refrigeratorn.

Brit.

/rᵻˈfrɪdʒəreɪtə/, U.S.

/rəˈfrɪdʒəˌreɪdər/,

/riˈfrɪdʒəˌreɪdər/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: refrigerate v., -or suffix.

Etymology: < refrigerate v. + -or suffix. Compare French réfrigérateur (1611 in Cotgrave (see quot. 1611 at sense 1), rare; in sense ‘container for chilling perishables’ (1892) apparently after English). Compare slightly earlier refrigeratory n.

1. That which has a refrigerating or cooling effect. Also figurative. Now rare.In later quots. chiefly as extended use of sense 3.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > coldness > cooling agent or appliance > [noun]

cooler?1578

infrigidative1599

refrigerator1611

refrigeratory1650

chiller1798

refrigerant1826

algefacient1998

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Refrigerateur, a refrigerator, refresher, cooler.

1722 E. Halley in Philos. Trans. 1720–21 (Royal Soc.) 31 35 Gross Medicines are Narcoticks, Vulnerary, good for Scrophulous Tumors, Squinancy, Refrigerators.

1809 B. H. Malkin tr. A. R. Le Sage Adventures Gil Blas III. vii. x. 137 A reflection..so virtuous acted as a refrigerator on my spirits.

1853 C. Dickens Bleak House xl. 399 He moves among the company, a magnificent refrigerator.

1862 G. Rawlinson Five Great Monarchies: Assyria I. ii. 267 Trees, those great refrigerators.

1876 Fortn. Rev. Mar. 347 An enormous natural refrigerator in the shape of the Rosegg glacier.

1913 Times 10 Oct. 7/5 An Englishman's home is his castle; it is also, ninety-nine times out of a hundred, his refrigerator.

2. A device for absorbing or dissipating heat; spec. †(a) Chemistry = refrigeratory n. 1 (obsolete); (b) a chamber or vat for cooling the wort in a brewery; †(c) (in a marine steam engine) a device for extracting heat from waste brine from the boiler and using it to heat boiler feed-water (obsolete) (d) a device for absorbing the heat generated in compression. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > coldness > cooling agent or appliance > [noun] > device for maintaining low temperature

refrigerator1718

society > occupation and work > equipment > still > [noun] > vessel of

alembicc1405

retort1527

bagpipe1558

cornute1605

refrigeratory1605

campane1662

cornue1672

refrigerant1678

culb1683

vesica1683

blind-head1743

ambix1781

refrigerator1798

still-tub1826

wash-cistern1853

wash-warmer1900

society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > propulsion machinery > [noun] > marine engine > part of condenser of marine engine

refrigerator1824

1718 N. Culpeper Pharmacopœia Londinensis 306/2 Repeat the infusion certain time, till the Liquor be strong enough, which distil in an Alembick with his refrigerator, or a Copper with his worm.

1798 J. Richardson Philos. Princ. Sci. Brewing (ed. 2) 172 Refrigerator... When charged with hot wort, and plunged into cold water, the effect of the cold may be almost instantaneous.

1824 Maudslay & Field Specif. Patent 5021 3 Passing the hot brine and the supply water for the boiler through a system of tubes or vessels of extended surface called a refrigerator.

1875 Encycl. Brit. I. 428/1 In the upper part of the receiver [of Stirling's air engine]..is a ‘refrigerator’, consisting of a coil of tubing through which cold water continually circulates.

1920 S. Rideal Carbohydrates & Alcohol iii. 150 It is now the practice to cool only to about 140° F., and then complete the cooling by allowing the wort to flow over the refrigerator.

1938 R. Hum Chem. for Engin. Students xvi. 413 The liquid then passes in pipes to the refrigerator or ‘brine’ tanks. As it expands through a valve into these pipes it evaporates, and, in cooling, absorbs heat from the ‘brine’.

3. A container, chamber, or appliance in which a temperature near or below the freezing point of water is artificially created and maintained, usually for the purpose of chilling, storing, or preserving food, drink, or other perishable commodities. (Now the dominant sense.) Cf. fridge n.Most refrigerators produce low temperatures by means of the forced evaporation and condensation of a volatile liquid or easily liquefied vapour in a sealed system to which heat or mechanical energy is supplied. Early refrigerators were often designed specifically to make ice. With household appliances a distinction is usually made between a freezer (used for storage below 0° C) and a refrigerator (used for storage just above this temperature, but often incorporating a freezing compartment).

