refulgentadj.

Brit.

/rᵻˈfʌldʒ(ə)nt/, U.S.

/rəˈfəldʒ(ə)nt/,

/riˈfəldʒ(ə)nt/

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French refulgent; Latin refulgent-, refulgēns.

Etymology: < Middle French refulgent (of a person, house, etc.) splendid, illustrious (a1472), (of the sun, etc.) shining, gleaming (1519) and its etymon classical Latin refulgent-, refulgēns, present participle of refulgēre to radiate light, shine brightly, to shine with reflected light, gleam, to be resplendent, to flash before the mind, to be conspicuous, stand out < re- re- prefix + fulgēre to shine (see fulgent adj.).

1. Shining with, or reflecting, a brilliant light; radiant, resplendent; gleaming, lustrous.In quot. 1509 as part of an extended metaphor.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > light > reflection > [adjective] > lustrous or shining with reflected light

browna1000

brightOE

cleara1300

slighta1300

burnedc1384

burnishedc1400

orientc1400

orientalc1450

sheeningc1480

refulgenta1500

silken1513

lustrantc1550

glossy1556

crisp1567

lustring1582

shiny1590

of shine1601

glossful1606

lustry1610

lustrousa1616

nitent1616

illustriousa1626

polished1649

lustrious1651

sheeny1673

shining1674

splendy1683

glazy1724

smolt1837

lustreful1843

lustred1858

sheened1920

a1500 Hymnal in R. S. Loomis Medieval Stud. in Memory G. S. Loomis (1927) 474 (MED) Thow verrey lyght, refulgent and schynynge, Owr wyttes..Illumyne, lorde.

1509 S. Hawes Pastime of Pleasure (1928) xi. 48 These poetes..Deuoyde our rudenes with grete fyry lemes Theyr centencyous verses are refulgent.

1598 J. Dickenson Greene in Conceipt 27 Haires of a goldlike hewe; (not purest gould so refulgent).

1635 F. Quarles Emblemes iv. ii. 194 Enrich mine eyes with thy refulgent Ray.

1661 J. Glanvill Vanity of Dogmatizing 238 The most refulgent colours are the result of light and shadows.

1702 R. Daniel Dream 12 Clad in refulgent Steel the Hero shines.

1788 J. Wesley Wks. (1872) VI. 292 There will be no clouds or fogs; but one bright, refulgent day.

1836 L. M. Child Philothea i. 9 The crest and spear of Pallas Promachos glittered in the refulgent atmosphere.

1864 Ld. Tennyson Milton 13 Some refulgent sunset of India.

a1894 R. L. Stevenson In South Seas (1896) ii. i. 153 By and by not only islands, but refulgent and revolving lights began to stud the darkness.

1943 L. Adamic My Native Land (ed. 3) 3 A moment later a boy and girl bounded into the refulgent shimmer.

1982 R. Davies High Spirits v. 44 The table was covered with a cloth of that refulgent bluey-whiteness that speaks of the finest linen.

2003 Daily Tel. (Nexis) 4 Oct. 4 The four revelatory watercolours..are not so much pictures of Venice as pictures of the idea of Venice, shimmering in the early morning or eerily refulgent in the sun.

2. figurative and in extended use in various contexts: resplendent, glorious, illustrious, sumptuous, etc.Formerly frequently applied eulogistically to a woman.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > beauty > splendour > [adjective] > radiant

shininga900

gladOE

steepa1000

lightsomea1382

freshlyc1426

prefulgentc1480

flagrant?a1500

radiant1509

glazed?1510

refulgent1528

bright-headeda1560

shone1595

tinsel1595

skinkling1790

epiphanous1823

foudroyant1860

1528 tr. Kalender of Shepeherdes sig. L.viii O ye knyghtes, refulgent in fortytude.

1536 Prymer Eng. & Lat. (STC 15993) f. 79^v Rejoyce, O floure of virgyns all In thyne honoure and grace especyall. Excedynge a thousande folde. The pryncypalyte of Aungelles eminent And the dygnyte of sayntes refulgent.

1602 J. Marston Hist. Antonio & Mellida ii. sig. D2 Bright and refulgent Ladie, daine your eare.

1624 F. Quarles Sions Elegies sig. C3 Sion, the glorie of whose refulgent Fame, Gaue Earnest of an euerlasting name.

1656 S. Holland Don Zara ii. vi. 118 Who wait upon the high-born, illustrious, and refulgent Maulkina.

1735 J. Hildebrand Wks. 88 Not Venus self on Dido's Coast Cou'd more refulgent Glory boast.

1789 R. Burns Let. 2 Apr. (1985) I. 391 Thou withered Sybill, my sage Conductress, usher me into the refulgent, adored Presence!

1790 ‘A. Pasquin’ Postscript to New Bath Guide 81 Refulgent nymph! by every Grace caress'd.

