refraidn.

Brit.

/rᵻˈfreɪd/, U.S.

/rəˈfreɪd/,

/riˈfreɪd/

Forms: late Middle English refrayde, late Middle English refrayt, late Middle English refreit, late Middle English refreite, late Middle English refreyd, late Middle English refreyde, late Middle English refreyt, late Middle English refreyte, late Middle English refryd, late Middle English–1500s refraite, late Middle English–1500s refrete, late Middle English–1600s 1800s refret, 1500s refrayte, 1600s refreide, 1700s refrect, 1900s– refraid. N.E.D. (1905) also records forms late Middle English reffreyt, late Middle English refrect.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French refreid.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman refreid, refreit liturgical response (early 12th cent. or earlier), main theme of a discourse (early 13th cent. or earlier), use as noun of past participle of refreindre , refraindre to ring out (12th cent.), to sing a refrain (12th or 13th cent.), to provide an accompaniment for (a song) (13th cent.) < an unattested post-classical Latin form *refrangere (see refrangent adj.). Also influenced semantically by Middle French reffroy (Old French refrait , refreit , etc.) melody (end of the 11th cent. in Old French in a gloss in Rashi), birdsong (12th cent. in an isolated attestation), repeated words (2nd half of the 12th cent.). Compare post-classical Latin refractus refrain (a1320; apparently after French), Old Occitan refrach (see refrain n.¹). Compare refrain n.¹

Now historical.

A refrain of a song or poem, a burden; †a song (obsolete). Also in extended use: a repeated phrase or utterance.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > literature > poetry > part of poem > [noun] > refrain

refraid?a1439

repeat?1497

refrain1530

rearfreight?1567

tag1717

rondeau1787

ephymnium1910

society > leisure > the arts > music > type of music > vocal music > a song > [noun] > refrain

refraid?a1439

overword?a1513

refrain1530

foot1538

counterverse1570

faburden1580

burden1598

holding1598

chorus1601

foreburden1603

bob1606

ludden1607

down1611

nonnya1616

rame?c1625

tag1717

overcome?a1800

overturn1825

a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) iii. 3567 (MED) With ther goddis thei maden hym egall..And sang refreites to comende his merites.

a1450 St. Edith (Faust.) (1883) 4103 Þis was þe refret of þat caroulle.

c1460 J. Lydgate Praise of Peace 80 in Minor Poems (1934) ii. 788 Of ther song the refreit was of pees.

c1475 (a1449) J. Lydgate Minor Poems (1934) ii. 828 Remembre sothly that I the refreyd tooke, Of..My maister Chaucier, chief poete of Bretayne.

1532 (c1385) Usk's Test. Loue in Wks. G. Chaucer iii. f. cccli Euer sobbynges & complayntes be redy refrete in his meditations.

1532 T. More Confut. Tyndale in Wks. 686/2 I shal yet ones agayn..fal to my rude refraite, & sing him mine olde song.

?a1534 H. Medwall Nature i. sig. biii^v These .ii. folk harp both on refrayte.

1585 J. Higgins tr. Junius Nomenclator 11 Versus intercalaris.., Refrein de ballade, a verse often interlaced: the foote, refret, or burden of the dittie.

1623 tr. A. Favyn Theater of Honour & Knight-hood ii. xiii. 222 Taking the Refret or burthen of the Song.

1658 E. Phillips New World Eng. Words Refret, the burthen of a Ballade or Song.

1728 E. Chambers Cycl. Ritornell, Refrect, in Musick, the Burthen of a Song.

1847 J. O. Halliwell Dict. Archaic & Provinc. Words II. at Refrain Refraide and refret are also used.

1859 J. D. Bryant Redemption vii. 221 Refret melodious, borne on num'rous tongues.

1920 C. Brown Reg. ME Relig. & Didactic Verse 211 A prayer for England—nineteen 8-line stanzas with refraid: ‘Of alle oure synnys god make delyueraunce.’

1942 Mod. Lang. Notes 57 18 The refraid ‘Nowell’ is written on the last line of f. 9^a, and repeated for convenience of singing..at the head of f. 9^b.

