl. (1773) II. iii. iii. §49 465 The grantee does not in such case approbate and reprobate the same deed. 1836 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 39 662 You cannot approbate and reprobate the same instrument. 1915 H. A. Giles Confucianism & its Rivals 153 It is no doubt a sound legal maxim that a litigant shall not be allowed to approbate and reprobate the same instrument. 2003 Amer. Jrnl. Internat. Law 97 20 A respondent government..will not be allowed to approbate or reprobate. †d. transitive. To repudiate, cast off, disown (a person). Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > statement > refusal > [verb (transitive)] > reject or cast off a person refusec1390 wavescha1400 denyc1400 rejectc1450 replya1500 repudiate1534 to fling off1587 reprobate1747 veto1839 to tie a can to (or on)1926 to give (a person) the elbow1938 wipe1941 1747 S. Richardson Clarissa I. xxv. 162 I..beseech him not to reprobate his child for an aversion which it is not in her power to conquer. 1780 Newgate Cal. V. 154 The seduction was followed by very disagreeable consequences: the father reprobated his daughter. 2. a. transitive. To disapprove of, censure, condemn. In early use frequently in past participle. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disapproval > dispraise or discommendation > dispraise or discommend [verb (transitive)] > censure or condemn bidemea1200 convictc1366 reprovea1382 damnc1386 condemna1400 deema1400 saya1400 judgec1400 reprehendc1400 reproacha1475 reprobate?a1475 arguec1475 controlc1525 twit1543 perstringe1549 tax1569 traduce1581 carp1591 censure1605 convince?1606 syndic1609 syndicate1610 to check at1642 reprimand1660 impeach1813 to stroke over1822 ?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1876) VI. 407 (MED) Sergius..beynge a cardinalle diacon and reprobate [L. reprobatus] by Formosus the pope, wente to Fraunce. ?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1882) VIII. 259 (MED) Gregory..approbate certeyne of the ordres of beggers..and somme he reprobate [a1387 J. Trevisa tr. reproved; L. reprobavit]. 1607 J. Carpenter Plaine Mans Spirituall Plough 36 So those Scribes..were rejected..and their workes reprobated. 1671 R. McWard True Non-conformist 145 It was not only not introduced, but plainly reprobate by our Lord and his Apostles. 1752 W. Law Spirit of Love (1816) ii. 129 For nothing is reprobated in Cain, but that very same which is reprobated in Abel. 1787 G. Winter New Syst. Husbandry 205 His neighbours reprobated his method of proceeding. 1800 C. Lamb in Lett. C. & M. A. Lamb (1975) I. 199 It seems the Doctor is invariably against the use of broken or mixed metaphor, which he reprobates against the authority of Shakspeare himself. 1850 W. Irving Mahomet (1853) vii. 36 He reprobated what he termed the heresies of his nephew. 1882 J. B. Stallo Concepts Mod. Physics 57 The ‘assumption’ of universal attraction is reprobated as an ‘absurdity’ by James Croll. 1903 Westm. Gaz. 12 Feb. 2/3 Telling tales is reprobated by English public-school boys. 1935 Lady Rockley Wild Flowers Great Dominions Brit. Empire 5 There are tracts in South Australia covered with the common British Viper's Bugloss..but there it is a noxious weed, reprobated by the local name of ‘Salvation Jane’. 1987 I. Finlayson Scots (1988) xii. 215 The Presbyterian conscience reprobated drink, but the natural gaiety of the Celtic Scot required whisky. †b. transitive. To abhor to do a thing. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > wish or inclination > unwillingness > be unwilling [verb (intransitive)] nillOE loathea1200 to make it tough1297 forthinka1300 reckc1300 ruea1400 to make (it) strangec1405 to make strangenessc1407 stick1418 resistc1425 to make (it) strange?1456 steek1478 tarrowc1480 doubt1483 sunyie1488 to make (it) nice1530 stay1533 shentc1540 to make courtesy (at)1542 to make it scrupulous1548 to think (it) much1548 to make dainty of (anything)1555 to lie aback1560 stand1563 steek1573 to hang back1581 erch1584 to make doubt1586 to hang the groin1587 to make scruple (also a, no, etc., scruple)1589 yearn1597 to hang the winga1601 to make squeamish1611 smay1632 bogglea1638 to hang off1641 waver1643 reluct1648 shy1650 reluctate1655 stickle1656 scruple1660 to make boggle1667 revere1689 begrudge1690 to have scruples1719 stopc1738 bitch1777 reprobate1779 crane1823 disincline1885 1779 Earl of Malmesbury Diaries & Corr. I. 236 His Prussian Majesty has..perhaps employed means we should reprobate to make use of. †3. intransitive. To utter reproaches; to rail against someone or something. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > malediction > [verb (intransitive)] > abuse, scold, or wrangle chidec1175 to say or speak (a, no, etc.) villainy1303 scold1377 revilea1460 raila1470 fare1603 extirp1605 camp1606 callet1620 oblatrate1623 cample1628 objurgate1642 reprobate1698 slang1828 vituperate1856 to shoot one's mouth off1864 1698 S. Crisp Christ Exalted 100 He reprobated exceedingly against Israel. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1532adj.?a1425v.c1451
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