单词 | renegade |
释义 | renegaden.adj. A. n. 1. A person who renounces his or her faith; an apostate; (in early use) spec. a Christian who converts to Islam. Cf. renegado n. 2. ΘΚΠ society > faith > aspects of faith > apostasy > [noun] > person apostate1340 postatea1387 relapse1407 pervert1501 reneganta1525 runagate1530 reniant1532 backfaller1545 apostatrice1551 turn-tippet?1556 runaway1561 faller-away1564 reneger?1577 renegado1584 backslider1591 retrospicientc1600 relapser1608 renegade1611 runagado1614 runagade1670 fallaway1673 lapser1695 faller-out1964 1611 J. Florio Queen Anna's New World of Words Rinegato,..a renegade, a foresworne man, or one that hath renounced his religion or country. 1623 T. Jackson Raging Tempest Stilled 60 And for this purpose I alledge the Testimonie of one of their owne, (whom I doe not name for honour, being such a wretched, and faithlesse Hypocrite and Renegade). 1662 J. Heath in Pagitt's Heresiogr. (new ed.) Ep. Ded. J. Frederick sig. π3v Some of the watchmen ought to have been watched themselvs, who..in conclusion run over and turned renegads. 1702 W. J. tr. C. de Bruyn Voy. Levant xxv. 107 The Janizaries..compos'd partly of Tributary Children, and partly of voluntary Renegades. 1712 R. Blackmore Creation Pref. p. xx Renegades and Deserters of Heaven, who renounce their God for the Favour of Men. 1814 R. Southey Roderick viii. 103 How best they might evade The Moor, and renegade's more watchful eye. 1816 Ld. Byron Siege Corinth xxvii. 46 Unanealed he passed away,..To the last a renegade. 1873 S. Smiles Huguenots in France i. vii. 147 Like all renegades, he was a bitter and furious persecutor. 1899 S. M. A. Dill Rom. Soc. in Last Cent. of Western Empire (ed. 2) iii. 38 A law of 409 directed..Jovius, to take the severest measures against those renegades who were adopting the superstition of the Heaven-worshippers. 1922 W. S. Davis Short Hist. Near East i. iv. 45 Persian and Armenian refugees, Arabic renegades from Islam, and later many types of Slav and Turanian Turkomans always found in the Emperor a liberal paymaster. 1963 E. Sordo Moorish Spain 18 Among the Moslems, the Arab leaders, the soldiers, came first; then the Berbers; then the Christian renegades; and lastly the Mozarabs, Hispano-Romans who would not be converted to Islam. 2007 T. Blanning Pursuit of Glory vii. 358 The most serious damage was no longer inflicted by Protestant heretics;..it came from Catholic renegades such as Voltaire. 2. A person who deserts, betrays, or is disloyal to an organization, country, or set of principles; a turncoat, a traitor. Cf. renegado n. 1a. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > decision > irresolution or vacillation > reversal of or forsaking one's will or purpose > [noun] > desertion of one's party or principles > one who renay1340 apostate1362 renegatec1450 starter1519 reniant1532 changeling1539 rannigala1560 recreant1570 turncoat1570 renegado1573 start-away1574 off-faller?1575 start-back1579 departer1586 reneger1597 retrospicientc1600 runagadea1604 renegade1611 turn-tail1621 runagado1623 trip-coata1625 retrogredient1650 retrograde1651 tergiversator1716 rat1755 ratter1819 tergiversant1833 blackleg1844 strike-breaker1904 faller-out1964 1611 J. Florio Queen Anna's New World of Words Rinegato,..a renegade, a foresworne man, or one that hath renounced his religion or country. 1637 J. Shirley Young Admirall v. sig. K2 That double renegade, where is Cassandra? Off with her head, and his. 1665 T. Manley tr. H. Grotius De Rebus Belgicis 127 Not a few English turning Renegades, and being contemned by the Spaniard. 1751 Affecting Narr. H.M.S. Wager 31 For if these Renegades had formed such a Conspiracy, what hindered their accomplishing it? 1779 Ann. Reg. 1778 75/2 The dregs, or renegades of parties, brought into the highest and most responsible of stations. 