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单词 reiter
释义

reitern.1

Brit. /ˈrʌɪtə/, U.S. /ˈraɪdər/
Inflections: Plural reiters, unchanged.
Forms: 1500s riter, 1500s ryter, 1500s–1600s reyter, 1600s raiter, 1600s– reiter, 1700s reitter.
Origin: A borrowing from German. Etymon: German Reiter.
Etymology: < German Reiter rider n. Compare earlier reister n., and also ritter n.
Now historical.
A soldier belonging to a German or German-style cavalry unit of the 16th and 17th centuries. Cf. reister n.Reiters were lightly armoured and manoeuvrable and were usually armed with pistols and a sword.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > warrior > soldier > soldier by branch of army > [noun] > mounted soldier > others
jousterc1330
knight1489
rutter1506
reister1521
reiter1556
ruiter1579
hargulater1581
lancer1590
lance1602
rutar1610
dragon1620
dragoon1622
right-hand man1626
dragooner1639
leaguerer1639
deli1667
Light Dragoon1700
uhlan1753
sabre1836
parachutist1837
sabreur1845
yellow leg1857
spahi1863
horse-marine1878
uhlaner1886
1556 J. Brett in Trans. Royal Hist. Soc. (1897) 11 130 A Riter kneght and his men by all likelyhod redy for hyer to do any mischief sholde haue rydde me oute of the way... And albeit I soughte diuerse wayes howe to have bene rydde of the Ryters company yet colde I not be shefted thereof.
1584 Cal. Hatfield MSS. 85 The repaiement of certaine monney owinge to him for the intelligence of the Reyters.
1617 F. Moryson Itinerary i. 32 When the Fayres of Franckfort draw neere, they send out certaine Reyters, that is Horsemen..which conduct the Merchants and their goods out of the Frontiers.
1670 C. Cotton tr. G. Girard Hist. Life Duke of Espernon i. ii. 46 The Reiters which he had rais'd in Germany could not come to him.
1728 E. Chambers Cycl. Reitters, an antient Title given the German Cavalry.
1820 A. Ranken Hist. France VII. 19 Not a man of the Reiters or German infantry was spared.
1856 R. A. Vaughan Hours with Mystics (1860) I. 257 A retinue of forty reiters is a moderate attendance for a prelate out on a visitation.
1921 J. Buchan Path of King (1923) vii. 159 The Guisards and their reiters and a pack of 'prentices maddened by sermons.
1957 V. G. Kiernan in T. Aston Crisis in Europe (1970) v. 129 They themselves, mostly gentlemen-cavalry, hired Landsknechts and others to make up infantry, as well as numbers of the disorderly Reiter.
2002 J. Tincey Ironsides 8 Faced with a formed body of pikemen the reiter would ride into pistol range at a slow pace... A well-trained body of reiter could maintain their fire until the pike formation began to break up due to casualties.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