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preserving or pickling > [noun] > preserving by cooling or freezing > place or machine for

ice room1758

ice chamber1768

icebox1792

cool chamber1801

ice chest1826

freezer1847

refrigerator1861

chill-room1884

ice cave1884

cold store1895

cool store1906

Coolgardie?1924

fridge1926

Frigidaire1926

deep freeze1941

chest freezer1947

hydro-cooler1947

reefer1958

fridge-freezer1971

flash freezer1984

blast freezer1986

1803 T. Moore (title) An essay on the most eligible construction of ice-houses, Also, a description of the newly invented machine called the refrigerator.

1834 A. Fergusson Pract. Notes 211 Mr Gadsby..took me down to his larder in the basement and showed me what he called a refrigerator.

1861 A. Wynter Our Social Bees 192 Every man who possesses a refrigerator has the power of arresting for a time the natural decay of animal and vegetable substances.

1881 Marine Engineer Jan. 226 We think the time is not far distant when all Australian and Eastern liners will be fitted throughout with refrigerators.

1925 Woman's World (Chicago) Apr. 65/3 (advt.) Superior insulation and solid oak construction make both ice and refrigerator last longer.

1958 Times 13 Jan. 11/2 Only 10 per cent. of the population of this island have refrigerators, against 90 per cent. in the United States.

1977 Kitchens & Bathrooms (Time Life Bks.) iii. 76/1 Cornell researchers discovered that as many as 252 trips to the refrigerator, the sink, the range and the mixing counter were needed to prepare dinner.

2005 J. Weiner Goodnight Nobody xxx. 251 I started pulling food out of the refrigerator: a carton of eggs, a can of black beans, a bunch of grapes.

Compounds

C1.

a. attributive in the sense ‘kept or transported in a refrigerator’, as refrigerator beef, refrigerator eggs, etc.

ΚΠ

1881 Chicago Times 4 June American refrigerator beef sold at London and Liverpool to-day at 5½d.

1912 F. A. Fetter Source Bk. in Economics 28 The lower price curve..shows the prices of refrigerator eggs. It will be noted that there was often a difference of ten cents..between the price of fresh and stored eggs.

1921 Olean (N.Y.) Evening Herald 1/4 Representatives..instructed a committee to urge that frozen and refrigerator beef..and canned salmon be included in the list of imports.

b. attributive, appositive, and objective.

refrigerator car n.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > rail travel > rolling stock > [noun] > railway wagon or carriage > for refrigerated food

refrigerator car1842

1842 Brother Jonathan 4 June 158/2 The Boston Traveller states that refrigerator cars are in preparation for the Western railroad, in which fresh provisions, fruit, &c. are to be transported from Michigan to Boston, in excellent order, though in the very heat of summer.

1920 C. R. Cooper Under Big Top 237 Eighty miles away they found him, where he had ridden cramped, and half-frozen, in a refrigerator car.

1999 Jrnl. Commerce (Nexis) 29 Jan. Each of the refurbished refrigerator cars accommodates between 2.6 and 2.8 truckloads of product.

refrigerator engineer n.

ΚΠ

1899 Daily Northwestern (Oshkosh, Wisconsin) 14 Mar. 1/4 A representative..was on the ship in charge of the beef as refrigerator engineer.

1960 M. Spark Ballad of Peckham Rye ii. 27 Humphrey Place, refrigerator engineer of Freeze-eezy's.

2004 H. B. Rockman Intellect. Prop. Law for Engineers & Scientists 175 Diesel..was educated at the Munich Polytechnic School, and was employed as a refrigerator engineer after graduation.

refrigerator-freezer n.

ΚΠ

1945 Syracuse (N.Y.) Herald-Jrnl. 24 Sept. 5/2 (advt.) Combination refrigerator-freezer.

1963 Which? 6 Feb. 42/1 The combined refrigerator-freezer..will hold more frozen food than a refrigerator's freezing compartment.

2000 S. Moore & J. Simon It's getting better all Time xxxviii. 112 Today's refrigerator/freezers have temperature control, ice makers, and even provide crushed ice with a push of a button.

refrigerator-maker n.