1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. iv. 451 The renegade soon found a patron in the obdurate and revengeful James. 1872 C. Gibbon For King ii The past makes me seem in my own eyes, and in the eyes of others—a renegade. 1921 A. R. Williams Through Russ. Revol. vii. 103 In a storm of hoots, jeers and taunts of ‘Renegades! Traitors!’ from the proletarians, the intelligentsia pass out of the hall and out of the Revolution. 1993 Compass (Toronto, Ont.) Mar.–Apr. 35/1 He was denounced as a renegade, and wrote virtually nothing until his death in a gulag in 1940. 3. In extended use. a. A person who abandons or turns his or her back on an activity, way of life, etc. Usually with from, to. Now rare. ΚΠ 1636 T. Heywood Loves Maistresse iv. i. sig. I*4 Thou sinner to sence, and renegade to reason, dost thou blame length in any thing? 1691 W. Wollaston Design Part of Bk. Ecclesiastes 90 They, whom equal Sympathy did bind, And Sex perswades still to continue kind, Turn Renegades to love, and change their mind. 1700 D. Defoe Pacificator 4 M—n, a Renegade from Wit, came on And made a false Attack. 1817 T. Moore Lalla Rookh 690 Must he..be driven A renegade like me from Love and Heaven? 1855 C. Kingsley Westward Ho! ix. 158 There, on the stream bank, lay the two renegades from civilized life. 1919 R. Lynd Old & New Masters xxiii. 203 The bud is renegade to the tree, and the flower to the bud, and the fruit to the flower. b. A person who rejects authority and control or behaves in an unconventional manner; a rebel, a nonconformist. ΚΠ 1920 Dial May 662 The aesthetic renegade has the privilege of vitality. 1960 John o' London's 31 Mar. 384/3 An educated renegade..in the classic Raffles tradition. 1993 Independent on Sunday 17 Oct. (Review Suppl.) 70/1 Christopher Farr is something of a renegade in the rug world. 2006 Sight & Sound Sept. 18/3 Mann produced the ideal early 1980s hero, an ex-convict renegade who overcame the economic recession as well as new-age male expectations. B. adj. (attributive). 1. Having treacherously changed allegiance; rebel. Also in extended use. ΚΠ 1636 J. Taylor Brave Sea-fight 15 The ship was set on fire in the fight, which made the Pyrats forsake her..three of their Captaines being fugitive or Renegade Englishmen. 1691 J. Dryden King Arthur iii. 23 Thou miscreant Elf, thou Renegade Scout, So clean, so furbish'd, so renew'd in White, The Livery of our Foes. 1727 J. Arbuthnot Tables Anc. Coins 242 If the Roman Government subsisted now, they would have had renegade Seamen and Ship-wrights enough. 1832 M. Barney Biogr. Mem. Joshua Barney vii. 72 Interrupting the sentence which Barney was about to pronounce on his renegade associate. 1890 Cent. Mag. Aug. 618/2 This Lieutenant Barrett was an ignorant man, supposed to be a renegade Yankee, whose occupation was that of a ‘negro-driver’ before the war. 1904 F. S. Mathews Field Bk. Wild Birds & their Music 195 This Warbler according to Mr. Chapman is a renegade Dendroica who is indifferent to the wood. 1948 Life 6 Sept. 24/1 We might be more impressed with easy slander if certain organs of the Left ever impugned the credibility of such renegade Republicans as Harold Ickes and Henry Wallace. 2002 Toronto Metro 26 Sept. 03/2 With renegade troops controlling swathes of Ivory Coast, tension shot up with neighboring Burkina Faso. 2. Having abandoned one's religious beliefs; apostate; (also) characteristic of or characterized by apostasy. ΘΚΠ society > faith > aspects of faith > apostasy > [adjective] forraughtc1175 renayedc1380 apostate1382 apostasied1393 relapse?a1425 departed1439 renegate1488 retractive1509 apostatical1532 shrinking1535 apostatatec1540 runagate1558 apostatic1583 apostatous1588 collapsed1609 renegado1612 recreant1613 apotactical1615 apostatized1629 apostating1630 