单词 | relegate |
释义 | † relegaten. Roman History. Obsolete. A person who has been relegated (relegate v. 1); a (temporary) exile.Chiefly in translations of Latin. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabitant > exile > [noun] wretchc888 flemeOE outflemec1300 exilec1330 flemingc1374 exulatec1470 relegate?c1550 exul1573 fugitivea1616 deportee1895 dépaysé1909 déraciné1921 ?c1550 tr. P. Vergil Eng. Hist. (1846) I. iv. 186 He banished this springehole [= springald, i.e. young man] as relagate in Fraunce. 1698 tr. A.-N. Amelot de La Houssaie in tr. Tacitus Ann. & Hist. II. iv. xl. 72 Relegation was not properly an Exile; because the Relegate did not lose the Rights of Citizens, which the Persons Exiled did. 1726 N. Bailey in Ovid Tristium Libri Quinque v. xi. 246 I am not a banished Man, but a relegate, which is less infamous. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2009; most recently modified version published online December 2020). † relegateadj. Obsolete (archaic in later use). Used as past participle: exiled, relegated. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabiting temporarily > exile or state of > [adjective] flemedc1275 fugitivec1384 exileda1398 relegatec1425 banished1578 self-exiled1596 relegated1611 deporteda1632 exulant1636 ejected1649 exterminated1694 expatriated1768 expatriate1812 dépaysé1909 déraciné1921 c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) iv. 5484 For his iniquite He was..relegat oute of Troye toun Perpetuelly. a1538 A. Abell Roit or Quheill of Tyme f. 116, in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue at Relegate Tha at wes religait in Ingland come hame in Scotland. a1538 W. Holme Fall & Euill Successe Rebellion (1572) sig. D.iij The Lapidous sinagoge procript & relegate. 1685 W. Clark Grand Tryal i. 1 As Criminals, by Sentence relegate, For many years, did..Earn a poor Living in a forraign soyl. a1699 J. Kirkton Secret & True Hist. Church Scotl. (1817) 209 Because of cold and bad accommodation, he fell sick; yet there he continued till he was relegate to Shetland. 1868 R. Browning Ring & Bk. II. iv. 55 For the priest, spritely strayer out of bounds,..Let him be relegate to Civita. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2009; most recently modified version published online December 2020). relegatev. 1. a. transitive. To send (a person) into exile, to banish to a particular place; spec. (Roman History) to sentence to relegation (relegation n. 1). ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabiting temporarily > exile or state of > exile [verb (transitive)] flemeOE forbana1250 exilec1330 forbanishc1450 banish1485 expel1490 exulate1535 vanquishc1540 relegate1561 extirpate1566 exul1568 seclude1572 confine1577 bandon1592 dispossess1600 vent1609 expose1632 deporta1641 disterr1645 transport1666 releage1691 expatriate1817 1561 T. Paynell tr. N. Hanapus Ensamples Vertue & Vice v. sig. D Ihon the Apostle beinge relegated and exiled into the Isle of Pathmos, was manye and diuers tymes comforted. 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Releguer, to relegate, banish, exile. 1628 tr. P. Matthieu Powerfull Favorite 84 That was too gentle to satisfie the cruelty of Tiberius,..onely relegating the culpable out of Rome. 1774 Ld. Kames Sketches Hist. Man (1807) II. ii. iii. 83 To be relegated to his country-seat, is, to a gentleman of rank, more terrible than a capital punishment. 1818 H. Bankes Civil & Constit. Hist. Rome II. xxxiii. 355 Relegated to Circeii, but brought occasionally, as if in mockery, to Rome and forced into the senate house, he dragged on an inglorious existence. 1862 C. Merivale Hist. Romans under Empire VII. lxii. 181 Nor is it clear that Dion Chrysostomus was actually relegated to the Ister. 1873 H. B. Tristram Land of Moab xiv. 264 The fortress to which Herod relegated his wife. 1901 Times 25 May 7/3 On January 16, 1883, he was relegated to the Island of Ceylon. 1925 A. J. Whyte Early Life & Lett. Cavour 48 He was relegated to the fortress of Bard in the Val d'Aosta. 2005 Oxf. Dict. Classical World (Electronic text) at Ovid By AD 8 he was the leading poet of Rome. In that year he was suddenly relegated by Augustus to Tomis. ΘΚΠ the world > space > distance > distance or farness > remain at or remove to a distance [verb (reflexive)] far?c1225 relegate1599 1599 T. Nashe Lenten Stuffe 8 The sands..would no more liue vnder the yoke of the Sea..but clearely quitted, disterminated and relegated themselues from his inflated Capriciousnesse. 1685 R. Boyle Reconcileableness Spec. Med. to Corpusc. Philos. 130 The Mass of Blood, and particularly that deprav'd Portion of it, that Nature relegates to such distant Parts as the Hemorrhoidal Veins. 2. In extended use. a. transitive. To consign (a person or thing) to some unimportant or obscure position, or to a particular role, esp. one of inferiority. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > damage to reputation > degrading or debasement > degrade [verb (transitive)] > consign to inferior position to put behindc1380 relegate1752 1752 tr. C. P. Duclos Mem. Manners Present Age I. 43 The title [of Rake] is almost become extinct at Court;..it is now relegated into subaltern Classes or Country Places. 