† refrainedadj.

Forms: late Middle English refraned, late Middle English refreyned.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: refrain v., -ed suffix¹.

Etymology: < refrain v. (its general sense ‘to hinder, check’ being applied specifically to impairment by a medical condition) + -ed suffix¹, perhaps partly by association with refreid v. (compare also quots. a1413², c1405 at refreid v.).

Obsolete. rare.

Of a hawk: affected with catarrh.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > animal disease or disorder > disorders of birds > [adjective] > disorders of hawks

cumber1486

gleetous1486

refrained1486

crocked1707

1486 Bk. St. Albans sig. cvii When ye se yowre hawke Nesyng and Castyng wat thorogh her Nostrellis or hir nares, then dowteles she is Refraned.

1486 Bk. St. Albans sig. cvii A medecyne for hawkis that bene Refreyned.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

单词	refrained
释义	† refrainedadj. Forms: late Middle English refraned, late Middle English refreyned. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: refrain v., -ed suffix¹. Etymology: < refrain v. (its general sense ‘to hinder, check’ being applied specifically to impairment by a medical condition) + -ed suffix¹, perhaps partly by association with refreid v. (compare also quots. a1413², c1405 at refreid v.). Obsolete. rare. Of a hawk: affected with catarrh. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > animal disease or disorder > disorders of birds > [adjective] > disorders of hawks cumber1486 gleetous1486 refrained1486 crocked1707 1486 Bk. St. Albans sig. cvii When ye se yowre hawke Nesyng and Castyng wat thorogh her Nostrellis or hir nares, then dowteles she is Refraned. 1486 Bk. St. Albans sig. cvii A medecyne for hawkis that bene Refreyned. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online December 2020). < adj.1486
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