ΚΠ

1867 N.Y. Times 27 Feb. 3/2 Henry Wheeler, indicted for burglary..broke into the premises..occupied by L. H. Mace, refrigerator maker.

1950 Manch. Guardian Weekly 7 Dec. 15/3 The Sullivan tunes in the interest of the butcher and baker and refrigerator-maker.

2008 Economist (Nexis) 8 Mar. Word-spotting technology quickly alerted a refrigerator-maker to a design flaw after the words ‘tipped’, ‘top-heavy’ and ‘fell’ were uttered to call-centre agents.

refrigerator ship n.

ΚΠ

1873 Decatur (Illinois) Republican 16 Oct. 16/1 She is..engaged in importing Texas beef by means of a refrigerator-ship.

1921 Daily Colonist (Victoria, Brit. Columbia) 21 Oct. 12/5 The Moliere, another refrigerator ship..is at Seattle loading.

2000 R. P. Tucker Insatiable Appetite vi. 329 United Brands owned..a fleet of refrigerator ships for beef shipments.

refrigerator truck n.

ΚΠ

1919 Sandusky (Ohio) Reg. 14 Mar. 9/2 Jeremy..will deliver the fresh fish direct to the consumers..by auto and is building a refrigerator truck for this work.

1974 R. B. Parker God save Child vi. 48 A big refrigerator truck lumbered by on the highway.

1999 J. Arnott Long Firm iv. 241 Rollers would often be hidden in refrigerator trucks carrying bacon.

C2.

refrigerator mother n. a mother considered to be cold and unloving towards her child or children.Such mothers were formerly believed to contribute to the development of autism in their children. Leo Kanner (1894–1981), who is associated with this theory, does not appear to have used the expression in print.