1790 E. Burke Refl. Revol. in France 153 We have not relegated religion (like something we were ashamed to shew) to obscure municipalities or rustic villages. View more context for this quotation 1865 Daily Tel. 16 Nov. 7/7 The various ‘bills’ that have..been relegated to the dust of official pigeon-holes. 1877 W. Black Green Pastures (1878) xviii. 147 She would do her best in the sphere to which she had been relegated. 1924 Times 30 Oct. 14/5 The Liberal candidates have been treated in many constituencies almost with disdain, and often relegated to the lowest place. 1975 E. Dunlop Robinsheugh ix. 77 When new things were bought for the sitting-room, old things were relegated to the bedrooms. 1993 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 6 June i. 12 The Balkans are dominated by patriarchal societies, in which men dictate morality and women are relegated to the home. b. transitive. To consign (a subject, etc.) to some (esp. inferior) province, sphere, domain, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > existence > materiality > immateriality > immaterial [verb (transitive)] > consign to a sphere or domain relegate1835 1835 A. Kaufman tr. G. F. Bockshammer Freedom of Human Will 173 The idea..was relegated from the sphere of Divine intelligence, to the atmosphere of human sense. 1866 R. W. Dale Disc. Special Occasions viii. 275 To relegate the intellect to inferior provinces of thought. 1875 B. Jowett in tr. Plato Dialogues (ed. 2) IV. 406 If occasionally we come across difficulties..we relegate some of them to the sphere of mystery. 1878 G. F. Maclear Celts iv. 47 To the domain of legend..we must also relegate the tradition. 1973 C. Sagan Cosmic Connection 43 [Stories] quite fashionable in some UFO enthusiast circles, of sexual contact between human and saucerian..must be relegated to the realm of improbable fantasy. 2003 Brit. Jrnl. Sociol. Educ. 24 348 This..tends towards relegating the sociology of education to a subsection of academic sociology. c. transitive. To assign or refer (a thing) to a class or kind. ΚΠ 1863 Med. Times & Gaz. 14 Mar. 261/1 Some zoologists even have been anxious to relegate the sponges to the vegetable kingdom. 1874 A. H. Sayce Princ. Compar. Philol. v. 206 The comparative study of the Basque numerals has relegated them to the Finnic family. 1905 Trans. Amer. Microsc. Soc. 1904 26 135 I cannot accept the Flagellata as a plant group, and while admitting their relationship to plants, would relegate them to the animal kingdom. 1929 G. P. Merrill Minerals from Earth & Sky i. iv. 62 Dust collected from the Chilean Cordilleras [was]..on account of the mineral composition, relegated to a cosmic..source. 1974 Trans. Amer. Microsc. Soc. 93 144 Although some vitelline follicles and ovarian lobes protrude slightly..the majority do not, thus relegating this species to the family Caryophyllaeidae. 2000 C. Tavris in M. S. Kimmel & A. Aronson Gendered Society Reader 32 It has polarized the discourse between men and women, relegating to men's ‘inherent abilities’ the..capacities of reason..and politics, and to women's ‘special nature’ the..qualities of..connection and care. d. transitive. Sport (esp. Association Football). To demote (a team) to a lower division of a league. Cf. earlier relegation n. 3. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > winning, losing, or scoring > win, lose, or score [verb (transitive)] > transfer (team) to lower division relegate1899 society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > football > association football > play association football [verb (transitive)] > promote or relegate relegate1899 promote1924 1899 Times 30 Oct. 7/1 Sheffield Wednesday, who have an unbeaten record in the second division of the League to which they were relegated last season. 1913 Times 28 Apr. 12/5 Norwich County..will..be relegated to the Second Division next season. 1934 Times 7 May 4/5 Everton, when they were relegated for the first time in their history, climbed back immediately. 1991 Sc. Rugby Feb. 37/1 Unfortunately the club did badly the following year and were relegated to Division 3. 2003 J. Mullaney We'll be Back 9 What's going on, I wondered, we've just been relegated and yet everyone's having a laugh! 3. a. transitive. To refer (a matter) to some authority for decision. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > advice > advise [verb (transitive)] > ask advice of or seek counsel from > refer (a matter, etc.) to a higher authority submitc1449 refer1469 defer1490 reject1533 to put over1573 revoke1599 consult1618 compromise1651 subcommit1652 relegate1846 1846 H. Rogers in Edinb. Rev. July 25 Affirming that that faith to which..the appeal is sure to be ultimately relegated, is a faith entirely without reason. 1884 Law Rep.: Chancery Div. 25 282 Where there is an agreement, the whole matter ought to be at once relegated to the Taxing Master. 1923 Times 26 Oct. 13/7 The final decision about Gallipoli was to be relegated to a Conference to be held in Paris a few days later. 