refusenikn.

Brit.

/rᵻˈfjuːznɪk/, U.S.

/rəˈfjuznɪk/,

/riˈfjuznɪk/

Forms: 1900s– refusenick, 1900s– refusenik, 1900s– refusnick, 1900s– refusnik, 1900s– refuzenik, 1900s– refuznik.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation; modelled on a Russian lexical item. Etymons: refuse v.¹, -nik suffix.

Etymology: < refuse v.¹ + -nik suffix, after Russian otkaznik Jew who was refused permission to emigrate (1970 or earlier), person who refuses to do military service (late 20th cent. or earlier; < otkazat′ to refuse (Old Russian ot″kazati ) + -nik -nik suffix).

1. In the Soviet Union: a Jewish person who was refused permission to emigrate, esp. to Israel. Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > ethnicities > division of mankind by physical characteristics > Semite > [noun] > Jew > of specific area

the Dispersion1382

Oriental Jew1659

diaspora1694

Polack1834

Ashkenazim1839

Hebraist1892

Litvak1892

Peruvian Jew1897

Tudesco1897

halutzim1921

Yemenite1926

Ostjuden1934

Sabra1945

Yekke1950

refusenik1973

1973 Times 15 Aug. 15/7 Let us not forget that Soviet official hostile attitude towards ‘refusniks’ endangers every day of their harassed life.

1980 Jewish Chron. 18 July 18/1 The dissidents languishing in exile,..and the refuseniks cut off from family and friends and..from their sources of livelihood.

1995 Gazette (Montreal) 9 Apr. c3 Cotler..is especially known for tackling the Soviet judicial system on behalf of dissidents and refuseniks.

2008 N. Daniloff Of Spies & Spokesmen xxvii. 319 Some..were ‘refuseniks’—people who sought to emigrate but had been denied permission; the others were friends of refuseniks but still in good standing in Soviet society.

2. colloquial. A person who refuses to do something, esp. as a protest.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > lack of subjection > rebelliousness > militancy > [noun] > militant person > protester or demonstrator

protestator1468

protester1827

demonstrant1838

demonstrationist1838

demonstrator1838

protestor1854

marcher1908

refusenik1981

1981 N.Y. Times 13 June 22/3 He who might deign to prefer public transportation over the car as a matter of principle..is the ultimate refusenik, the true outcast.

1986 City Limits 10 Apr. 7 The 30 ‘refuseniks’ who would not go to Wapping have been joined by 50 people.

1995 New Yorker 8 May 95/1 Alceste..is probably the greatest refusenik in dramatic literature.

2004 Rep. on Business Apr. 10/1 As for those companies that chose not to provide the information we requested for this year's ranking: Please be warned that we'll out the refuseniks.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	refusenik
释义	refusenikn. Brit. /rᵻˈfjuːznɪk/, U.S. /rəˈfjuznɪk/, /riˈfjuznɪk/ Forms: 1900s– refusenick, 1900s– refusenik, 1900s– refusnick, 1900s– refusnik, 1900s– refuzenik, 1900s– refuznik. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation; modelled on a Russian lexical item. Etymons: refuse v.¹, -nik suffix. Etymology: < refuse v.¹ + -nik suffix, after Russian otkaznik Jew who was refused permission to emigrate (1970 or earlier), person who refuses to do military service (late 20th cent. or earlier; < otkazat′ to refuse (Old Russian ot″kazati ) + -nik -nik suffix). 1. In the Soviet Union: a Jewish person who was refused permission to emigrate, esp. to Israel. Now historical. ΘΚΠ the world > people > ethnicities > division of mankind by physical characteristics > Semite > [noun] > Jew > of specific area the Dispersion1382 Oriental Jew1659 diaspora1694 Polack1834 Ashkenazim1839 Hebraist1892 Litvak1892 Peruvian Jew1897 Tudesco1897 halutzim1921 Yemenite1926 Ostjuden1934 Sabra1945 Yekke1950 refusenik1973 1973 Times 15 Aug. 15/7 Let us not forget that Soviet official hostile attitude towards ‘refusniks’ endangers every day of their harassed life. 1980 Jewish Chron. 18 July 18/1 The dissidents languishing in exile,..and the refuseniks cut off from family and friends and..from their sources of livelihood. 1995 Gazette (Montreal) 9 Apr. c3 Cotler..is especially known for tackling the Soviet judicial system on behalf of dissidents and refuseniks. 2008 N. Daniloff Of Spies & Spokesmen xxvii. 319 Some..were ‘refuseniks’—people who sought to emigrate but had been denied permission; the others were friends of refuseniks but still in good standing in Soviet society. 2. colloquial. A person who refuses to do something, esp. as a protest. ΘΚΠ society > authority > lack of subjection > rebelliousness > militancy > [noun] > militant person > protester or demonstrator protestator1468 protester1827 demonstrant1838 demonstrationist1838 demonstrator1838 protestor1854 marcher1908 refusenik1981 1981 N.Y. Times 13 June 22/3 He who might deign to prefer public transportation over the car as a matter of principle..is the ultimate refusenik, the true outcast. 1986 City Limits 10 Apr. 7 The 30 ‘refuseniks’ who would not go to Wapping have been joined by 50 people. 1995 New Yorker 8 May 95/1 Alceste..is probably the greatest refusenik in dramatic literature. 2004 Rep. on Business Apr. 10/1 As for those companies that chose not to provide the information we requested for this year's ranking: Please be warned that we'll out the refuseniks. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1973
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