2001 R. Greentree Middle Eng. Lyric & Short Poem 445 A Love Adventure, with refraid ‘Nou springes the sprai’ etc.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	refraid
释义	refraidn. Brit. /rᵻˈfreɪd/, U.S. /rəˈfreɪd/, /riˈfreɪd/ Forms: late Middle English refrayde, late Middle English refrayt, late Middle English refreit, late Middle English refreite, late Middle English refreyd, late Middle English refreyde, late Middle English refreyt, late Middle English refreyte, late Middle English refryd, late Middle English–1500s refraite, late Middle English–1500s refrete, late Middle English–1600s 1800s refret, 1500s refrayte, 1600s refreide, 1700s refrect, 1900s– refraid. N.E.D. (1905) also records forms late Middle English reffreyt, late Middle English refrect. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French refreid. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman refreid, refreit liturgical response (early 12th cent. or earlier), main theme of a discourse (early 13th cent. or earlier), use as noun of past participle of refreindre , refraindre to ring out (12th cent.), to sing a refrain (12th or 13th cent.), to provide an accompaniment for (a song) (13th cent.) < an unattested post-classical Latin form refrangere (see refrangent adj.). Also influenced semantically by Middle French reffroy* (Old French refrait , refreit , etc.) melody (end of the 11th cent. in Old French in a gloss in Rashi), birdsong (12th cent. in an isolated attestation), repeated words (2nd half of the 12th cent.). Compare post-classical Latin refractus refrain (a1320; apparently after French), Old Occitan refrach (see refrain n.¹). Compare refrain n.¹ Now historical. A refrain of a song or poem, a burden; †a song (obsolete). Also in extended use: a repeated phrase or utterance. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > literature > poetry > part of poem > [noun] > refrain refraid?a1439 repeat?1497 refrain1530 rearfreight?1567 tag1717 rondeau1787 ephymnium1910 society > leisure > the arts > music > type of music > vocal music > a song > [noun] > refrain refraid?a1439 overword?a1513 refrain1530 foot1538 counterverse1570 faburden1580 burden1598 holding1598 chorus1601 foreburden1603 bob1606 ludden1607 down1611 nonnya1616 rame?c1625 tag1717 overcome?a1800 overturn1825 a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) iii. 3567 (MED) With ther goddis thei maden hym egall..And sang refreites to comende his merites. a1450 St. Edith (Faust.) (1883) 4103 Þis was þe refret of þat caroulle. c1460 J. Lydgate Praise of Peace 80 in Minor Poems (1934) ii. 788 Of ther song the refreit was of pees. c1475 (a1449) J. Lydgate Minor Poems (1934) ii. 828 Remembre sothly that I the refreyd tooke, Of..My maister Chaucier, chief poete of Bretayne. 1532 (c1385) Usk's Test. Loue in Wks. G. Chaucer iii. f. cccli Euer sobbynges & complayntes be redy refrete in his meditations. 1532 T. More Confut. Tyndale in Wks. 686/2 I shal yet ones agayn..fal to my rude refraite, & sing him mine olde song. ?a1534 H. Medwall Nature i. sig. biii^v These .ii. folk harp both on refrayte. 1585 J. Higgins tr. Junius Nomenclator 11 Versus intercalaris.., Refrein de ballade, a verse often interlaced: the foote, refret, or burden of the dittie. 1623 tr. A. Favyn Theater of Honour & Knight-hood ii. xiii. 222 Taking the Refret or burthen of the Song. 1658 E. Phillips New World Eng. Words Refret, the burthen of a Ballade or Song. 1728 E. Chambers Cycl. Ritornell, Refrect, in Musick, the Burthen of a Song. 1847 J. O. Halliwell Dict. Archaic & Provinc. Words II. at Refrain Refraide and refret are also used. 1859 J. D. Bryant Redemption vii. 221 Refret melodious, borne on num'rous tongues. 1920 C. Brown Reg. ME Relig. & Didactic Verse 211 A prayer for England—nineteen 8-line stanzas with refraid: ‘Of alle oure synnys god make delyueraunce.’ 1942 Mod. Lang. Notes 57 18 The refraid ‘Nowell’ is written on the last line of f. 9^a, and repeated for convenience of singing..at the head of f. 9^b. 2001 R. Greentree Middle Eng. Lyric & Short Poem 445 A Love Adventure, with refraid ‘Nou springes the sprai’ etc. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.?a1439
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