ΚΠ

1965 Jrnl. Health & Human Behavior 6 163/1 Kanner called them ‘refrigerator’ mothers.

2004 P. Raeburn Acquainted with Night vi. 178 Autism was blamed on ‘refrigerator mothers’, who withheld love and acceptance from their children.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	refrigerator
释义	refrigeratorn. Brit. /rᵻˈfrɪdʒəreɪtə/, U.S. /rəˈfrɪdʒəˌreɪdər/, /riˈfrɪdʒəˌreɪdər/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: refrigerate v., -or suffix. Etymology: < refrigerate v. + -or suffix. Compare French réfrigérateur (1611 in Cotgrave (see quot. 1611 at sense 1), rare; in sense ‘container for chilling perishables’ (1892) apparently after English). Compare slightly earlier refrigeratory n. 1. That which has a refrigerating or cooling effect. Also figurative. Now rare.In later quots. chiefly as extended use of sense 3. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > coldness > cooling agent or appliance > [noun] cooler?1578 infrigidative1599 refrigerator1611 refrigeratory1650 chiller1798 refrigerant1826 algefacient1998 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Refrigerateur, a refrigerator, refresher, cooler. 1722 E. Halley in Philos. Trans. 1720–21 (Royal Soc.) 31 35 Gross Medicines are Narcoticks, Vulnerary, good for Scrophulous Tumors, Squinancy, Refrigerators. 1809 B. H. Malkin tr. A. R. Le Sage Adventures Gil Blas III. vii. x. 137 A reflection..so virtuous acted as a refrigerator on my spirits. 1853 C. Dickens Bleak House xl. 399 He moves among the company, a magnificent refrigerator. 1862 G. Rawlinson Five Great Monarchies: Assyria I. ii. 267 Trees, those great refrigerators. 1876 Fortn. Rev. Mar. 347 An enormous natural refrigerator in the shape of the Rosegg glacier. 1913 Times 10 Oct. 7/5 An Englishman's home is his castle; it is also, ninety-nine times out of a hundred, his refrigerator. 2. A device for absorbing or dissipating heat; spec. †(a) Chemistry = refrigeratory n. 1 (obsolete); (b) a chamber or vat for cooling the wort in a brewery; †(c) (in a marine steam engine) a device for extracting heat from waste brine from the boiler and using it to heat boiler feed-water (obsolete) (d) a device for absorbing the heat generated in compression. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > coldness > cooling agent or appliance > [noun] > device for maintaining low temperature refrigerator1718 society > occupation and work > equipment > still > [noun] > vessel of alembicc1405 retort1527 bagpipe1558 cornute1605 refrigeratory1605 campane1662 cornue1672 refrigerant1678 culb1683 vesica1683 blind-head1743 ambix1781 refrigerator1798 still-tub1826 wash-cistern1853 wash-warmer1900 society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > propulsion machinery > [noun] > marine engine > part of condenser of marine engine refrigerator1824 1718 N. Culpeper Pharmacopœia Londinensis 306/2 Repeat the infusion certain time, till the Liquor be strong enough, which distil in an Alembick with his refrigerator, or a Copper with his worm. 1798 J. Richardson Philos. Princ. Sci. Brewing (ed. 2) 172 Refrigerator... When charged with hot wort, and plunged into cold water, the effect of the cold may be almost instantaneous. 1824 Maudslay & Field Specif. Patent 5021 3 Passing the hot brine and the supply water for the boiler through a system of tubes or vessels of extended surface called a refrigerator. 1875 Encycl. Brit. I. 428/1 In the upper part of the receiver [of Stirling's air engine]..is a ‘refrigerator’, consisting of a coil of tubing through which cold water continually circulates. 1920 S. Rideal Carbohydrates & Alcohol iii. 150 It is now the practice to cool only to about 140° F., and then complete the cooling by allowing the wort to flow over the refrigerator. 1938 R. Hum Chem. for Engin. Students xvi. 413 The liquid then passes in pipes to the refrigerator or ‘brine’ tanks. As it expands through a valve into these pipes it evaporates, and, in cooling, absorbs heat from the ‘brine’. 3. A container, chamber, or appliance in which a temperature near or below the freezing point of water is artificially created and maintained, usually for the purpose of chilling, storing, or preserving food, drink, or other perishable commodities. (Now the dominant sense.) Cf. fridge n.Most refrigerators produce low temperatures by means of the forced evaporation and condensation of a volatile liquid or easily liquefied vapour in a sealed system to which heat or mechanical energy is supplied. Early refrigerators were often designed specifically to make ice. With household appliances a distinction is usually made between a freezer (used for storage below 0° C) and a refrigerator (used for storage just above this temperature, but often incorporating a freezing compartment). ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preserving or pickling > [noun] > preserving by cooling or freezing > place or machine for ice room1758 ice chamber1768 icebox1792 cool chamber1801 ice chest1826 freezer1847 refrigerator1861 chill-room1884 ice cave1884 cold store1895 cool store1906 Coolgardie?1924 fridge1926 Frigidaire1926 deep freeze1941 chest freezer1947 hydro-cooler1947 reefer1958 fridge-freezer1971 flash freezer1984 blast freezer1986 1803 T. Moore (title) An essay on the most eligible construction of ice-houses, Also, a description of the newly invented machine called the refrigerator. 