1821 P. B. Shelley Adonais v. 8 Others more sublime..Have sunk, extinct in their refulgent prime.

1841 C. Dickens Barnaby Rudge xxvii. 85 Bestowing upon the locksmith a most refulgent smile, he left them.

a1896 C. Patmore Poems (1906) 330 And those, most vile, who dress The charnel spectre drear Of utterly dishallow'd nothingness In that refulgent fame.

1933 ‘B. Ross’ Trag. of Z ix. 135 ‘You insist on reminding me of the refulgent past, blast you,’ murmured the old gentleman.

1968 L. Blanch Journey into Mind's Eye xv. 212 When at the end of the season the company vanished for the more refulgent ambiance of Monte-Carlo a certain bleakness descended on my spirits.

1980 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 30 Oct. c27/1 The orchestra..gave Mr. Kubelik refulgent tone and great enthusiasm throughout.

2007 Calgary (Alberta) Herald (Nexis) 12 Dec. a18 There were times when his refulgent intellect did not protect him from careless words or a journey down the wrong road.

Derivatives

reˈfulgently adv.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > light > intensity of light > [adverb] > brilliantly

resplendentlyc1487

breme1584

refulgently1626

fulgently1662

vividly1668

resplendidly1796

brilliantly1813

lucidly1820

vivida1821

1626 T. Hawkins tr. N. Caussin Holy Court I. 204 This Iewell..refulgently shining with the rayes of a constant equality of spirit.

1664 H. More Apol. in Modest Enq. Myst. Iniquity 501 How refulgently bright and glorious the bodies of the blessed are at the Resurrection.

1742 Temples Virtue & Pleasure 16 Virtue herself refulgently appear'd, High on a Throne of polish'd Iv'ry rear'd.

1843 E. Lees Bot. Malvern Hills 3 As autumn slowly approaches, the gorsy patches sparkle most refulgently.

1899 Scribner's Mag. June 674/2 Upon the surface of the roughened East River, the sunlight refulgently glistened.

1931 Musical Times 72 750/2 He is fond of rich, romantic colouring; his mass of tone glows refulgently.

1992 N. Hornby Fever Pitch 175 First Viv Anderson, scrappily, and then Niall, refulgently, scored to push the game into extra time.

2006 New Yorker 9 Jan. 17/2 James Levine, artfully slipping in a bit of modernism into a refulgently late-Romantic program, has invited Renée Fleming to sing Berg's ‘Altenberg Lieder’.

† refulgentness n. Obsolete rare Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries.