Reitern.2

Brit. /ˈrʌɪtə/, U.S. /ˈraɪdər/
Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Reiter.
Etymology: < the name of Hans Reiter (1881–1969), German bacteriologist, who described the condition in 1916 ( Deutsche med. Wochenschr. 14 Dec. 1535).
Medicine.
1. Reiter's disease n. = Reiter's syndrome n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > bacterial or viral disorders > [noun] > bacterial disorders
endemic syphilis1865
Oroya fever1873
verruga1873
Weil's disease1889
undulant fever1896
pasteurellosis1902
microbism1904
spirillosis1904
spirochaetosis1906
necrobacillosis1907
melioidosis1921
Reiter's disease1922
rickettsiosis1925
leptospirosis1926
Carrion's disease1927
treponematosis1927
bartonellosis1928
brucellosis1930
mycobacteriosis1938
listerellosis1939
listeriosis1941
shigellosis1944
Reiter's syndrome1947
Shigella dysentery1963
pigbel1966
mud fever1969
Lyme arthritis1976
toxic shock syndrome1978
legionellosis1979
TSS1980
1922 T. L. Stedman Pract. Med. Dict. (U.S. ed. 7) 859/2 Reiter's disease, a fever of a more or less remittent type, lasting about seventeen days, accompanied with pains in the joints, conjunctivitis, [etc.].
1946 Jrnl. Infectious Dis. 79 134 (heading) The possible relationship of the pleuropneumonia-like organisms to Reiter's disease, rheumatoid arthritis and ulcerative colitis.
1972 C. B. S. Schofield Sexually Transmitted Dis. xvi. 183 Skin lesions..are found in about 10 per cent of patients with Reiter's disease.
1988 A. M. Silverstein Hist. Immunol. xi. 299 Some of these haplotype–disease associations involved the A, B, and C loci (e.g., A3 and B14 with idiopathic hemochromatosis; B27 with ankylosing spondylitis and Reiter's disease).
2. Reiter's syndrome n. a condition characterized by the association of arthritis, urethritis, and inflammation of the eyes and skin, most commonly affecting young men, and believed to occur as a reaction to infection, esp. of the genito-urinary or gastrointestinal tract.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > bacterial or viral disorders > [noun] > bacterial disorders
endemic syphilis1865
Oroya fever1873
verruga1873
Weil's disease1889
undulant fever1896
pasteurellosis1902
microbism1904
spirillosis1904
spirochaetosis1906
necrobacillosis1907
melioidosis1921
Reiter's disease1922
rickettsiosis1925
leptospirosis1926
Carrion's disease1927
treponematosis1927
bartonellosis1928
brucellosis1930
mycobacteriosis1938
listerellosis1939
listeriosis1941
shigellosis1944
Reiter's syndrome1947
Shigella dysentery1963
pigbel1966
mud fever1969
Lyme arthritis1976
toxic shock syndrome1978
legionellosis1979
TSS1980
1947 Amer. Jrnl. Med. 2 40/1 To confuse the differential diagnosis still further, there are such ill defined syndromes as fibrositis, palindromic rheumatism, Reiter's syndrome and what is sometimes referred to as ‘psychogenic rheumatism’.
1998 Economist 21 Mar. 125/3 The same bacteria also cause Reiter's syndrome, a disease whose victims suffer not only inflamed joints, but also inflammation of the eyes and the urinary tract.
2004 Independent 16 Nov. (Review section) 13/5 Some rheumatology textbooks..strongly discourage the use of the term Reiter's syndrome. We prefer to call the condition reactive arthritis, because it occurs as a reaction to an infection that occurs elsewhere in the body.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

reiterv.

Forms: late Middle English reitere, 1500s–1700s reiter.
Origin: Either (i) a borrowing from French. Or (ii) a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French reiterer; Latin reiterare.
Etymology: < Middle French reiterer or its etymon post-classical Latin reiterare reiterate v. Compare earlier reiterate v., reiterate adj., reiteration n., and later iter v.
Obsolete. rare.
transitive. = reiterate v.; to repeat.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > repeating > repeat (an action) [verb (transitive)] > repeat the use of
reiterc1475
reiterate1580
the world > action or operation > repeating > repeat (an action) [verb (transitive)]
renovela1325
reiterate?a1425
replicate?a1425
repeat?1440
iter1530
iterate?1548
redouble1580
redo1598
second1610
answer1613
renewa1616
ingeminate1625
reiter1634
double1645
reperform1651
rename1665
rehandle1697
retracta1699
rehearse1700
re-enact1819
c1475 ( Surg. Treat. in MS Wellcome 564 f. 60 (MED) It nediþ noon oþir cure but for to reiteren þe same medicyne as often tyme as it nediþ.
1577 J. Frampton tr. N. Monardes Three Bookes iii. f. 108v By reiteryng [printed reteiryng; 1580 reiterating] the wette Linnen clothe into the Balsamo it will bee healed.
1634 T. Jackson Knowledg of Christ Jesus vii. xxiii The same practise you have reitered against St. Stephen.
1710 H. Chamberlen tr. F. Mauriceau Dis. Women with Child (ed. 4) 32 If, reitering the same Endeavours the eighth Month, he be born, he is thereby so weakned, that he seldom lives.
1726 D. Derodon Funeral of Mass 91 But the Sacrifice of Jesus Christ must not be reitered.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2009; most recently modified version published online December 2020).
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