1834 A. Fergusson Pract. Notes 211 Mr Gadsby..took me down to his larder in the basement and showed me what he called a refrigerator. 1861 A. Wynter Our Social Bees 192 Every man who possesses a refrigerator has the power of arresting for a time the natural decay of animal and vegetable substances. 1881 Marine Engineer Jan. 226 We think the time is not far distant when all Australian and Eastern liners will be fitted throughout with refrigerators. 1925 Woman's World (Chicago) Apr. 65/3 (advt.) Superior insulation and solid oak construction make both ice and refrigerator last longer. 1958 Times 13 Jan. 11/2 Only 10 per cent. of the population of this island have refrigerators, against 90 per cent. in the United States. 1977 Kitchens & Bathrooms (Time Life Bks.) iii. 76/1 Cornell researchers discovered that as many as 252 trips to the refrigerator, the sink, the range and the mixing counter were needed to prepare dinner. 2005 J. Weiner Goodnight Nobody xxx. 251 I started pulling food out of the refrigerator: a carton of eggs, a can of black beans, a bunch of grapes. Compounds C1. a. attributive in the sense ‘kept or transported in a refrigerator’, as refrigerator beef, refrigerator eggs, etc. ΚΠ 1881 Chicago Times 4 June American refrigerator beef sold at London and Liverpool to-day at 5½d. 1912 F. A. Fetter Source Bk. in Economics 28 The lower price curve..shows the prices of refrigerator eggs. It will be noted that there was often a difference of ten cents..between the price of fresh and stored eggs. 1921 Olean (N.Y.) Evening Herald 1/4 Representatives..instructed a committee to urge that frozen and refrigerator beef..and canned salmon be included in the list of imports. b. attributive, appositive, and objective. refrigerator car n. ΘΚΠ society > travel > rail travel > rolling stock > [noun] > railway wagon or carriage > for refrigerated food refrigerator car1842 1842 Brother Jonathan 4 June 158/2 The Boston Traveller states that refrigerator cars are in preparation for the Western railroad, in which fresh provisions, fruit, &c. are to be transported from Michigan to Boston, in excellent order, though in the very heat of summer. 1920 C. R. Cooper Under Big Top 237 Eighty miles away they found him, where he had ridden cramped, and half-frozen, in a refrigerator car. 1999 Jrnl. Commerce (Nexis) 29 Jan. Each of the refurbished refrigerator cars accommodates between 2.6 and 2.8 truckloads of product. refrigerator engineer n. ΚΠ 1899 Daily Northwestern (Oshkosh, Wisconsin) 14 Mar. 1/4 A representative..was on the ship in charge of the beef as refrigerator engineer. 1960 M. Spark Ballad of Peckham Rye ii. 27 Humphrey Place, refrigerator engineer of Freeze-eezy's. 2004 H. B. Rockman Intellect. Prop. Law for Engineers & Scientists 175 Diesel..was educated at the Munich Polytechnic School, and was employed as a refrigerator engineer after graduation. refrigerator-freezer n. ΚΠ 1945 Syracuse (N.Y.) Herald-Jrnl. 24 Sept. 5/2 (advt.) Combination refrigerator-freezer. 1963 Which? 6 Feb. 42/1 The combined refrigerator-freezer..will hold more frozen food than a refrigerator's freezing compartment. 2000 S. Moore & J. Simon It's getting better all Time xxxviii. 112 Today's refrigerator/freezers have temperature control, ice makers, and even provide crushed ice with a push of a button. refrigerator-maker n. ΚΠ 1867 N.Y. Times 27 Feb. 3/2 Henry Wheeler, indicted for burglary..broke into the premises..occupied by L. H. Mace, refrigerator maker. 1950 Manch. Guardian Weekly 7 Dec. 15/3 The Sullivan tunes in the interest of the butcher and baker and refrigerator-maker. 2008 Economist (Nexis) 8 Mar. Word-spotting technology quickly alerted a refrigerator-maker to a design flaw after the words ‘tipped’, ‘top-heavy’ and ‘fell’ were uttered to call-centre agents. refrigerator ship n. ΚΠ 1873 Decatur (Illinois) Republican 16 Oct. 16/1 She is..engaged in importing Texas beef by means of a refrigerator-ship. 1921 Daily Colonist (Victoria, Brit. Columbia) 21 Oct. 12/5 The Moliere, another refrigerator ship..is at Seattle loading. 2000 R. P. Tucker Insatiable Appetite vi. 329 United Brands owned..a fleet of refrigerator ships for beef shipments. refrigerator truck n. ΚΠ 1919 Sandusky (Ohio) Reg. 14 Mar. 9/2 Jeremy..will deliver the fresh fish direct to the consumers..by auto and is building a refrigerator truck for this work. 1974 R. B. Parker God save Child vi. 48 A big refrigerator truck lumbered by on the highway. 1999 J. Arnott Long Firm iv. 241 Rollers would often be hidden in refrigerator trucks carrying bacon. C2. refrigerator mother n. a mother considered to be cold and unloving towards her child or children.Such mothers were formerly believed to contribute to the development of autism in their children. Leo Kanner (1894–1981), who is associated with this theory, does not appear to have used the expression in print. ΚΠ 1965 Jrnl. Health & Human Behavior 6 163/1 Kanner called them ‘refrigerator’ mothers. 2004 P. Raeburn Acquainted with Night vi. 178 Autism was blamed on ‘refrigerator mothers’, who withheld love and acceptance from their children. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.1611
随便看	abide abide by abide one's time abided abider abiders abides abiding abiding day abiding house abiding place abiding time abidingly abidingness abidings abience abiences abient abienter abientest abietate abietene abietic abietic acid abietine