单词 | reiter |
释义 | reitern.1 Now historical. A soldier belonging to a German or German-style cavalry unit of the 16th and 17th centuries. Cf. reister n.Reiters were lightly armoured and manoeuvrable and were usually armed with pistols and a sword. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > warrior > soldier > soldier by branch of army > [noun] > mounted soldier > others jousterc1330 knight1489 rutter1506 reister1521 reiter1556 ruiter1579 hargulater1581 lancer1590 lance1602 rutar1610 dragon1620 dragoon1622 right-hand man1626 dragooner1639 leaguerer1639 deli1667 Light Dragoon1700 uhlan1753 sabre1836 parachutist1837 sabreur1845 yellow leg1857 spahi1863 horse-marine1878 uhlaner1886 1556 J. Brett in Trans. Royal Hist. Soc. (1897) 11 130 A Riter kneght and his men by all likelyhod redy for hyer to do any mischief sholde haue rydde me oute of the way... And albeit I soughte diuerse wayes howe to have bene rydde of the Ryters company yet colde I not be shefted thereof. 1584 Cal. Hatfield MSS. 85 The repaiement of certaine monney owinge to him for the intelligence of the Reyters. 1617 F. Moryson Itinerary i. 32 When the Fayres of Franckfort draw neere, they send out certaine Reyters, that is Horsemen..which conduct the Merchants and their goods out of the Frontiers. 1670 C. Cotton tr. G. Girard Hist. Life Duke of Espernon i. ii. 46 The Reiters which he had rais'd in Germany could not come to him. 1728 E. Chambers Cycl. Reitters, an antient Title given the German Cavalry. 1820 A. Ranken Hist. France VII. 19 Not a man of the Reiters or German infantry was spared. 1856 R. A. Vaughan Hours with Mystics (1860) I. 257 A retinue of forty reiters is a moderate attendance for a prelate out on a visitation. 1921 J. Buchan Path of King (1923) vii. 159 The Guisards and their reiters and a pack of 'prentices maddened by sermons. 1957 V. G. Kiernan in T. Aston Crisis in Europe (1970) v. 129 They themselves, mostly gentlemen-cavalry, hired Landsknechts and others to make up infantry, as well as numbers of the disorderly Reiter. 2002 J. Tincey Ironsides 8 Faced with a formed body of pikemen the reiter would ride into pistol range at a slow pace... A well-trained body of reiter could maintain their fire until the pike formation began to break up due to casualties. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022). Reitern.2 Medicine. 1. Reiter's disease n. = Reiter's syndrome n. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > bacterial or viral disorders > [noun] > bacterial disorders endemic syphilis1865 Oroya fever1873 verruga1873 Weil's disease1889 undulant fever1896 pasteurellosis1902 microbism1904 spirillosis1904 spirochaetosis1906 necrobacillosis1907 melioidosis1921 Reiter's disease1922 rickettsiosis1925 leptospirosis1926 Carrion's disease1927 treponematosis1927 bartonellosis1928 brucellosis1930 mycobacteriosis1938 listerellosis1939 listeriosis1941 shigellosis1944 Reiter's syndrome1947 Shigella dysentery1963 pigbel1966 mud fever1969 Lyme arthritis1976 toxic shock syndrome1978 legionellosis1979 TSS1980 1922 T. L. Stedman Pract. Med. Dict. (U.S. ed. 7) 859/2 Reiter's disease, a fever of a more or less remittent type, lasting about seventeen days, accompanied with pains in the joints, conjunctivitis, [etc.]. 1946 Jrnl. Infectious Dis. 79 134 (heading) The possible relationship of the pleuropneumonia-like organisms to Reiter's disease, rheumatoid arthritis and ulcerative colitis. 1972 C. B. S. Schofield Sexually Transmitted Dis. xvi. 183 Skin lesions..are found in about 10 per cent of patients with Reiter's disease. 1988 A. M. Silverstein Hist. Immunol. xi. 299 Some of these haplotype–disease associations involved the A, B, and C loci (e.g., A3 and B14 with idiopathic hemochromatosis; B27 with ankylosing spondylitis and Reiter's disease). 2. Reiter's syndrome n. a condition characterized by the association of arthritis, urethritis, and inflammation of the eyes and skin, most commonly affecting young men, and believed to occur as a reaction to infection, esp. of the genito-urinary or gastrointestinal tract. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > bacterial or viral disorders > [noun] > bacterial disorders endemic syphilis1865 Oroya fever1873 verruga1873 Weil's disease1889 undulant fever1896 pasteurellosis1902 microbism1904 spirillosis1904 spirochaetosis1906 necrobacillosis1907 melioidosis1921 Reiter's disease1922 rickettsiosis1925 leptospirosis1926 Carrion's disease1927 treponematosis1927 bartonellosis1928 brucellosis1930 mycobacteriosis1938 listerellosis1939 listeriosis1941 shigellosis1944 Reiter's syndrome1947 Shigella dysentery1963 pigbel1966 mud fever1969 Lyme arthritis1976 toxic shock syndrome1978 legionellosis1979 TSS1980 1947 Amer. Jrnl. Med. 2 40/1 To confuse the differential diagnosis still further, there are such ill defined syndromes as fibrositis, palindromic rheumatism, Reiter's syndrome and what is sometimes referred to as ‘psychogenic rheumatism’. 1998 Economist 21 Mar. 125/3 The same bacteria also cause Reiter's syndrome, a disease whose victims suffer not only inflamed joints, but also inflammation of the eyes and the urinary tract. 2004 Independent 16 Nov. (Review section) 13/5 Some rheumatology textbooks..strongly discourage the use of the term Reiter's syndrome. We prefer to call the condition reactive arthritis, because it occurs as a reaction to an infection that occurs elsewhere in the body. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † reiterv. Obsolete. rare. transitive. = reiterate v.; to repeat. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > repeating > repeat (an action) [verb (transitive)] > repeat the use of reiterc1475 reiterate1580 the world > action or operation > repeating > repeat (an action) [verb (transitive)] renovela1325 reiterate?a1425 replicate?a1425 repeat?1440 iter1530 iterate?1548 redouble1580 redo1598 second1610 answer1613 renewa1616 ingeminate1625 reiter1634 double1645 reperform1651 rename1665 rehandle1697 retracta1699 rehearse1700 re-enact1819 c1475 ( Surg. Treat. in MS Wellcome 564 f. 60 (MED) It nediþ noon oþir cure but for to reiteren þe same medicyne as often tyme as it nediþ. 1577 J. Frampton tr. N. Monardes Three Bookes iii. f. 108v By reiteryng [printed reteiryng; 1580 reiterating] the wette Linnen clothe into the Balsamo it will bee healed. 1634 T. Jackson Knowledg of Christ Jesus vii. xxiii The same practise you have reitered against St. Stephen. 1710 H. Chamberlen tr. F. Mauriceau Dis. Women with Child (ed. 4) 32 If, reitering the same Endeavours the eighth Month, he be born, he is thereby so weakned, that he seldom lives. 1726 D. Derodon Funeral of Mass 91 But the Sacrifice of Jesus Christ must not be reitered. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2009; most recently modified version published online December 2020). < n.11556n.21922v.c1475 |
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