ΚΠ

1730 N. Bailey et al. Dictionarium Britannicum Refulgentness, brightness, splendor.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	refulgent
释义	refulgentadj. Brit. /rᵻˈfʌldʒ(ə)nt/, U.S. /rəˈfəldʒ(ə)nt/, /riˈfəldʒ(ə)nt/ Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French refulgent; Latin refulgent-, refulgēns. Etymology: < Middle French refulgent (of a person, house, etc.) splendid, illustrious (a1472), (of the sun, etc.) shining, gleaming (1519) and its etymon classical Latin refulgent-, refulgēns, present participle of refulgēre to radiate light, shine brightly, to shine with reflected light, gleam, to be resplendent, to flash before the mind, to be conspicuous, stand out < re- re- prefix + fulgēre to shine (see fulgent adj.). 1. Shining with, or reflecting, a brilliant light; radiant, resplendent; gleaming, lustrous.In quot. 1509 as part of an extended metaphor. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > light > reflection > [adjective] > lustrous or shining with reflected light browna1000 brightOE cleara1300 slighta1300 burnedc1384 burnishedc1400 orientc1400 orientalc1450 sheeningc1480 refulgenta1500 silken1513 lustrantc1550 glossy1556 crisp1567 lustring1582 shiny1590 of shine1601 glossful1606 lustry1610 lustrousa1616 nitent1616 illustriousa1626 polished1649 lustrious1651 sheeny1673 shining1674 splendy1683 glazy1724 smolt1837 lustreful1843 lustred1858 sheened1920 a1500 Hymnal in R. S. Loomis Medieval Stud. in Memory G. S. Loomis (1927) 474 (MED) Thow verrey lyght, refulgent and schynynge, Owr wyttes..Illumyne, lorde. 1509 S. Hawes Pastime of Pleasure (1928) xi. 48 These poetes..Deuoyde our rudenes with grete fyry lemes Theyr centencyous verses are refulgent. 1598 J. Dickenson Greene in Conceipt 27 Haires of a goldlike hewe; (not purest gould so refulgent). 1635 F. Quarles Emblemes iv. ii. 194 Enrich mine eyes with thy refulgent Ray. 1661 J. Glanvill Vanity of Dogmatizing 238 The most refulgent colours are the result of light and shadows. 1702 R. Daniel Dream 12 Clad in refulgent Steel the Hero shines. 1788 J. Wesley Wks. (1872) VI. 292 There will be no clouds or fogs; but one bright, refulgent day. 1836 L. M. Child Philothea i. 9 The crest and spear of Pallas Promachos glittered in the refulgent atmosphere. 1864 Ld. Tennyson Milton 13 Some refulgent sunset of India. a1894 R. L. Stevenson In South Seas (1896) ii. i. 153 By and by not only islands, but refulgent and revolving lights began to stud the darkness. 1943 L. Adamic My Native Land (ed. 3) 3 A moment later a boy and girl bounded into the refulgent shimmer. 1982 R. Davies High Spirits v. 44 The table was covered with a cloth of that refulgent bluey-whiteness that speaks of the finest linen. 2003 Daily Tel. (Nexis) 4 Oct. 4 The four revelatory watercolours..are not so much pictures of Venice as pictures of the idea of Venice, shimmering in the early morning or eerily refulgent in the sun. 2. figurative and in extended use in various contexts: resplendent, glorious, illustrious, sumptuous, etc.Formerly frequently applied eulogistically to a woman. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > beauty > splendour > [adjective] > radiant shininga900 gladOE steepa1000 lightsomea1382 freshlyc1426 prefulgentc1480 flagrant?a1500 radiant1509 glazed?1510 refulgent1528 bright-headeda1560 shone1595 tinsel1595 skinkling1790 epiphanous1823 foudroyant1860 1528 tr. Kalender of Shepeherdes sig. L.viii O ye knyghtes, refulgent in fortytude. 1536 Prymer Eng. & Lat. (STC 15993) f. 79^v Rejoyce, O floure of virgyns all In thyne honoure and grace especyall. Excedynge a thousande folde. The pryncypalyte of Aungelles eminent And the dygnyte of sayntes refulgent. 1602 J. Marston Hist. Antonio & Mellida ii. sig. D2 Bright and refulgent Ladie, daine your eare. 1624 F. Quarles Sions Elegies sig. C3 Sion, the glorie of whose refulgent Fame, Gaue Earnest of an euerlasting name. 1656 S. Holland Don Zara ii. vi. 118 Who wait upon the high-born, illustrious, and refulgent Maulkina. 1735 J. Hildebrand Wks. 88 Not Venus self on Dido's Coast Cou'd more refulgent Glory boast. 1789 R. Burns Let. 2 Apr. (1985) I. 391 Thou withered Sybill, my sage Conductress, usher me into the refulgent, adored Presence! 1790 ‘A. Pasquin’ Postscript to New Bath Guide 81 Refulgent nymph! by every Grace caress'd. 1821 P. B. Shelley Adonais v. 8 Others more sublime..Have sunk, extinct in their refulgent prime. 1841 C. Dickens Barnaby Rudge xxvii. 85 Bestowing upon the locksmith a most refulgent smile, he left them. a1896 C. Patmore Poems (1906) 330 And those, most vile, who dress The charnel spectre drear Of utterly dishallow'd nothingness In that refulgent fame. 1933 ‘B. Ross’ Trag. of Z ix. 135 ‘You insist on reminding me of the refulgent past, blast you,’ murmured the old gentleman. 1968 L. Blanch Journey into Mind's Eye xv. 212 When at the end of the season the company vanished for the more refulgent ambiance of Monte-Carlo a certain bleakness descended on my spirits. 1980 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 30 Oct. c27/1 The orchestra..gave Mr. Kubelik refulgent tone and great enthusiasm throughout. 2007 Calgary (Alberta) Herald (Nexis) 12 Dec. a18 There were times when his refulgent intellect did not protect him from careless words or a journey down the wrong road. Derivatives reˈfulgently adv. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > light > intensity of light > [adverb] > brilliantly resplendentlyc1487 breme1584 refulgently1626 fulgently1662 vividly1668 resplendidly1796 brilliantly1813 lucidly1820 vivida1821 1626 T. Hawkins tr. N. Caussin Holy Court I. 204 This Iewell..refulgently shining with the rayes of a constant equality of spirit. 1664 H. More Apol. in Modest Enq. Myst. Iniquity 501 How refulgently bright and glorious the bodies of the blessed are at the Resurrection. 1742 Temples Virtue & Pleasure 16 Virtue herself refulgently appear'd, High on a Throne of polish'd Iv'ry rear'd. 1843 E. Lees Bot. Malvern Hills 3 As autumn slowly approaches, the gorsy patches sparkle most refulgently. 1899 Scribner's Mag. June 674/2 Upon the surface of the roughened East River, the sunlight refulgently glistened. 1931 Musical Times 72 750/2 He is fond of rich, romantic colouring; his mass of tone glows refulgently. 1992 N. Hornby Fever Pitch 175 First Viv Anderson, scrappily, and then Niall, refulgently, scored to push the game into extra time. 2006 New Yorker 9 Jan. 17/2 James Levine, artfully slipping in a bit of modernism into a refulgently late-Romantic program, has invited Renée Fleming to sing Berg's ‘Altenberg Lieder’. † refulgentness n. Obsolete rare Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries. ΚΠ 1730 N. Bailey et al. Dictionarium Britannicum Refulgentness, brightness, splendor. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.a1500
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