1952 Times 24 Apr. 7/1 The proposals of the French and other Continental countries for a federation of Europe to which all matters of defence should be relegated. 2003 United Press Internat. Newswire (Nexis) 29 Jan. Decision-making authority should not be assumed by or relegated to higher levels of authority when lower levels are competent to decide. b. transitive. To commit or hand over (a thing) to another to carry out or deal with. Cf. delegate v. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > inaction > not doing > abstaining or refraining from action > abstain or refrain from (action) [verb (transitive)] > leave to another to deal with > refer to another to deal with remit?a1425 refer1572 relegate1847 society > authority > delegated authority > investing with delegated authority > vest authority in a person [verb (transitive)] > commit to another to deal with relinquish1547 repose?1548 post1563 relegate1869 1847 Times 10 Apr. 7/3 The French Government might safely relegate some of its minor functions to municipal bodies. 1864 F. C. Bowen Treat. Logic ii. 35 The discussion of it is, therefore, relegated to treatises on that science of which it forms a part. 1869 W. E. H. Lecky Hist. European Morals II. iv. 43 The later inquisitors, who relegated the execution of the sentence to the civil power. 1872 J. Yeats Techn. Hist. Commerce 427 Men, seeking to escape the drudgery of manual labour, have relegated toil to the captive and the slave. 1942 Times 22 Apr. 2/5 It would be of advantage if many of the services placed under their charge could be relegated to Standing Committees of the Council. 1978 Maledicta 2 69 Menial medical procedures..usually relegated to the least senior member of the medical team. 2008 Boston Globe (Nexis) 24 Feb. b2 Real-life workers standing in tollbooths, handing out ticket stubs.., a task relegated to machines more than 40 years ago in some states. c. transitive. To turn over or refer (a person) for something to some person or thing. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > advice > advise [verb (transitive)] > ask advice of or seek counsel from > refer (a person) to a higher authority sendc1449 consult1618 demit1646 relegate1870 1870 B. Disraeli Lothair II. x. 90 She would..have been relegated for amusement, during her visit, to the attentions of the dark sex. 1883 Contemp. Rev. 43 274 Failing such means of knowledge, we are relegated for information..to incidental statements..of the historians. 1942 Ann. Digest & Rep. Public Internat. Law 9 142 (note) By the latter decision, the United States was relegated, for the assertion of its claim, to the appropriate forum where the funds were held. Derivatives ˈrelegated adj. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabiting temporarily > exile or state of > [adjective] flemedc1275 fugitivec1384 exileda1398 relegatec1425 banished1578 self-exiled1596 relegated1611 deporteda1632 exulant1636 ejected1649 exterminated1694 expatriated1768 expatriate1812 dépaysé1909 déraciné1921 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Relegué, relegated, banished, exiled. 1692 A. Wood Life & Times (1894) III. 390 Dr. Byrom Eaton resign'd his principality of Gloc. Hall, after it had laid in a religated condition several yeares. 1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Relegation In Rome Relegation was a less severe Punishment than Deportation, in that the relegated Person did not thereby lose the Rights of a Roman Citizen. 1868 R. Browning Ring & Bk. II. vi. 250 I am, on earth, as good as out of it, A relegated priest. 1954 Times 16 Sept. 2 [Liverpool's] opening difficulties as a relegated team in the second division. 2008 People (Nexis) 6 Apr. 60 [He] has told his relegated players to finish their nightmare season..by avoiding the unwanted record of being the worst ever Premier League team. ˈrelegating n. and adj. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > damage to reputation > degrading or debasement > [adjective] vile1297 derogative1477 derogatory1502 vild1568 derogatoriousa1575 lessening1592 dishonoured1608 indignous1611 derogant1616 unmanning1625 infimatinga1641 prostituting1646 embasing1652 menial1673 degrading1684 debasing1775 vilifying1781 degradatory1783 dishonouring1843 relegating1872 demeaning1880 1872 Fraser's Mag. 6 755 Increase in liberality..means the relegating of some things hitherto placed under the category of faith to the category of knowledge. 1887 H. James Partial Portraits (1888) 31 Such a revision of Emerson has no relegating consequences. 1997 R. T. Golembiewski & J. Rabin Public Budgeting & Finance (rev. ed.) iii. 270 This may be convenient to the relegating authority, but it constitutes no constitutional principle. 2008 NewsRx Health (Nexis) 2 Nov. 45 Right or wrong, the automatic relegating of multiracial people to one racial category is very much a part of American history. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2009; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.?c1550adj.c1425v.1561 |
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