lapsed1638 apostated1642 apostatizing1652 renegade1664 diabolonian1682 backsliding1816 relapsing1864 backslidden1871 the mind > will > decision > irresolution or vacillation > reversal of or forsaking one's will or purpose > [adjective] renayedc1380 renegate1488 regenerate?1536 runagate1549 renegantc1550 turncoat1571 relenting1576 reneged1594 renegado1612 recreant1613 tergiversating1654 renegade1664 apostate1671 tergiversant1710 blackleg1767 revulsionary1817 tergiversated1831 tergiverse1852 tergiversatory1891 breakaway1934 walk-in1978 1664 P. Wyche tr. J. Freire de Andrade Life Dom John de Castro 193 Moors, Turks, Rumes, Coracos, and Renegade Christians, Germans, Venetians, Genuese, and French. 1734 G. Sale in tr. Koran To Rdr. p. viii Dressed up by a renegade Christian, slightly instructed in his new religion. 1769 W. Anderson Hist. France II. v. vi. 269 Instead of supposing that Selim needed a renegade Jew, and a buffoon from Lisbon, to instigate him to this enterprize [etc.]. 1837 R. Huish Hist. William the Fourth i. 36 Colonel Bude was a kind of renegade Catholic, and his religious principles were of that accommodating kind. 1870 J. R. Lowell Among my Bks. (1873) 1st Ser. 98 The renegade Christian must forswear the true Deity. 1936 R. Heppenstall Apol. for Dancing iv. 267 The America of Walt Whitman, entangled round a hot core of renegade Irish Catholicism. 1968 P. White Let. 18 Mar. (1994) x. 325 I am prejudiced by all the publicity from this rather revolting little bog-Irish almost priest married to a renegade nun. 1996 L. Lower in L. E. Smith & J. Rieder Changing Representations of Minorities 162 A pottery-producing hamlet peopled mainly by hidden Christians stubbornly clinging to their renegade faith. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022). renegadev. rare except in 19th cent. intransitive. To abandon one's religion, party, etc.; to become a renegade. Frequently with from. ΘΚΠ society > faith > aspects of faith > apostasy > be or become apostate [verb (intransitive)] renayc1300 to go backward1382 to fall awayc1384 to stand behindc1475 to turn (one's) tippet1546 relapse1563 backslide1581 apostate1596 apostatize1611 renegade1611 apostasize1696 renegado1731 renege1744 the mind > will > decision > irresolution or vacillation > reversal of or forsaking one's will or purpose > reverse or abandon one's purpose [verb (intransitive)] > desert one's party or principles declinec1374 starta1450 revert?a1525 to fall away1535 to turn (one's) tippet1546 revolt1549 shrink1553 to turn one's coat1565 to come over1576 apostate1596 to change (one's) sides1596 defect1596 renegade1611 to change foot1618 to run over1643 to face about1645 apostatize1648 tergiverse1675 tergiversate1678 desert1689 apostasize1696 renegado1731 rat1810 to cross the floor1822 turncoat1892 to take (the) soup1907 turn1977 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Maranisé, marranized, renegaded. 1716 M. Davies Athenæ Britannicæ II. 316 Which last [rivalling] both High and Low, do Precaution themselves against..more than against their Converts Renegading or Starving. 1811 Eclectic Rev. Sept. 833 More than usual, it is said, have lately renegaded, especially among the subjects of the Sicilian king. 1859 Daily Evening Bull. (San Francisco) 24 Jan. The parties from which its author has at different times renegaded. 1861 G. Meredith Evan Harrington III. xv. 236 That was before he renegaded. 1893 C. G. Leland Memoirs II. 140 Johnson had renegaded from the Confederacy. 1903 E. T. Seton Two Little Savages iii. iii. 270 His ‘Paw’ was too near to prevent his renegading to the Indians. 1981 N. C. O'Brien We shall rise Again viii. 109 He has renegaded from this and renegaded from that. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < |
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